EP0956932B1 - Device for cutting up elongated work pieces - Google Patents

Abstract

A number of saw blades (SB) define parallel cutting planes extending in a direction perpendicular to the machine length direction. Wood is delivered to the saw blades via a feed region containing a number of parallel, elongated receiving parts (VA) for the wood being sawed up, extending at right angles to the machine length direction. The wood-receiving parts are moved around a continuous conveyor belt (FB) extending parallel to the cutting planes and used to transport the wood through the sawing region.

Description

The invention relates to a separating arrangement for separating elongated input pieces in shorter output pieces, in particular a sawing device for cutting of elongated woods into shorter pieces, for example for the production of Pieces of firewood of appropriate size from pre-split if necessary Long logs, especially the usual meter pieces or for the rational Production of commercially related pieces of wood such as frame timber for box or pallet construction.

For example, for the production of firewood in oven-friendly pieces from logs Combined sawing and splitting machines known, which consist of input pieces, which are typically assumed to be pieces of logs Saw off sections of suitable length one after the other and then cut these sections Cut up using a hydraulically operated splitter. The generation of oven-friendly Pieces of firewood with the known machines is often difficult and difficult unsatisfactory material throughput and especially for commercial production of firewood absolutely insufficient.

US-A-2 569 878 describes a saw arrangement for dividing logs into shorter sections that have a plurality of over a common drive shaft driven transport chains are similarly horizontally spaced out. The Transport chains run up an inclined ramp and carry driver supports, which is at the bottom of the ramp where the transport chains are redirected are gripping logs and transporting them up along the ramp. in the Several saw blades are arranged horizontally spaced by ramp which pushed a trunk through the chains on the carrier supports and split up into shorter sections. The sections are from the Carrier supports are transported up to the upper deflection of the chains thrown a conveyor belt.

A similar arrangement is known from US-A-4 259 886, in which the saw blades but at the upper end of the ramp with the upper deflection of the transport chains are arranged. There are spring-loaded hold-down bars in the area of the saw blades intended. In an arrangement known from US-A-4 005 625 Chainsaw swords used instead of saw blades.

GB-A-671,888 shows a saw arrangement in which instead of simple driver supports are attached to the chains bent over in the direction of grip, which form open pockets with the chain in the direction of transport, their Opening width at the lower chain deflection for inserting a long piece of wood is larger than the straight chain along an inclined ramp, where a spring keeps the pocket opening small and clamps an inserted piece of wood. Several saw blades are offset in the course of an inclined ramp arranged horizontally and in the direction of transport.

The invention has for its object a separation arrangement of the aforementioned Type to indicate which separation of elongated input pieces in shorter output pieces, especially the production of shorter pieces of wood from longer ones Input woods such as pieces of firewood suitable for the stove or commercial related pieces of wood from longer pieces of wood with high throughput and easy handling.

The invention is described in claim 1. The sub-claims included advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

Essential to the present invention is the continuous feeding of input pieces to the separating device, which is characterized by the several separating tools an input piece generates all of the starting pieces at the same time, and the separation of the assembly process in the insertion area from the separation process on the separator. The latter is particularly useful for manual loading cheap and is due to an insertion area, the size of which is preferred comprises several receiving devices, advantageously promoted in that no strict adherence to a precisely specified assembly cycle is promoted. The transport speed is advantageously adjustable, preferably independent of the drive of the cutting tools. The cradles are open on an insertion side and preferred in the receiving cross section approximately V-shaped.

The feed device for transporting in the loading area into the receiving devices inserted input pieces to the separating device is preferably as an endless conveyor, in which the receiving devices in arranged at regular intervals on a closed rotating conveyor are, the feed path from the insertion area to the separating device within a loop through the conveyor and a return section lies down.

The conveying means preferably contains at least two in the longitudinal direction of the receiving devices spaced, in particular terminal at the receiving devices arranged chains, the receiving devices fixed are connected with chain links. To tilt the receptacles about a parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tilt axis under the at Preventing separation occurring forces are at least in the area the separating device guides are provided, which such a tilting prevent. For this, an arrangement is preferred in which the chain links, to which the receiving devices are attached, dimensioned so long and are guided in said guides that such tilting the holding devices firmly connected to the chain links is prevented.

The forces occurring during the separation process can, in addition to tilting the Pick-up devices without countermeasures also for ejection or tearing a processed input piece out of the receiving device to lead. To prevent this, restraining means are provided, which at least in the area of the separating device for holding the input piece in the receiving device are effective. A first embodiment of such Retention means provides that hold-down devices between the cutting tools are provided which resiliently rest on the input piece and this press into the cradle. The hold-down devices can in particular as running in the direction of transport, fixed and down in Domed belts made of metal, plastic, Rubber, etc., under which the input piece is sliding is carried out and which are resiliently moved upwards can. Another alternatively or preferably additionally implemented embodiment the retention means sees toothed in the receiving device Strive, which on the front in the transport direction of the Receiving device are arranged and to which the input piece at Separation process is pressed by the cutting tools.

The receptacles are preferably longitudinally at one end provided with a stop, for example in the form of a plate, against which the inserted input piece can be pushed so that on simple Way the desired length of all output pieces is guaranteed. In the There is no cutting tool on the level of the stop. To be easy too irregular length of the input pieces the desired length of the output pieces not to be exceeded at the end facing away from the stop a separating tool is provided at the end facing away from the stop, which cuts off a remainder if the input piece is too long. The The remaining piece can be used separately from the other output pieces be used for sawing firewood, for example, as residual wood for operating a Drying plant.

For a further particularly advantageous application of the invention Arrangement for the production of commercially related pieces of wood such as For example, frame wood sections of a defined length in rectangular Cross-section of pre-cut frame or square timber, especially for the box or pallet manufacture or the like, it is pre-precious to whom the receiving devices essentially have a receiving cross section straight side contact surfaces or edges and one enclosed by these have a downward 90 ° angle. The inlaid long woods are then particularly reliable and largely wobble-free in the receiving devices held and during the separation there are partial pieces, which in addition to the defined length also with high accuracy perpendicular to Show cut surfaces aligned along the longitudinal axis.

The cutting tools are advantageously in their number and / or their intervals changeable in the longitudinal direction. For example, for separation of approx. 1 m long logs as input pieces using three cutting tools then three output pieces of approx. 33 cm each or using four Separating tools, each with four output pieces, each approx. 25 cm, and if necessary a remnant are generated.

The separating tools are preferred, especially at distances in the above mentioned order of magnitude, via a common drive shaft driven by a common drive unit. The drive unit is preferably an electric motor. Especially for off-grid connections Arrangements to be operated, however, are also driven by an internal combustion engine, a belt transmission or a drive shaft, for example from a vehicle, etc. sensible and advantageous.

Particularly advantageous, especially for the production of shorter pieces of wood Long woods as mentioned in preferred examples is the use of Circular saw blades as cutting tools. The multiple circular saw blades can advantageously arranged on a drive shaft and by spacers in be kept at a defined distance. To change the mutual distances the spacers then become in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft replaced. For preferred use as a firewood saw arrangement the length of the receiving devices is preferably less than 2.50 m, in particular less than 1.50 m. The long logs as input pieces are preferred already pre-split to a cross section suitable for the oven, so that the output pieces do not need to be further processed. By pre-splitting in addition, the handling of the long billets when inserting them into the holding devices facilitated or made possible by one person. Furthermore, the range of variation the diameter of the input pieces decreased, reducing the sizing the arrangement better matched to the power requirement can be.

The output pieces after passing through the separating device become preferably a short distance behind the separating device in the receiving device transported further and at a deflection of the endless conveyor ejected down. The ejected output pieces are preferably discharged on a conveyor belt or the like.

The features described above and in the claims are advantageous both individually and preferably in different combinations realizable to solve the task. The invention is particular of considerable economic advantage for the production of firewood pieces suitable for the stove from long logs and for the rational production of commercial related shorter pieces of wood from long wood as input pieces as described.

Fig. 1

eine Seitendarstellung einer Trennanordnung

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine Trennanordnung

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung

The invention is illustrated in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. It shows:

Fig. 1

a side view of a separation arrangement

Fig. 2

a plan view of a separation arrangement

Fig. 3

a cross section through a receiving device

1 outlined in side view is as a trailer structure trained and via a drawbar ZD by means of a towing vehicle easily transportable. The arrangement contains AR in a mounting frame essential element is a feed device with a two-track conveyor chain arrangement FK, on which a plurality of receiving devices AV in the form of approximately V-shaped troughs which are open towards an insertion side are attached. The conveyor chain arrangement is deflected via sprockets KR, the sprockets arranged on a chain shaft KW through a chain drive KM are driven. The directions of the chain movement are indicated by arrows within the loop formed by the endless chain. When the chain rotates, they are on the underside of the chain loop retracting cradle after deflection on the example non-driven right-hand sprocket through an insertion area EB performed, in which the V-shaped receptacles for insertion are accessible from input pieces. The loading area EB is so large that he has several receivers AV in the transport direction TR includes at the same time. The start area of the overhead feed path of the Chain run in front of the loading area is protected by an AD cover.

The elongated receptacles AV extend with their Longitudinal axis perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 1 and transverse to the direction of transport TR. The length of the receiving devices depends on the Use of the saw arrangement and the expected length of the elongated Incoming pieces. For the further description it is assumed that the Separation arrangement as a firewood saw to produce pieces of firewood suitable for the stove made of long logs of about 1 m in length.

Due to the size of the insertion area EB with several accessible at the same time Recording devices result in a certain tolerance for the insertion times with respect to that of the emergence of a new recording device predetermined funding cycle, which is particularly useful for manual Feeding is of considerable advantage. The loading area is for manual Feed preferably accessible from at least two sides. Next for manual loading, automatic loading is also conceivable, which, however, is not considered further below.

The holding devices with long logs inserted therein as input pieces become with the movement of the conveyor chain arrangement in the transport direction TR fed to a separating device with several circular saw blades SB. The separating device is covered by a further protective hood BD. Additional safeguards can be provided without in of the drawing, which is only to be understood as a diagram. The several Saw blades SB are attached to a common drive shaft AW, which via a common drive unit BA, for example an electric motor started. The direction of rotation of the saw blades is indicated by an arrow specified.

When the receiving devices AV enter the area of the separating device the conveyor chain FK is guided in a chain guide KF, which a Tilting of the holding devices due to the force of the saw blades on the inserted long logs thereby preventing the receiving devices AV are firmly connected to the chain links and the chain links show such a long length that this was caused by the saw blades Tipping moment absorbed on the length of the chain links in the chain guide KF and reliably prevents the receiving device from tilting becomes.

In the area of the separating device there are SB between the saw blades in the longitudinal direction running strip-shaped hold-down device NH fixed, which are arched downwards and located in the receiving devices Long billets before, during and after the separation process in the holding devices Press, the long logs inserted or those separated from them Pieces of firewood slide under the hold-downs NH and the Hold-down NH to the extent required by the cross-section of the billets press elastically upwards. The hold-downs represent a measure to a throw-out of long billets or sawn off shorter pieces to prevent the action of the saw blade from the holding devices. To the leakage of the receiving devices from the area of the separating device the NH hold-down devices are no longer in engagement and during deflection the chain around the left-hand sprocket arrangement, the sawn shorter Sections in an ejection area AB by gravity from the receiving devices removed and fall into a collection devices SV, by means of which is fed onto a conveyor belt FB for continuous removal become.

FIG. 2 shows a top view of an arrangement of the type outlined in FIG. 1, where not all components of the arrangement are included to the Improve clarity. The conveyor chain arrangement FK, which is in operation is covered by a chain cover KA, is on one side of the arrangement disclosed drawn. The FK conveyor chain slides on the upper feed section and preferably also on the return path below on a chain support KA made of low-friction material, for example polyamide. 2 are designed as troughs, which have a stop plate LA on one side in the longitudinal direction, to which the long logs are pushed when inserting. The Troughs are interrupted at recesses VL. The recesses VL are in Longitudinal direction L of the receptacles on the considered Saw blade positions SP are provided, on the scale in the longitudinal direction L two alternatives with four saw blades in saw blade positions 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 or with three saw blades in positions 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 are. The starting point for the measurement in the longitudinal direction is the position of the stop plates LA chosen. There are saw blade arrangements considered for both equal distances between the saw blades and from each other Level of the stop plates adopted. The shape of the receptacles with multiple recesses VL enables, as illustrated, different saw blade arrangements with different number of saw blades and / or different saw blade spacing and still offers sufficient support for inserted long logs and those separated from them short pieces in the outgoing area behind the saw blade arrangement.

The receptacles AV are extending in the longitudinal direction Receptacle AT attached, these receptacles with their ends again firmly connected to chain links of the conveyor chain arrangement FK are.

The several saw blades SB are on a common drive shaft AW attached, the distances between the saw blades against each other and against the sketch of the stop plates located at the upper edge using spacers DS between the saw blades can be set reliably can. The spacers are used to change the saw blade spacing DS exchanged for other spacers with a different length. When entering of the holding devices in the area of the saw blade arrangement the saw blades with the movement of the holding devices in the transport direction through the recesses VL in the receiving devices AV and cut the long logs inserted in the holding device into shorter pieces suitable for the oven. Because the length of the long logs usually only keep to a predetermined size and are often longer also a saw blade at the distance from the standard length Stop plates in a saw blade position 4.4 or 3.3 of the one shown Scale available. If the long logs are too long, this is avoided by the output piece is too long. That then on the stop plates A short remnant piece of RS that does not face away from the end of the long ski caught in the collecting device SV, but in a remnant area RS ejected separately and recycled separately. In the sketch of FIG. 2 only two NH hold-down devices are shown between two saw blades. Instead of two hold-downs between two saw blades, one can also be used wider hold-down strips can be provided. The hold-downs in the rest Intermediate areas between adjacent saw blades or the stop plate level are also provided, but not in the sketch of FIG. 2 marked with.

3 shows, on an enlarged scale, a cross section through a receiving device with an inserted long log and the attachment to the chain. The chain FK slides with chain links connected via bolt B. on a chain support KA made of polyamide or another low-friction Material, which in turn is attached to a chain carrier KT, which with is connected to the body frame. A holding plate HP is fixed with a chain link connected, for example welded to it, and extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing away from the chain link in the direction of the longitudinal direction of the cradles. A is attached to the holding plate HP Side member for the receiving device, for example in the form of a U-shaped Steel profile is executed and is firmly screwed to the holding plate. The receiving device AV is in this example in the form of a V-shape the support AT welded struts executed. The chain FK is in the area the chain guide KF drawn. The saw blade circumference line is through the broken line section line indicated SBL. The force of the The saw blade during the cutting process firstly presses the long log LS to the support strut TV and at the front in the direction of transport TR thus a tilting moment MK for the receiving device by one to the longitudinal direction parallel tilt axis counterclockwise. By such a tipping moment the chain link firmly connected to the receiving device its rear end in the direction of transport lifted from the support and pressed against the top guide. The one with little free space The guide lying over the chain limits the one by the tipping moment MK caused tilting movement to a few degrees and when applying the chain link on the guide KF, this causes the tilting moment to be reversed Holding torque MH, thereby aligning the cradle remains almost unchanged.

An advantageous embodiment provides one for the receiving devices Cross section with essentially straight side contact surfaces or edges of the Recording room with an included angle of 90 °. This favors the inclusion of long, pre-cut logs.

The force exerted by the saw blade on the long log LS can in individual cases also cause the log to be thrown out of the cradle is blocked and the arrangement. In addition to the one already described Countermeasure by the hold-down device is shown in FIG. 3 as another advantageous and effective measure the inner edge of the in the direction of transport TR front strut TV with a long log restraining Provide toothing RZ. The recording device AV contains in the longitudinal direction a plurality of such toothed struts, wherein the receiving device in different combination of the described elements of struts and tubs or equivalent mechanical means. The cradles can in particular also predominantly or completely formed by a plurality of struts arranged in a rake in two rows his. The functional design with safe storage is important the inserted long log and the holder of the long log or from it cut shorter sections until leaving the area of the saw blade arrangement.

The carrier AT of the receptacle can still point downward Rubber wiper lip be provided, which on a between the Feed path and the return path inserted horizontal bottom along streak and removed fallen wood residues.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described, but within the scope of the claims be modified.

Claims (18)

1. Dividing arrangement, in particular wood-sawing mechanism, for dividing elongate incoming pieces into a plurality of shorter outgoing pieces in each case, having a dividing mechanism which, spaced apart in a longitudinal direction, contains a plurality of simultaneously operated dividing tools with mutually parallel dividing planes oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction, and having a continuously circulating feed device by means of which the elongate incoming pieces are moved one after the other, in a predetermined orientation, from an introduction region (EB), through the dividing mechanism, in a transporting direction (TR) running parallel to the dividing planes of the dividing tools, characterized in that the feed device comprises a plurality of elongate accommodating mechanisms (AV) which run parallel to the longitudinal direction, are open on an introduction side and have front carrier struts (TV), as seen in the transporting direction (TR).
2. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the feed device is designed as an endless conveying arrangement with at least two synchronously running endless conveying means, and in that the accommodating mechanisms are firmly connected to the endless conveying means.
3. Arrangement according to Claim 2, characterized in that the conveying means are chains.
4. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that guide means are provided in the region of the dividing mechanism and prevent an accommodating mechanism which is located in this region from tilting.
5. Arrangement according to Claim 3 and Claim 4, characterized in that the guide means act on the chain links.
6. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the accommodating mechanisms (AV) taper in cross section from the open introduction side in the direction of a support, in particular are of V-shaped design.
7. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized by restraining means which, at least in the region of the dividing mechanisms, act on incoming pieces introduced into the accommodating mechanisms.
8. Arrangement according to Claim 7, characterized by holding-down means which are arranged in a stationary manner between the dividing tools and rest resiliently on incoming pieces introduced into the accommodating mechanisms.
9. Arrangement according to Claim 7 or Claim 8, characterized by toothed struts in the accommodating mechanisms as restraining means.
10. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the magnitude of the introduction region covers a plurality of accommodating mechanisms.
11. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the introduction region is accessible for charging purposes from a number of sides.
12. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the accommodating arrangements have a stop on one side in the longitudinal direction.
13. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it is possible to adjust the transporting speed such that it can be changed.
14. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is possible to change the number of dividing tools and/or the spacing between the latter in the longitudinal direction.
15. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the plurality of dividing tools are driven by a common drive unit via a drive shaft running in the longitudinal direction.
16. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized by circular sawblades as dividing tools.
17. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the length of the accommodating mechanisms is less than 2.50 m, in particular less than 1.50 m.
18. Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized by the mobile configuration as a trailer construction.

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