EP0952625B1 - Antenne pour plusieurs services radio - Google Patents

Antenne pour plusieurs services radio Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0952625B1
EP0952625B1 EP99107069.9A EP99107069A EP0952625B1 EP 0952625 B1 EP0952625 B1 EP 0952625B1 EP 99107069 A EP99107069 A EP 99107069A EP 0952625 B1 EP0952625 B1 EP 0952625B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
radio service
conductive
conductor
oriented
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99107069.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0952625A3 (fr
EP0952625A2 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Lindenmeier
Jochen Hopf
Leopold Reiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Delphi Delco Electronics Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Delco Electronics Europe GmbH filed Critical Delphi Delco Electronics Europe GmbH
Publication of EP0952625A2 publication Critical patent/EP0952625A2/fr
Publication of EP0952625A3 publication Critical patent/EP0952625A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0952625B1 publication Critical patent/EP0952625B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0442—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular tuning means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna according to the preamble of claim 1 ( US5,402,136 ).
  • One in the DE 195 10 236 A1 described antenna has a capacitive surface 1 and a thereto substantially vertically oriented antenna conductor 4. Together with the conductive base 2 and the there decoupled signals from the coupling conductor 15 thus an antenna is formed monopoly character whose polarization direction is given substantially perpendicular to the roof capacity is. By introducing slots into the roof capacity, this frequency-dependent electrically divided, so that there is an antenna for multiple radio services for the monopoly operation with the roof capacity 1 perpendicular polarization oriented. Antennas of this type thus have the limitation of polarization perpendicular to the roof capacity.
  • the antenna concealable function of communicating with a plurality of vertically polarized mobile terrestrial telephone services and the multi-frequency communication with satellite services, which, whether linearly or circularly polarized, are primarily aimed at horizontal polarization is with an antenna of the prior art Technology not possible.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to design an antenna according to the preamble of claim 1 such that a better coupling is given to the horizontally polarized field.
  • an antenna according to the invention the advantage is achieved to cover with a component a whole variety of terrestrial and satellite radio services with correspondingly little effort.
  • mobile radio services can be compact Vehicle antennas designed, for example, the mobile phone services GSM in the D network (about 0.9 GHz) and E network (about 1.8 GHz) with vertical polarization and at the same time the satellite radio service for the location (GPS radio service at about 1.5 GHz ) with predominantly horizontally and circularly polarized incidental waves due to several zenitnaher satellites.
  • the GPS navigation service requires a circularly polarized antenna with a maximum of reception in the zenith. This requirement can be met with little effort with an antenna according to the invention in an advantageous manner.
  • Fig. 1a shows an antenna with the character of a monopoly with a two-dimensional antenna conductor 4, which is conductively connected both to the roof capacitance 1 and with the base. Due to the inductive effect of the antenna conductor 4 and the capacitive effect of the roof capacity, a resonance is formed in the frequency range of a first radio service. Thus, a resonant monopole antenna low height can be formed with polarization perpendicular to the roof capacity. The coupling to this resonant monopole takes place via the coupling conductor 15 to form the first antenna connection point 14.
  • the roof capacity 1 is a closed lambda / 2nd Slot 3 with resonance in the frequency range of the other radio service introduced.
  • a slot open at one end can be designed with approximately lambda / 4 length.
  • Appropriately selected terminal points 9a and 9b opposite each other on the edges of the slot at a distance 25 from the closed end of the slot make the desired antenna impedance and the width of the slot the desired bandwidth.
  • connection points 9a, 9b which is electrically ineffective with respect to the monopole function of the antenna parallel to the conductive surfaces of the roof capacitance 1 and the antenna conductor 4, the connection between the connection points 9a, 9b with the at the conductive base 2 located further antenna connection point 13 made.
  • Fig. 1b also shows a monopole antenna as in Fig. 1a but with a tubular antenna conductor 4.
  • the unbalanced line 10 is guided in its field-free interior.
  • the first antenna connection point 14 is formed at the lower end of the antenna conductor 4 with the conductive base 2.
  • a crossover 16 is formed in the base, in the interior of the continuation of the unbalanced line 10 is designed as a high impedance in the first frequency range choke and the antenna terminal 13 is designed without affecting the monopole function of the antenna.
  • the roof capacitance 1 and the vertically oriented, flat-shaped antenna conductor 4 are designed as printed circuit boards laminated on both sides.
  • the conductive surfaces are formed by the conductive material located on one side of the circuit boards and are electrically connected at the abutting edge.
  • the unbalanced line is designed as stripline 10, wherein the stripline is printed on the opposite side of the conductive surface 1 and the surface forms the ground conductor of the line 10.
  • the connection between the strip conductor of the strip line 10 and the connection point 9a can be done in a simple manner by plated-through.
  • Terminal point 9b is defined by the perpendicular to the slot direction course of the strip conductor as the point 9a opposite point at the slot edge.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is in Fig. 3a in which the conductive base is horizontally oriented and the monopole antenna is tuned for the frequency band of a vertical polarization terrestrial telephone service as the first service and tuned as a second service to a satellite service with substantially horizontally polarized incident waves.
  • Such an antenna is for example particularly suitable for combining the terrestrial GSM telephone service with the GPS satellite radio for use as a vehicle antenna with horizontal conductive base 2.
  • the roof capacity and the vertically oriented antenna conductor 4 are dimensioned such that in the GSM frequency range Resonance exists and the slot 3 is designed in length and width such that its resonance is suitable for the reception of the GPS signals.
  • two slots 3, each with two connection points and 9a, 9b, each with a connected unbalanced line 10 for the further radio service GPS with circular polarization available are provided.
  • the slots in the conductive plate of the roof capacity are for this purpose oriented at an angle of almost 90 degrees to each other so that the reception of the circularly polarized waves with a predetermined direction of rotation is optimal.
  • Both slots are exemplified as lambda / 4-resonant slot lines with open ends at the edge of the roof capacity realized.
  • the distance 25 of the connection points 9a, 9b from the closed end of the slot is chosen favorably in view of the characteristic impedance of the line connected thereto.
  • the two lines are connected at their other ends to the two inputs of a 90-degree hybrid circuit, in which one of the two received signals is changed by 90 degrees in phase and after correctly polarized summary of the signals on Output of the hybrid circuit is the appropriate circular polarization direction at the antenna connection point 13.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is the ease of implementation by using printed circuit boards for the production of the conductive surfaces and the lines. This technique allows a very good reproducibility of the finely tuned structures in the manufacturing process.
  • the roof capacitance 1 and the vertically oriented, planar-shaped antenna conductor 4 are designed as printed circuit boards laminated on both sides, wherein the conductive material located on one side of the printed circuit boards forms the conductive surface.
  • the unbalanced line 10 is designed as a strip line, wherein the strip conductor is printed on the opposite side of the conductive surface and the conductive surface forms the ground conductor of the line.
  • An advantage of the invention is the relatively good decoupling between the antenna terminals 13 and 14. Due to the extremely large level differences between the transmitted GSM signals and the GPS signals to be received, it is advantageous to the sensitive GPS receiver from non-linear effects by large Signal level to protect the antenna terminal 13 a bandpass filter 27 for this frequency range downstream. In order to achieve good signal / noise ratios in the GPS range, it is also advantageous to add a low noise preamplifier 24 without lossy leads. In order to avoid the sideband noise of GSM radios 28 in the GPS frequency range, it is recommended that a band-stop filter 26 of the antenna terminal 14 upstream.
  • slots 22 can be introduced into the roof capacity 1 in a manner known per se.
  • FIG 4 Such an antenna for the two terrestrial mobile telephone services (D and E network) is shown. With the help of the notches 18, the slot lengths and the roof capacity for the design of the various resonance frequencies can be determined largely separately from each other.
  • the satellite navigation service GPS can also be received via a further connection point 13.
  • the GPS navigation service requires a circularly polarized antenna with a maximum of reception at zenith. Therefore, two further slots, which are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to each other, are introduced into the conductive surface of the roof capacitance 1 and operated as ⁇ / 4-slot antennas.
  • the effective for the edge current of the D-network input impedance of the slots is sufficiently low-impedance, since the slots have a strong resonance at 1575 GHz, so that the radio antenna in the D-network is not affected.
  • the decoupling points of the two GPS slot antennas are combined as close as possible and chosen so that their impedance is 50 ohms.
  • the RF signals of the GPS antennas are guided with coaxial lines by utilizing the conductive surface of the roof capacitance 1 as a ground conductor via the antenna conductor 4 to a 90 ° hybrid.
  • the conductive surface of the roof capacity 1 double-laminated, 1mm thick board material (eg FR4) for the antenna Fig. 4 so on the top of all slots from the applied copper layer can be etched.
  • the two required RF lines for GPS are realized as microstrip lines, with the underside of the board carrying the strip conductors. Via the antenna conductor 4, the GPS signals are also continued as microstrip lines and connected to the also executed in stripline technology 90 ° hybrid on the base plate. This creates an easy-to-set-up and easily reproducible antenna.
  • Fig. 5 shows a measured vertical section of the radiation pattern of the antenna Fig. 4 in the upper hemisphere in circular polarization.
  • the transmission and reception characteristics of the antenna Fig. 4 In the D and E radio service are influenced by the additional GPS slot antennas only little.
  • the total height 20 of the antenna after Fig. 4 is only about 20 mm and can be built on a circular base plate with a diameter of less than 9 cm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Antenne pour plusieurs services radio présentant le caractère d'un monopôle sur une surface de base conductrice (2), avec un conducteur d'antenne (4) et au moins une capacité terminale (1), conçue de manière surfacique et orientée sensiblement perpendiculairement au conducteur d'antenne (4), pour un premier service radio avec polarisation orientée perpendiculairement à la capacité terminale (1), dans laquelle un premier point de connexion (19) du premier service radio est formé sur la capacité terminale, et avec une fonction d'antenne pour au moins un autre service radio avec polarisation orientée parallèlement à la capacité terminale (1), ladite capacité terminale étant réalisée sous la forme d'une plaque conductrice ou respectivement d'une couche mince conductrice, dans laquelle pour la configuration de la fonction d'antenne pour ledit au moins un autre service radio, au moins une fente (3) est ménagée dans la plaque ou dans la couche conductrice, la longueur (7) de la fente étant choisie pour former une résonance dans la plage de fréquences de l'autre service radio, et la largeur (8) de la fente étant choisie de manière convenable pour la formation d'une largeur de bande d'impédance appropriée,
    caractérisée en ce que
    pour découpler des signaux dans l'autre service radio, un premier et un second point de connexion (9a, 9b) sont formés en des points mutuellement opposés sur les bords de la fente (3), et une ligne électrique asymétrique (10) est branchée par son conducteur intérieur (11) au premier point de connexion (9a), et par son conducteur de masse (12) au second point de connexion (9b) et est guidée parallèlement à la plaque conductrice formant la capacité terminale (1), et également parallèlement à la surface du conducteur d'antenne (4) orienté verticalement, sans écartement présentant un effet électrique, et établit une liaison vers un emplacement de connexion d'antenne (13) pour l'autre service radio.
  2. Antenne selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que le conducteur d'antenne (4) est réalisé conducteur et de manière surfacique, et est relié de façon conductrice par une première arête (5) avec la capacité terminale (1) et est reliée de façon conductrice par une seconde arête (6) avec la surface de base conductrice (2), et l'emplacement de connexion d'antenne (13) pour l'autre service radio est réalisé sur la surface de base conductrice (2).
  3. Antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que la capacité terminale (1) et le conducteur d'antenne (4) orienté verticalement et réalisé de manière surfacique, sont réalisés comme des cartes à circuits imprimées laminées conductrices sur les deux côtés, et au moyen du matériau conducteur qui se trouve sur un côté des cartes à circuits, il se forme respectivement une surface conductrice, et la ligne asymétrique (10) est réalisée sous forme de ligne en ruban, ladite ligne en ruban étant imprimée sur le côté opposé de la surface conductrice, et la surface conductrice formant le conducteur de masse de la ligne (10).
  4. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que la surface de base conductrice (2) est orientée horizontalement et l'antenne en monopôle est accordée pour la bande de fréquences d'un service de radiotéléphonie terrestre avec polarisation verticale à titre de premier service radio et est accordée à un service de radiotéléphonie par satellite avec des ondes incidentes à polarisation sensiblement horizontale à titre d'autre service radio.
  5. Antenne selon les revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que la capacité terminale (1) et le conducteur d'antenne (4) orienté perpendiculairement à celle-ci sont de dimensions telles que dans le premier service radio il existe une résonance dans la plage de fréquence GSM, et la fente (3) est conçue dans sa longueur et dans sa largeur de telle façon que sa résonance convient pour la réception de l'autre service radio dans la plage de fréquence GPS.
  6. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu deux fentes (3) avec chacune deux points de connexion (9a, 9b), et une ligne asymétrique respective (10) connectée à ces points pour un autre service radio avec polarisation circulaire, et les deux lignes (10) sont menées à deux entrées d'un circuit hybride (17) à 90°, à la sortie duquel est formé l'emplacement de connexion d'antenne (13) pour l'autre service radio, et les fentes (3) dans la plaque conductrice de la capacité terminale (1) sont orientées l'une par rapport à l'autre sous un angle pratiquement égal à 90°, de telle façon que la réception des ondes à polarisation circulaire avec sens de rotation prédéterminé est optimale.
  7. Antenne selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisée en ce qu'un passe-bande (23) de fréquences destiné à laisser passer les signaux pour l'autre service radio est rapporté à l'emplacement de connexion d'antenne (13) pour l'autre service radio, et un amplificateur à faible bruit (24) est rapporté sur l'une des surfaces conductrices de l'antenne, de préférence sur la surface de base conductrice (2) de l'antenne.
  8. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que, pour la configuration d'une fonction d'antenne pour un second premier service radio présentant une fréquence plus élevée et une polarisation orientée verticalement par rapport à la surface de base conductrice (2), des fentes (22) sont ménagées dans la capacité terminale (1) d'une manière connue en soi.
  9. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce que le conducteur d'antenne (4) est conçu comme un corps tridimensionnel, et la ligne asymétrique (10) est guidée soit à l'intérieur de ce conducteur d'antenne, en l'absence de champ, soit parallèlement à la surface extérieure de ce conducteur d'antenne (4) sans présenter d'effet électrique, vers la surface de base conductrice (2), et il est prévu sur la surface de base conductrice (2) un filtre d'aiguillage (16), dans lequel est introduite la ligne asymétrique (10) et auquel est raccordé le conducteur d'antenne (4) orienté verticalement, et sur lequel il est prévu soit des emplacements de connexion d'antenne séparés (14, 13) pour tous les services radio, soit un emplacement de connexion d'antenne commun pour tous les services radio.
EP99107069.9A 1998-04-20 1999-04-10 Antenne pour plusieurs services radio Expired - Lifetime EP0952625B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19817573 1998-04-20
DE19817573A DE19817573A1 (de) 1998-04-20 1998-04-20 Antenne für mehrere Funkdienste

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0952625A2 EP0952625A2 (fr) 1999-10-27
EP0952625A3 EP0952625A3 (fr) 2001-04-18
EP0952625B1 true EP0952625B1 (fr) 2013-06-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99107069.9A Expired - Lifetime EP0952625B1 (fr) 1998-04-20 1999-04-10 Antenne pour plusieurs services radio

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6218997B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0952625B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19817573A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

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EP0952625A3 (fr) 2001-04-18
DE19817573A1 (de) 1999-10-21
EP0952625A2 (fr) 1999-10-27
US6218997B1 (en) 2001-04-17

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