EP0975836B1 - Mit 2-oxetanone geleimtes papier - Google Patents

Mit 2-oxetanone geleimtes papier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0975836B1
EP0975836B1 EP98909511A EP98909511A EP0975836B1 EP 0975836 B1 EP0975836 B1 EP 0975836B1 EP 98909511 A EP98909511 A EP 98909511A EP 98909511 A EP98909511 A EP 98909511A EP 0975836 B1 EP0975836 B1 EP 0975836B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
size
ink
branched
akd
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98909511A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0975836A1 (de
Inventor
Olof Malmström
Markku Nurminen
Raija Savolainen
Ari Teijo
Claes Zetter
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a paper grade having additives in its furnish, in which method alkaline hydrophobizing paper sizes are used. These sizes have a reactive functional group capable of forming covalent bonds with cellulose fiber and such hydrophobic tails thereof that are directed outward from said fiber.
  • Ink-jet printing may be implemented in two basic variants: continuous-jet and dot-on-demand (DOD) printers.
  • DOD dot-on-demand
  • the applications of ink-jet printers today cover a wide range of applications from monochrome office printers to four-colour photographic-quality printers, on-line identification and marking devices and very-large-format sheet/roll medium plotters.
  • ink-jet printing has the greatest number of different applications.
  • the particular assets of ink-jet printing are found in its multicolour capability and printing speed.
  • the costs involved in this printing method are also comparative low.
  • the printing process may be readily controlled from the computer system, whereby all the facilities of data processing techniques are easily available. For instance, colour rendition and adjustment of colour balance can be simply controlled with the help of the data-processing system.
  • printing quality is affected by the fiber composition, and thereby chiefly by the ratio of coniferous to deciduous wood.
  • the structure and topography of pores in the finished sheet are crucial to the outcome of the printing process in the discussed method.
  • the printing result is determined by the non-compressible grain of the sheet and other parameters characterizing the ink absorption capability of the sheet.
  • a paper grade optimized for ink-jet printing is required to have a sufficient capability of adsorbing the printing ink, yet permitting the ink to dry at a sufficiently fast rate before the ink can spread along the fibers or into the pores of the sheet structure. Thence, the surface-chemical interactions of the sheet with the ink are accentuated in ink-jet printing.
  • the quality of ink-jet printing can be modified by means of additives used in papermaking such as hydrophobizing internal sizes and surface size formulations, surface size starches and pigments of high surface area.
  • Formulations for paper sizing have been developed in the art with the aim of modifying the surface-chemical properties of the paper and improving the black-and-white monochrome printing quality by virtue of increasing the hydrophobicity of the paper.
  • elevating the hydrophobicity of the paper it has been possible to achieve a better printing result of black ink on the sheet through improved control of ink absorption under capillary forces into the sheet structure in both the lateral and the depth directions of the sheet. This approach has resulted in a sharply defined printing pattern and elimination of black ink spread (wicking) on the sheet.
  • ASA alkenylsuccinic acid anhydrides
  • AKD alkylketene dimers
  • alkylketene dimer sizes containing one ⁇ -lactone ring are made by dimerization from two saturated straight-chain fatty acid chlorides; the most commonly used alkylketene dimer sizes being made from palmitic and/or stearic acid.
  • Alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides, or ASA compounds are obtained as the reaction products of long-chain olefins (C 15 - C 20 ) with maleic acid anhydride.
  • a good ink-jet printability is achieved by incorporating into the paper a size based on 2-oxetanone, and made starting from one or a greater number of fatty acids having main chain comprising 6-22 carbons linked with each other by saturated bonds, and said acid(s) including at least one with a branched carbon chain.
  • EP-A2-0 666 368 relates to use of paper in high speed converting or reprographic operations.
  • the paper is made under alkaline conditions and sized with a 2-oxetanone sizing agent that is not solid at 35°C.
  • the 2-oxetanone sizing agent has irregularities in the chemical structure of one or more of its hydrocarbon chains. The irregularities in the chemical structure are selected from the group consisting of carbon-to-carbon double bonds and chain branching.
  • EP-A1-0 742 315 presents a sizing composition that is not a solid at 35 °C and comprises a mixture of 2-oxetanone compounds that are the reaction product of a mixture of fatty acids comprising about 10-85 mole % saturated fatty acid and 90-15 mole % unsaturated fatty acid.
  • these novel sizes may be made starting from fatty acids, whereby it is essential that at last one of the fatty acids have a branched carbon chain, which chains, however, contains no double bonds.
  • the length of the carbon chain in the starting material fatty acids may vary in the range from 6 to 22 carbons.
  • the invention also relates to a paper grade manufactured by treating with a size formulation according to the invention, based on 2-oxetanone manufactured from fatty acids of which at least one possesses a branched carbon chain.
  • the paper may contain alum and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC).
  • Stable emulsions of the novel sizes can be made in the same manner as standard AKD emulsions.
  • the paper grade according to the present invention is generally sized so that at least 200 g, advantageously at least 600 g, and most advantageously at least 1 kg of size is added per ton of paper.
  • the paper grade thus manufactured can be optimized for ink-jet printing, whereby it may also be used in copiers and laser printers (as a "multipurpose" paper).
  • the paper grade manufactured according to the invention is capable of serving the needs of ink-jet printing with both black and colour inks without involving the problems normally associated with ink-jet printing.
  • the paper grade according to the invention achieves a balanced compromise in the adsorption and hydrophobicity qualities of the paper so that a high-quality printing result is achieved with both black and colour inks (that is, the benefits include minimal show-through, high printing density, no wicking, no bleeding, and minimal raggedness of the printed contours when printing with a black ink or colour on colour.
  • the paper grade according to the invention is capable of meeting the requirements set for a printer paper grade in office use, and besides, serving as a "multipurpose" paper.
  • the size formulations according to the invention make it possible to attain a desirable end result in ink-jet printing with a smaller amount of size dosing than is that required with conventional AKD sizes, whereby the problems of paper machine contamination and adherence of dirt and fuzz to rolls plaguing conventional AKD sizes can be avoided.
  • One type of size formulation according to the present invention is a 2-oxetanone size made starting from isostearic acid or a mixture of fatty acids advantageously containing at least 40 % of isostearic acid or some other fatty acid with a branched carbon chain.
  • test sheets of 80 g/m 2 basis weight were first made according to standardized SCAN test methods using a circulating water sheet mould, a wet press and a drying cylinder.
  • the pulp slurry was prepared using birch/pine pulp in the ratio of 60/40, internal size starch Raisamyl 135 ESP (by Raisio Chemicals Oy) by 0.3 % of fiber weight, PCC filler by 22 % of sheet weight and retention agents by a 0.16 % overall amount of fiber weight.
  • the internal sizes were dosed into the pulp slurry by 0.06, 0.12 and 0.20 % of fiber weight.
  • the ready-made test sheets were tested in the Cobb 60 water absorption test and the Schröder ink penetration test immediately after drying, the next day prior to curing and after drying and curing.
  • the curing was performed by keeping the test sheets for 10 min at 105°C in a heat chamber.
  • the comparative size formulation in the example was a conventional AKD size (Raisafob 5105).
  • the isostearic-acid-based AKD size was dispersed in the same fashion as the conventional AKD size using cationic starch.
  • the isostearic-acid-based AKD size (50/50 ratio of branched/non-branched carbon chains) achieves a sizing quality comparable with that available by conventional sizes based on a mixture of palmitic/stearic acids.
  • AKD sizes were also evaluated in a pilot-scale paper machine running 60 m/min (4.1 kg/min) and producing fine-grade paper with a basis weight of 80 g/m 2 .
  • the pulp constituents in the pilot-scale test machine run were as follows: birch/pine pulp mixed in ratio 75/25 and beaten to a freeness of 25 °SR.
  • the filler was precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) by 22 % of paper weight.
  • the internal size starch was Raisamyl 135 (Raisio Chemicals) by 0.5 % of fiber weight and the retention agents were used by a 0.22 % overall amount of fiber weight.
  • the internal sizes were dosed into the pulp slurry by 0.15 and 0.20 % of fiber weight.
  • the surface size was Raisio Chemicals' Raisamyl 408 SP surface size starch, and it was used in a consistency of 8 % on dry weight basis.
  • the hydrophobicity of the sheet manufactured in the pilot-scale paper machine was tested by the Cobb 60 water absorption test using samples taken immediately from the Pope winder and conditioned for 10 min before the test. Additionally, the hydrophobicity of the sheet made in the pilot-scale machine was tested using roll-cured samples in both the Cobb 60 absorption test and the HST ink penetration test.
  • the HST test is based on the penetration of ink into the sheet, monitored from the reflectance of an ink spot in a given time, e.g., the time during which the reflectance falls to 80 % of its initial value.
  • the compatibility of the paper samples with ink-jet printing were tested using a commercial-grade ink-jet printer (manufactured by Hewlett-Packard).
  • the isostearic-acid-based AKD size (50/50 ratio of branched/non-branched carbon chains) achieves a hydrophobicity quality comparable with that available by conventional AKD sizes.
  • Table 3 palmitic/ stearic acid ratio 60/40 palmitic/ stearic acid ratio 40/60 isostearic-acid-based AKD size, 100 % branched chains isostearic-acid-based AKD size, 50/50 branched/ non-branched chains Dosing 0.20 % Dosing 0.20 % Dosing 0.20 % Dosing 0.20 % Dosing 0.20 % Ink-jet printing, black-and-white drying time 7 8 immediate 6 wicking 6.5 6.3 10 5.5 density 1.38 1.44 1.1 1.42 Full-colour printing bleeding 7.4 7.5 6.5 6.5 print area 50749 51850 49595 48440 print perimeter 2045 2016 1949 1905 density, black 1.24 1.28 0.98 1.27 Surface size consumption [l/min
  • the isostearic-acid-based AKD size with a 50/50 ratio of branched/non-branched carbon chains in black-and-white printing achieves an optimal balance between the parameters characterizing the raggedness of the printed contour (test pattern bleeding, wicking, area and perimeter) and size consumption.
  • the surface sizing according to the present invention is performed without using conventional hydrophobizing agents or other surface-hydrophobizing techniques.
  • An internal size according to the invention was further tested in a paper machine making fine-grade paper in an industrial scale.
  • the comparative samples of the test were made using a conventional AKD size.
  • the composition of the manufactured paper was equivalent to a typical fine-grade paper containing precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), thus being suitable for use in ink-jet printing.
  • the basis weight of the paper made in the test run was 70 g/m 2 .
  • the amount of added size of 1.3 kg/ton of paper.
  • Sheet samples taken from a number of machine rolls produced during the test run were analyzed from their top sides for hydrophobicity (Cobb 60 and HST) and parameters (wicking, bleeding and optical densities) characterizing compatibility with ink-jet printing.
  • Table 4 Sizing/measured parameter Isostearic-acid-based AKD size, 50/50 branched/non-branched carbon chains
  • Ink-jet printing black 1.84 1.4 black, combined 1.10 1.13 cyan 1.37 1.36 magenta 0.93 0.92 yellow 0.91 0.88
  • a paper grade was surface treated, for which paper already a certain degree of hydrophobicity was developed by internal sizing of the paper in the slurry stage of its manufacture.
  • the hydrophizing effect was on the level of 30 g/m 2 according to Cobb 60 .
  • the surface sizing of the paper was effected using a Helicor-device, where the paper sheet to be treated lays on a rotatable drum, and where a surface sizing starch together with a incorporated surface hydrophobizing agent can be applied using a selected blade pressure.
  • the surface sizing starch used in this example was an oxidated cationic surface starch as a 10 % solution (Raisamyl 406 SP, Raisio Chemicals Oy). This starch solution with a 10 % consistency was admixed with surface size additives in different amounts calculated on the basis of the active agent on the starch dry matter.
  • surface size additive was tested isostearine-stearine acid AKD, styrene acrylate and SMA surface size additives. Isostearine-stearine acid (i.e. branched-non-branched chain) relation in the AKD size was 1:1.
  • Raisafob P400 As styrene acrylate was used the size Raisafob P400 (Raisio Chemicals Oy). The SMA used was styrene maleic anhydride, fabricated by Raisio Chemicals and marketed under the name Raisafob D100.
  • test results are given in the following table 5, where the sizing results are given in Cobb 60 and HST-values.
  • Table 5 Surface size additive Additive amount, % of surface size Cobb 60 , g/m 2 HST (80 %), s Paper furnish 0 30,4 67 Furnish + surface size starch 0 46,6 60 Isostearic/stearic-AKD 0.5 22,4 126 1 22,4 137 2 20,4 140 4 20,0 182 Styrene acrylate 1 41,6 65 2 39,2 69 4 36,0 78 SMA 1 38,4 75 2 29,2 115 4 21,6 117
  • test results used for the evaluation of the black and white printability are given in the following table 6.
  • the paper probes were printed using a ink-jet printer of the type of Hewlett-Packard 500 C, and the optical densities of the prints were measured.
  • Table 6 ink-jet printing results, HP 560 C printer Surface size additive Additive amount, % of the surface starch
  • Black-white print Black density Colour print Combi-black density Paper furnish 0 1,33 0,98 Furnish + surface starch 0 1,58 1,26 Isostearic/stearic AKD 0,5 1,67 1,19 1 1,76 1,22 2 1,85 1,31 4 1,86 1,32 Styrene acrylate 1 1,58 1,23 2 1,60 1,25 4 1,67 1,25 SMA 1 1,74 1,27 2 1,75 1,31 4 1,80 1,30
  • the surface size additives were tested also on a pilot paper machine, where a paper grade having no preliminary surface sizing was sized using a pond size press and a film size press.
  • the paper furnish consisted of a fine paper grade with the grammage of 80 g/m 2 , and it contained 20 % of precipitated calcium carbonate as filler of the paper furnish (a common multipurpose office paper).
  • the surface size used was oxidated cationic surface size (Raisamyl 405 SP, Raisio Chemicals Oy) as a 8% consistency solution.
  • the surface size starch was admixed with different hydrophobizing surface size additives: elementary AKD (palmitic/stearic acid, 60/40 %), isostearic-stearic acid AKD (branched/non-branched, 50/50 %), styrene-acrylate (Raisafob P400, Raisio Chemicals Oy) and SMA based (styrene maleic anhydride, Raisafob D100, Raisio Chemicals Oy) surface size additives.
  • elementary AKD palmitic/stearic acid, 60/40 %)
  • isostearic-stearic acid AKD branched/non-branched, 50/50 %
  • styrene-acrylate Rostyrene-acrylate
  • SMA styrene maleic anhydride
  • the following table 7 contains the test results received on a pilot paper machine, where a film size press was used. Table 7, Sizing results using a film size press on a pilot paper machine Surface size additive Amount of the additive, % of the surface starch Cobb 60 , g/m 2 HST (80 %),s Furnish + surface size starch 0 42,3 143 Elementary AKD 0,25 25,6 255 0,50 23,8 273 1 20,3 310 2 19,2 380 Isostearic/ stearic AKD 0,25 27,8 247 0,50 25,7 251 1 22,3 239 2 20,4 285 Styrene acrylate 2 30,8 223 4 25,6 229 SMA 2 25,3 266 4 21,1 282
  • the following table 8 contains results received on ink-jet printing of paper probes, where a HP 560 C printer was used in the printing. The print results were analyzed according to a dry evaluation method. Table 8, Black and white printability in a HP 560 C printer Black and white print Colour print Surface size additive Density Wicking Drying time Density Bleeding: area Bleeding: perimeter Furnish + surface size 1,07 2,1 1 0,95 49057 1834
  • Elementary AKD 0,5 % 1,19 1,6 16 0,97 51103 2019
  • Isostearic/ stearic AKD 0,50% 1,18 1,6 7 0,97 48313 1913 Isostearic/ stearic AKD 1,0 % 1,21 1,5 13 0,98 47609 1898 Styrene acrylate 1,0 % 1,14 1,8 2 0,95 47654 1847 Styrene acrylate 2,0 % 1,14 1,7 4 0,96 47966

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  • Paper (AREA)
  • Ink Jet Recording Methods And Recording Media Thereof (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Papierqualität, die Additive, insbesondere ausgefälltes Calciumcarbonat als Füllstoff unter neutralen oder alkalischen Bedingungen enthält, bei dem in seinem Pulpe-Aufschlämmungsschritt dem Papier Schlichte auf Basis von 2-Oxetanon zugesetzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zu der Pulpeaufschlämmung Schlichte auf Basis von 2-Oxetanon zugesetzt wird, die hergestellt ist aus einem Gemisch von Fettsäuren mit einer Hauptkette, umfassend 6-22 Kohlenstoffatome, die miteinander durch gesättigte Bindungen verbunden sind, wobei zumindest eine Fettsäure eine gerade Kette und zumindest eine Fettsäure eine verzweigte Kette aufweist, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen den nicht-verzweigten und den verzweigten Fettsäuren ungefähr 1:1 ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pulpeaufschlämmung 2-Oxetanon-Schlichte in einer Menge von ungefähr 0,05 und 0,25% des Fasergewichts in der Aufschlämmung zugesetzt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzlich zur inneren Schlichte das Papier oberflächengeschlichtet wird unter Verwendung einer Schlichte, die eine Schlichte, wie im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 definiert ist, enthält.
  4. Eine Papierqualität hergestellt unter Verwendung einer der Verfahren, die in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 definiert sind.
EP98909511A 1997-03-14 1998-03-11 Mit 2-oxetanone geleimtes papier Expired - Lifetime EP0975836B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI971084A FI971084A0 (fi) 1997-03-14 1997-03-14 Foerfarande foer framstaellning av papper och papper framstaellt genom detta foerfarande
FI971084 1997-03-14
PCT/FI1998/000212 WO1998041686A1 (en) 1997-03-14 1998-03-11 Paper sized with 2-oxetanone sizing agent made from normal and branched fatty acids

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0975836A1 EP0975836A1 (de) 2000-02-02
EP0975836B1 true EP0975836B1 (de) 2012-01-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98909511A Expired - Lifetime EP0975836B1 (de) 1997-03-14 1998-03-11 Mit 2-oxetanone geleimtes papier

Country Status (19)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0975836B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3851988B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100523093B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1098394C (de)
AT (1) ATE540162T1 (de)
AU (1) AU725352B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9808335A (de)
CA (1) CA2283962C (de)
ES (1) ES2378412T3 (de)
FI (1) FI971084A0 (de)
ID (1) ID22448A (de)
NO (1) NO328510B1 (de)
NZ (1) NZ337653A (de)
PL (1) PL192636B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2198975C2 (de)
SK (1) SK285961B6 (de)
TW (1) TW405003B (de)
WO (1) WO1998041686A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA982148B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5685815A (en) * 1994-02-07 1997-11-11 Hercules Incorporated Process of using paper containing alkaline sizing agents with improved conversion capability
FI117714B (fi) 2001-04-10 2007-01-31 Ciba Sc Holding Ag Menetelmä nestepakkauskartongin massaliimauksessa, nestepakkauskartongin valmistuksessa käytettävä massaliima, nestepakkaus ja massaliiman käyttö
JP5392600B2 (ja) * 2009-02-18 2014-01-22 星光Ｐｍｃ株式会社 サイズ剤組成物
NO2768923T3 (de) * 2014-10-20 2018-05-05

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317756A (en) * 1977-08-19 1982-03-02 Hercules Incorporated Sizing composition comprising a hydrophobic cellulose-reactive sizing agent and a cationic polymer
US5846663A (en) * 1994-02-07 1998-12-08 Hercules Incorporated Method of surface sizing paper comprising surface sizing paper with 2-oxetanone ketene multimer sizing agent
US5685815A (en) * 1994-02-07 1997-11-11 Hercules Incorporated Process of using paper containing alkaline sizing agents with improved conversion capability
US5725731A (en) * 1995-05-08 1998-03-10 Hercules Incorporated 2-oxetanone sizing agents comprising saturated and unsaturated tails, paper made with the 2-oxetanone sizing agents, and use of the paper in high speed converting and reprographic operations
FR2734005B1 (fr) * 1995-05-12 1997-07-18 Roquette Freres Composition et procede pour le collage du papier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK124799A3 (en) 2000-05-16
MX9908426A (en) 2000-04-30
ZA982148B (en) 1998-09-15
RU2198975C2 (ru) 2003-02-20
KR20000076176A (ko) 2000-12-26
CN1250499A (zh) 2000-04-12
ID22448A (id) 1999-10-14
NO994439D0 (no) 1999-09-13
ES2378412T3 (es) 2012-04-12
FI971084A0 (fi) 1997-03-14
KR100523093B1 (ko) 2005-10-21
SK285961B6 (sk) 2007-12-06
PL192636B1 (pl) 2006-11-30
ATE540162T1 (de) 2012-01-15
JP3851988B2 (ja) 2006-11-29
CA2283962A1 (en) 1998-09-24
NO328510B1 (no) 2010-03-08
JP2001516294A (ja) 2001-09-25
AU6401698A (en) 1998-10-12
BR9808335A (pt) 2000-05-16
WO1998041686A1 (en) 1998-09-24
CN1098394C (zh) 2003-01-08
NO994439L (no) 1999-09-13
CA2283962C (en) 2008-05-20
NZ337653A (en) 2000-09-29
AU725352B2 (en) 2000-10-12
TW405003B (en) 2000-09-11
EP0975836A1 (de) 2000-02-02
PL335641A1 (en) 2000-05-08

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