EP0985877A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour réduire au minimum les vibrations thermoacoustques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour réduire au minimum les vibrations thermoacoustques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0985877A1
EP0985877A1 EP98810904A EP98810904A EP0985877A1 EP 0985877 A1 EP0985877 A1 EP 0985877A1 EP 98810904 A EP98810904 A EP 98810904A EP 98810904 A EP98810904 A EP 98810904A EP 0985877 A1 EP0985877 A1 EP 0985877A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
nozzle section
diameter
nozzle
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98810904A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ephraim Prof. Dr. Gutmark
Christian Oliver Dr. Paschereit
Wolfgang Weisenstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP98810904A priority Critical patent/EP0985877A1/fr
Publication of EP0985877A1 publication Critical patent/EP0985877A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2206/00—Burners for specific applications
    • F23D2206/10—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Minimization of thermoacoustic vibrations in Gas turbine combustors.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations denotes mutually rocking thermal and acoustic disturbances. High vibration amplitudes can occur, which can lead to undesired effects, such as a high mechanical load on the combustion chamber, an increased NO x emission due to inhomogeneous combustion and even an extinguishing of the flame. This is particularly true for combustion systems with low acoustic damping. In order to guarantee high performance in terms of pulsations and emissions over a wide operating range, passive control of the combustion vibrations may be necessary.
  • the cooling air flowing into the combustion chamber has an important function, since the cooling air film on the combustion chamber wall has a sound-absorbing effect and thus contributes to the reduction of thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the cooling air film on the combustion chamber wall has a sound-absorbing effect and thus contributes to the reduction of thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • an increasing proportion of the air is passed through the burners themselves in modern gas turbines, so the cooling air flow is reduced.
  • the problems mentioned at the outset which are associated with the undesirable vibrations, occur increasingly in such modern combustion chambers.
  • the fluid mechanical stability of a gas turbine burner is vital to the appearance thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the arising in the burner fluid mechanical instability waves lead to Formation of vertebrae.
  • This also as coherent structures designated vertebrae play an important role Mixing processes between air and fuel.
  • the dynamics of the coherent structures affects combustion and the associated heat release.
  • These vertebrae can therefore for periodic heat release of the flame of the Burner and thus lead to pressure fluctuations.
  • the formation of eddies that affect combustion and to periodically release heat with it associated pressure fluctuations can result from the Stabilization of the backflow zone in the center of the burner to be influenced.
  • the stability of the backflow zone works directly on the stability of the burner flame and has thus a decisive influence on the tendency to vibrate of the burner.
  • the stabilization takes place Backflow zone due to the acceleration of the flow at Burner outlet.
  • the mixture of Fresh gas is influenced by recirculated flue gas and therefore the stability of the combustion increases. Furthermore change the boundary conditions of the shear layer that forms and the backflow zone and thus its stability.
  • Figure 1 shows a known from the prior art Brenner, whose detailed description is EP 0 321 809 can be removed.
  • the burner consists of two halves hollow partial cone bodies 1, 2, each having a cylindrical Have initial part 9, 10, wherein a nozzle 11 housed is the fuel injection with the narrowest cross section of the tapered formed by the two partial cone bodies 1, 2 Cavity 8 coincides.
  • Combustion chamber 17 has the A collar-shaped burner as an anchor for the Partial cone body 1, 2 serving end plate 18 with a Number of holes 19, through which if necessary Dilution air or cooling air 20 the front part of the Combustion chamber or its wall can be supplied.
  • Injection of fuel 12 is in the range of Vortex bursting, that is, in the area of the backflow zone 24 favorable fuel concentration across the cross-section reached.
  • the ignition takes place at the top of the backflow zone 24, where the flame front 25 forms.
  • Figure 2 shows a correspondingly modified burner.
  • the Burner on a nozzle-like taper of the diameter.
  • This nozzle section 28 can both by a corresponding Design of the burner in the area of the burner outlet as also by attaching a separate attachment will be realized.
  • the end plate 18 (not shown) can both at the combustion chamber side 17 end of the nozzle section 28 as well as between the combustion chamber end of the burner and the nozzle portion 28 are attached. In one case the nozzle section 28 is thus outside the Combustion chamber, otherwise the nozzle section 28 protrudes into the combustion chamber.
  • the burner outlet is thus reduced to a fraction D / D B of the original diameter D B , which according to the invention is between 0.25 and 0.99, preferably between 0.46 and 0.86, particularly preferably between 0.57 and 0.71.
  • D B 175 mm
  • the burner outlet is therefore reduced according to the invention to a diameter that is between 43 and 173 mm, preferably between 80 and 150 mm, particularly preferably between 100 and 125 mm.
  • the tapering part of the burner or the tapering attachment has a length L which depends on the diameter D B of the burner outlet.
  • the value of L / D B is between 0.01 and 0.57, preferably between 0.057 and 0.46, particularly preferably between 0.11 and 0.40.
  • the tapering part of the burner thus has, according to the invention, a length L that is between 2 and 100 mm, preferably 10 to 80 mm , particularly preferably 20 to 70 mm.
  • Figure 3 shows the results of an experimental determination the pressure fluctuations for various inventive nozzle-like attachments.
  • the combustion system used tended to at a frequency of around 100 Hz axially symmetric thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the diameter of the burner outlet opening was without Attachments 175 mm (measured from partial cone body 1 to Partial cone body 2).
  • attachments 1 to 3 have one at both ends had a circular edge, the edge of the attachment 4 serrated on the side with the smaller diameter, the individual points a width at the base of 15 mm and a Extent to the tip of 10 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP98810904A 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Dispositif et procédé pour réduire au minimum les vibrations thermoacoustques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz Withdrawn EP0985877A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810904A EP0985877A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Dispositif et procédé pour réduire au minimum les vibrations thermoacoustques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810904A EP0985877A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Dispositif et procédé pour réduire au minimum les vibrations thermoacoustques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0985877A1 true EP0985877A1 (fr) 2000-03-15

Family

ID=8236312

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98810904A Withdrawn EP0985877A1 (fr) 1998-09-10 1998-09-10 Dispositif et procédé pour réduire au minimum les vibrations thermoacoustques dans les chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0985877A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1217295A2 (fr) 2000-12-23 2002-06-26 ALSTOM Power N.V. Brûleur pour la génération d'un gaz chaud
WO2005078348A1 (fr) * 2004-02-12 2005-08-25 Alstom Technology Ltd Systeme de bruleur de premelange pour faire fonctionner une chambre de combustion, et procede pour faire fonctionner une chambre de combustion

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2806517A (en) * 1950-11-16 1957-09-17 Shell Dev Oil atomizing double vortex burner
EP0754908A2 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer des vibrations par flamme et par pression dans un four
DE19527453A1 (de) * 1995-07-27 1997-01-30 Abb Management Ag Vormischbrenner
EP0845639A1 (fr) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-03 Abb Research Ltd. Chambre de combustion
EP0849531A2 (fr) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-24 United Technologies Corporation Procédé de combustion à faible émission de tonalités acoustiques

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2806517A (en) * 1950-11-16 1957-09-17 Shell Dev Oil atomizing double vortex burner
EP0754908A2 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Procédé et dispositif pour supprimer des vibrations par flamme et par pression dans un four
DE19527453A1 (de) * 1995-07-27 1997-01-30 Abb Management Ag Vormischbrenner
EP0845639A1 (fr) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-03 Abb Research Ltd. Chambre de combustion
EP0849531A2 (fr) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-24 United Technologies Corporation Procédé de combustion à faible émission de tonalités acoustiques

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1217295A2 (fr) 2000-12-23 2002-06-26 ALSTOM Power N.V. Brûleur pour la génération d'un gaz chaud
EP1217295A3 (fr) * 2000-12-23 2002-11-20 ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd Brûleur pour la génération d'un gaz chaud
US6773257B2 (en) 2000-12-23 2004-08-10 Alstom Technology Ltd Burner for the production of a hot gas
WO2005078348A1 (fr) * 2004-02-12 2005-08-25 Alstom Technology Ltd Systeme de bruleur de premelange pour faire fonctionner une chambre de combustion, et procede pour faire fonctionner une chambre de combustion

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