EP0968263B1 - Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung - Google Patents
Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0968263B1 EP0968263B1 EP98905317A EP98905317A EP0968263B1 EP 0968263 B1 EP0968263 B1 EP 0968263B1 EP 98905317 A EP98905317 A EP 98905317A EP 98905317 A EP98905317 A EP 98905317A EP 0968263 B1 EP0968263 B1 EP 0968263B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- oil
- weight
- parts
- cooling lubricant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/10—Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/08—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/16—Ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/30—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms
- C10M129/32—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
- C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
- C10M129/42—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/74—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/68—Esters
- C10M129/76—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/22—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms containing a carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
- C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/24—Polyethers
- C10M145/26—Polyoxyalkylenes
- C10M145/36—Polyoxyalkylenes etherified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/02—Natural products
- C10M159/08—Fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/063—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/105—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/22—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/402—Castor oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides
- C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/086—Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/12—Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/12—Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
- C10M2215/122—Phtalamic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
- C10M2215/226—Morpholines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/042—Sulfate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of a water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion for machining metals, which is obtainable by mixing a water-miscible concentrate of a coolant lubricant emulsion with water and dispersed into the resulting mixture a water-immiscible cutting oil on a native basis under high shear.
- Cooling lubricants are preparations / mixtures used in metal cutting and metal forming for cooling and lubricating the tools.
- the most important machining processes are distinguished by the type of movements that the machined part and tool perform, the geometry of the parts to be machined and the machining parameters. For example, a distinction is made between milling, turning, drilling and grinding as machining operations as well as rolling, deep-drawing and cold extrusion as chipless forming.
- the common principle of the metal cutting machining methods is that the tool cutting edge engages the material, thereby lifting a chip from the surface, thus creating a new surface. For the fragmentation of the material very high pressures are required. The deformation of the chip and the resulting friction under pressure produces heat that heats the workpiece, the tool and above all the chips.
- the desired effect of the use of cooling lubricants is therefore the lowering of the temperature, otherwise in the chips z. B. can rise to 1000 ° C, and in the manufactured parts influence on the dimensional stability.
- Another major task of the coolants is to improve the tool life which quickly wears out under the influence of high temperature.
- the roughness of the surfaces is reduced because the lubricant prevents welding of tool and workpiece surface and avoids the adhesion of particles.
- the cooling lubricant takes over the task of removing the chips formed.
- Water-mixed coolants are manufactured by the user by mixing a concentrate of the water-miscible cooling lubricant with process water. As a rule, about 5% aqueous emulsions are produced.
- the advantage of this type of cooling lubricant is the good cooling effect, which is based on the thermal properties of the water. Due to the good cooling effect, it is possible to achieve very high working speeds and thus to increase the productivity of machines.
- the lubricating effect of the water-mixed cooling lubricants is sufficient for most machining processes in machining. Another advantage is the low cost that can be achieved by the possible mixing of the concentrate with water.
- water-mixed cooling lubricants are against Foreign influences, especially against the infestation by microorganisms are sensitive and therefore require more control and care than non-water-miscible cooling lubricants such as cutting oils, grinding oils and forming oils.
- Non-water-miscible and water-miscible cooling lubricants are often based on mineral oil.
- the mineral oil grades used are predominantly combinations of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.
- so-called synthetic lubricants such as polyalphaolefins, polyalkylene glycols and glycol ethers, dialkyl ethers, acetals, natural ester oils and synthetic esters and their derivatives are also important.
- cooling lubricants In order to meet the requirements of the practice, cooling lubricants must contain various components in addition to the base oil.
- the most important substance groups are emulsifiers, corrosion protection additives, biocides, EP additives, polar additives, anti-fog additives, anti-aging agents, solid lubricant additives and defoamers.
- Emulsifiers eg, surfactants, petroleum sulfonates, alkali soaps, alkanolamine soaps
- Emulsifiers stabilize the fine distribution of oil droplets in the aqueous working fluid, which is an oil-in-water emulsion.
- the emulsifiers are quantitatively an important group of additives in the water-miscibleméschmierstofferl.
- Conventional corrosion protection additives for example alkanolamines and their salts, sulfonates, organic boron compounds, fatty acid amides, aminodicarboxylic acids, phosphoric acid esters, thiophosphonic acid esters, dialkyldithiophosphates, mono- and dialkylarylsulfonates, benzotriazoles, polyisobutene-succinic acid derivatives
- Some corrosion protection additives have simultaneously emulsifying properties and therefore find their application as an emulsifier.
- Biocides eg phenol derivatives, formaldehyde derivatives, Kathon MW
- EP additives eg sulphurised fats and oils, phosphorus compounds, organochlorine Compounds
- Polar additives eg natural fats and oils, synthetic esters
- Anti-aging agents eg organic sulfides, zinc dithiophosphates, aromatic amines ensure a long service life of the cooling lubricants.
- the second important function of the cooling lubricants lies in the lubricating effect (see the article by W. Klose: "Cooling Lubricants on Metal Surfaces", Mitanderen of the Association of German Enamel Experts, 41, Issue 11, pages 138-142 (1993)). Accordingly, the effect of the lubricating components is based on the formation of surface layers which have a lower shear strength relative to the base material and thus reduce friction and wear. The spectrum of surface states ranges from adsorptively bound layers via chemisorption to chemical reaction layers, which create a solid bond to the metal surface.
- lubricant coating on a surface is adsorptive lubricant layers. They are produced for example by mineral oils without special additives.
- the formation of the adsorption layers can be enhanced by additions of polar active substances such as fatty alcohols or fatty esters.
- polar active substances such as fatty alcohols or fatty esters.
- an interaction between the metal surface and the lubricant molecules occurs, which leads to a partial chemisorptive binding of the fatty alcohols or fatty esters.
- chemisorptive lubricant coaters are fatty acids.
- the hydrophilic carboxyl group is chemically bonded to the metal surface by reaction with the metal atoms and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical aligns perpendicular to the surface.
- the increased adhesive strength of the chemisorptive layer improves the Pressure absorption capacity compared to purely adsorptive lubricant layers, but is not sufficient for many cases of metal forming to reduce friction and wear.
- EP or AW additives extreme pressure or anti-wear additives
- These are usually chloro, phosphorus or sulfur-containing agents.
- reaction layers in the form of metal chlorides, metal phosphates or metal sulfides.
- the reaction layers formed on the metal surface act on the one hand as solid lubricant layers, which are constantly removed and renewed during the forming process. On the other hand, they form monomolecular surface films that can attach further lubricant components.
- Water-mixed cooling lubricants are a widely used type of cooling lubricant. In practice, however, different water-mixed cooling lubricants are used to meet the different requirements with regard to corrosion protection for the various materials being processed, lubricity at high operating speed, service life and not least safety at work and environmental behavior. Manufacturers of coolant concentrates therefore have to produce many different types, keep them in stock and transport them in small batches. The user may have to discard usable emulsions if a different type of coolant lubricant is required because of changed materials. These processes are costly and environmentally disadvantageous.
- US-A-4 027 512 relates to an oil-in-water cooling lubricant emulsion containing a free fatty acid dissolved in a solvent. This solution is then part of the oil phase of the emulsion. In the examples it is shown that the addition of a fatty acid without a solvent does not produce the desired effect.
- inhomogeneous mixture means that the cutting oil is not emulsified into the water-miscible cooling lubricant emulsion. In the case of emulsifying the cutting oil, lubrication is insufficient.
- the object of the invention is to provide a new type of water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion for use for machining metals, which can be used for a broader range of applications.
- a novel type of cooling lubricant is provided by the invention, so that it is possible to emulsify a non-water-miscible, native-based cutting oil into a per se conventional water-blended cooling lubricant emulsion by using high shear energy and thereby obtain a stable oil-in-water emulsion ,
- Such a combination with at least two different oil components can be used for a wide range of applications.
- the proportions of cutting oil to the proportions of water-miscible concentrate such as 10 to 80 to 100 and in particular such as 20 to 70 to 100 behave.
- the invention is thus based mainly on, in contrast to the usual teachings of practice in a conventional per se coolant emulsion situatergieren a per se water-immiscible cutting oil on a native basis.
- a high shear energy compared to the prior art for the production of water-mixed coolant emulsions is required.
- intensive mixers such as an Ultraturrax (number of revolutions 10,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute) or high-speed rotor-stator systems come into consideration.
- Ultraturrax it is dispersed at 20,000 revolutions per minute for a period of about 1 to about 5 minutes.
- An alternative to this during operation is to add the cutting oil in the running system at a point of high turbulence. The dispersion then takes place by the shear forces during the metalworking processes.
- the Einzelkömponenten are known as coolants or as concentrates for cooling lubricant emulsions in the prior art.
- an emulsion concentrate composed of from about 20 to about 60% by weight of an oil component, preferably ester oil, but also paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oil, which desirably contains lubricity additives, and 0 to 25% by weight Water.
- the remainder to 100 wt .-% consists of emulsifiers, preferably based on fatty alcohol ethoxylates, from corrosion inhibitors, preferably based on alkali metal carboxylates, amine soaps, ethanolamine soaps and / or ethanolamides, and optionally from other known for this product group in the art auxiliary or Active ingredients, as they are mentioned for example in the example concentrates.
- mineral oil synthetic oils such as polyolefins can be used.
- Alternative oil components with increased biodegradability are acetals or dialkyl ethers.
- the concentrate of a water-miscible cooling lubricant emulsion used in substep a) can be composed of (data in% by weight):
- oils are used in step b) ester-based.
- these are native triglycerides or modification products thereof, wax esters and fatty acid esters of monoalkanols having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, for example tallow fatty acid ethylhexyl ester or transesterified rapeseed oil, and fatty acid esters of polyols, where trimethylolpropane can be used as the polyol component.
- the oils may contain additional auxiliaries, in particular EP additives, for example in the form of sulfurized compounds, antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors.
- the non-water-miscible cutting oil is selected from oxidation-stabilized fatty acid glycerides in the form of triesters having three fatty acids having 14 to 22 carbon atoms per fatty acid and oxidation-stabilized diesters having two fatty acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms per fatty acid.
- the ready-to-use water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion of the oil-in-water type to be used according to the invention can be produced directly by the user.
- the emulsion could also be manufactured centrally and transported to the individual users. This is uneconomical and environmentally detrimental, as this large quantities of water would have to be transported.
- a user of a conventional coolant lubricant emulsion can also exercise the present invention by subsequently dispersing a cutting oil, as described above, in this previously commissioned emulsion in accordance with sub-step b).
- the emulsions to be used lead to better frictional wear values than conventional emulsions without the addition of a water-immiscible cutting oil on a native basis. They also cause improved corrosion protection. In scanning electron micrographs they act like a "two-phase lubricant" with a finely emulsified O / W emulsion and coarsely dispersed cutting oil.
- the droplet sizes themselves are dependent on the shear conditions and therefore may vary. However, the ranges of droplet sizes overlap, so that in particle size determinations with light scattering methods, for example with a Sympatec Helios Vectra device, usually only receives a distribution maximum. This is preferably in the range between about 0.5 and about 8 microns, in particular between about 1 and about 4 microns.
- the particle size can also be determined by light microscopy or video microscopy.
- the ready-mixed water-mixed cooling lubricant emulsion is therefore characterized in that it is an oil-in-water emulsion in which more than 95% of the oil particles are smaller than 0.5 .mu.m and in which the water-immiscible cutting oil is so dispersed that it at least 50% in the form of particles having a size in the range of 0.5 to 8 microns.
- the abovementioned concentrates 1 and 3 were used as water-miscible concentrates according to sub-step a).
- the parts by weight of concentrate given in the table below were stirred into as many parts by weight of water (with a water hardness corresponding to 20 ° German hardness) with a glass rod that 100 parts by weight of a conventional coolant lubricant emulsion emerged.
- the comparative experiments 1a and 1b as well as 3a and 3b were carried out.
- Lubricating lubricant emulsions according to the invention were obtained by emulsifying in the emulsion according to 1a 2 parts by weight and in emulsion 3a one part by weight of a native cutting oil based on esters.
- the cutting oil consisted of a mixture of oxidation-stabilized fatty acid glycerides in the form of triesters having three fatty acids having 14 to 22 C atoms per fatty acid and tixation-stabilized diesters having two fatty acids having 12 to 22 C atoms per fatty acid (P3-multan R 201, Henkel KGaA, Dusseldorf).
- the cutting oil of the water-mixed emulsion was added and dispersed with an Ultraturrax for one minute at 20,000 revolutions per minute.
- a friction wear test according to Reichert was carried out. This method is used to determine the pressure absorption capacity (EP behavior), as well as to determine the adhesion of liquid lubricants.
- EP behavior pressure absorption capacity
- a test roller is adapted by means of a lever system to a rotating slip ring, which dips with its lower third in the lubricant to be tested.
- the test roller cleaned in petroleum spirit is installed in the swiveling holder.
- the holder is swung in and clamped.
- the slip ring remains clamped several test runs in the device, where it is also cleaned after each test run with boiling fuel.
- the test roller is brought to the slip ring by slowly applying the load weight (1.5 kg).
- the counter located on the Reichert scales is set to 0.
- the rotating slip ring immersed in the lubricant continuously supplies the contact point with lubricant.
- the test roller is removed from the slip ring.
- the test roll is removed and the resulting ground mark measured by means of a measuring magnifier.
- the ellipse area is calculated to be 0.785 * longitude * latitude, or is read by means of a number table. As many test runs are carried out until the ellipse areas of the last 3 test runs do not differ from each other by more than 10%.
- the pressure absorption capacity is greater, the smaller the determined ellipse surface.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen, welche dadurch erhältlich ist, dass man ein wassermischbares Konzentrat einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion mit Wasser vermischt und in die erhaltene Mischung ein mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl auf nativer Basis unter starker Scherung eindispergiert.
- Kühlschmierstoffe sind Zubereitungen/Gemische, die bei der Metallzerspanung und bei der Metallumformung zum Kühlen und Schmieren der Werkzeuge verwendet werden. Die wichtigsten Bearbeitungsverfahren unterscheiden sich durch die Art der Bewegungen, die das bearbeitete Teil und Werkzeug ausführen, durch die Geometrie der herzustellenden Teile und die Bearbeitungsparameter. Man unterscheidet beispielsweise Fräsen, Drehen, Bohren und Schleifen als spanabhebende Bearbeitungen sowie Walzen, Tiefziehen und Kaltfließpressen als spanlose Umformungen.
- Das gemeinsame Prinzip der spanabhebenden Metallbearbeitungsverfahren ist, daß die Werkzeugschneide in das Material eingreift und dabei einen Span von der Oberfläche abhebt, so daß eine neue Oberfläche entsteht. Für die Zerteilung des Materials sind sehr hohe Drücke erforderlich. Durch die Verformung des Spans und durch die auftretende Reibung unter dem Druck entsteht Wärme, die das Werkstück, das Werkzeug und vor allem die Späne aufheizt.
- Die erwünschte Wirkung des Einsatzes von Kühlschmierstoffen ist daher die Senkung der Temperatur, die ansonsten in den Spänen z. B. bis auf 1000° C steigen kann, und die bei den hergestellten Teilen Einfluß auf die Maßhaltigkeit hat. Eine weitere Hauptaufgabe der Kühlschmierstoffe ist, die Standzeit der Werkzeuge zu verbessern, die unter dem Einfluß hoher Temperatur schnell verschleißen. Durch Verwendung eines Kühlschmierstoffes wird die Rauhigkeit der Oberflächen vermindert, da der Schmierstoff Verschweißungen von Werkzeug und Werkstückoberfläche verhindert und das Anhaften von Partikeln vermeidet. Darüber hinaus übernimmt der Kühlschmierstoff die Aufgabe, die gebildeten Späne abzutransportieren.
- Mit der Neufassung der DIN 51385 Nr. 1 wurde eine eindeutige Benennung der Kühlschmierstoffe geschaffen, wobei von nichtwassermischbaren, wassermischbaren und von wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffen die Rede ist. Nach DIN 51385 wird unter den Begriffen "wassergemischt" der Endzustand des fertigen Mediums (meistens Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen), unter "wassermischbar" jedoch der Zustand des Konzentrates verstanden.
- Wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe werden beim Verwender hergestellt durch Mischen eines Konzentrates des wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffs mit Betriebswasser. In der Regel werden ca. 5 %ige wäßrige Emulsionen hergestellt. Vorteil dieses Kühlschmierstofftyps ist die gute Kühlwirkung, die auf den thermischen Eigenschaften des Wassers beruht. Durch die gute Kühlwirkung ist es möglich, sehr hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten zu erreichen und damit die Produktivität von Maschinen zu steigern. Die Schmierwirkung der wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffe reicht für die meisten Bearbeitungsverfahren in der spanabhebenden Fertigung aus. Ein weiterer Vorteil sind die niedrigen Kosten, die durch die mögliche Mischung des Konzentrates mit Wasser erreicht werden. Nachteil von wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffen ist, daß sie gegen Fremdeinflüsse, insbesondere gegen den Befall durch Mikroorganismen empfindlich sind und daher mehr Kontrolle und Pflege erfordern als nicht wassermischbare Kühlsschmierstoffe wie beispielsweise Schneidöle, Schleiföle und Umformöle.
- Die Tabelle zeigt eine Zusammenfassung der Anforderungen für wassermischbare und wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe:
- Kühl- und Schmierwirkung
- Rostschutz
- kein Angriff auf Nichteisen-Metalle
- toxikologische Unbedenklichkeit insbesondere Hautverträglichkeit
- keine Schaumbildung
- kein Angriff auf Lacke und Dichtungen
- Emulsionsstabilität
- keine Verklebung oder Verharzung
- gute Mischbarkeit
- angenehmer Geruch
- sauberes Aussehen
- gute Filtrierbarkeit
- problemlose Entsorgung.
- Ein Überblick über die formgebenden Metallbearbeitungsprozesse und die hierfür üblicherweise verwendeten Hilfsmittel ist beispielsweise Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed., Vol. A15, 479-486 zu entnehmen. Das Spektrum der Anbietungsformen der in Betracht kommenden Hilfsmittel reicht dabei von Ölen über Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen bis hin zu wäßrigen Lösungen.
- Nichtwassermischbare und wassermischbare Kühlschmierstoffe sind häufig auf Mineralöl aufgebaut. Die verwendeten Mineralölqualitäten sind überwiegend Kombinationen von paraffinischen, naphthenischen und aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen. Neben den Mineralölen haben auch sog. synthetische Schmiermittel ("synthetische Öle") wie Polyalphaolefine, Polyalkylenglykole und glykolether, Dialkylether, Acetale, natürliche Esteröle sowie synthetische Ester und ihre Derivate Bedeutung.
- Um die Anforderungen der Praxis erfüllen zu können, müssen Kühlschmierstoffe neben dem Grundöl verschiedene Komponenten enthalten. Die wichtigsten Substanzgruppen sind die Emulgatoren, Korrosionschutzzusätze, Biozide, EP-Zusätze, polare Zusätze, Antinebelzusätze, Alterungsschutzstoffe, Festschmierzusätze und Entschäumer.
- Emulgatoren (z. B. Tenside, Petroleumsulfonate, Alkaliseifen, Alkanolaminseifen) stabilisieren die feine Verteilung von Öltröpfchen in der wäßrigen Arbeitsflüssigkeit, die eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion darstellt. Die Emulgatoren stellen mengenmäßig eine wichtige Gruppe an Zusatzstoffen bei den wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstofferl dar.
- Übliche Korosionsschutzzusätze (z. B. Alkanolamine und ihre Salze, Sulfonate, organische Borverbindungen, Fettsäureamide, Aminodicarbonsäuren, Phosphorsäureester, Thiophosphonsäureester, Dialkyldithiophosphate, Mono- und Dialkylarylsulfonate, Benzotriazole, Polyisobutenbemsteinsäurederivate) sollen das Rosten von Metalloberflächen verhindern. Einige Korrosionsschutzzusätze haben gleichzeitig emulgierende Eigenschaften und finden deshalb auch als Emulgator ihre Anwendung. Biozide (z. B. Phenol-Derivate, Formaldehydabkömmlinge, Kathon MW) sollen das Wachstum von Bakterien und Pilzen verhindern. EP-Zusätze (z. B. geschwefelte Fette und Öle, phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, chlororganische Verbindungen) sollen Mikroverschweißungen zwischen Metalloberflächen bei hohen Drücken und Temperaturen verhindern. Polare Zusätze (z. B. natürliche Fette und Öle, synthetische Ester) erhöhen die Schmierungseigenschaften. Alterungsschutzstoffe (z. B. organische Sulfide, Zinkdithiophosphate, aromatische Amine) gewährleisten eine lange Gebrauchsdauer der Kühlschmierstoffe.
- Neben der Kühlwirkung liegt die zweite wichtige Funktion der Kühlschmierstoffe in der Schmierwirkung (siehe den Artikel von W. Klose: "Kühlschmiermittel auf Metalloberflächen", Mitteilungen des Vereins Deutscher Emailfachleute, 41, Heft 11, Seiten 138-142 (1993)). Demnach beruht die Wirkung der schmierenden Komponenten auf der Bildung von Oberflächenschichten, die gegenüber dem Grundwerkstoff eine niedrigere Scherfestigkeit besitzen und damit Reibung und Verschleiß herabsetzen. Das Spektrum der Oberflächenzustände reicht dabei von adsorptiv gebundenen Schichten über Chemiesorption bis zu chemischen Reaktionsschichten, die einen festen Verbund zur Metalloberfläche erzeugen.
- Die einfachste Form der Schmierstoffbelegung einer Oberfläche sind adsorptive Schmierstoffschichten. Sie werden beispielsweise durch Mineralöle ohne besondere Additive erzeugt. Die Bildung der Adsorptionsschichten kann durch Zusätze polarer Wirkstoffe wie Fettalkohole oder Fettester verstärkt werden. Dabei tritt über die rein physikalische Adsorption hinaus eine Wechselwirkung zwischen der Metalloberfläche und den Schmierstoffmolekülen ein, die zu einer partiellen chemiesorptiven Bindung der Fettalkohole oder der Fettester führt.
- Typische Vertreter chemiesorptiver Schmierstoff-Schichtbildner sind Fettsäuren. Die hydrophile Carboxylgruppe wird durch Reaktion mit den Metallatomen chemisch an die Metalloberfläche gebunden und der hydrophobe Kohlenwasserstoffrest richtet sich senkrecht zur Oberfläche aus. Die erhöhte Haftfestigkeit der chemiesorptiven Schicht verbessert zwar das Druckaufnahmevermögen gegenüber rein adsorptiven Schmierstoffschichten, reicht jedoch für viele Fälle der Metallumformung zur Reib- und Verschleißminderung noch nicht aus. Hier bringen erst Beimengungen von EP- bzw. AW-Zusätzen (extreme pressure bzw. anti wear-Zusätze) eine hinreichende Verbesserung der Schmierleistung, so daß auch schwierige Umformprozesse ermöglicht werden. Hierbei handelt es sich in der Regel um Chlor-, Phosphor- oder Schwefel-haltige Wirkstoffe. Deren Wirkung beruht auf der Ausbildung von chemischen Reaktionsschichten in Form von Metallchloriden, Metallphosphaten oder Metallsulfiden. Aus Entsorgungsgründen besteht heute das Bestreben, auf Chlorhaltige EP-Zusätze nach Möglichkeit zu verzichten. Die an der Metalloberfläche gebildeten Reaktionsschichten wirken einerseits als Festschmierstoffschichten, die während des Umformvorganges ständig abgetragen und erneuert werden. Andererseits bilden Sie monomolekulare Oberflächenfilme, die weitere Schmierstofflcomponenten anlagern können.
- Wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe stellen einen weit verbreiteten Kühlschmierstofftyp da. In der Praxis sind jedoch unterschiedliche wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffe im Einsatz, um die unterschiedlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich Korrosionsschutz für die verschiedenen bearbeiteten Materialien, Schmierwirkung bei hoher Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit, Standzeit und nicht zuletzt Arbeitsschutz und Umweltverhalten zu erfüllen. Hersteller von Kühlschmierstoffkonzentraten müssen daher viele unterschiedliche Typen fertigen, auf Lager halten und in Kleinchargen transportieren. Beim Anwender müssen gegebenenfalls noch benutzbare Emulsionen verworfen werden, falls wegen geänderter Materialen ein anderer Kühlschmierstofftyp erforderlich wird. Diese Vorgänge sind kostenintensiv und unter Umweltaspekten nachteilig.
- Die US-A-4 027 512 betrifft eine Öl-in-Wasser-Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, welche eine freie Fettsäure in einem Lösungsmittel gelöst enthält. Diese Lösung ist dann Teil der ÖlPhase der Emulsion. In den Beispielen wird gezeigt, dass die Zugabe einer Fettsäure ohne ein Lösungsmittel nicht die erwünschte Wirkung erbringt.
- In der DE-A-195 25 407 wird ein Verfahren zum Schmieren von Werkstücken aus Metall für Umformprozesse durch Ziehen, Tiefziehen oder Kaltfließpressen beschrieben. Hierbei bringt man auf das Werkstück eine inhomogene Mischung auf, welche ein Konzentrat einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, ein mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl, ein Schmieradditiv sowie Wasser enthält. Der Begriff "inhomogene Mischung" bedeutet, dass das Schneidöl nicht in die wassermischbare Kühlschmierstoffemulsion einemulgiert wird. Im Falle eines Einemulgierens des Schneidöls ist die Schmierung unzureichend.
- Demgegenüber besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, für die Verwendung zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen einen neuen Typ einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion bereit zu stellen, die für ein verbreitertes Anwendungsspektrum ein setzbar ist. Ein derartiger neuer Kühlsschmierstofftyp wird durch die Erfindung zur Verfügung gestellt, so dass es möglich ist, in eine an sich konventionelle wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffemulsion durch Anwendung hoher Scherenergie ein nicht wassermischbares Schneidöl auf nativer Basis einzuemulgieren und hierdurch eine stabile Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion zu erhalten. Eine derartige Kombination mit mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Ölkomponenten kann für ein breites Anwendungsspektrum eingesetzt werden.
- Die Erfindung betrifft daher die Verwendung einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, welche dadurch erhältlich ist, dass man
- a) 2 bis 15 Gewichtsteile eines wassermischbaren Konzentrats einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion mit 98 bis 85 Gewichtsteilen Wasser vermischt, um eine 100 Gewichtsteile umfassende Mischung zu erhalten, und anschließend
- b) 1 bis 14 Gewichtsteile eines mit Wasser nicht mischbaren Schneidöls auf nativer Basis, ausgewählt aus Ölen auf Esterbasis, unter starker Scherung in die Mischung a) eindispergiert, wobei man derart schert, daß eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion resultiert, bei der mehr als 95 % der Ölteilchen kleiner als 0,5 µm sind und in die das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl derart eindispergiert ist, dass es zu mindestens 50 % in Form von Teilchen mit einer Größe im Bereich von 0,5 bis 8 µm vorliegt, zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen.
- Vorzugsweise verwendet man hierbei weniger Gewichtsteile mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl als Gewichtsteile wassermischbares Konzentrat. Vorzugsweise verhalten sich die Anteile an Schneidöl zu den Anteilen an wassermischbarem Konzentrat wie 10 bis 80 zu 100 und insbesondere wie 20 bis 70 zu 100.
- Die Erfindung beruht also hauptsächlich darauf, entgegen den üblichen Lehren der Praxis in einer an sich konventionelle Kühlschmierstoffemulsion ein an sich nicht wassermischbares Schneidöl auf nativer Basis einzudispergieren. Hierfür ist eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zur Herstellung wassergemischter Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen hohe Scherenenergie erforderlich. Beispielsweise kann man die erforderliche Scherung durch Rühren mit einer Zahnscheibe bewirken. Alternativ kommen Intensivmischer wie beispielsweise ein Ultraturrax (Umdrehungszahl 10.000 bis 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute) oder hochdrehende Rotor-Stator-Systeme in Betracht. Bei Verwendung eines Ultraturrax wird bei 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute für eine Zeitdauer von etwa 1 bis etwa 5 Minuten dispergiert. Eine Alternative hierzu besteht im laufenden Betrieb darin, daß man das Schneidöl im laufenden System an einer Stelle hoher Turbulenz zugibt. Das Dispergieren erfolgt dann durch die Scherkräfte während der Metallbearbeitungsprozesse.
- Dabei sind die Einzelkömponenten als Kühlschmierstoffe oder als Konzentrate für Kühlschmierstoffemulsionen im Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise kann man im Teilschritt a) ein Emulsionskonzentrat einsetzen, das zusammengesetzt ist aus etwa 20 bis etwa 60 Gew.-% einer Ölkomponente, vorzugsweise Esteröl, jedoch auch paraffinisches oder naphthenisches Mineralöl, das erwünschtenfalls Schmieradditive enthält, und 0 bis 25 Gew.-% Wasser. Der Rest zu 100 Gew.-% besteht aus Emulgatoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Fettalkoholethoxylaten, aus Korrosionsinhibitoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Alkalicarboxylaten, Aminseifen, Ethanolaminseifen und/oder Ethanolamiden, sowie gegebenenfalls aus weiteren für diese Produktgruppe im Stand der Technik bekannten Hilfs- oder Wirkstoffen, wie sie beispielsweise in den Beispielskonzentraten genannt sind.
- Anstelle des Mineralöls können synthetische Öle wie beispielsweise Polyolefine eingesetzt werden. Alternative Ölkomponenten mit erhöhter biologischer Abbaubarkeit sind Acetale oder Dialkylether.
- Beispielsweise kann das im Teilschritt a) eingesetzte Konzentrat einer wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion zusammengesetzt sein aus (Angaben in Gew.-%):
-
57 % Mineralöl 16,5 % C14-20-Fettsäuregemisch 4,4 % Kalilauge, 45-%ig 5,5 % Alkylsulfonamidocarbonsäure 7,0%- Hexandiol 4,0 % Petrolsulfenat 0,4 % Triazolderivat 3,0 % Hexahydrazin 0,2 % , o-Pheüylphenol Rest: vollentsalztes Wasser -
35% Mineralöl 7,5% C14-20-Fettsäuregemisch 11,5 % C32-36-Dimerfettsäuregemisch 8,0 % C6-9-Carbonsäure-Gemisch 12,5 % Kalilauge, 45 %-ig 17,0% ethoxylierte Fettalkohole (2 - 5 Ethylenoxidgruppen) 3,0 % Halbacetal 0,3 % Na-Pyrion Rest: vollentsalztes Wasser -
35,5 % Mineralöl 6,5 % C14-20-Fettsäuregemisch 7,0 % Borsäure 3,0 % C6-9-Carbonsäure-Gemisch 11,0 % Gemisch primärer und tertiärer Alkanolamine 8,5 % Fettsäureamid 8,5 % ethoxylierte Fettalkohole (2 - 5 Ethylenoxidgruppen) 1,0 % Butyldiglykol 0,2% Na-Pyrion Rest: vollentsalztes Wasser - Als mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl werden im Teilschritt b) Öle auf Esterbasis verwendet. Beispiele hierfür sind native Triglyceride oder Modifizierungsprodukte hiervon, Wachsester und Fettsäureester von Monoalkanolen mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen, beispielsweise Talgfettsäure-Ethylhexylester oder umgeestertes Rapsöl, sowie Fettsäureester von Polyolen, wobei als Polyolkomponente insbesondere Trimethylolpropan verwendet werden kann. Im Teilschritt b) kann man auch Gemische aus solchen Ölen einsetzen. Die Öle können zusätzliche Hilfsstoffe enthalten, wobei insbesondere EP-Additive, beispielsweise in Form geschwefelter Verbindungen, Oxidationsschutzmittel und Korrosionsinhibitoren zu nennen sind. Vorzugsweise wählt man das nicht mit Wasser mischbare Schneidöl aus oxidationsstabilisierten Fettsäureglyceriden in Form von Triestern mit drei Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure und oxidationsstabilisierten Diestern mit zwei Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure.
- Die erfindungsgemäβ zu verwendende anwendungsfertige wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffemulsion vom Typ Öl-in-Wasser kann direkt beim Anwender hergestellt werden. Die Emulsion könnte auch zentral hergestellt und zu den einzelnen Anwendern transportiert werden. Dies ist unwirtschaftlich und ökologisch nachteilig, da hierfür große Mengen Wasser transportiert werden müßten.
- Für die Herstellung der Emulsion ist es nicht erforderlich, die Teilschritte a) und b) unmittelbar hintereinander auszuführen. Vielmehr kann ein Anwender einer konventionellen Kühlschmierstoffemulsion die vorliegende Erfindung auch dadurch ausüben, daß er in diese bereits in Betrieb genommene Emulsion nachträglich gemäß Teilschritt b) ein Schneidöl wie weiter oben beschrieben eindispergiert.
- Die zu verwendenden Emulsionen führen zu besseren Reibverschleißwerten als konventionelle Emulsionen ohne Zusatz eines nicht wassermischbaren Schneidöls auf nativer Basis. Sie bewirken außerdem einen verbesserten Korrosionsschutz. In Rasterelektronenmikroskop-Aufnahmen wirken sie wie ein "Zweiphasenschmierstoff" mit einer fein emulgierten O/W-Emulsion und gröber dispergiertem Schneidöl. Die Tröpfchengrößen selbst sind von den Scherbedingungen abhängig und können daher schwanken. Die Bereiche der Tröpfchengrößen überlappen sich jedoch, so daß man bei Teilchengrößenbestimmungen mit Lichtstreuverfahren, beispielsweise mit einem Sympatec Helios Vectra-Gerät, in der Regel nur ein Verteilungsmaximum erhält. Dieses liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen etwa 0,5 und etwa 8 µm, insbesondere zwischen etwa 1 und etwa 4 µm. Die Teilchengröße kann auch lichtmikroskopisch oder videomikroskopisch bestimmt werden.
- Die anwendungsfertige wassergemischte Kühlschmierstoffemulsion ist also dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion darstellt, bei der mehr als 95 % der Ölteilchen kleiner als 0.5µm sind und in die das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl derart eindispergiert ist, daß es zu mindestens 50 % in Form von Teilchen mit einer Größe im Bereich von 0,5 bis 8 µm vorliegt.
- Für Eignungsprüfungen wurden die vorstehend angegebenen Konzentrate 1 und 3 als wassermischbare Konzentrate gemäß Teilschritt a) eingesetzt. Dabei wurden die in der nachfolgenden Tabelle angegebenen Gewichtsteile Konzentrat in so viele Gewichtsteile Wasser (mit einer Wasserhärte entsprechend 20 ° Deutscher Härte) mit einem Glasstab eingerührt, daß 100 Gewichtsteile einer konventionellen Kühlschmierstoff-Emulsion entstanden. Hiermit wurden die Vergleichsversuche 1a und 1b sowie 3a und 3b durchgeführt.
- Erfindungsgemäße Külilschmierstoffemulsionen wurden erhalten, indem man in die Emulsion gemäß 1a 2 Gewichtsteile und in die Emulsion 3a ein Gewichtsteil eines nativen Schneidöls auf Esterbasis einemulgierte. Das Schneidöl bestand aus einem Gemisch von oxidationsstabilisierten Fettsäureglyceriden in Form von Triestern mit drei Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure und tixidationsstabilisierten Diestern mit zwei Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure (P3-multanR 201, Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf). Hierzu wurde das Schneidöl der wassergemischten Emulsion zugegeben und mit einem Ultraturrax für eine Minute bei 20.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute eindispergiert.
- Als Eignungsprüfung wurde eine Reibverschleißprüfung nach Reichert durchgeführt. Dieses Verfahren dient zur Ermittlung des Druckaufnahmevermögens (EP-Verhalten), sowie zur Ermittlung der Haftfestigkeit von flüssigen Schmierstoffen. Hierbei wird eine Prüfrolle mittels eines Hebelsystems an einen umlaufenden Schleifring angepaßt, der mit seinem unteren Drittel in das zu prüfende Schmiermittel eintaucht. Vor Prüfbeginn wird die in Siedegrenzbenzin gereinigte Prüfrolle in die schwenkbare Halterung eingebaut. Die Halterung wird eingeschwenkt und festgeklemmt. Der Schleifring verbleibt mehrere Prüfläufe in der Vorrichtung eingespannt, wo er ebenfalls nach jedem Prüflauf mit Siedegrenzbenzin gereinigt wird. Die Prüfrolle wird durch langsames Aufbringen des Belastungsgewichtes (1,5 kg) auf den Schleifring gebracht. Das an der Reichertwaage befindliche Zählwerk wird auf 0 gestellt. Durch Einschalten des Motors versorgt der im Schmiermittel eingetauchte, rotierende Schleifring die Berührungstelle fortlaufend mit Schmiermittel. Beim Erreichen der Zahl 100 am Zählwerk (100 Meter Reibungsstrecke) wird die Prüfrolle vom Schleifring entfernt. Die Prüfrolle wird ausgebaut und die entstandene Schliffmarke mittels einer Meßlupe ausgemessen. Die Ellipsenfläche errechnet sich zu 0,785*Länge*Breite, oder wird mittels einer Zahlentabelle abgelesen. Es werden so viele Prüfläufe durchgeführt, bis sich die Ellipsenflächen der letzten 3 Prüfläufe nicht mehr als 10 % voneinander unterscheiden. Das Druckaufnahmevermögen ist um so größer, je kleiner die ermittelte Ellipsenfläche ist.
-
Prüfemulsion Gewichtsteile Konzentrat Gewichtsteile Schneidöl Reibverschleiß 1a (Vergleich) 5 - 33 mm2 1b (Vergleich) 7 - 30 mm2 1c (erfindungsgemäß) 5 2 18 mm2 3a (Vergleich) 3 - 31 mm2 3b (Vergleich) 5 - 30 mm2 3c (erfindungsgemäß) 3 1 15 mm2
Claims (7)
- Verwendung einer wassergemischten Kühlschmierstoffemulsion, welche dadurch erhältlich ist, daß mana) 2 bis 15 Gewichtsteile eines wassermischbaren Konzentrats einer Kühlschmierstoffemulsion mit 98 bis 85 Gewichtsteilen Wasser vermischt, um eine 100 Gewichtsteile umfassende Mischung zu erhalten, und anschließendb) 1 bis 14 Gewichtsteile eines mit Wasser nicht mischbaren Schneidöls auf nativer Basis, ausgewählt aus Ölen auf Esterbasis, unter starker Scherung in die Mischung a) eindispergiert, wobei man derart schert, daß eine Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsion resultiert, bei der mehr als 95 % der Ölteilchen kleiner als 0,5 µm sind und in die das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl derart eindispergiert ist, daß es zu mindestens 50 % in Form von Teilchen mit einer Größe im Bereich von 0,5 bis 8 µm vorliegt, zur spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Metallen.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Konzentrat der wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion im Teilschritt a) zusammengesetzt ist aus 20 - 60 Gew.-% einer Ölkomponente die erwünschtenfalls Schmieradditive enthält, und 0 bis 25 Gew.-% Wasser, wobei der Rest zu 100 Gew.-% aus Emulgatoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Fettalkoholethoxylaten, Korrosionsinhibitoren, vorzugsweise auf Basis von Alkalimetallcarboxylaten, Aminseifen, Ethanolaminseifen und/oder Ethanolamiden, sowie aus weiteren Hilfs- oder Wirkstoffen besteht.
- Verwendung nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl im Teilschritt b) ausgewählt ist aus nativen Triglyceriden oder deren Modifizierungsprodukten, Wachsester, Fettsäureester von Monoalkoholen mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen oder Fettsäureester von Polyolen oder Gemischen hiervon, wobei das Öl zusätzliche Hilfsstoffe, insbesondere EP-Additive, Oxidationsschutzmittel und Korrosionsinhibitoren, enthalten kann.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mit Wasser nicht mischbare Schneidöl ausgewählt ist aus oxidationsstabilisierten Fettsäureglyceriden in Form von Triestern mit drei Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure und oxidationsstabilisierten Diestern mit zwei Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen pro Fettsäure.
- Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ölkomponente, des Konzentrats der wassermischbaren Kühlschmierstoffemulsion im Teilschritt a) ausgewählt ist aus aliphatischen oder naphthenischen Mineralölen, Esterölen, Polyolefinen, Acetalen oder Dialkylethern.
- Verwendung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man weniger Gewichtsteile mit Wasser nicht mischbares Schneidöl als Gewichtsteile wassermischbares Konzentrat einsetzt.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Anteile an Schneidöl zu den Anteilen an wassermischbarem Konzentrat wie 10 bis 80 zu 100, vorzugsweise wie 20 bis 70 zu 100 verhalten.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19703085A DE19703085A1 (de) | 1997-01-29 | 1997-01-29 | Kühlschmierstoffemulsion |
DE19703085 | 1997-01-29 | ||
PCT/EP1998/000277 WO1998032818A1 (de) | 1997-01-29 | 1998-01-20 | Kühlschmierstoffemulsion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0968263A1 EP0968263A1 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
EP0968263B1 true EP0968263B1 (de) | 2007-01-03 |
Family
ID=7818602
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98905317A Expired - Lifetime EP0968263B1 (de) | 1997-01-29 | 1998-01-20 | Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6245723B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0968263B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE350437T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19703085A1 (de) |
TR (1) | TR199901716T2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998032818A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100799420B1 (ko) * | 1999-10-25 | 2008-01-30 | 니폰 오일 코포레이션 (신 니혼 세키유 가부시키 가이샤) | 극미량 오일 공급식 절삭 또는 연삭 가공용 오일 조성물 |
EP1123971A1 (de) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-08-16 | Mobil Oil Francaise | Wasserlösliche Zusammensetzung für Kalt- und Warmwalzen von Kupfer, Kupferlegierungen und Nichteisen-Metalzwischenprodukten |
EP1123965A1 (de) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-08-16 | Mobil Oil Francaise | Kaltwalzöl-Zusammensetzung für Stahl und rostfreien Stahl |
ES2172412B1 (es) * | 2000-07-21 | 2003-10-01 | Nueva Fl Iberica S A | Procedimiento para la preparacion de fluidos lubrificantes de corte. |
FR2842821B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-26 | 2005-10-28 | Pollen Union De Cooperatives A | Huile de coupe a base d'huiles vegetales |
US20040229765A1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-18 | Xiomara Gutierrez | Surfactant package and water in hydrocarbon emulsion using same |
US20110237471A1 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2011-09-29 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Process for metalworking fluid from heavy alkylate |
US7419515B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2008-09-02 | Advanced Lubrication Technology, Inc. | Multi-phase distillate fuel compositions and concentrates containing emulsified boric acid |
US7494959B2 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2009-02-24 | Advanced Lubrication Technology Inc. | Multi-phase lubricant compositions containing emulsified boric acid |
US7972393B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2011-07-05 | Advanced Lubrication Technology, Inc. | Compositions comprising boric acid |
US7651559B2 (en) | 2005-11-04 | 2010-01-26 | Franklin Industrial Minerals | Mineral composition |
US7833339B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2010-11-16 | Franklin Industrial Minerals | Mineral filler composition |
JP2008062361A (ja) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-21 | Nippon Oil Corp | 極微量油剤供給式切削・研削加工方法および極微量油剤供給式切削・研削加工用油剤組成物 |
MX2011011807A (es) * | 2009-05-08 | 2012-04-30 | Quaker Chem Corp | Fluido lubricante de aceite en agua de tamaño pequeño de particula. |
BR112014013879A2 (pt) * | 2011-12-09 | 2017-06-13 | Zhong Kuan | composição e método de usinagem de ferro |
EP3508561A1 (de) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-07-10 | Castrol Limited | Für metallbearbeitungsanwendungen nützliche, mizellare emulsionen |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2303142A (en) | 1939-08-15 | 1942-11-24 | Earl D Spangler | Lubricating mixtures for cold reducing mills |
US2425174A (en) | 1941-07-31 | 1947-08-05 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Lubricant composition |
US3298954A (en) | 1964-03-27 | 1967-01-17 | Standard Oil Co | Metal working lubricant |
US3429815A (en) | 1965-10-08 | 1969-02-25 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Rolling oils |
US3444080A (en) * | 1967-04-14 | 1969-05-13 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricant for rolling metals |
US3726799A (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1973-04-10 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Water based rolling lubricant |
US4027512A (en) * | 1976-05-04 | 1977-06-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Lubricant-coolant emulsion additive for metal working operations |
US4202193A (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1980-05-13 | National Steel Corporation | Apparatus for controlling the concentration and stability of an emulsion |
US4237021A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-12-02 | Karlshamns Oljefabriker | Metal working emulsion |
JPS60112895A (ja) * | 1983-11-24 | 1985-06-19 | Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd | 金属圧延用潤滑油 |
US4618441A (en) * | 1984-11-23 | 1986-10-21 | Aluminum Company Of America | Metalworking with a lubricant composition comprising mineral oil and alkoxyalkyl ester |
US5583100A (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1996-12-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Oil compositions for hot rolling aluminum and aluminum alloys |
US5693596A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1997-12-02 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Cutting fluid, method for production thereof, and method for cutting ingot |
JP2842300B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-22 | 1998-12-24 | 不二製油株式会社 | 動植物性潤滑油 |
DE19525407A1 (de) | 1995-07-12 | 1997-01-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Schmierverfahren für schwere Umformungen |
-
1997
- 1997-01-29 DE DE19703085A patent/DE19703085A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-01-20 DE DE59813870T patent/DE59813870D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-20 EP EP98905317A patent/EP0968263B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-20 TR TR1999/01716T patent/TR199901716T2/xx unknown
- 1998-01-20 US US09/355,533 patent/US6245723B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-20 WO PCT/EP1998/000277 patent/WO1998032818A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-01-20 AT AT98905317T patent/ATE350437T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE350437T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
TR199901716T2 (en) | 1999-09-21 |
WO1998032818A1 (de) | 1998-07-30 |
DE59813870D1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
US6245723B1 (en) | 2001-06-12 |
DE19703085A1 (de) | 1998-07-30 |
EP0968263A1 (de) | 2000-01-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0968263B1 (de) | Verwendung einer kühlschmierstoffemulsion zur spanabhebenden metallbearbeitung | |
DE102008011781A1 (de) | Niedrigviskos bis hochviskos eingestellte wasserbasierte Schmierstoffzusammensetzung | |
DE3421474A1 (de) | Metallbearbeitungsoel-zusammensetzung | |
DE68927236T2 (de) | Schmierölzusammensetzung | |
US20160102268A1 (en) | Drilling fluid system | |
DE2907863C2 (de) | Metallbearbeitungsemulsion | |
EP0642571B1 (de) | Anti-nebel-additiv für wassermischbare und wassergemischte kühlschmierstoffe | |
DE19852203A1 (de) | Schmiermittel mit Feststoffpartikeln einer Teilchengröße unter 500 nm | |
EP0563806A2 (de) | Zusammensetzungen mit 1-Chlor-2,2,2-trifluorethyl-difluormethylether | |
DE2204599A1 (de) | Schmiermittel und dessen verwendung | |
WO2001027226A1 (de) | Schmiermittel zur metallbearbeitung mit ferromagnetischen oder ferrimagnetischen nanopartikeln | |
DE2604710A1 (de) | Schmiermittel fuer die metallbearbeitung | |
DE4229848A1 (de) | Aminfreie Kühlschmierstoffe | |
EP0837744B1 (de) | Schmierverfahren für schwere umformungen | |
WO1998008921A1 (de) | Verwendung von wismutverbindungen in kühlschmiermitteln | |
WO2001042402A1 (de) | Metallbearbeitungsemulsion und metallbearbeitungsverfahren | |
WO2009026916A2 (de) | Kühlschmierstoff | |
DE102010031094A1 (de) | Tenside für Kühlschmierstoffe | |
DE10009997A1 (de) | Kühlschmierstoff und Kühlschmierstoffkonzentrat enthaltend feinteiliges Zinkoxid | |
CZ270199A3 (cs) | Způsob výroby chladicí a mazací kapaliny | |
WO1997015645A1 (de) | Öllösliche stickstofffreie korrosionsinhibitoren mit guter pufferwirkung | |
DE966122C (de) | Metallbearbeitungsoel | |
EP0667891A1 (de) | Dialkylether in metalloberflächen-behandlungsmitteln | |
EP0919607A2 (de) | Schmierstoff für die mechanische Bearbeitung bzw. Verarbeitung von Werkstoffen sowie Additiv für einen Schmierstoff | |
DD220968B1 (de) | Schneidoel zur spanabhebenden fertigung |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990720 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20021016 |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: USE OF A COOLING LUBRICANT EMULSION FOR CHIP-FORMING METALWORKING |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: C10M 177/00 20060101ALI20060628BHEP Ipc: C10M 173/00 20060101AFI20060628BHEP |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070103 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070103 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070103 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59813870 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20070215 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070403 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070414 |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 20070103 |
|
EN | Fr: translation not filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070103 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20071005 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: HENKEL K.G.A.A. Effective date: 20070131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070103 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070824 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070120 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20070103 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20150121 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 59813870 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160802 |