EP0971792B1 - Nozzle, application for a nozzle and method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid - Google Patents

Nozzle, application for a nozzle and method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0971792B1
EP0971792B1 EP98925398A EP98925398A EP0971792B1 EP 0971792 B1 EP0971792 B1 EP 0971792B1 EP 98925398 A EP98925398 A EP 98925398A EP 98925398 A EP98925398 A EP 98925398A EP 0971792 B1 EP0971792 B1 EP 0971792B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
fluid
duct
channel
inlet
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EP98925398A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0971792A2 (en
Inventor
Carsten Tiemann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3478—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet the liquid flowing at least two different courses before reaching the swirl chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle for injecting a first Fluids in a second fluid, use of such Nozzle and a method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid.
  • a return injection nozzle is described in DE 32 35 080 A1, with the two opposite liquid supply lines tangential in a circular cylindrical Swirl space.
  • the swirl chamber is on the one hand an injection channel and on the other hand, a return hole connected.
  • the return injector is special for atomizing liquid fuel in Gas turbine combustors suitable. This will atomize achieves fuel tangentially into the swirl chamber flows in and is combined into a main stream, whereby by a circular guide in the swirl chamber the main flow a swirl is given that get in the injection channel remains so that the fuel jet exits the fuel fanned out conically from the injection channel. on the other hand fuel is returned via the return hole. While maintaining a constant fuel flow to the return injector, the amount of injected Fuel controlled by the amount of recycled Fuel is discontinued. An atomizer with backflow control also emerges from DD 22 076.
  • DE 196 08 349 A1 describes a pressure atomizing nozzle, in particular for a gas turbine burner.
  • This nozzle has a separate turbulence or swirl chamber.
  • the Swirl chamber stands over an orifice with an outside space in connection in which the liquid to be atomized flows.
  • the atomizer is to be atomized via a first feed channel Liquid can be supplied to the swirl chamber.
  • the first feed channel is realized through a narrow hole that creates turbulence acts. Hence the first feed channel too referred to as turbulence atomizer stage.
  • About a second Feed channel is also under liquid to be atomized Pressure and swirl can be supplied to the swirl chamber.
  • the nozzle is different Customizable operating conditions. In particular is when used in a gas turbine burner to the nominal load conditions adapted nozzle pre-pressure can be generated. Depending on The load is the spray cone angle and thus the degree of atomization customizable.
  • DE 44 40 681 C2 shows a spray nozzle, in particular for Spraying water in fire protection systems. Similar to in DE 196 08 349 A1 is also a vortex chamber in this document provided in which the water to be sprayed in front collecting the exit.
  • U.S. Patent 5,035,364 shows a device for prevention conglomerate formation of those flowing in a fluid stream Solid particles. To do this, the fluid flow is through laterally merging injection channels fluid mixed so that a vortex formation in the main stream results.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a nozzle for injection specify first fluid in a second fluid. Further tasks are to use such a nozzle as well Method for injecting a first fluid into a second Specify fluid.
  • a center line of a channel is to be understood as the line resulting from the totality of the focal points of each cross-sectional area of the channel results.
  • a tangent to the second center line at the mouth is the tangent to the second center line in that Point at which the second center line from the muzzle is cut.
  • the mouth area is the area that through the edge of the wall of the second ending at the mouth Channel is included.
  • the expression "connected in parallel in terms of flow technology" is in Analogy to see an electrical circuit.
  • the first Channel corresponds to one electrical line
  • the second one electrical line corresponding to the second channel up to an interconnection of the two lines connected in parallel is.
  • the first and second channels serve before the Mouth of the leadership of separate partial streams of the first Fluids that are pooled at the mouth. These partial flows correspond to electrical currents through the two lines before interconnection.
  • the nozzle body is preferably directed along a nozzle axis, the first channel running along the nozzle axis.
  • the center line of the first channel coincides with the Nozzle axis together. So that is a flowing in the first channel Fluid flow is a straight flow with a high momentum in the direction of flow.
  • the first channel further preferably has a main cross-sectional area and the second channel is a minor cross-sectional area that is smaller than the main cross-sectional area.
  • a lower mass flow flows in the second channel of the first fluid than in the first channel.
  • the mouth preferably has a largest mouth diameter, the first channel being located downstream of the mouth extends at least such a length that a partial flow of the first fluid in the first channel with a partial flow the first fluid from the second channel into a single one, main stream that does not split when exiting the nozzle united, but at most over a length over which a Twist of the main stream is still preserved, especially over a length of three to four times the largest mouth diameter.
  • the first channel more preferably has an approximately circular shape Cross section on, with the second channel essentially opens tangentially into the first channel.
  • Tangential means that it is in one that divides the mouth, perpendicular to the first Centerline level is a common tangent to the surface of the first and second channels. A such a tangential confluence causes a particularly large one Swirl transmission to a partial flow flowing in the first channel of the first fluid.
  • a third channel preferably opens into the first channel at an additional mouth, the additional mouth with respect to the Center line of the first channel opposite the mouth.
  • the direction of flow is one in the third channel flowing partial flow of the first fluid of the flow direction a partial flow of the first flowing in the second channel Fluids roughly opposite.
  • Another so arranged Channel increases the twist transfer to one in the first channel flowing fluid flow and leads to a more even distribution of the first fluid over the perimeter of the outlet of the first fluid from the nozzle forming spray cone.
  • Each channel is further preferred as a circularly symmetrical bore executed.
  • the nozzle body preferably has an outer surface on, which is at least partially designed as a thread is. A nozzle body designed in this way enables a simple one Installation of the nozzle e.g. into a burner by simple Screw in the nozzle body.
  • the nozzle is preferably used to inject fuel in combustion air in a burner, especially in a Premix burner of a gas turbine used. It is first fluid fuel and the second fluid combustion air.
  • a premix burner is particularly characterized by that fuel and combustion air are mixed first and only then are they incinerated. The principle of one Premix burner is described in the article "Progress in Nox and CO Emission Reduction of Gas Turbines ", H. Maghon, P. Berenbrink, H. Termühlen and G. Gartner, ASME / IEEE Power Generations Conference, Boston 1990, whereupon explicitly Reference is made.
  • the first partial stream and the second are preferred Partial flow at an angle between 5 ° and 90 °, in particular between 35 ° and 55 °.
  • the first fluid is preferably fuel and the second fluid Combustion air, the fuel in a nozzle of a Burner, in particular a premix burner of a gas turbine, is guided and injected into the combustion air.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a in an air duct 12 of a premix burner, not shown built-in nozzle 1 shown.
  • the air duct 12 is not shown to scale.
  • a nozzle body 2 is along directed an axis 2a and consists of a cylindrical Head part 2b with an end face 2e and a likewise cylindrical, screw part 2c with the same length External thread 7, with which the nozzle 1 in a wall 12b of the air duct 12 is screwed in and an end face 2d.
  • the Screw part 2c has approximately 2/3 of the diameter of the Head part 2b.
  • the screw part 2c connects to one Foot surface 2f of the head part 2b to the head part 2b.
  • the thread 7 faces each other with respect to axis 2a Slots 7a, 7b.
  • the slots 7a, 7b extend each parallel to the axis 2a from the end face 2d of the Screw part 2c up to about 4/5 of the length of the screw part 2c.
  • the head part 2b has a hexagonal cross section, hereinafter referred to as hexagon socket 6 along the axis 2a with about half the diameter of the Diameter of the head part 2b.
  • the hexagon socket 6 extends about 2/3 of the length of the Head part 2b and serves to engage a screw-in tool the nozzle 1 in the wall 12b of the air duct 12.
  • An the hexagon socket 6 closes in a circular cross section first channel 3 along axis 2a with a diameter 3b of approximately 1/8 of the diameter of the head part 2b on.
  • the first channel 3 extends with this diameter 3b into the screw part 2c and then tapers over a short distance by about 2/3 to one Diameter 3c.
  • the first channel 3 leads through the screw part 2c along the axis 2a to the end face 2d of the Screw part 2c.
  • the first channel 3 has a first center line 3a, which coincides with the axis 2a.
  • cross-sectionally circular channel 4 extends at an angle ⁇ (see FIG.
  • the second channel 4 is directed along a second center line 4a.
  • the second Center line 4a has a tangent 4b at the mouth, which coincides with the second center line 4a, since the second center line 4a is a straight line.
  • the tangent 4b is from the first center line 3a with the distance a (see FIG. 2) spaced.
  • the third channel 4 ' is with respect to axis 2a arranged symmetrically to the second channel 4.
  • the third center line 4a ' has a tangent 4b' at the additional mouth 5 ' on, which coincides with the third center line 4a 'and to first center line 3a spaced apart by the distance a (see FIG. 2) is.
  • the nozzle 1 opens into a perpendicular to the axis 2a directional air duct 12 with an air duct width 12a.
  • Burners e.g. in a premix burner of a gas turbine, flows through fuel 10 from the end face 2d of the screw part 2c the first channel 3 to the front side 2e of the Headboard 2b. There the fuel 10 emerges as a fuel jet 10d in the air duct 12, in the combustion air 11 approximately perpendicular to the direction of the fuel jet flows. Partial streams 10b of the fuel 10 are on the Slots 7a and 7b of the second channel 4 and the third channel, respectively 4 'supplied. At the mouth 5 or at the additional mouth 5 ' this partial stream 10b enters the first channel 3, in the Partial stream 10a of fuel 10 flows eccentrically. The partial streams 10b and 10a become a main stream 10c united.
  • the main flow 10c imprinted a twist.
  • the twisted, united Main stream 10c emerges from the nozzle as a fuel jet 10d 1 and fans out by the swirl, but still has such a large impulse in the main flow direction that the fuel jet 10d over almost the entire width 12a of the Air duct 12 extends. This results in good mixing of fuel 10 and combustion air 11 almost the entire air duct width 12a.
  • the screw part 2c is opposite the air duct 12 on the foot side 2f of the head part 2b sealed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the nozzle 1 from FIG. 1 shown on a scale twice as large.
  • the second channel flows tangentially into the first channel 3 Channel 4 and the third channel 4 '.
  • the second center line 4a of the second channel 4 has a tangent 4b at the mouth 5 and the third center line 4a 'of the third channel 4' on the Mouth 5 'a tangent 4b', each with the center lines 4a and 4a 'coincide, since these are straight lines.
  • the Tangents 4b and 4b ' are at a distance a from the center line 3a of the channel 3 spaced.
  • the first channel 3 is the partial flow 10a of the fuel flowing in the first channel 3 10 through each of the second channel 4 and the third Channel 4 ′ incoming partial flows 10b of the fuel 10 a swirl issued.
  • the pulse of the partial flow 10a of fuel 10 in the first channel 3 along the center line 3a essentially retained.
  • the combined main stream 10c is still guided over a length 5b of the first channel 3 a split into two partial jets when the fuel emerges 10 to avoid from the first channel 3.
  • the main stream 10c combined in channel 3 as a fuel jet 10d far into the combustion air 11, so that the Fuel jet 10d over almost the entire width 12a of the Air duct extends. Combustion air can therefore flow over a large distance 11 are mixed with fuel 10.
  • the one Main flow 10c given swirl leads to a conical Fanning out the fuel jet emerging from the nozzle 1 10d and thus to a fine distribution of fuel 10th
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a nozzle 1 in a side view.
  • the nozzle 1 is apart from another Fuel supply to the channels 4 and 4 'identical to that Nozzle 1 from FIG. 1.
  • Two blind holes parallel to the first channel 3 9 and 9 'in the screw part 2c extend in each case from the end face 2d of the screw part 2c almost the entire length of the screw part 2c, the blind hole 9 the second channel 4 and the blind hole 9 ' intersects the third channel 4 '.
  • the channels 4 and 4 ' Fuel 10 is supplied via the blind hole 9 or 9 '.

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  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a nozzle (1) for injecting a first fluid (10), especially fuel, into a second fluid (11), especially combustion air. The first fluid (10) is guided by two channels (3, 4) in the nozzle, one of said channels (4) flowing eccentrically into the other channel (3) so as to produce a swirled main flow (10c) which is then able to penetrate far into the second fluid (11). The swirl causes the injected, first fluid (10) to fan out, and thus become finely divided. The invention also relates to an application for a nozzle of this type (1) in a premix burner of a gas turbine, and to a corresponding method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Düse zur Eindüsung eines ersten Fluids in ein zweites Fluid, eine Verwendung einer solchen Düse und ein Verfahren zur Eindüsung eines ersten Fluids in ein zweites Fluid.The invention relates to a nozzle for injecting a first Fluids in a second fluid, use of such Nozzle and a method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid.

In der DE 32 35 080 A1 ist eine Rücklaufeinspritzdüse beschrieben, bei der zwei einander entgegengesetzte Flüssigkeitszuführungen tangential in einen kreiszylindrischen Drallraum münden. Mit dem Drallraum ist einerseits ein Einspritzkanal und entgegengesetzt dazu andererseits eine Rücklaufbohrung verbunden. Die Rücklaufeinspritzdüse ist insbesondere für die Zerstäubung von flüssigem Brennstoff in Gasturbinenbrennkammern geeignet. Eine Zerstäubung wird dadurch erreicht, daß tangential in die Drallkammer Brennstoff einströmt und zu einem Hauptstrom vereinigt wird, wobei durch eine kreisförmige Führung in der Drallkammer dem Hauptstrom ein Drall erteilt wird, der im Einspritzkanal erhalten bleibt, so daß der Brennstoffstrahl beim Austritt des Brennstoffs aus dem Einspritzkanal kegelförmig auffächert. Andererseits wird Brennstoff über die Rücklaufbohrung zurückgeführt. Unter Beibehaltung eines konstanten Brennstoffzustromes zur Rücklaufeinspritzdüse wird die Menge von eingespritztem Brennstoff dadurch gesteuert, daß die Menge an zurückgeführtem Brennstoff eingestellt wird. Ein Zerstäuber mit Rücklaufregelung geht ebenfalls hervor aus der DD 22 076.A return injection nozzle is described in DE 32 35 080 A1, with the two opposite liquid supply lines tangential in a circular cylindrical Swirl space. The swirl chamber is on the one hand an injection channel and on the other hand, a return hole connected. The return injector is special for atomizing liquid fuel in Gas turbine combustors suitable. This will atomize achieves fuel tangentially into the swirl chamber flows in and is combined into a main stream, whereby by a circular guide in the swirl chamber the main flow a swirl is given that get in the injection channel remains so that the fuel jet exits the fuel fanned out conically from the injection channel. on the other hand fuel is returned via the return hole. While maintaining a constant fuel flow to the return injector, the amount of injected Fuel controlled by the amount of recycled Fuel is discontinued. An atomizer with backflow control also emerges from DD 22 076.

In der DE 196 08 349 A1 ist eine Druckzerstäuberdüse, insbesondere für einen Gasturbinenbrenner, beschrieben. Diese Düse weist eine separate Turbulenz- oder Drallkammer auf. Die Drallkammer steht über eine Düsenbohrung mit einem Außenraum in Verbindung, in welchen die zu zerstäubende Flüssigkeit ausströmt. Über einen ersten Zufuhrkanal ist die zu zerstäubende Flüssigkeit der Drallkammer zuführbar. Der erste Zufuhrkanal ist durch eine enge Bohrung realisiert, die turbulenzerzeugend wirkt. Mithin wird der erste Zufuhrkanal auch als Turbulenzzerstäuberstufe bezeichnet. Über einen zweiten Zufuhrkanal ist ebenfalls zu zerstäubende Flüssigkeit unter Druck und mit Drall der Drallkammer zuführbar. Durch eine Anpassung der durch den ersten bzw. durch den zweiten Kanal strömende Flüssigkeitsmassenströme ist die Düse an unterschiedliche Betriebsbedingungen anpassbar. Insbesondere ist beim Einsatz in einem Gasturbinenbrenner ein auf die Nennlastbedingungen angepaßter Düsenvordruck erzeugbar. Je nach Last ist der Spraykegelwinkel und damit der Grad der Zerstäubung anpassbar.DE 196 08 349 A1 describes a pressure atomizing nozzle, in particular for a gas turbine burner. This nozzle has a separate turbulence or swirl chamber. The Swirl chamber stands over an orifice with an outside space in connection in which the liquid to be atomized flows. The atomizer is to be atomized via a first feed channel Liquid can be supplied to the swirl chamber. The first feed channel is realized through a narrow hole that creates turbulence acts. Hence the first feed channel too referred to as turbulence atomizer stage. About a second Feed channel is also under liquid to be atomized Pressure and swirl can be supplied to the swirl chamber. Through an adjustment through the first or through the second channel flowing liquid mass flows, the nozzle is different Customizable operating conditions. In particular is when used in a gas turbine burner to the nominal load conditions adapted nozzle pre-pressure can be generated. Depending on The load is the spray cone angle and thus the degree of atomization customizable.

Die DE 44 40 681 C2 zeigt eine Sprühdüse, insbesondere zum Versprühen von Wasser in Brandschutzanlagen. Ähnlich wie in der DE 196 08 349 A1 ist auch in dieser Schrift eine Wirbelkammer vorgesehen, in der sich das zu versprühende Wasser vor dem Austritt sammelt.DE 44 40 681 C2 shows a spray nozzle, in particular for Spraying water in fire protection systems. Similar to in DE 196 08 349 A1 is also a vortex chamber in this document provided in which the water to be sprayed in front collecting the exit.

Die US-PS 5,035,364 zeigt eine Einrichtung zur Verhinderung einer Konglomeratbildung von in einem Fluidstrom strömenden Festkörperteilchen. Dazu wird dem Fluidstrom durch seitlich einmündende Injektionskanäle Fluid so beigemischt, daß sich eine Wirbelbildung im Hauptstrom ergibt.U.S. Patent 5,035,364 shows a device for prevention conglomerate formation of those flowing in a fluid stream Solid particles. To do this, the fluid flow is through laterally merging injection channels fluid mixed so that a vortex formation in the main stream results.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Düse zur Eindüsung eines ersten Fluids in ein zweites Fluid anzugeben. Weitere Aufgaben sind es, eine Verwendung einer solchen Düse sowie ein Verfahren zur Eindüsung eines ersten Fluids in ein zweites Fluid anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a nozzle for injection specify first fluid in a second fluid. Further tasks are to use such a nozzle as well Method for injecting a first fluid into a second Specify fluid.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die auf eine Düse zur Eindüsung eines ersten Fluids in ein zweites Fluid gerichtete Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. According to the invention on a nozzle for injecting a first fluid in a second fluid task solved by the features of claim 1.

Unter einer Mittellinie eines Kanals ist die Linie zu verstehen, die sich aus der Gesamtheit der Schwerpunkte jeder Querschnittsfläche des Kanals ergibt.A center line of a channel is to be understood as the line resulting from the totality of the focal points of each cross-sectional area of the channel results.

Eine an der Mündung liegende Tangente an die zweite Mittellinie ist die Tangente an die zweite Mittellinie in jenem Punkt, in dem die zweite Mittellinie von der Mündungsfläche geschnitten wird. Die Mündungsfläche ist die Fläche, die durch den Rand der an der Mündung endenden Wand des zweiten Kanals eingeschlossen ist.A tangent to the second center line at the mouth is the tangent to the second center line in that Point at which the second center line from the muzzle is cut. The mouth area is the area that through the edge of the wall of the second ending at the mouth Channel is included.

Der Ausdruck "strömungstechnisch parallel geschaltet" ist in Analogie zu einer elektrischen Schaltung zu sehen. Der erste Kanal entspricht einer elektrischen Leitung, der eine zweite elektrische Leitung, die dem zweiten Kanal entspricht, bis zu einer Zusammenschaltung der beiden Leitungen parallel geschaltet ist. Der erste und der zweite Kanal dienen vor der Mündung der Führung voneinander getrennter Teilströme des ersten Fluids, die an der Mündung vereinigt werden. Diese Teilströme entsprechen elektrischen Strömen durch die beiden Leitungen vor ihrer Zusammenschaltung.The expression "connected in parallel in terms of flow technology" is in Analogy to see an electrical circuit. The first Channel corresponds to one electrical line, the second one electrical line corresponding to the second channel up to an interconnection of the two lines connected in parallel is. The first and second channels serve before the Mouth of the leadership of separate partial streams of the first Fluids that are pooled at the mouth. These partial flows correspond to electrical currents through the two lines before interconnection.

Dadurch, daß die an der Mündung liegende Tangente der zweiten Mittellinie von der ersten Mittellinie beabstandet ist, ergibt sich eine exzentrische Einmündung des zweiten Kanals in den ersten Kanal. Mit einer solchen Düse wird einem im ersten Kanal strömenden Fluidstrom durch die zum ersten Kanal exzentrische Einmündung eines im zweiten Kanal strömenden Fluidstroms ein Drall aufgeprägt. Dem im ersten Kanal strömenden Fluidstrom wird also zusätzlich zu seinem in Strömungsrichtung gerichteten Impuls ein Drehimpuls erteilt. Bei einem Austritt des so drallbehafteten Fluidstroms aus der Düse fächert der Fluidstrom kegelförmig auf. Dabei wird die aus dem Impuls in Hauptströmungsrichtung resultierende Wurfweite des Strahls im wesentlichen beibehalten. Die Wurfweite ist jene Länge, die der Strahl maximal in seiner beim Austritt aus der Düse weisenden Hauptströmungsrichtung vom Düsenaustritt zurücklegt. Durch die im wesentlichen beibehaltene Wurfweite und durch die gleichzeitige Strahlauffächerung durch den Drall ist es insbesondere möglich, eine gute Durchmischung des ersten Fluids mit dem zweiten Fluid über die gesamte Wurfweite zu erhalten. Dies ist insbesondere bei einer Eindüsung von Brennstoff als erstem Fluid in Verbrennungsluft als zweitem Fluid von Bedeutung. Eine solche Eindüsung wird beispielsweise bei einem Brenner einer Gasturbine benutzt. Eine feine Verteilung von Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft ergibt eine gleichmäßige Verbrennungstemperatur und damit geringe Stickoxidbildung.Because the tangent to the mouth of the second Center line spaced from the first center line results there is an eccentric junction of the second channel the first channel. With such a nozzle you will be in the first Channel flowing fluid flow through the eccentric to the first channel Opening of a fluid stream flowing in the second channel a twist imprinted. The one flowing in the first channel Fluid flow is thus in addition to its in the flow direction directional impulse gives an angular momentum. At a Fan fluid flow thus swirled out of the nozzle the fluid flow is conical. The is from Impulse in the main flow direction resulting throw of the Maintain beam. The throw distance is that The maximum length of the beam when it emerges from the The main flow direction from the nozzle outlet. Due to the essentially retained throw range and through the simultaneous beam spreading through the Twist it is particularly possible to mix well of the first fluid with the second fluid over the entire Get throw range. This is particularly the case with injection of fuel as the first fluid in combustion air important as a second fluid. Such an injection will used for example in a burner of a gas turbine. A fine distribution of fuel and combustion air results a uniform combustion temperature and therefore low Nitrogen oxide formation.

Bevorzugt ist der Düsenkörper entlang einer Düsenachse gerichtet, wobei der erste Kanal entlang der Düsenachse führt. Insbesondere fällt die Mittellinie des ersten Kanals mit der Düsenachse zusammen. Damit ist ein im ersten Kanal strömender Fluidstrom ein gerade gerichteter Strom mit einem hohen Impuls in Strömungsrichtung.The nozzle body is preferably directed along a nozzle axis, the first channel running along the nozzle axis. In particular, the center line of the first channel coincides with the Nozzle axis together. So that is a flowing in the first channel Fluid flow is a straight flow with a high momentum in the direction of flow.

Weiter bevorzugt weist der erste Kanal eine Hauptquerschnittsfläche und der zweite Kanal eine Nebenquerschnittsfläche auf, die kleiner als die Hauptquerschnittsfläche ist. Dadurch fließt im zweiten Kanal ein geringerer Massenstrom des ersten Fluids als im ersten Kanal. Damit wird der Impuls des im ersten Kanal fließenden Teilstroms des ersten Fluids auch bei einer Einmündung eines im zweiten Kanal strömenden Teilstroms des ersten Fluids im wesentlichen beibehalten, wodurch die erzielbare Wurfweite im wesentlichen erhalten wird. The first channel further preferably has a main cross-sectional area and the second channel is a minor cross-sectional area that is smaller than the main cross-sectional area. As a result, a lower mass flow flows in the second channel of the first fluid than in the first channel. With that the impulse of the partial flow of the first fluid flowing in the first channel also at a junction with a flowing in the second channel Maintain partial flow of the first fluid, whereby the achievable throw range is essentially obtained.

Bevorzugt die Mündung einen größten Mündungsdurchmesser aufweist, wobei sich der erste Kanal stromab der Mündung über mindestens eine solche Länge erstreckt, daß sich ein Teilstrom des ersten Fluids im ersten Kanal mit einem Teilstrom des ersten Fluids aus dem zweiten Kanal zu einem einzigen, sich beim Austritt aus der Düse nicht aufspaltenden, Hauptstrom vereinigt, höchstens aber über eine Länge, über die ein Drall des Hauptstromes noch erhalten bleibt, insbesondere über eine Länge von dem drei- bis vierfachen des größten Mündungsdurchmessers.The mouth preferably has a largest mouth diameter, the first channel being located downstream of the mouth extends at least such a length that a partial flow of the first fluid in the first channel with a partial flow the first fluid from the second channel into a single one, main stream that does not split when exiting the nozzle united, but at most over a length over which a Twist of the main stream is still preserved, especially over a length of three to four times the largest mouth diameter.

Es wird so einerseits erreicht, daß sich bei Austritt des ersten Fluids aus der Düse nur ein einziger, kegelförmig auffächender Strahl ergibt, daß also keine Aufspaltung in zwei getrennte Teilstrahlen erfolgt. Andererseits bleibt der an der Mündung dem Hauptstrom erteilte Drall erhalten, daß heißt der Drall wird nicht durch eine Führung in einem zu langen Kanal abgebaut.It is achieved on the one hand that when the first Fluids from the nozzle only a single, conical fan Ray shows that there is therefore no split into two separate ones Partial beams occur. On the other hand, it stays on Received the swirl given to the main stream, that is the Twist is not caused by a guide in a channel that is too long reduced.

Bevorzugtermaßen schließt der mit dem zweiten Kanal parallel geschaltete erste Kanal an der Mündung mit dem zweiten Kanal einen Winkel zwischen 5° und 90°, insbesondere zwischen 35° und 55°, ein. Durch einen solchen Einströmwinkel wird besonders gut einerseits ein Drall auf einen im ersten Kanal strömenden Teilstrom des ersten Fluids erteilt. Andererseits wird gleichzeitig ein in Strömungsrichtung des im zweiten Kanal strömenden zweiten Teilstroms des ersten Fluids gerichteter Impuls übertragen, so daß sich an der Mündung nur ein geringer zusätzlicher, aus der Vereinigung der Teilströme resultierender Strömungswiderstand ergibt.It preferably closes in parallel with the second channel switched first channel at the mouth with the second channel an angle between 5 ° and 90 °, in particular between 35 ° and 55 °, a. Such an inflow angle makes it special well, on the one hand, a swirl on one flowing in the first channel Partial flow of the first fluid issued. On the other hand at the same time in the flow direction of the in the second channel flowing second partial flow of the first fluid directed Impulse transmitted so that there is only a small at the mouth additional, resulting from the union of the partial flows Flow resistance results.

Weiter bevorzugt weist der erste Kanal einen ungefähr kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf, wobei der zweite Kanal im wesentlichen tangential in den ersten Kanal mündet. Tangential bedeutet, daß es in einer die Mündung teilenden, senkrecht zur ersten Mittellinie gerichteten Ebene eine gemeinsame Tangente an die Oberfläche des ersten und zweiten Kanals gibt. Eine solche tangentiale Einmündung verursacht eine besonders große Drallübertragung auf einen im ersten Kanal strömenden Teilstrom des ersten Fluids.The first channel more preferably has an approximately circular shape Cross section on, with the second channel essentially opens tangentially into the first channel. Tangential means that it is in one that divides the mouth, perpendicular to the first Centerline level is a common tangent to the surface of the first and second channels. A such a tangential confluence causes a particularly large one Swirl transmission to a partial flow flowing in the first channel of the first fluid.

Bevorzugtermaßen mündet ein dritter Kanal in den ersten Kanal an einer Zusatzmündung, wobei die Zusatzmündung bezüglich der Mittellinie des ersten Kanals der Mündung gegenüberliegt. Insbesondere ist die Strömungsrichtung eines im dritten Kanal strömenden Teilstromes des ersten Fluids der Strömungsrichtung eines im zweiten Kanal strömenden Teilstromes des ersten Fluids ungefähr entgegengesetzt. Ein so angeordneter weiterer Kanal erhöht den Drallübertrag auf einen im ersten Kanal strömenden Fluidstrom und führt zu einer gleichmäßigeren Verteilung des ersten Fluids über den Umfang des sich beim Austritt des ersten Fluids aus der Düse ausbildenden Spritzkegels.A third channel preferably opens into the first channel at an additional mouth, the additional mouth with respect to the Center line of the first channel opposite the mouth. In particular, the direction of flow is one in the third channel flowing partial flow of the first fluid of the flow direction a partial flow of the first flowing in the second channel Fluids roughly opposite. Another so arranged Channel increases the twist transfer to one in the first channel flowing fluid flow and leads to a more even distribution of the first fluid over the perimeter of the outlet of the first fluid from the nozzle forming spray cone.

Weiter bevorzugt ist jeder Kanal als kreissymmetrische Bohrung ausgeführt. Bevorzugt weist der Düsenkörper eine Außenfläche auf, die zumindest teilweise als ein Gewinde ausgebildet ist. Ein so gestalteter Düsenkörper ermöglicht einen einfachen Einbau der Düse z.B. in einen Brenner durch einfaches Einschrauben des Düsenkörpers.Each channel is further preferred as a circularly symmetrical bore executed. The nozzle body preferably has an outer surface on, which is at least partially designed as a thread is. A nozzle body designed in this way enables a simple one Installation of the nozzle e.g. into a burner by simple Screw in the nozzle body.

Bevorzugtermaßen wird die Düse zur Eindüsung von Brennstoff in Verbrennungsluft in einem Brenner, insbesondere in einem Vormischbrenner einer Gasturbine, eingesetzt. Dabei ist das erste Fluid Brennstoff und das zweite Fluid Verbrennungsluft. Ein Vormischbrenner zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, daß Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft zunächst gemischt und erst dann einer Verbrennung zugeführt werden. Das Prinzip eines Vormischbrenners ist beschrieben in dem Artikel "Progress in Nox and CO Emission Reduction of Gas Turbines", H. Maghon, P. Berenbrink, H. Termühlen und G. Gartner, ASME/IEEE Power Generations Conference, Boston 1990, worauf hiermit explizit Bezug genommen wird. The nozzle is preferably used to inject fuel in combustion air in a burner, especially in a Premix burner of a gas turbine used. It is first fluid fuel and the second fluid combustion air. A premix burner is particularly characterized by that fuel and combustion air are mixed first and only then are they incinerated. The principle of one Premix burner is described in the article "Progress in Nox and CO Emission Reduction of Gas Turbines ", H. Maghon, P. Berenbrink, H. Termühlen and G. Gartner, ASME / IEEE Power Generations Conference, Boston 1990, whereupon explicitly Reference is made.

Die auf ein Verfahren gerichtete Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 11.The object directed to a method is achieved according to the invention solved by a method according to the features of claim 11.

Eine solche Zusammenführung zweier Teilströme resultiert in einem drallbehafteten Hauptstrom. Ein solcher Drall bewirkt, wie oben bereits näher erläutert, eine Auffächerung des aus der Düse austretenden Hauptstroms. Diese Auffächerung führt wiederum zu einer guten Durchmischung des ersten Fluids mit dem zweiten Fluid.Such a combination of two partial flows results in a swirling main stream. Such a twist causes as already explained in more detail, a fanning out of the main stream emerging from the nozzle. This fanning out leads again with thorough mixing of the first fluid the second fluid.

Bevorzugtermaßen werden der erste Teilstrom und der zweite Teilstrom unter einem Winkel zwischen 5° und 90° , insbesondere zwischen 35° und 55°, zusammengeführt.The first partial stream and the second are preferred Partial flow at an angle between 5 ° and 90 °, in particular between 35 ° and 55 °.

Eine solche Vereinigung zweier Teilströme bewirkt, daß ein großer Impuls in Strömungsrichtung der zusammengeführten Teilströme beibehalten wird.Such a combination of two partial streams causes one great momentum in the flow direction of the merged Partial flows is maintained.

Bevorzugt ist das erste Fluid Brennstoff und das zweite Fluid Verbrennungsluft, wobei der Brennstoff in einer Düse eines Brenners, insbesondere eines Vormischbrenners einer Gasturbine, geführt und in die Verbrennungsluft eingedüst wird.The first fluid is preferably fuel and the second fluid Combustion air, the fuel in a nozzle of a Burner, in particular a premix burner of a gas turbine, is guided and injected into the combustion air.

Die Düse und das Verfahren werden anhand der Zeichnung beispielhaft näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

FIG 1
eine Seitenansicht einer Düse im Luftkanal eines Vormischbrenners,
FIG 2
einen Querschnitt durch die Düse aus Figur 1 und
FIG 3
eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausgestaltung einer Düse.
The nozzle and the method are explained in more detail using the drawing as an example. Show it:
FIG. 1
a side view of a nozzle in the air duct of a premix burner,
FIG 2
a cross section through the nozzle of Figure 1 and
FIG 3
a side view of another embodiment of a nozzle.

Gleiche Bezugszeichen haben in den verschiedenen Figuren die gleiche Bedeutung. In Figur 1 ist eine Seitenansicht einer in einem Luftkanal 12 eines nicht weiter dargestellten Vormischbrenners eingebauten Düse 1 abgebildet. Der Luftkanal 12 ist nicht maßstäblich abgebildet. Ein Düsenkörper 2 ist entlang einer Achse 2a gerichtet und besteht aus einem zylindrischen Kopfteil 2b mit einer Stirnseite 2e und einem ebenfalls zylindrischen, etwa gleich langen Schraubenteil 2c mit einem Außengewinde 7, mit dem die Düse 1 in eine Wand 12b des Luftkanals 12 eingeschraubt ist und einer Stirnseite 2d. Das Schraubenteil 2c weist ungefähr 2/3 des Durchmessers des Kopfteils 2b auf. Das Schraubenteil 2c schließt sich an einer Fußfläche 2f des Kopfteils 2b an das Kopfteil 2b an. Das Gewinde 7 weist einander bezüglich der Achse 2a gegenüberliegende Schlitze 7a, 7b auf. Die Schlitze 7a, 7b erstrecken sich jeweils parallel zur Achse 2a von der Stirnseite 2d des Schraubenteils 2c bis über ca. 4/5 der Länge des Schraubenteils 2c. Das Kopfteil 2b weist eine im Querschnitt sechsekkige, im folgenden als Innensechskant 6 bezeichnete Vertiefung entlang der Achse 2a mit etwa dem halben Durchmesser des Durchmessers des Kopfteils 2b auf. Der Innensechskant 6 erstreckt sich in seiner Tiefe etwa über 2/3 der Länge des Kopfteils 2b und dient dem Eingriff eines Werkzeugs zum Einschrauben der Düse 1 in die Wand 12b des Luftkanals 12. An den Innensechskant 6 schließt sich ein im Querschnitt kreisförmiger erster Kanal 3 entlang der Achse 2a mit einem Durchmesser 3b von ungefähr 1/8 des Durchmessers des Kopfteils 2b an. Der erste Kanal 3 erstreckt sich mit diesem Durchmesser 3b bis in das Schraubenteil 2c hinein und verjüngt sich anschließend auf einer kurzen Strecke um ungefähr 2/3 auf einen Durchmesser 3c. Der erste Kanal 3 führt durch das Schraubenteil 2c entlang der Achse 2a bis zur Stirnseite 2d des Schraubenteiles 2c. Der erste Kanal 3 weist eine erste Mittellinie 3a auf, die mit der Achse 2a zusammenfällt. Ein zweiter, im Querschnitt kreisförmiger Kanal 4 erstreckt sich unter einem Winkel α (s. Fig. 3) zur Achse 2a durch das Schraubenteil 2c von dem Schlitz 7a bei etwa der Hälfte der Länge des Schraubenteils 2c bis zur Fußseite 2f des Kopfteiles 2b. Hier mündet er an einer Mündung 5 in den ersten Kanal 3, der dort den Durchmesser 3b aufweist. Der zweite Kanal 4 ist entlang einer zweiten Mittellinie 4a gerichtet. Die zweite Mittellinie 4a weist an der Mündung eine Tangente 4b auf, die mit der zweiten Mittellinie 4a zusammenfällt, da die zweite Mittellinie 4a eine Gerade ist. Die Tangente 4b ist von der ersten Mittellinie 3a mit dem Abstand a (s. Fig. 2) beabstandet. Ein dritter, im Querschnitt kreisförmiger Kanal 4' erstreckt sich vom Schlitz 7b entlang einer dritten Mittellinie 4a', und mündet an einer Zusatzmündung 5' in den ersten Kanal 3. Der dritte Kanal 4' ist bezüglich der Achse 2a symmetrisch zum zweiten Kanal 4 angeordnet. Die dritte Mittellinie 4a' weist an der Zusatzmündung 5' eine Tangente 4b' auf, die mit der dritten Mittelinie 4a' zusammenfällt und zur ersten Mittellinie 3a mit dem Abstand a (s. Fig. 2) beabstandet ist. Die Düse 1 mündet in einen senkrecht zur Achse 2a gerichteten Luftkanal 12 mit einer Luftkanalbreite 12a.The same reference numerals have in the different figures same meaning. In Figure 1 is a side view of a in an air duct 12 of a premix burner, not shown built-in nozzle 1 shown. The air duct 12 is not shown to scale. A nozzle body 2 is along directed an axis 2a and consists of a cylindrical Head part 2b with an end face 2e and a likewise cylindrical, screw part 2c with the same length External thread 7, with which the nozzle 1 in a wall 12b of the air duct 12 is screwed in and an end face 2d. The Screw part 2c has approximately 2/3 of the diameter of the Head part 2b. The screw part 2c connects to one Foot surface 2f of the head part 2b to the head part 2b. The thread 7 faces each other with respect to axis 2a Slots 7a, 7b. The slots 7a, 7b extend each parallel to the axis 2a from the end face 2d of the Screw part 2c up to about 4/5 of the length of the screw part 2c. The head part 2b has a hexagonal cross section, hereinafter referred to as hexagon socket 6 along the axis 2a with about half the diameter of the Diameter of the head part 2b. The hexagon socket 6 extends about 2/3 of the length of the Head part 2b and serves to engage a screw-in tool the nozzle 1 in the wall 12b of the air duct 12. An the hexagon socket 6 closes in a circular cross section first channel 3 along axis 2a with a diameter 3b of approximately 1/8 of the diameter of the head part 2b on. The first channel 3 extends with this diameter 3b into the screw part 2c and then tapers over a short distance by about 2/3 to one Diameter 3c. The first channel 3 leads through the screw part 2c along the axis 2a to the end face 2d of the Screw part 2c. The first channel 3 has a first center line 3a, which coincides with the axis 2a. On second, cross-sectionally circular channel 4 extends at an angle α (see FIG. 3) to the axis 2a through the Screw part 2c from the slot 7a at about half the Length of the screw part 2c to the foot side 2f of the head part 2 B. Here it opens into the first channel at a mouth 5 3, which has the diameter 3b there. The second channel 4 is directed along a second center line 4a. The second Center line 4a has a tangent 4b at the mouth, which coincides with the second center line 4a, since the second center line 4a is a straight line. The tangent 4b is from the first center line 3a with the distance a (see FIG. 2) spaced. A third channel with a circular cross-section 4 'extends from slot 7b along a third center line 4a ', and opens into the first at an additional mouth 5' Channel 3. The third channel 4 'is with respect to axis 2a arranged symmetrically to the second channel 4. The third center line 4a 'has a tangent 4b' at the additional mouth 5 ' on, which coincides with the third center line 4a 'and to first center line 3a spaced apart by the distance a (see FIG. 2) is. The nozzle 1 opens into a perpendicular to the axis 2a directional air duct 12 with an air duct width 12a.

Bei einer Verwendung der Düse 1 in einem nicht dargestellten Brenner, z.B. in einem Vormischbrenner einer Gasturbine, durchströmt Brennstoff 10 von der Stirnseite 2d des Schraubenteils 2c den ersten Kanal 3 bis zur Stirnseite 2e des Kopfteils 2b. Dort tritt der Brennstoff 10 als Brennstoffstrahl 10d in den Luftkanal 12 ein, in dem Verbrennungsluft 11 ungefähr senkrecht zur Richtung des Brennstoffstrahles strömt. Teilströme 10b des Brennstoffes 10 werden über die Schlitze 7a und 7b dem zweiten Kanal 4 bzw. dem dritten Kanal 4' zugeführt. An der Mündung 5 bzw. an der Zusatzmündung 5' tritt dieser Teilstrom 10b in den ersten Kanal 3, in dem ein Teilstrom 10a des Brennstoffes 10 fließt, exzentrisch ein. Die Teilströme 10b und 10a werden zu einem Hauptstrom 10c vereinigt. Durch die exzentrische Einströmung wird dem Hauptstrom 10c ein Drall aufgeprägt. Der drallbehaftete, vereinigte Hauptstrom 10c tritt als Brennstoffstrahl 10d aus der Düse 1 aus und fächert dabei durch den Drall auf, hat aber noch einen so großen Impuls in Hauptströmungsrichtung, daß sich der Brennstoffstrahl 10d über nahezu die ganze Breite 12a des Luftkanals 12 erstreckt. Damit ergibt sich eine gute Durchmischung von Brennstoff 10 und Verbrennungsluft 11 über nahezu die ganze Luftkanalbreite 12a. Der Schraubenteil 2c ist gegenüber dem Luftkanal 12 an der Fußseite 2f des Kopfteils 2b abgedichtet.When using the nozzle 1 in a not shown Burners, e.g. in a premix burner of a gas turbine, flows through fuel 10 from the end face 2d of the screw part 2c the first channel 3 to the front side 2e of the Headboard 2b. There the fuel 10 emerges as a fuel jet 10d in the air duct 12, in the combustion air 11 approximately perpendicular to the direction of the fuel jet flows. Partial streams 10b of the fuel 10 are on the Slots 7a and 7b of the second channel 4 and the third channel, respectively 4 'supplied. At the mouth 5 or at the additional mouth 5 ' this partial stream 10b enters the first channel 3, in the Partial stream 10a of fuel 10 flows eccentrically. The partial streams 10b and 10a become a main stream 10c united. Due to the eccentric inflow, the main flow 10c imprinted a twist. The twisted, united Main stream 10c emerges from the nozzle as a fuel jet 10d 1 and fans out by the swirl, but still has such a large impulse in the main flow direction that the fuel jet 10d over almost the entire width 12a of the Air duct 12 extends. This results in good mixing of fuel 10 and combustion air 11 almost the entire air duct width 12a. The screw part 2c is opposite the air duct 12 on the foot side 2f of the head part 2b sealed.

In Figur 2 ist ein Querschnitt durch die Düse 1 aus Figur 1 im doppelt so großen Maßstab dargestellt. Zur besseren Veranschaulichung sind die Kanäle 4, 4' in die Querschnittsebene geschwenkt. In den ersten Kanal 3 münden tangential der zweite Kanal 4 und der dritte Kanal 4'. Die zweite Mittellinie 4a des zweiten Kanals 4 weist an der Mündung 5 eine Tangente 4b und die dritte Mittellinie 4a' des dritten Kanals 4' an der Mündung 5' eine Tangente 4b' auf, die jeweils mit den Mittellinien 4a und 4a' zusammenfallen, da diese Geraden sind. Die Tangenten 4b bzw. 4b' sind mit einem Abstand a von der Mittellinie 3a des Kanals 3 beabstandet. Durch diese exzentrische Mündung der Kanäle 4 und 4' in den ersten Kanal 3 wird dem im ersten Kanal 3 strömenden Teilstrom 10a des Brennstoffs 10 durch die jeweils vom zweiten Kanal 4 und vom dritten Kanal 4' zuströmende Teilströme 10b des Brennstoffes 10 ein Drall erteilt. Dabei wird der Impuls des Teilstromes 10a des Brennstoffes 10 im ersten Kanal 3 entlang der Mittellinie 3a im wesentlichen beibehalten. Der vereinigte Hauptstrom 10c wird noch über eine Länge 5b des ersten Kanals 3 geführt, um eine Aufspaltung in zwei Teilstrahlen bei Austritt des Brennstoffes 10 aus dem ersten Kanal 3 zu vermeiden. Damit tritt der in Kanal 3 vereinigte Hauptstrom 10c als Brennstoffstrahl 10d weit in die Verbrennungsluft 11 aus, so daß sich der Brennstoffstrahl 10d über nahezu die ganze Breite 12a des Luftkanals erstreckt. Somit kann über eine große Strecke Verbrennungsluft 11 mit Brennstoff 10 vermischt werden. Der dem Hauptstrom 10c erteilte Drall führt dabei zu einer kegelförmigen Auffächerung des aus der Düse 1 austretenden Brennstoffstrahls 10d und damit zu einer Feinverteilung von Brennstoff 10.FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the nozzle 1 from FIG. 1 shown on a scale twice as large. For better illustration are the channels 4, 4 'in the cross-sectional plane pivoted. The second channel flows tangentially into the first channel 3 Channel 4 and the third channel 4 '. The second center line 4a of the second channel 4 has a tangent 4b at the mouth 5 and the third center line 4a 'of the third channel 4' on the Mouth 5 'a tangent 4b', each with the center lines 4a and 4a 'coincide, since these are straight lines. The Tangents 4b and 4b 'are at a distance a from the center line 3a of the channel 3 spaced. Because of this eccentric Mouth of channels 4 and 4 'in the first channel 3 is the partial flow 10a of the fuel flowing in the first channel 3 10 through each of the second channel 4 and the third Channel 4 ′ incoming partial flows 10b of the fuel 10 a swirl issued. The pulse of the partial flow 10a of fuel 10 in the first channel 3 along the center line 3a essentially retained. The combined main stream 10c is still guided over a length 5b of the first channel 3 a split into two partial jets when the fuel emerges 10 to avoid from the first channel 3. With that occurs the main stream 10c combined in channel 3 as a fuel jet 10d far into the combustion air 11, so that the Fuel jet 10d over almost the entire width 12a of the Air duct extends. Combustion air can therefore flow over a large distance 11 are mixed with fuel 10. The one Main flow 10c given swirl leads to a conical Fanning out the fuel jet emerging from the nozzle 1 10d and thus to a fine distribution of fuel 10th

Figur 3 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Düse 1 in einer Seitenansicht. Die Düse 1 ist bis auf eine andere Brennstoffzuführung zu den Kanälen 4 und 4' baugleich zu der Düse 1 aus Figur 1. Zwei zum ersten Kanal 3 parallele Sacklochbohrungen 9 bzw. 9' im Schraubenteil 2c erstrecken sich jeweils von der Stirnfläche 2d des Schraubenteiles 2c über nahezu die ganze Länge des Schraubenteils 2c, wobei die Sacklochbohrung 9 den zweiten Kanal 4 und die Sacklochbohrung 9' den dritten Kanal 4' schneidet. Den Kanälen 4 bzw. 4' wird Brennstoff 10 über die Sacklochbohrung 9 bzw. 9' zugeführt.FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a nozzle 1 in a side view. The nozzle 1 is apart from another Fuel supply to the channels 4 and 4 'identical to that Nozzle 1 from FIG. 1. Two blind holes parallel to the first channel 3 9 and 9 'in the screw part 2c extend in each case from the end face 2d of the screw part 2c almost the entire length of the screw part 2c, the blind hole 9 the second channel 4 and the blind hole 9 ' intersects the third channel 4 '. The channels 4 and 4 ' Fuel 10 is supplied via the blind hole 9 or 9 '.

Claims (13)

  1. Nozzle (1) for injecting a first fluid (10) into a second fluid (11), comprising a nozzle body (2) in which the first fluid (10) can be conducted, characterized in that in the nozzle body (2) a first duct (3) is provided which is directed along a first centre line (3a) and into which a second duct (4) directed along a second centre line (4a) leads at an inlet (5),
    the first duct (3) and the second duct (4) being connected, upstream of the inlet (5), in parallel in terms of flow;
    the second centre line (4a) having at the inlet (5) a tangent (4b) which is at a distance from the first centre line (3a); and
    the first channel (3) being designed such that an impulse, which is directed along the first centre line (3a), of the first fluid (10) which can be conducted in the first channel (3) is essentially maintained until it emerges from the nozzle body (2).
  2. Nozzle (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle body (2) is directed along a nozzle axis (2a), the first duct (3) extending along the nozzle axis (2a).
  3. Nozzle (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the first duct (3) has at the inlet (5) a main cross-sectional area and the second duct (4) has at the inlet (5) a subsidiary cross-sectional area which is smaller than the main cross-sectional area.
  4. Nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet (5) has a maximum inlet diameter (5a), the first duct (3) extending, downstream of the inlet (5), over at least a length (5b) such that a partial flow (10a) of the first fluid (10) in the first duct (3) is united with a partial flow (10b) of the first fluid (10) from the second duct (4) to form a single main flow (10c) which does not split up on passing out of the nozzle, but at most over a length (5b) over which a swirl of the main flow (10c) is still maintained, in particular over a length (5b) equal to from three to four times the maximum inlet diameter (5a).
  5. Nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first duct (3) connected in parallel with the second duct (4) encloses at the inlet (5) an angle (α) of between 5° and 90°, particularly between 35° and 55°, with the second duct (4).
  6. Nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first duct (3) has an approximately circular cross-section, the second duct (4) leading substantially tangentially into the first duct (3).
  7. Nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a third duct (4') leads into the first duct (3) at an additional inlet (5'), the additional inlet (5') lying opposite the inlet (5) in relation to the centre line (3a) of the first duct (3).
  8. Nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each duct (3, 4, 4') is in the form of a circularly symmetrical bore.
  9. Nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle body (2) has an outer surface which is at least partly formed as a screw thread (7).
  10. The use of a nozzle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, for injecting fuel (10) into air for combustion (11) in a burner, particularly in a premixing burner of a gas turbine.
  11. Method of injecting a first fluid (10) into a second fluid (11), characterized in that the first fluid (10) is conducted in a first partial flow (10a) along a first centre line (3a) and in a second partial flow (10b) along a second centre line (4a), the second partial flow (10b) being united with the first partial flow (10a) to form a main flow (10c) in such a manner that a spin is applied to the first partial flow (10a) by the unification process, and in which case an impulse of the first partial flow (10a) is essentially maintained along the first centre line until it is injected into the second fluid (11).
  12. Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the second partial flow (10b) and the first partial flow (10a) are brought together at an angle (α) of between 5° and 90°, particularly between 35° and 55°.
  13. Method according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the first fluid (10) is fuel (10) and the second fluid (11) is air for combustion (11), the fuel (10) being conducted in a nozzle (1) of a burner, particularly of a premixing burner of a gas turbine, and being injected into the air for combustion (11).
EP98925398A 1997-04-01 1998-03-16 Nozzle, application for a nozzle and method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid Expired - Lifetime EP0971792B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19713377A DE19713377A1 (en) 1997-04-01 1997-04-01 Nozzle, use of a nozzle, and method of injecting a first fluid into a second fluid
DE19713377 1997-04-01
PCT/DE1998/000778 WO1998043743A2 (en) 1997-04-01 1998-03-16 Nozzle, application for a nozzle and method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971792A2 EP0971792A2 (en) 2000-01-19
EP0971792B1 true EP0971792B1 (en) 2002-11-06

Family

ID=7825106

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98925398A Expired - Lifetime EP0971792B1 (en) 1997-04-01 1998-03-16 Nozzle, application for a nozzle and method for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0971792B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001521438A (en)
DE (2) DE19713377A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998043743A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202020001914U1 (en) 2020-05-05 2020-06-15 Hartmut Schiefer Injection nozzle and device for loading a fuel with gas
DE102020002684A1 (en) 2020-05-05 2021-11-11 Felix Schiefer Injection nozzle and device for loading a fuel with gas
DE102020004130A1 (en) 2020-07-09 2022-01-13 Felix Schiefer Fuel injection in the internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR808111A (en) * 1936-07-15 1937-01-29 Phillips & Pain Ets Spray jet
US2110409A (en) * 1937-05-19 1938-03-08 George W Veach Spray nozzle
US2428748A (en) * 1944-06-22 1947-10-07 Star Sprinkler Corp Nozzle
GB858948A (en) * 1957-09-17 1961-01-18 Dowty Fuel Syst Ltd Improvements in liquid spray nozzles
DE7112090U (en) * 1971-03-30 1971-07-15 Rost G & Soehne Shower head
DE2733102A1 (en) * 1977-07-22 1979-02-01 Bayer Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ATOMIZING LIQUIDS
DE3235080A1 (en) * 1982-09-22 1984-03-22 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Return-flow injection nozzle for the atomisation of liquids
US5035364A (en) * 1989-10-10 1991-07-30 Terronics Development Corporation Deagglomerator and method for deagglomerating particulate material
DE4440681C2 (en) * 1994-11-15 1996-10-17 Awab Umformtechn Gmbh & Co Kg Spray nozzle, in particular for spraying water in fire protection systems
US5590837A (en) * 1995-02-28 1997-01-07 Calmar Inc. Sprayer having variable spray pattern
DE19608349A1 (en) * 1996-03-05 1997-09-11 Abb Research Ltd Pressure atomizer nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998043743A2 (en) 1998-10-08
JP2001521438A (en) 2001-11-06
EP0971792A2 (en) 2000-01-19
DE19713377A1 (en) 1998-10-15
DE59806190D1 (en) 2002-12-12
WO1998043743A3 (en) 1998-12-30

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