EP1002992B1 - Brûleur - Google Patents

Brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1002992B1
EP1002992B1 EP98811144A EP98811144A EP1002992B1 EP 1002992 B1 EP1002992 B1 EP 1002992B1 EP 98811144 A EP98811144 A EP 98811144A EP 98811144 A EP98811144 A EP 98811144A EP 1002992 B1 EP1002992 B1 EP 1002992B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
air
air outlet
outlet nozzles
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98811144A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1002992A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Oliver Dr. Paschereit
Wolfgang Weisenstein
Ephraim Prof. Gutmark
Klaus Dr. Döbbeling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Priority to DE59812039T priority Critical patent/DE59812039D1/de
Priority to EP98811144A priority patent/EP1002992B1/fr
Priority to US09/438,588 priority patent/US6183240B1/en
Publication of EP1002992A1 publication Critical patent/EP1002992A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1002992B1 publication Critical patent/EP1002992B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for operating a unit for generating a Hot gas.
  • Such a burner for operating a gas turbine is known from EP 0 851 172 A.
  • the cooling air flowing into the combustion chamber has a sound-absorbing effect and thus contributes to damping thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • an increasing proportion of the air is passed through the burners themselves in modern gas turbines and the cooling air flow is reduced.
  • the problems mentioned at the outset occur increasingly in modern combustion chambers.
  • One way of soundproofing is to connect Helmholtz dampers in the combustion chamber hood or in the area of the cooling air supply. In tight Space, as is typical for modern, compact combustion chambers such dampers can be difficult to accommodate and is associated with great design effort.
  • thermoacoustic vibrations through active acoustic excitation.
  • the one that develops in the area of the burner Shear layer stimulated acoustically.
  • damping of thermoacoustic vibrations and excitation can be achieved of the combustion chamber vibrations.
  • such a solution requires the installation of additional elements in the combustion chamber.
  • the modulation of the fuel mass flow is also suitable.
  • Fuel out of phase with measured signals in the combustion chamber e.g. the pressure
  • Fuel out of phase with measured signals in the combustion chamber e.g. the pressure
  • injected into the burner so that at a minimum pressure additional heat is released. This causes the amplitude of the pressure vibrations reduced.
  • Coherent structures play a crucial role in mixing processes between air and fuel.
  • the spatial and temporal dynamics of these structures affects combustion and heat release.
  • the invention is now the Based on the idea to disturb the formation of coherent vortex structures the periodic heat release fluctuation and thus the amplitude of the reduce thermoacoustic fluctuations.
  • a burner according to the invention for operating a unit for generating a Hot gas consists essentially of at least two hollow, in the direction of flow nested partial bodies, the center axes of which are offset from one another run in such a way that adjacent walls of the partial body tangential Air inlet channels for the inflow of combustion air into one of the part bodies form predetermined interior.
  • the burner has at least one fuel nozzle on.
  • the inside faces a plurality of the burner outlet along the circumference of the burner outlet of nozzles for introducing axial eddy strength into the flow, the nozzles arranged to inject air are.
  • the invention is therefore based on the idea of forming coherent vortex structures by introducing vortex strength in the axial direction. at a vortex of the generic type, the vortex strength is thereby according to the invention introduced that air through a plurality of nozzles is injected. These air outlet nozzles are as close as possible to the burner outlet appropriate to be able to develop their effect as fully as possible.
  • the relative position of the direction of flow and direction of air injection can be completely described by two angles ⁇ , ⁇ (FIGS. 2, 3).
  • ⁇ represents the angle between the direction of air injection and a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow
  • ⁇ the angle between the direction of air injection and the direction pointing radially to the central axis.
  • the air outlet nozzles are advantageous this way arranged that ⁇ is about 0 ° and ⁇ is about 0 °. The injection the air therefore takes place in a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow radially to the central axis inside.
  • the cross section of the air outlet nozzles is circular.
  • the flow instabilities in the burner mostly have a dominant mode.
  • the damping of this dominant mode is a priority for the suppression of thermoacoustic vibrations.
  • the relevant frequencies are between a few 10 Hz and a few kHz.
  • the convection speed depends on the burner and is typically a few 10 m / s, for example 30 m / s.
  • the dominant mode is suppressed particularly effectively if the distances s between adjacent air outlet nozzles along the circumference of the burner outlet are less than or approximately equal to half the wavelength of the dominant mode, that is to say s.
  • a particularly effective suppression has also been found if the diameter D of the air outlet nozzles is greater than approximately a quarter of the boundary layer thickness ⁇ in the region of the nozzles.
  • the boundary layer thickness is about 1 mm for a typical burner.
  • the diameter D of the nozzles is less than approximately one fifth of the distance s between adjacent nozzles.
  • the boundary conditions such as the existing air mass flow or the Available space may require the distances and the However, the diameter of the nozzles can also be adapted to these boundary conditions.
  • Figure 1 shows a burner according to the invention, which consists of two half hollow conical bodies 1, 2, which are arranged offset to one another.
  • the partial cone bodies 1, 2 have cylindrical starting parts 9, 10 which have a fuel nozzle 11 contain through which liquid fuel 12 is injected.
  • the burner has a collar-shaped, as anchoring for the Partial cone body 1, 2 serving front plate 18 with a number of holes 19, through which, if necessary, dilution air or cooling air 20 the front part of the Combustion chamber or its wall can be supplied.
  • the fuel injection can be an air-assisted nozzle or one Act nozzle working according to the pressure atomization principle.
  • the conical spray pattern is enclosed by the tangentially flowing combustion air flows 7.
  • the concentration of the injected fuel 12 is in the direction of flow 30 continuously degraded by the combustion air streams 7.
  • Becomes a gaseous Fuel 16 introduced in the region of the tangential air inlet ducts 5, 6 begins the mixture formation with the combustion air 7 already in this area.
  • the optimal homogeneous fuel concentration achieved across the cross-section.
  • the ignition of the fuel / combustion air mixture begins at the top of the backflow zone 24. Only at this point can a stable flame front 25 arise.
  • FIG. 4 shows the burner according to the invention, where ⁇ and ⁇ are each about 0 °. The flow direction from the In FIG. 4, air outlet nozzles 32, which are not shown in FIG radially inwards.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Brûleur pour le fonctionnement d'une unité pour la production d'un gaz chaud, le brûleur se composant essentiellement d'au moins deux corps partiels (1, 2) creux, emboítés l'un dans l'autre dans la direction de l'écoulement (30), dont les axes médians s'étendent de manière décalée l'un par rapport à l'autre, de telle sorte que des parois voisines des corps partiels (1, 2) forment des canaux d'entrée d'air tangentiels (5, 6) pour l'entrée d'air de combustion (7) dans un espace interne (8) prédéfini par les corps partiels (1, 2), et le brûleur présentant au moins une buse de combustible (11),
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour le contrôle des instabilités d'écoulement dans le brûleur, le côté interne de la sortie du brûleur (17) le long de la périphérie de la sortie du brûleur (17) présente une pluralité de buses de sortie d'air (32) et les buses de sortie d'air (32) sont disposées suivant un certain angle par rapport à la direction de l'écoulement (30), lequel angle entre la direction de l'écoulement (30) et la direction d'injection de l'air (34) est donné par l'angle (ϕ, α), où ϕ représente l'angle entre la direction d'injection de l'air (34) et un plan perpendiculaire à la direction d'écoulement, et α représente l'angle entre la direction d'injection de l'air (34) et la direction tournée vers l'intérieur radialement par rapport à l'axe médian respectif, et les buses (32) sont disposées de telle sorte que ϕ se situe à environ 0° et α se situe à environ 0°.
  2. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale des buses de sortie d'air (32) est circulaire.
  3. Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les instabilités d'écoulement présentent un mode dominant et les distances s entre les buses de sortie d'air (32) voisines le long de la périphérie de la sortie ,du brûleur (17) sont inférieures ou approximativement égales à la demi-longueur d'onde du mode dominant.
  4. Brûleur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre D des buses de sortie d'air (32) est supérieur à environ un quart de l'épaisseur de la couche limite δ dans la région des buses de sortie d'air (32).
  5. Brûleur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre D des buses de sortie d'air (32) est inférieur à environ un cinquième de la distance s entre les buses de sortie d'air (32) voisines.
EP98811144A 1998-11-18 1998-11-18 Brûleur Expired - Lifetime EP1002992B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59812039T DE59812039D1 (de) 1998-11-18 1998-11-18 Brenner
EP98811144A EP1002992B1 (fr) 1998-11-18 1998-11-18 Brûleur
US09/438,588 US6183240B1 (en) 1998-11-18 1999-11-12 Burner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98811144A EP1002992B1 (fr) 1998-11-18 1998-11-18 Brûleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1002992A1 EP1002992A1 (fr) 2000-05-24
EP1002992B1 true EP1002992B1 (fr) 2004-09-29

Family

ID=8236442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98811144A Expired - Lifetime EP1002992B1 (fr) 1998-11-18 1998-11-18 Brûleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6183240B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1002992B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59812039D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SK287642B6 (sk) * 2000-08-04 2011-05-06 Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha Horák na tuhé palivo a spôsob spaľovania horákom na tuhé palivo
DE50110801D1 (de) 2000-12-23 2006-10-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Brenner zur Erzeugung eines Heissgases
US6886342B2 (en) 2002-12-17 2005-05-03 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Vortex fuel nozzle to reduce noise levels and improve mixing
US8631657B2 (en) * 2003-01-22 2014-01-21 Vast Power Portfolio, Llc Thermodynamic cycles with thermal diluent
CN1764498A (zh) * 2003-01-22 2006-04-26 瓦斯特能量系统有限公司 反应器
US20050056313A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-17 Hagen David L. Method and apparatus for mixing fluids
EP1817526B1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2019-03-20 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Procédé et dispositif de combustion d'hydrogène dans un brûleur a prémelange
EP1828684A1 (fr) * 2004-12-23 2007-09-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Bruleur de premelange dote d'un parcours de melange
US8622737B2 (en) * 2008-07-16 2014-01-07 Robert S. Babington Perforated flame tube for a liquid fuel burner
KR101990767B1 (ko) 2017-08-09 2019-06-20 한국기계연구원 이중 원추형 가스터빈용 버너 및 이 버너에 공기를 공급하는 방법
US11555612B2 (en) * 2017-11-29 2023-01-17 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Dual fuel direct ignition burners

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0851172A2 (fr) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-01 Abb Research Ltd. Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chambre de combustion avec un combustible liquide ou gazeux

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3879939A (en) * 1973-04-18 1975-04-29 United Aircraft Corp Combustion inlet diffuser employing boundary layer flow straightening vanes
JPS5129726A (fr) * 1974-09-06 1976-03-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
IL52613A (en) * 1977-07-28 1980-11-30 Univ Ramot Method and apparatus for controlling the mixing of two fluids
CH680467A5 (fr) * 1989-12-22 1992-08-31 Asea Brown Boveri
DE4304213A1 (de) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-18 Abb Research Ltd Brenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine, einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbogruppe oder Feuerungsanlage
DE4309115A1 (de) * 1993-03-23 1994-09-29 Viessmann Werke Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ölverdampfungsbrenners
DK0866268T3 (da) * 1997-03-18 2001-06-18 Alstom Schweiz Ag Fremgangsmåde til drift af en hvirvelstabiliseret brænder, samt brænder til gennemførelse af fremgangsmåden

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0851172A2 (fr) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-01 Abb Research Ltd. Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'une chambre de combustion avec un combustible liquide ou gazeux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6183240B1 (en) 2001-02-06
EP1002992A1 (fr) 2000-05-24
DE59812039D1 (de) 2004-11-04

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