EP0968263B1 - Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung - Google Patents

Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0968263B1
EP0968263B1 EP98905317A EP98905317A EP0968263B1 EP 0968263 B1 EP0968263 B1 EP 0968263B1 EP 98905317 A EP98905317 A EP 98905317A EP 98905317 A EP98905317 A EP 98905317A EP 0968263 B1 EP0968263 B1 EP 0968263B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
oil
weight
parts
cooling lubricant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98905317A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0968263A1 (de
Inventor
Karl Sigg
Hartmut Rieger
Jürgen Geke
Wiltrud Klose
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0968263A1 publication Critical patent/EP0968263A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0968263B1 publication Critical patent/EP0968263B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/10Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/26Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/06Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/08Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/16Ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/30Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms
    • C10M129/32Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/40Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/42Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms polycarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68Esters
    • C10M129/74Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68Esters
    • C10M129/76Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M133/08Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16Amides; Imides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/22Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms containing a carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/08Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/08Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
    • C10M135/10Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/18Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24Polyethers
    • C10M145/26Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C10M145/36Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/02Natural products
    • C10M159/08Fatty oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02Water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/063Peroxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10Compounds containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102Silicates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/105Silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/027Neutral salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/046Hydroxy ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/123Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/127Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/22Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/281Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/282Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/283Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/286Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/287Partial esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/287Partial esters
    • C10M2207/288Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/287Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/402Castor oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/108Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08Amides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08Amides
    • C10M2215/082Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/086Imides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/12Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/12Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2215/122Phtalamic acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/14Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226Morpholines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28Amides; Imides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/30Heterocyclic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/042Sulfate esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02Groups 1 or 11
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/22Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion for machining metals, which is obtainable by mixing a water-miscible concentrate of a coolant lubricant emulsion with water and dispersed into the resulting mixture a water-immiscible cutting oil on a native basis under high shear.
  • Cooling lubricants are preparations / mixtures used in metal cutting and metal forming for cooling and lubricating the tools.
  • the most important machining processes are distinguished by the type of movements that the machined part and tool perform, the geometry of the parts to be machined and the machining parameters. For example, a distinction is made between milling, turning, drilling and grinding as machining operations as well as rolling, deep-drawing and cold extrusion as chipless forming.
  • the common principle of the metal cutting machining methods is that the tool cutting edge engages the material, thereby lifting a chip from the surface, thus creating a new surface. For the fragmentation of the material very high pressures are required. The deformation of the chip and the resulting friction under pressure produces heat that heats the workpiece, the tool and above all the chips.
  • the desired effect of the use of cooling lubricants is therefore the lowering of the temperature, otherwise in the chips z. B. can rise to 1000 ° C, and in the manufactured parts influence on the dimensional stability.
  • Another major task of the coolants is to improve the tool life which quickly wears out under the influence of high temperature.
  • the roughness of the surfaces is reduced because the lubricant prevents welding of tool and workpiece surface and avoids the adhesion of particles.
  • the cooling lubricant takes over the task of removing the chips formed.
  • Water-mixed coolants are manufactured by the user by mixing a concentrate of the water-miscible cooling lubricant with process water. As a rule, about 5% aqueous emulsions are produced.
  • the advantage of this type of cooling lubricant is the good cooling effect, which is based on the thermal properties of the water. Due to the good cooling effect, it is possible to achieve very high working speeds and thus to increase the productivity of machines.
  • the lubricating effect of the water-mixed cooling lubricants is sufficient for most machining processes in machining. Another advantage is the low cost that can be achieved by the possible mixing of the concentrate with water.
  • water-mixed cooling lubricants are against Foreign influences, especially against the infestation by microorganisms are sensitive and therefore require more control and care than non-water-miscible cooling lubricants such as cutting oils, grinding oils and forming oils.
  • Non-water-miscible and water-miscible cooling lubricants are often based on mineral oil.
  • the mineral oil grades used are predominantly combinations of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.
  • so-called synthetic lubricants such as polyalphaolefins, polyalkylene glycols and glycol ethers, dialkyl ethers, acetals, natural ester oils and synthetic esters and their derivatives are also important.
  • cooling lubricants In order to meet the requirements of the practice, cooling lubricants must contain various components in addition to the base oil.
  • the most important substance groups are emulsifiers, corrosion protection additives, biocides, EP additives, polar additives, anti-fog additives, anti-aging agents, solid lubricant additives and defoamers.
  • Emulsifiers eg, surfactants, petroleum sulfonates, alkali soaps, alkanolamine soaps
  • Emulsifiers stabilize the fine distribution of oil droplets in the aqueous working fluid, which is an oil-in-water emulsion.
  • the emulsifiers are quantitatively an important group of additives in the water-miscibleméschmierstofferl.
  • Conventional corrosion protection additives for example alkanolamines and their salts, sulfonates, organic boron compounds, fatty acid amides, aminodicarboxylic acids, phosphoric acid esters, thiophosphonic acid esters, dialkyldithiophosphates, mono- and dialkylarylsulfonates, benzotriazoles, polyisobutene-succinic acid derivatives
  • Some corrosion protection additives have simultaneously emulsifying properties and therefore find their application as an emulsifier.
  • Biocides eg phenol derivatives, formaldehyde derivatives, Kathon MW
  • EP additives eg sulphurised fats and oils, phosphorus compounds, organochlorine Compounds
  • Polar additives eg natural fats and oils, synthetic esters
  • Anti-aging agents eg organic sulfides, zinc dithiophosphates, aromatic amines ensure a long service life of the cooling lubricants.
  • the second important function of the cooling lubricants lies in the lubricating effect (see the article by W. Klose: "Cooling Lubricants on Metal Surfaces", Mitanderen of the Association of German Enamel Experts, 41, Issue 11, pages 138-142 (1993)). Accordingly, the effect of the lubricating components is based on the formation of surface layers which have a lower shear strength relative to the base material and thus reduce friction and wear. The spectrum of surface states ranges from adsorptively bound layers via chemisorption to chemical reaction layers, which create a solid bond to the metal surface.
  • lubricant coating on a surface is adsorptive lubricant layers. They are produced for example by mineral oils without special additives.
  • the formation of the adsorption layers can be enhanced by additions of polar active substances such as fatty alcohols or fatty esters.
  • polar active substances such as fatty alcohols or fatty esters.
  • an interaction between the metal surface and the lubricant molecules occurs, which leads to a partial chemisorptive binding of the fatty alcohols or fatty esters.
  • chemisorptive lubricant coaters are fatty acids.
  • the hydrophilic carboxyl group is chemically bonded to the metal surface by reaction with the metal atoms and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical aligns perpendicular to the surface.
  • the increased adhesive strength of the chemisorptive layer improves the Pressure absorption capacity compared to purely adsorptive lubricant layers, but is not sufficient for many cases of metal forming to reduce friction and wear.
  • EP or AW additives extreme pressure or anti-wear additives
  • These are usually chloro, phosphorus or sulfur-containing agents.
  • reaction layers in the form of metal chlorides, metal phosphates or metal sulfides.
  • the reaction layers formed on the metal surface act on the one hand as solid lubricant layers, which are constantly removed and renewed during the forming process. On the other hand, they form monomolecular surface films that can attach further lubricant components.
  • Water-mixed cooling lubricants are a widely used type of cooling lubricant. In practice, however, different water-mixed cooling lubricants are used to meet the different requirements with regard to corrosion protection for the various materials being processed, lubricity at high operating speed, service life and not least safety at work and environmental behavior. Manufacturers of coolant concentrates therefore have to produce many different types, keep them in stock and transport them in small batches. The user may have to discard usable emulsions if a different type of coolant lubricant is required because of changed materials. These processes are costly and environmentally disadvantageous.
  • US-A-4 027 512 relates to an oil-in-water cooling lubricant emulsion containing a free fatty acid dissolved in a solvent. This solution is then part of the oil phase of the emulsion. In the examples it is shown that the addition of a fatty acid without a solvent does not produce the desired effect.
  • inhomogeneous mixture means that the cutting oil is not emulsified into the water-miscible cooling lubricant emulsion. In the case of emulsifying the cutting oil, lubrication is insufficient.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a new type of water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion for use for machining metals, which can be used for a broader range of applications.
  • a novel type of cooling lubricant is provided by the invention, so that it is possible to emulsify a non-water-miscible, native-based cutting oil into a per se conventional water-blended cooling lubricant emulsion by using high shear energy and thereby obtain a stable oil-in-water emulsion ,
  • Such a combination with at least two different oil components can be used for a wide range of applications.
  • the proportions of cutting oil to the proportions of water-miscible concentrate such as 10 to 80 to 100 and in particular such as 20 to 70 to 100 behave.
  • the invention is thus based mainly on, in contrast to the usual teachings of practice in a conventional per se coolant emulsion situatergieren a per se water-immiscible cutting oil on a native basis.
  • a high shear energy compared to the prior art for the production of water-mixed coolant emulsions is required.
  • intensive mixers such as an Ultraturrax (number of revolutions 10,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute) or high-speed rotor-stator systems come into consideration.
  • Ultraturrax it is dispersed at 20,000 revolutions per minute for a period of about 1 to about 5 minutes.
  • An alternative to this during operation is to add the cutting oil in the running system at a point of high turbulence. The dispersion then takes place by the shear forces during the metalworking processes.
  • the Einzelkömponenten are known as coolants or as concentrates for cooling lubricant emulsions in the prior art.
  • an emulsion concentrate composed of from about 20 to about 60% by weight of an oil component, preferably ester oil, but also paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oil, which desirably contains lubricity additives, and 0 to 25% by weight Water.
  • the remainder to 100 wt .-% consists of emulsifiers, preferably based on fatty alcohol ethoxylates, from corrosion inhibitors, preferably based on alkali metal carboxylates, amine soaps, ethanolamine soaps and / or ethanolamides, and optionally from other known for this product group in the art auxiliary or Active ingredients, as they are mentioned for example in the example concentrates.
  • mineral oil synthetic oils such as polyolefins can be used.
  • Alternative oil components with increased biodegradability are acetals or dialkyl ethers.
  • the concentrate of a water-miscible cooling lubricant emulsion used in substep a) can be composed of (data in% by weight):
  • oils are used in step b) ester-based.
  • these are native triglycerides or modification products thereof, wax esters and fatty acid esters of monoalkanols having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, for example tallow fatty acid ethylhexyl ester or transesterified rapeseed oil, and fatty acid esters of polyols, where trimethylolpropane can be used as the polyol component.
  • the oils may contain additional auxiliaries, in particular EP additives, for example in the form of sulfurized compounds, antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors.
  • the non-water-miscible cutting oil is selected from oxidation-stabilized fatty acid glycerides in the form of triesters having three fatty acids having 14 to 22 carbon atoms per fatty acid and oxidation-stabilized diesters having two fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms per fatty acid.
  • the ready-to-use water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion of the oil-in-water type to be used according to the invention can be produced directly by the user.
  • the emulsion could also be manufactured centrally and transported to the individual users. This is uneconomical and environmentally detrimental, as this large quantities of water would have to be transported.
  • a user of a conventional coolant lubricant emulsion can also exercise the present invention by subsequently dispersing a cutting oil, as described above, in this previously commissioned emulsion in accordance with sub-step b).
  • the emulsions to be used lead to better frictional wear values than conventional emulsions without the addition of a water-immiscible cutting oil on a native basis. They also cause improved corrosion protection. In scanning electron micrographs they act like a "two-phase lubricant" with a finely emulsified O / W emulsion and coarsely dispersed cutting oil.
  • the droplet sizes themselves are dependent on the shear conditions and therefore may vary. However, the ranges of droplet sizes overlap, so that in particle size determinations with light scattering methods, for example with a Sympatec Helios Vectra device, usually only receives a distribution maximum. This is preferably in the range between about 0.5 and about 8 microns, in particular between about 1 and about 4 microns.
  • the particle size can also be determined by light microscopy or video microscopy.
  • the ready-mixed water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion is therefore characterized in that it is an oil-in-water emulsion in which more than 95% of the oil particles are smaller than 0.5 .mu.m and in which the water-immiscible cutting oil is so dispersed that it at least 50% in the form of particles having a size in the range of 0.5 to 8 microns.
  • the abovementioned concentrates 1 and 3 were used as water-miscible concentrates according to sub-step a).
  • the parts by weight of concentrate given in the table below were stirred into as many parts by weight of water (with a water hardness corresponding to 20 ° German hardness) with a glass rod that 100 parts by weight of a conventional coolant lubricant emulsion emerged.
  • the comparative experiments 1a and 1b as well as 3a and 3b were carried out.
  • Lubricating lubricant emulsions according to the invention were obtained by emulsifying in the emulsion according to 1a 2 parts by weight and in emulsion 3a one part by weight of a native cutting oil based on esters.
  • the cutting oil consisted of a mixture of oxidation-stabilized fatty acid glycerides in the form of triesters having three fatty acids having 14 to 22 C atoms per fatty acid and tixation-stabilized diesters having two fatty acids having 12 to 22 C atoms per fatty acid (P3-multan R 201, Henkel KGaA, Dusseldorf).
  • the cutting oil of the water-mixed emulsion was added and dispersed with an Ultraturrax for one minute at 20,000 revolutions per minute.
  • a friction wear test according to Reichert was carried out. This method is used to determine the pressure absorption capacity (EP behavior), as well as to determine the adhesion of liquid lubricants.
  • EP behavior pressure absorption capacity
  • a test roller is adapted by means of a lever system to a rotating slip ring, which dips with its lower third in the lubricant to be tested.
  • the test roller cleaned in petroleum spirit is installed in the swiveling holder.
  • the holder is swung in and clamped.
  • the slip ring remains clamped several test runs in the device, where it is also cleaned after each test run with boiling fuel.
  • the test roller is brought to the slip ring by slowly applying the load weight (1.5 kg).
  • the counter located on the Reichert scales is set to 0.
  • the rotating slip ring immersed in the lubricant continuously supplies the contact point with lubricant.
  • the test roller is removed from the slip ring.
  • the test roll is removed and the resulting ground mark measured by means of a measuring magnifier.
  • the ellipse area is calculated to be 0.785 * longitude * latitude, or is read by means of a number table. As many test runs are carried out until the ellipse areas of the last 3 test runs do not differ from each other by more than 10%.
  • the pressure absorption capacity is greater, the smaller the determined ellipse surface.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

  • Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen, welche dadurch erhältlich ist, dass man ein wassermischbares Konzentrat einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion mit Wasser vermischt und in die erhaltene Mischung ein mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl auf nativer Basis unter starker Scherung eindispergiert.
  • Kühlschmierstoffe sind Zubereitungen/Gemische, die bei der Metallzerspanung und bei der Metallumformung zum Kühlen und Schmieren der Werkzeuge verwendet werden. Die wichtigsten Bearbeitungsverfahren unterscheiden sich durch die Art der Bewegungen, die das bearbeitete Teil und Werkzeug ausführen, durch die Geometrie der herzustellenden Teile und die Bearbeitungsparameter. Man unterscheidet beispielsweise Fräsen, Drehen, Bohren und Schleifen als spanabhebende Bearbeitungen sowie Walzen, Tiefziehen und Kaltfließpressen als spanlose Umformungen.
  • Das gemeinsame Prinzip der spanabhebenden Metallbearbeitungsverfahren ist, daß die Werkzeugschneide in das Material eingreift und dabei einen Span von der Oberfläche abhebt, so daß eine neue Oberfläche entsteht. Für die Zerteilung des Materials sind sehr hohe Drücke erforderlich. Durch die Verformung des Spans und durch die auftretende Reibung unter dem Druck entsteht Wärme, die das Werkstück, das Werkzeug und vor allem die Späne aufheizt.
  • Die erwünschte Wirkung des Einsatzes von Kühlschmierstoffen ist daher die Senkung der Temperatur, die ansonsten in den Spänen z. B. bis auf 1000° C steigen kann, und die bei den hergestellten Teilen Einfluß auf die Maßhaltigkeit hat. Eine weitere Hauptaufgabe der Kühlschmierstoffe ist, die Standzeit der Werkzeuge zu verbessern, die unter dem Einfluß hoher Temperatur schnell verschleißen. Durch Verwendung eines Kühlschmierstoffes wird die Rauhigkeit der Oberflächen vermindert, da der Schmierstoff Verschweißungen von Werkzeug und Werkstückoberfläche verhindert und das Anhaften von Partikeln vermeidet. Darüber hinaus übernimmt der Kühlschmierstoff die Aufgabe, die gebildeten Späne abzutransportieren.
  • Mit der Neufassung der DIN 51385 Nr. 1 wurde eine eindeutige Benennung der Kühlschmierstoffe geschaffen, wobei von nichtwassermischbaren, wassermischbaren und von wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffen die Rede ist. Nach DIN 51385 wird unter den Begriffen "wassergemischt" der Endzustand des fertigen Mediums (meistens Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen), unter "wassermischbar" jedoch der Zustand des Konzentrates verstanden.
  • Wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe werden beim Verwender hergestellt durch Mischen eines Konzentrates des wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffs mit Betriebswasser. In der Regel werden ca. 5 %ige wäßrige Emulsionen hergestellt. Vorteil dieses Kühlschmierstofftyps ist die gute Kühlwirkung, die auf den thermischen Eigenschaften des Wassers beruht. Durch die gute Kühlwirkung ist es möglich, sehr hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten zu erreichen und damit die Produktivität von Maschinen zu steigern. Die Schmierwirkung der wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffe reicht für die meisten Bearbeitungsverfahren in der spanabhebenden Fertigung aus. Ein weiterer Vorteil sind die niedrigen Kosten, die durch die mögliche Mischung des Konzentrates mit Wasser erreicht werden. Nachteil von wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffen ist, daß sie gegen Fremdeinflüsse, insbesondere gegen den Befall durch Mikroorganismen empfindlich sind und daher mehr Kontrolle und Pflege erfordern als nicht wassermischbare Kühlsschmierstoffe wie beispielsweise Schneidöle, Schleiföle und Umformöle.
  • Die Tabelle zeigt eine Zusammenfassung der Anforderungen für wassermischbare und wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe:
    • Kühl- und Schmierwirkung
    • Rostschutz
    • kein Angriff auf Nichteisen-Metalle
    • toxikologische Unbedenklichkeit insbesondere Hautverträglichkeit
    • keine Schaumbildung
    • kein Angriff auf Lacke und Dichtungen
    • Emulsionsstabilität
    • keine Verklebung oder Verharzung
    • gute Mischbarkeit
    • angenehmer Geruch
    • sauberes Aussehen
    • gute Filtrierbarkeit
    • problemlose Entsorgung.
  • Ein Überblick über die formgebenden Metallbearbeitungsprozesse und die hierfür üblicherweise verwendeten Hilfsmittel ist beispielsweise Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed., Vol. A15, 479-486 zu entnehmen. Das Spektrum der Anbietungsformen der in Betracht kommenden Hilfsmittel reicht dabei von Ölen über Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen bis hin zu wäßrigen Lösungen.
  • Nichtwassermischbare und wassermischbare Kühlschmierstoffe sind häufig auf Mineralöl aufgebaut. Die verwendeten Mineralölqualitäten sind überwiegend Kombinationen von paraffinischen, naphthenischen und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen. Neben den Mineralölen haben auch sog. synthetische Schmiermittel ("synthetische Öle") wie Polyalphaolefine, Polyalkylenglykole und glykolether, Dialkylether, Acetale, natürliche Esteröle sowie synthetische Ester und ihre Derivate Bedeutung.
  • Um die Anforderungen der Praxis erfüllen zu können, müssen Kühlschmierstoffe neben dem Grundöl verschiedene Komponenten enthalten. Die wichtigsten Substanzgruppen sind die Emulgatoren, Korrosionschutzzusätze, Biozide, EP-Zusätze, polare Zusätze, Antinebelzusätze, Alterungsschutzstoffe, Festschmierzusätze und Entschäumer.
  • Emulgatoren (z. B. Tenside, Petroleumsulfonate, Alkaliseifen, Alkanolaminseifen) stabilisieren die feine Verteilung von Öltröpfchen in der wäßrigen Arbeitsflüssigkeit, die eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion darstellt. Die Emulgatoren stellen mengenmäßig eine wichtige Gruppe an Zusatzstoffen bei den wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstofferl dar.
  • Übliche Korosionsschutzzusätze (z. B. Alkanolamine und ihre Salze, Sulfonate, organische Borverbindungen, Fettsäureamide, Aminodicarbonsäuren, Phosphorsäureester, Thiophosphonsäureester, Dialkyldithiophosphate, Mono- und Dialkylarylsulfonate, Benzotriazole, Polyisobutenbemsteinsäurederivate) sollen das Rosten von Metalloberflächen verhindern. Einige Korrosionsschutzzusätze haben gleichzeitig emulgierende Eigenschaften und finden deshalb auch als Emulgator ihre Anwendung. Biozide (z. B. Phenol-Derivate, Formaldehydabkömmlinge, Kathon MW) sollen das Wachstum von Bakterien und Pilzen verhindern. EP-Zusätze (z. B. geschwefelte Fette und Öle, phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, chlororganische Verbindungen) sollen Mikroverschweißungen zwischen Metalloberflächen bei hohen Drücken und Temperaturen verhindern. Polare Zusätze (z. B. natürliche Fette und Öle, synthetische Ester) erhöhen die Schmierungseigenschaften. Alterungsschutzstoffe (z. B. organische Sulfide, Zinkdithiophosphate, aromatische Amine) gewährleisten eine lange Gebrauchsdauer der Kühlschmierstoffe.
  • Neben der Kühlwirkung liegt die zweite wichtige Funktion der Kühlschmierstoffe in der Schmierwirkung (siehe den Artikel von W. Klose: "Kühlschmiermittel auf Metalloberflächen", Mitteilungen des Vereins Deutscher Emailfachleute, 41, Heft 11, Seiten 138-142 (1993)). Demnach beruht die Wirkung der schmierenden Komponenten auf der Bildung von Oberflächenschichten, die gegenüber dem Grundwerkstoff eine niedrigere Scherfestigkeit besitzen und damit Reibung und Verschleiß herabsetzen. Das Spektrum der Oberflächenzustände reicht dabei von adsorptiv gebundenen Schichten über Chemiesorption bis zu chemischen Reaktionsschichten, die einen festen Verbund zur Metalloberfläche erzeugen.
  • Die einfachste Form der Schmierstoffbelegung einer Oberfläche sind adsorptive Schmierstoffschichten. Sie werden beispielsweise durch Mineralöle ohne besondere Additive erzeugt. Die Bildung der Adsorptionsschichten kann durch Zusätze polarer Wirkstoffe wie Fettalkohole oder Fettester verstärkt werden. Dabei tritt über die rein physikalische Adsorption hinaus eine Wechselwirkung zwischen der Metalloberfläche und den Schmierstoffmolekülen ein, die zu einer partiellen chemiesorptiven Bindung der Fettalkohole oder der Fettester führt.
  • Typische Vertreter chemiesorptiver Schmierstoff-Schichtbildner sind Fettsäuren. Die hydrophile Carboxylgruppe wird durch Reaktion mit den Metallatomen chemisch an die Metalloberfläche gebunden und der hydrophobe Kohlenwasserstoffrest richtet sich senkrecht zur Oberfläche aus. Die erhöhte Haftfestigkeit der chemiesorptiven Schicht verbessert zwar das Druckaufnahmevermögen gegenüber rein adsorptiven Schmierstoffschichten, reicht jedoch für viele Fälle der Metallumformung zur Reib- und Verschleißminderung noch nicht aus. Hier bringen erst Beimengungen von EP- bzw. AW-Zusätzen (extreme pressure bzw. anti wear-Zusätze) eine hinreichende Verbesserung der Schmierleistung, so daß auch schwierige Umformprozesse ermöglicht werden. Hierbei handelt es sich in der Regel um Chlor-, Phosphor- oder Schwefel-haltige Wirkstoffe. Deren Wirkung beruht auf der Ausbildung von chemischen Reaktionsschichten in Form von Metallchloriden, Metallphosphaten oder Metallsulfiden. Aus Entsorgungsgründen besteht heute das Bestreben, auf Chlorhaltige EP-Zusätze nach Möglichkeit zu verzichten. Die an der Metalloberfläche gebildeten Reaktionsschichten wirken einerseits als Festschmierstoffschichten, die während des Umformvorganges ständig abgetragen und erneuert werden. Andererseits bilden Sie monomolekulare Oberflächenfilme, die weitere Schmierstofflcomponenten anlagern können.
  • Wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe stellen einen weit verbreiteten Kühlschmierstofftyp da. In der Praxis sind jedoch unterschiedliche wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe im Einsatz, um die unterschiedlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich Korrosionsschutz für die verschiedenen bearbeiteten Materialien, Schmierwirkung bei hoher Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit, Standzeit und nicht zuletzt Arbeitsschutz und Umweltverhalten zu erfüllen. Hersteller von Kühlschmierstoffkonzentraten müssen daher viele unterschiedliche Typen fertigen, auf Lager halten und in Kleinchargen transportieren. Beim Anwender müssen gegebenenfalls noch benutzbare Emulsionen verworfen werden, falls wegen geänderter Materialen ein anderer Kühlschmierstofftyp erforderlich wird. Diese Vorgänge sind kostenintensiv und unter Umweltaspekten nachteilig.
  • Die US-A-4 027 512 betrifft eine Öl-in-Wasser-Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, welche eine freie Fettsäure in einem Lösungsmittel gelöst enthält. Diese Lösung ist dann Teil der ÖlPhase der Emulsion. In den Beispielen wird gezeigt, dass die Zugabe einer Fettsäure ohne ein Lösungsmittel nicht die erwünschte Wirkung erbringt.
  • In der DE-A-195 25 407 wird ein Verfahren zum Schmieren von Werkstücken aus Metall für Umformprozesse durch Ziehen, Tiefziehen oder Kaltfließpressen beschrieben. Hierbei bringt man auf das Werkstück eine inhomogene Mischung auf, welche ein Konzentrat einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, ein mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl, ein Schmieradditiv sowie Wasser enthält. Der Begriff "inhomogene Mischung" bedeutet, dass das Schneidöl nicht in die wassermischbare Kühlschmierstoffemulsion einemulgiert wird. Im Falle eines Einemulgierens des Schneidöls ist die Schmierung unzureichend.
  • Demgegenüber besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, für die Verwendung zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen einen neuen Typ einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion bereit zu stellen, die für ein verbreitertes Anwendungsspektrum ein setzbar ist. Ein derartiger neuer Kühlsschmierstofftyp wird durch die Erfindung zur Verfügung gestellt, so dass es möglich ist, in eine an sich konventionelle wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffemulsion durch Anwendung hoher Scherenergie ein nicht wassermischbares Schneidöl auf nativer Basis einzuemulgieren und hierdurch eine stabile Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion zu erhalten. Eine derartige Kombination mit mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Ölkomponenten kann für ein breites Anwendungsspektrum eingesetzt werden.
  • Die Erfindung betrifft daher die Verwendung einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, welche dadurch erhältlich ist, dass man
    1. a) 2 bis 15 Gewichtsteile eines wassermischbaren Konzentrats einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion mit 98 bis 85 Gewichtsteilen Wasser vermischt, um eine 100 Gewichtsteile umfassende Mischung zu erhalten, und anschließend
    2. b) 1 bis 14 Gewichtsteile eines mit Wasser nicht mischbaren Schneidöls auf nativer Basis, ausgewählt aus Ölen auf Esterbasis, unter starker Scherung in die Mischung a) eindispergiert, wobei man derart schert, daß eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion resultiert, bei der mehr als 95 % der Ölteilchen kleiner als 0,5 µm sind und in die das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl derart eindispergiert ist, dass es zu mindestens 50 % in Form von Teilchen mit einer Größe im Bereich von 0,5 bis 8 µm vorliegt, zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen.
  • Vorzugsweise verwendet man hierbei weniger Gewichtsteile mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl als Gewichtsteile wassermischbares Konzentrat. Vorzugsweise verhalten sich die Anteile an Schneidöl zu den Anteilen an wassermischbarem Konzentrat wie 10 bis 80 zu 100 und insbesondere wie 20 bis 70 zu 100.
  • Die Erfindung beruht also hauptsächlich darauf, entgegen den üblichen Lehren der Praxis in einer an sich konventionelle Kühlschmierstoffemulsion ein an sich nicht wassermischbares Schneidöl auf nativer Basis einzudispergieren. Hierfür ist eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zur Herstellung wassergemischter Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen hohe Scherenenergie erforderlich. Beispielsweise kann man die erforderliche Scherung durch Rühren mit einer Zahnscheibe bewirken. Alternativ kommen Intensivmischer wie beispielsweise ein Ultraturrax (Umdrehungszahl 10.000 bis 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute) oder hochdrehende Rotor-Stator-Systeme in Betracht. Bei Verwendung eines Ultraturrax wird bei 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute für eine Zeitdauer von etwa 1 bis etwa 5 Minuten dispergiert. Eine Alternative hierzu besteht im laufenden Betrieb darin, daß man das Schneidöl im laufenden System an einer Stelle hoher Turbulenz zugibt. Das Dispergieren erfolgt dann durch die Scherkräfte während der Metallbearbeitungsprozesse.
  • Dabei sind die Einzelkömponenten als Kühlschmierstoffe oder als Konzentrate für Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen im Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise kann man im Teilschritt a) ein Emulsionskonzentrat einsetzen, das zusammengesetzt ist aus etwa 20 bis etwa 60 Gew.-% einer Ölkomponente, vorzugsweise Esteröl, jedoch auch paraffinisches oder naphthenisches Mineralöl, das erwünschtenfalls Schmieradditive enthält, und 0 bis 25 Gew.-% Wasser. Der Rest zu 100 Gew.-% besteht aus Emulgatoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Fettalkoholethoxylaten, aus Korrosionsinhibitoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Alkalicarboxylaten, Aminseifen, Ethanolaminseifen und/oder Ethanolamiden, sowie gegebenenfalls aus weiteren für diese Produktgruppe im Stand der Technik bekannten Hilfs- oder Wirkstoffen, wie sie beispielsweise in den Beispielskonzentraten genannt sind.
  • Anstelle des Mineralöls können synthetische Öle wie beispielsweise Polyolefine eingesetzt werden. Alternative Ölkomponenten mit erhöhter biologischer Abbaubarkeit sind Acetale oder Dialkylether.
  • Beispielsweise kann das im Teilschritt a) eingesetzte Konzentrat einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion zusammengesetzt sein aus (Angaben in Gew.-%):
  • Konzentrat 1
  • 57 % Mineralöl
    16,5 % C14-20-Fettsäuregemisch
    4,4 % Kalilauge, 45-%ig
    5,5 % Alkylsulfonamidocarbonsäure
    7,0%- Hexandiol
    4,0 % Petrolsulfenat
    0,4 % Triazolderivat
    3,0 % Hexahydrazin
    0,2 % , o-Pheüylphenol
    Rest: vollentsalztes Wasser
  • Konzentrat 2
  • 35% Mineralöl
    7,5% C14-20-Fettsäuregemisch
    11,5 % C32-36-Dimerfettsäuregemisch
    8,0 % C6-9-Carbonsäure-Gemisch
    12,5 % Kalilauge, 45 %-ig
    17,0% ethoxylierte Fettalkohole (2 - 5 Ethylenoxidgruppen)
    3,0 % Halbacetal
    0,3 % Na-Pyrion
    Rest: vollentsalztes Wasser
  • Konzentrat 3
  • 35,5 % Mineralöl
    6,5 % C14-20-Fettsäuregemisch
    7,0 % Borsäure
    3,0 % C6-9-Carbonsäure-Gemisch
    11,0 % Gemisch primärer und tertiärer Alkanolamine
    8,5 % Fettsäureamid
    8,5 % ethoxylierte Fettalkohole (2 - 5 Ethylenoxidgruppen)
    1,0 % Butyldiglykol
    0,2% Na-Pyrion
    Rest: vollentsalztes Wasser
  • Als mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl werden im Teilschritt b) Öle auf Esterbasis verwendet. Beispiele hierfür sind native Triglyceride oder Modifizierungsprodukte hiervon, Wachsester und Fettsäureester von Monoalkanolen mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen, beispielsweise Talgfettsäure-Ethylhexylester oder umgeestertes Rapsöl, sowie Fettsäureester von Polyolen, wobei als Polyolkomponente insbesondere Trimethylolpropan verwendet werden kann. Im Teilschritt b) kann man auch Gemische aus solchen Ölen einsetzen. Die Öle können zusätzliche Hilfsstoffe enthalten, wobei insbesondere EP-Additive, beispielsweise in Form geschwefelter Verbindungen, Oxidationsschutzmittel und Korrosionsinhibitoren zu nennen sind. Vorzugsweise wählt man das nicht mit Wasser mischbare Schneidöl aus oxidationsstabilisierten Fettsäureglyceriden in Form von Triestern mit drei Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure und oxidationsstabilisierten Diestern mit zwei Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure.
  • Die erfindungsgemäβ zu verwendende anwendungsfertige wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffemulsion vom Typ Öl-in-Wasser kann direkt beim Anwender hergestellt werden. Die Emulsion könnte auch zentral hergestellt und zu den einzelnen Anwendern transportiert werden. Dies ist unwirtschaftlich und ökologisch nachteilig, da hierfür große Mengen Wasser transportiert werden müßten.
  • Für die Herstellung der Emulsion ist es nicht erforderlich, die Teilschritte a) und b) unmittelbar hintereinander auszuführen. Vielmehr kann ein Anwender einer konventionellen Kühlschmierstoffemulsion die vorliegende Erfindung auch dadurch ausüben, daß er in diese bereits in Betrieb genommene Emulsion nachträglich gemäß Teilschritt b) ein Schneidöl wie weiter oben beschrieben eindispergiert.
  • Die zu verwendenden Emulsionen führen zu besseren Reibverschleißwerten als konventionelle Emulsionen ohne Zusatz eines nicht wassermischbaren Schneidöls auf nativer Basis. Sie bewirken außerdem einen verbesserten Korrosionsschutz. In Rasterelektronenmikroskop-Aufnahmen wirken sie wie ein "Zweiphasenschmierstoff" mit einer fein emulgierten O/W-Emulsion und gröber dispergiertem Schneidöl. Die Tröpfchengrößen selbst sind von den Scherbedingungen abhängig und können daher schwanken. Die Bereiche der Tröpfchengrößen überlappen sich jedoch, so daß man bei Teilchengrößenbestimmungen mit Lichtstreuverfahren, beispielsweise mit einem Sympatec Helios Vectra-Gerät, in der Regel nur ein Verteilungsmaximum erhält. Dieses liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen etwa 0,5 und etwa 8 µm, insbesondere zwischen etwa 1 und etwa 4 µm. Die Teilchengröße kann auch lichtmikroskopisch oder videomikroskopisch bestimmt werden.
  • Die anwendungsfertige wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffemulsion ist also dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion darstellt, bei der mehr als 95 % der Ölteilchen kleiner als 0.5µm sind und in die das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl derart eindispergiert ist, daß es zu mindestens 50 % in Form von Teilchen mit einer Größe im Bereich von 0,5 bis 8 µm vorliegt.
  • Ausführungsbeispiele
  • Für Eignungsprüfungen wurden die vorstehend angegebenen Konzentrate 1 und 3 als wassermischbare Konzentrate gemäß Teilschritt a) eingesetzt. Dabei wurden die in der nachfolgenden Tabelle angegebenen Gewichtsteile Konzentrat in so viele Gewichtsteile Wasser (mit einer Wasserhärte entsprechend 20 ° Deutscher Härte) mit einem Glasstab eingerührt, daß 100 Gewichtsteile einer konventionellen Kühlschmierstoff-Emulsion entstanden. Hiermit wurden die Vergleichsversuche 1a und 1b sowie 3a und 3b durchgeführt.
  • Erfindungsgemäße Külilschmierstoffemulsionen wurden erhalten, indem man in die Emulsion gemäß 1a 2 Gewichtsteile und in die Emulsion 3a ein Gewichtsteil eines nativen Schneidöls auf Esterbasis einemulgierte. Das Schneidöl bestand aus einem Gemisch von oxidationsstabilisierten Fettsäureglyceriden in Form von Triestern mit drei Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure und tixidationsstabilisierten Diestern mit zwei Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure (P3-multanR 201, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf). Hierzu wurde das Schneidöl der wassergemischten Emulsion zugegeben und mit einem Ultraturrax für eine Minute bei 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute eindispergiert.
  • Als Eignungsprüfung wurde eine Reibverschleißprüfung nach Reichert durchgeführt. Dieses Verfahren dient zur Ermittlung des Druckaufnahmevermögens (EP-Verhalten), sowie zur Ermittlung der Haftfestigkeit von flüssigen Schmierstoffen. Hierbei wird eine Prüfrolle mittels eines Hebelsystems an einen umlaufenden Schleifring angepaßt, der mit seinem unteren Drittel in das zu prüfende Schmiermittel eintaucht. Vor Prüfbeginn wird die in Siedegrenzbenzin gereinigte Prüfrolle in die schwenkbare Halterung eingebaut. Die Halterung wird eingeschwenkt und festgeklemmt. Der Schleifring verbleibt mehrere Prüfläufe in der Vorrichtung eingespannt, wo er ebenfalls nach jedem Prüflauf mit Siedegrenzbenzin gereinigt wird. Die Prüfrolle wird durch langsames Aufbringen des Belastungsgewichtes (1,5 kg) auf den Schleifring gebracht. Das an der Reichertwaage befindliche Zählwerk wird auf 0 gestellt. Durch Einschalten des Motors versorgt der im Schmiermittel eingetauchte, rotierende Schleifring die Berührungstelle fortlaufend mit Schmiermittel. Beim Erreichen der Zahl 100 am Zählwerk (100 Meter Reibungsstrecke) wird die Prüfrolle vom Schleifring entfernt. Die Prüfrolle wird ausgebaut und die entstandene Schliffmarke mittels einer Meßlupe ausgemessen. Die Ellipsenfläche errechnet sich zu 0,785*Länge*Breite, oder wird mittels einer Zahlentabelle abgelesen. Es werden so viele Prüfläufe durchgeführt, bis sich die Ellipsenflächen der letzten 3 Prüfläufe nicht mehr als 10 % voneinander unterscheiden. Das Druckaufnahmevermögen ist um so größer, je kleiner die ermittelte Ellipsenfläche ist.
  • Ergebnisse:
  • Prüfemulsion Gewichtsteile Konzentrat Gewichtsteile Schneidöl Reibverschleiß
    1a (Vergleich) 5 - 33 mm2
    1b (Vergleich) 7 - 30 mm2
    1c (erfindungsgemäß) 5 2 18 mm2
    3a (Vergleich) 3 - 31 mm2
    3b (Vergleich) 5 - 30 mm2
    3c (erfindungsgemäß) 3 1 15 mm2

Claims (7)

  1. Verwendung einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, welche dadurch erhältlich ist, daß man
    a) 2 bis 15 Gewichtsteile eines wassermischbaren Konzentrats einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion mit 98 bis 85 Gewichtsteilen Wasser vermischt, um eine 100 Gewichtsteile umfassende Mischung zu erhalten, und anschließend
    b) 1 bis 14 Gewichtsteile eines mit Wasser nicht mischbaren Schneidöls auf nativer Basis, ausgewählt aus Ölen auf Esterbasis, unter starker Scherung in die Mischung a) eindispergiert, wobei man derart schert, daß eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion resultiert, bei der mehr als 95 % der Ölteilchen kleiner als 0,5 µm sind und in die das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl derart eindispergiert ist, daß es zu mindestens 50 % in Form von Teilchen mit einer Größe im Bereich von 0,5 bis 8 µm vorliegt, zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen.
  2. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Konzentrat der wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion im Teilschritt a) zusammengesetzt ist aus 20 - 60 Gew.-% einer Ölkomponente die erwünschtenfalls Schmieradditive enthält, und 0 bis 25 Gew.-% Wasser, wobei der Rest zu 100 Gew.-% aus Emulgatoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Fettalkoholethoxylaten, Korrosionsinhibitoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Alkalimetallcarboxylaten, Aminseifen, Ethanolaminseifen und/oder Ethanolamiden, sowie aus weiteren Hilfs- oder Wirkstoffen besteht.
  3. Verwendung nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl im Teilschritt b) ausgewählt ist aus nativen Triglyceriden oder deren Modifizierungsprodukten, Wachsester, Fettsäureester von Monoalkoholen mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen oder Fettsäureester von Polyolen oder Gemischen hiervon, wobei das Öl zusätzliche Hilfsstoffe, insbesondere EP-Additive, Oxidationsschutzmittel und Korrosionsinhibitoren, enthalten kann.
  4. Verwendung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl ausgewählt ist aus oxidationsstabilisierten Fettsäureglyceriden in Form von Triestern mit drei Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure und oxidationsstabilisierten Diestern mit zwei Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure.
  5. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ölkomponente, des Konzentrats der wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion im Teilschritt a) ausgewählt ist aus aliphatischen oder naphthenischen Mineralölen, Esterölen, Polyolefinen, Acetalen oder Dialkylethern.
  6. Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man weniger Gewichtsteile mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl als Gewichtsteile wassermischbares Konzentrat einsetzt.
  7. Verwendung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Anteile an Schneidöl zu den Anteilen an wassermischbarem Konzentrat wie 10 bis 80 zu 100, vorzugsweise wie 20 bis 70 zu 100 verhalten.
EP98905317A 1997-01-29 1998-01-20 Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung Expired - Lifetime EP0968263B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19703085A DE19703085A1 (de) 1997-01-29 1997-01-29 Kühlschmierstoffemulsion
DE19703085 1997-01-29
PCT/EP1998/000277 WO1998032818A1 (de) 1997-01-29 1998-01-20 Kühlschmierstoffemulsion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0968263A1 EP0968263A1 (de) 2000-01-05
EP0968263B1 true EP0968263B1 (de) 2007-01-03

Family

ID=7818602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98905317A Expired - Lifetime EP0968263B1 (de) 1997-01-29 1998-01-20 Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6245723B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0968263B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE350437T1 (de)
DE (2) DE19703085A1 (de)
TR (1) TR199901716T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1998032818A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100799420B1 (ko) * 1999-10-25 2008-01-30 니폰 오일 코포레이션 (신 니혼 세키유 가부시키 가이샤) 극미량 오일 공급식 절삭 또는 연삭 가공용 오일 조성물
EP1123971A1 (de) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-16 Mobil Oil Francaise Wasserlösliche Zusammensetzung für Kalt- und Warmwalzen von Kupfer, Kupferlegierungen und Nichteisen-Metalzwischenprodukten
EP1123965A1 (de) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-16 Mobil Oil Francaise Kaltwalzöl-Zusammensetzung für Stahl und rostfreien Stahl
ES2172412B1 (es) * 2000-07-21 2003-10-01 Nueva Fl Iberica S A Procedimiento para la preparacion de fluidos lubrificantes de corte.
FR2842821B1 (fr) * 2002-07-26 2005-10-28 Pollen Union De Cooperatives A Huile de coupe a base d'huiles vegetales
US20040229765A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-18 Xiomara Gutierrez Surfactant package and water in hydrocarbon emulsion using same
US20110237471A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2011-09-29 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Process for metalworking fluid from heavy alkylate
US7419515B2 (en) 2005-08-10 2008-09-02 Advanced Lubrication Technology, Inc. Multi-phase distillate fuel compositions and concentrates containing emulsified boric acid
US7494959B2 (en) * 2005-08-10 2009-02-24 Advanced Lubrication Technology Inc. Multi-phase lubricant compositions containing emulsified boric acid
US7972393B2 (en) 2005-08-10 2011-07-05 Advanced Lubrication Technology, Inc. Compositions comprising boric acid
US7651559B2 (en) 2005-11-04 2010-01-26 Franklin Industrial Minerals Mineral composition
US7833339B2 (en) 2006-04-18 2010-11-16 Franklin Industrial Minerals Mineral filler composition
JP2008062361A (ja) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-21 Nippon Oil Corp 極微量油剤供給式切削・研削加工方法および極微量油剤供給式切削・研削加工用油剤組成物
MX2011011807A (es) * 2009-05-08 2012-04-30 Quaker Chem Corp Fluido lubricante de aceite en agua de tamaño pequeño de particula.
BR112014013879A2 (pt) * 2011-12-09 2017-06-13 Zhong Kuan composição e método de usinagem de ferro
EP3508561A1 (de) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-10 Castrol Limited Für metallbearbeitungsanwendungen nützliche, mizellare emulsionen

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2303142A (en) 1939-08-15 1942-11-24 Earl D Spangler Lubricating mixtures for cold reducing mills
US2425174A (en) 1941-07-31 1947-08-05 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Lubricant composition
US3298954A (en) 1964-03-27 1967-01-17 Standard Oil Co Metal working lubricant
US3429815A (en) 1965-10-08 1969-02-25 Bethlehem Steel Corp Rolling oils
US3444080A (en) * 1967-04-14 1969-05-13 Shell Oil Co Lubricant for rolling metals
US3726799A (en) * 1971-05-18 1973-04-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Water based rolling lubricant
US4027512A (en) * 1976-05-04 1977-06-07 The Dow Chemical Company Lubricant-coolant emulsion additive for metal working operations
US4202193A (en) * 1978-10-03 1980-05-13 National Steel Corporation Apparatus for controlling the concentration and stability of an emulsion
US4237021A (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-12-02 Karlshamns Oljefabriker Metal working emulsion
JPS60112895A (ja) * 1983-11-24 1985-06-19 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd 金属圧延用潤滑油
US4618441A (en) * 1984-11-23 1986-10-21 Aluminum Company Of America Metalworking with a lubricant composition comprising mineral oil and alkoxyalkyl ester
US5583100A (en) 1993-10-08 1996-12-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Oil compositions for hot rolling aluminum and aluminum alloys
US5693596A (en) * 1994-10-25 1997-12-02 Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. Cutting fluid, method for production thereof, and method for cutting ingot
JP2842300B2 (ja) * 1995-05-22 1998-12-24 不二製油株式会社 動植物性潤滑油
DE19525407A1 (de) 1995-07-12 1997-01-16 Henkel Kgaa Schmierverfahren für schwere Umformungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE350437T1 (de) 2007-01-15
TR199901716T2 (en) 1999-09-21
WO1998032818A1 (de) 1998-07-30
DE59813870D1 (de) 2007-02-15
US6245723B1 (en) 2001-06-12
DE19703085A1 (de) 1998-07-30
EP0968263A1 (de) 2000-01-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0968263B1 (de) Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung
DE102008011781A1 (de) Niedrigviskos bis hochviskos eingestellte wasserbasierte Schmierstoffzusammensetzung
DE3421474A1 (de) Metallbearbeitungsoel-zusammensetzung
DE68927236T2 (de) Schmierölzusammensetzung
US20160102268A1 (en) Drilling fluid system
DE2907863C2 (de) Metallbearbeitungsemulsion
EP0642571B1 (de) Anti-nebel-additiv für wassermischbare und wassergemischte kühlschmierstoffe
DE19852203A1 (de) Schmiermittel mit Feststoffpartikeln einer Teilchengröße unter 500 nm
EP0563806A2 (de) Zusammensetzungen mit 1-Chlor-2,2,2-trifluorethyl-difluormethylether
DE2204599A1 (de) Schmiermittel und dessen verwendung
WO2001027226A1 (de) Schmiermittel zur metallbearbeitung mit ferromagnetischen oder ferrimagnetischen nanopartikeln
DE2604710A1 (de) Schmiermittel fuer die metallbearbeitung
DE4229848A1 (de) Aminfreie Kühlschmierstoffe
EP0837744B1 (de) Schmierverfahren für schwere umformungen
WO1998008921A1 (de) Verwendung von wismutverbindungen in kühlschmiermitteln
WO2001042402A1 (de) Metallbearbeitungsemulsion und metallbearbeitungsverfahren
WO2009026916A2 (de) Kühlschmierstoff
DE102010031094A1 (de) Tenside für Kühlschmierstoffe
DE10009997A1 (de) Kühlschmierstoff und Kühlschmierstoffkonzentrat enthaltend feinteiliges Zinkoxid
CZ270199A3 (cs) Způsob výroby chladicí a mazací kapaliny
WO1997015645A1 (de) Öllösliche stickstofffreie korrosionsinhibitoren mit guter pufferwirkung
DE966122C (de) Metallbearbeitungsoel
EP0667891A1 (de) Dialkylether in metalloberflächen-behandlungsmitteln
EP0919607A2 (de) Schmierstoff für die mechanische Bearbeitung bzw. Verarbeitung von Werkstoffen sowie Additiv für einen Schmierstoff
DD220968B1 (de) Schneidoel zur spanabhebenden fertigung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19990720

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20021016

RTI1 Title (correction)

Free format text: USE OF A COOLING LUBRICANT EMULSION FOR CHIP-FORMING METALWORKING

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: C10M 177/00 20060101ALI20060628BHEP

Ipc: C10M 173/00 20060101AFI20060628BHEP

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070103

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070103

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070103

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070131

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070131

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59813870

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20070215

Kind code of ref document: P

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070414

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 20070103

EN Fr: translation not filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070103

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20071005

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: HENKEL K.G.A.A.

Effective date: 20070131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070103

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070824

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070120

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20070103

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20150121

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 59813870

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160802