EP0949720B1 - Plaque à circuit avec un élément de connexion d'un connecteur - Google Patents

Plaque à circuit avec un élément de connexion d'un connecteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0949720B1
EP0949720B1 EP99105428A EP99105428A EP0949720B1 EP 0949720 B1 EP0949720 B1 EP 0949720B1 EP 99105428 A EP99105428 A EP 99105428A EP 99105428 A EP99105428 A EP 99105428A EP 0949720 B1 EP0949720 B1 EP 0949720B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit board
printed circuit
connecting element
board according
coupling element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99105428A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0949720A2 (fr
EP0949720A3 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Klübenspies
Manfred Zeiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0949720A2 publication Critical patent/EP0949720A2/fr
Publication of EP0949720A3 publication Critical patent/EP0949720A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0949720B1 publication Critical patent/EP0949720B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/7005—Guiding, mounting, polarizing or locking means; Extractors
    • H01R12/7011—Locking or fixing a connector to a PCB
    • H01R12/7058—Locking or fixing a connector to a PCB characterised by the movement, e.g. pivoting, camming or translating parallel to the PCB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/7005—Guiding, mounting, polarizing or locking means; Extractors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a printed circuit board, in particular for a display instrument in a motor vehicle, with a coupling element of a plug device and with one or more recesses and one or more recesses cross-contacts of the coupling element, wherein the coupling element has a base connected to the circuit board and wherein the or the connection contacts are electrically connected to the side of the printed circuit board facing away from a coupling region of the coupling element, wherein the base of the coupling element has a connecting element engaging through the printed circuit board in a recess and latching the coupling element to the printed circuit board.
  • Such printed circuit boards are widely used, for example, in today's combination of motor vehicles and therefore known.
  • a trained as a plug receptacle coupling element serves the electrical connection of the circuit board with an electrical connector, via which in particular the data exchange of the combination instrument with a vehicle electronics for controlling the individual displays of the combination instrument.
  • An attachment of the connector receptacle on the circuit board and the required contacting the electrical conductor recording with traces of the circuit board is designed consuming. It is necessary.
  • Position the connector receptacle and the PCB exactly to each other, to insert and caulk. In this way, a mechanical connection between the circuit board and connector receptacle is achieved.
  • the electrical conductors of the connector receptacle are still to contact with the circuit board, which is carried out for example by means of a wave soldering.
  • the former Steps of joining and connecting the connector receptacle to the circuit board are complicated and time consuming and represent a significant obstacle especially in automated mass production in large numbers.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a circuit board with a coupling element of a connector device of the type mentioned above, which ensures a simple and accurate position mounting and a secure and durable mechanical connection of the two components.
  • circuit board according to claim 1 This object is achieved with a circuit board according to claim 1.
  • the dependent claims describe advantageous developments.
  • With the circuit board according to the invention it is no longer necessary to connect the coupling element and the circuit board in an additional process by caulking, screwing or the like with each other.
  • connection is secured by a latch, so that the circuit board and coupling element can optionally be separated again from each other, what for. B. would not be possible without damaging a caulking.
  • connection advantageously has a particularly high strength and positional security, if two, arranged on opposite sides of the base connecting elements are provided.
  • the recess which is penetrated by the connecting element is connected to form a common recess with or with one of the recesses which are penetrated by the connecting terminal or contacts.
  • one side of a recess penetrated by one or more terminal contacts may be designed such that it serves as a passage for the connecting element. In this way, the processing of the circuit board is considerably simplified and reduces the necessary tooling costs.
  • the positioning accuracy of the coupling element is preferably increased by the fact that the base has a recess of the circuit board in approximately perpendicular cross-pin. It is of further advantage if two, arranged on opposite sides of the base and each one recess of the circuit board in approximately perpendicular cross-pin are provided so that in particular a rotationally secure assignment of the coupling element can be achieved to the circuit board. In order to facilitate the joining of the components, it is advantageous if the pin or pins are designed to widen conically at its free end in the opposite direction to the joining direction. A coding of the mounting position of the coupling element on the circuit board is achieved in a particularly simple manner in that the pins have a different cross-sectional shape or size.
  • the base has a flange which runs approximately parallel to the printed circuit board and can be applied to it.
  • the connecting element For a secure connection of coupling element and circuit board, it is important that the connecting element has a sufficient torsional stiffness even under the influence of fluctuating ambient temperatures. It is particularly advantageous if the connecting element consists of sheet metal or plastic and is thus easy and inexpensive to produce and in large quantities.
  • the connecting element serves both a targeted joining of coupling element and circuit board as well as a locking of these elements and their secure support to each other, it is particularly advantageous if the connecting element opposite to an insertion into the circuit board one behind the other has an insertion and holding section and a torsion.
  • a temperature-stable plastic for example, could be selected as the material.
  • a material selection optimized with regard to the tasks of the individual components wherein, for example, a metal sheet and a plastic for the coupling element are selected, it may be necessary to design the connection element and coupling element as individual components, which, however, have to be connected to one another.
  • the connecting element in the region of Torsionsabitese s a constriction.
  • a particularly good twistability of the connecting element is achieved and a complex design of the Torsionsabiteses is not required.
  • the insertion and holding section is wedge-shaped in the insertion direction. This results in the insertion of the connecting element in the recess of the printed circuit board, an automatic centering, which can automate this joining process in a particularly advantageous manner and thus can be performed by machine.
  • connecting element three-dimensionally, but this would require a considerable production outlay.
  • the manufacturing cost of the connecting element is advantageously particularly low and the cost of materials low if the connecting element is approximately flat.
  • the recess penetrated by the connecting element is slot-shaped.
  • the opposite, parallel side edges of the slot thereby ensure a particularly precise guidance of a connecting element whose insertion and holding section is wedge-shaped in the insertion direction.
  • a particularly easy but for a secure holding sufficiently large twisting of the connecting element during its insertion into the recess of the circuit board is advantageously achieved when the angle between the accessed by the connecting element recess and the connecting element is approximately 20 °.
  • the coupling element is of particularly high stability, if it preferably has one or more recesses into which the or the terminal contacts can be inserted.
  • the recesses serve at the same time as stabilizing guides of the connection contacts.
  • the or the terminal contacts are L-shaped, wherein a first leg of the L is contacted with the circuit board and the second leg of the L in the coupling region of the Coupling element ends.
  • the coupling element connected to the printed circuit board is preferably particularly secure and permanently connected to a counter-coupling when the coupling element has an at least partially circumferential groove in its coupling region into which a clip bracket can be inserted. By this stapling the two coupling elements are locked together.
  • the coupling element engages the circuit board in a recess completely.
  • the coupling element with a flange of its base from the side of the circuit board on which the terminal contacts are to be connected thereto, applied against the circuit board and the remaining part of the coupling element are passed through the circuit board.
  • the coupling element can be placed on the side facing the coupling area of the printed circuit board, wherein the one or more terminal contacts pass through the circuit board in a common or in each case a recess.
  • This embodiment offers for example, if, for procedural reasons in the manufacture of the circuit board, a supply of the coupling element on the opposite side of the coupling area of the circuit board is not possible.
  • the printed circuit board 1 shows a section of a printed circuit board 1 of a combination instrument of a motor vehicle.
  • the printed circuit board 1 has a coupling element 2 of a plug-in device in a recess 4.
  • the coupling element 2 is designed here as a connector strip.
  • recesses 35 can be seen, which the recording of light elements, not shown, e.g. Incandescent bulbs, used to illuminate displays of the combination instrument.
  • the coupling element 2 is in its interior with a plurality of terminal contacts 5, the first end portions in a coupling portion 7 of the Coupling element 2 are arranged, for electrical connection with a not shown here corresponding coupling element which is inserted into the coupling portion 7 of the coupling element 2, provided.
  • the coupling element 2 has a base 6 which serves for the mechanical connection of the coupling element 2 to the printed circuit board 1.
  • the base 6 has on two opposite sides in each case a flange 15, wherein the flanges 15 extend approximately parallel to the printed circuit board 1, abut against the latter and thus support the coupling element 2 on the printed circuit board 1.
  • the flanges 15 of the base 6 each have a pin 14 is also present, which engages in a corresponding recess 13 of the circuit board 1 and so the coupling element 2 centered.
  • the free end 26 of the pin 14 has a tapered in the insertion direction of the coupling element 2 in the circuit board 1 shape, so that an automatic positioning of the coupling element 2 takes place.
  • the flanges 15 of the base 6 are located on the side facing away from the coupling portion 7 of the coupling element 2 8 of the circuit board 1 at.
  • the printed circuit board 1 is laminated at least on this side 8 facing away from the coupling region 7, that is, provided with printed conductors, not shown here.
  • a lamination on a coupling region 7 facing side 9 of the circuit board 1 may be provided.
  • FIG. 1 two slot-shaped recesses 10 can be seen, the orientation of central axes 36 is described and each receive a connecting element 12 of the coupling element 2.
  • the central axis 36 of a recess 10 is arranged at an angle ⁇ of approximately 20 ° to the transverse extent of the approximately planar connecting element 12.
  • the connecting element 12 is wedge-shaped and has at its tip opposite end to a mounting portion 18, with which it is inserted into a slot 19 of the base 6 of the coupling element 2.
  • the connecting element 12 can be kept automatically in the slot 19, for example, due to a slight self-curvature, but it can also be fixed with adhesive.
  • the connecting element 12 is a sheet-metal component, and the coupling element 2 designed as a plug-in strip is injection-molded from a plastic; Noses 41 present on the side of the attachment section 18 dig into the plastic of the coupling element 2 when the coupling element 2 and connecting element 12 are being joined and hold the connecting element 12 securely.
  • the coupling element is inserted in an insertion direction E in the circuit board 1.
  • each connecting element 12 runs with insertion edges 39 and 40 of an insertion and holding portion 16 on side edges of the slot-shaped Recess 10. Due to the arrangement at an angle ⁇ of the recess 10 and connecting element 12, the latter is rotated about a torsion axis 11 running in its longitudinal direction. This rotation in the direction of rotation T shown in FIG. 1 takes place mainly in a torsion section 17 of the connecting element 12 arranged between the fastening section 18 and the insertion and holding section 16.
  • the insertion and holding portion 16 is opposite to the insertion direction E of the coupling element 2 in the circuit board 1 in a wedge shape in the torsion 17, so that the support edges 37 and 38 at an angle of more than 90 ° in the insertion direction E with respect to a longitudinal axis of the connecting element 12 , This ensures that the Coupling element 2 and the circuit board 1 are completely on block and there is consequently no play between these two components.
  • the coupling element 2 in the longitudinal direction a plurality of through recesses 20, are inserted into the L-shaped terminal contacts 5 and stabilized in grooves 27.
  • a first leg 21 of the L-shaped terminal contact 5 is contacted with a printed circuit board not shown here, and a second leg 22 of the L terminates in the coupling portion 7 of the coupling element 2.
  • To a defined edition of the first leg 21 on the circuit board to ensure the contacted with the circuit board leg 21 is provided in the contacting with a bend 25 so that it rests with a point or perpendicular to the extension direction of the leg 21 with a line contact on the circuit board.
  • FIG. 2 also shows a second coupling element 28 designed as a socket strip, which corresponds to the first coupling element 2 and can be inserted into it.
  • the second coupling element 28 has a plurality of longitudinal recesses 29.
  • the recesses 29 have perpendicular to their extension direction in each case an additional recess 32.
  • terminal contacts 30 are inserted, which serve for contacting with terminal contacts 5 of the first coupling element 2.
  • the terminal contacts 30 are each provided in a side region with a spring tab 31 which engages in the lateral recess 32 of the recesses 29 and the terminal contacts 30 safely locked in the coupling element 28.
  • the terminal contacts 30 additionally by means of a bolt 34 which is inserted into a on the outside of the coupling element 28 partially circumferential groove 33, locked.
  • the first coupling element 2 has in its coupling region 7 a partially circumferential groove 23, in which a clip bracket 24 is inserted.
  • the bracket 24 locks the first coupling member 2 and the second coupling member 28 when assembled.
  • FIG. 3 A corresponding plug connection 3 with the first coupling element 2 and the second coupling element 28 introduced therein is shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity, however, without a printed circuit board.

Landscapes

  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Carte à circuits imprimés (1) destinée, notamment, à un appareil afficheur dans un véhicule automobile et comportant une unité de connexion (2) faisant partie d'un dispositif enfichable et un ou plusieurs évidements et un ou plusieurs contacts de raccordement (5) de l'unité de connexion (2) traversant les évidements, où l'unité de connexion (2) comporte un socle (6) fixé à la carte à circuits imprimés et où le ou les contacts de raccordement (5) sont raccordés électriquement, sur le coté de la carte à circuits imprimés (1) opposé à une zone de connexion de l'unité de connexion (2), à la carte à circuits imprimés, où le socle (6) de l'unité de connexion (2) comporte une pièce d'assemblage (12) traversant la carte à circuits imprimés (1) dans un évidement (10) et verrouillant l'unité de connexion (2) avec la carte à circuits imprimés (1), caractérisée par le fait que la pièce d'assemblage peut se tordre autour d'un axe (11) orienté approximativement perpendiculairement à la carte à circuits imprimés (1), que l'évidement (10) traversé par la pièce d'assemblage (12) est disposé dans un plan approximativement parallèle à la carte à circuits imprimés (1) sous un angle (α) par rapport à la pièce d'assemblage (12) et que la pièce d'assemblage (12) se tord lors de son introduction dans l'évidement (10), que la pièce d'assemblage (12) comporte, l'une derrière l'autre dans le sens d'introduction (E) dans la carte à circuits imprimés (1), une partie d'introduction et de support (16) et une partie à torsion (17), où les arêtes d'appui (37, 38) de la partie d'introduction et de support (16) s'appliquent lors de l'assemblage, à la suite du retour de torsion automatique en raison des propriétés élastiques de la pièce d'assemblage (12), sur des arêtes latérales de l'évidement (10), ces arêtes d'appui (37, 38) formant un angle de plus de 90° dans le sens d'introduction E par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la pièce d'assemblage (12).
  2. Carte à circuits imprimés selon la revendication 1 caractérisée par le fait qu'il est prévu deux pièces d'assemblage (12) disposées sur des côtés se faisant face du socle (6).
  3. Carte à circuits imprimés selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisée par le fait que l'évidement (10) traversé par la pièce d'assemblage (12) est lié à l'évidement (4) ou à l'un des évidements (4) traversés par le ou les contacts de raccordement (5) et forme un évidement commun.
  4. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que le socle (6) comporte un tourillon (14) traversant approximativement perpendiculairement un évidement (13) de la carte à circuits imprimés (1).
  5. Carte à circuits imprimés selon la revendication 4 caractérisée par le fait qu'il est prévu deux tourillons (14) disposés sur des côtés se faisant face du socle (6) et traversant chacun approximativement perpendiculairement un évidement (13) de la carte à circuits imprimés (1).
  6. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que le socle (6) comporte une bride (15) placée approximativement parallèlement à la carte à circuits imprimés (1) et pouvant s'appliquer sur celle-ci.
  7. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que la pièce d'assemblage (12) est en tôle ou en matière plastique.
  8. Carte à circuits imprimés selon la revendication 1 caractérisée par le fait que la pièce d'assemblage (12) comporte une partie fixation (18) faisant suite, dans le sens contraire à la direction d'introduction (E), à la partie à torsion (17).
  9. Carte à circuits imprimés selon la revendication 8 caractérisée par le fait que le socle (6) comporte un évidement (19), dans lequel la partie fixation (18) de la pièce d'assemblage (12) peut être insérée.
  10. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 8 ou 9 caractérisée par le fait que la pièce d'assemblage (12) a un rétrécissement dans la zone de la partie à torsion (17).
  11. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 8 à 10 caractérisée par le fait que la partie d'introduction et de support (16) est en biais dans le sens d'introduction (E).
  12. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 8 à 11 caractérisée par le fait que la partie d'introduction et de support (16) se poursuit en biais dans le sens contraire au sens d'introduction (E) dans la partie à torsion (17).
  13. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que la pièce d'assemblage (12) est approximativement plane.
  14. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que l'évidement (10) traversé par la pièce d'assemblage (12) est en forme de fente.
  15. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que l'angle (α) entre l'évidement (10) traversé par la pièce d'assemblage (12) et la pièce d'assemblage (12) est d'environ 12°.
  16. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que l'unité de connexion (2)comporte un ou plusieurs évidements (20), dans lesquels on peut insérer le ou les contacts de raccordement (5).
  17. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que le ou les contacts de raccordement (5) sont en forme de L, la première branche (21) du L étant en contact électrique avec la carte à circuits imprimés (1) et la deuxième branche (22) du L se terminant dans la zone de connexion (7) de l'unité de connexion (2).
  18. Carte à circuits imprimés selon la revendication 17 caractérisée par le fait que la branche (21) en contact électrique avec la carte à circuits imprimés (1) est cambrée (courbure 25) et forme, dans la zone de la mise en contact électrique, un contact ponctuel ou, perpendiculairement à la longueur de la branche, un contact linéaire avec la carte à circuits imprimés (1).
  19. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que l'unité de connexion (2) comporte, dans sa zone de connexion (7), une rainure (23) au moins partiellement périphérique, dans laquelle il est possible d'insérer un étrier de fixation (24).
  20. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée par le fait que l'unité de connexion (2) traverse entièrement la carte à circuits imprimés (1) dans un évidement (4).
  21. Carte à circuits imprimés selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19 caractérisée par le fait que l'unité de connexion peut être posée sur la face de la carte à circuits imprimés tournée vers sa zone de connexion, le ou les contacts de raccordement traversant la carte à circuits imprimés dans un évidement commun ou chacun dans un évidement séparé.
EP99105428A 1998-04-09 1999-03-17 Plaque à circuit avec un élément de connexion d'un connecteur Expired - Lifetime EP0949720B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19816126 1998-04-09
DE19816126A DE19816126A1 (de) 1998-04-09 1998-04-09 Leiterplatte mit einem Kupplungselement einer Steckvorrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0949720A2 EP0949720A2 (fr) 1999-10-13
EP0949720A3 EP0949720A3 (fr) 2000-12-06
EP0949720B1 true EP0949720B1 (fr) 2006-03-15

Family

ID=7864251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99105428A Expired - Lifetime EP0949720B1 (fr) 1998-04-09 1999-03-17 Plaque à circuit avec un élément de connexion d'un connecteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6162090A (fr)
EP (1) EP0949720B1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI9901244B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19816126A1 (fr)

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JP2002246085A (ja) * 2001-02-15 2002-08-30 Tyco Electronics Amp Kk ボトムエントリ型コネクタ
US20040203290A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2004-10-14 Ya-Mei Wang Connector structure
US7095622B2 (en) * 2003-06-11 2006-08-22 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Backplane support system with stiffener
US7341482B2 (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-03-11 Fci Americas Technology, Inc. Strain relief for ball grid array connectors
CN2826733Y (zh) * 2005-03-11 2006-10-11 华为技术有限公司 一种连接器接口
GB2435339B (en) * 2006-02-17 2008-12-17 Xtag Ltd Security device
US7686660B2 (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-03-30 Osram Sylvania Inc. Connector and receptacle therefor
CN101752753B (zh) * 2008-12-15 2013-11-13 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 使用螺纹连接件的电连接器
CN102497766A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 固定装置及包含该装置的散热器和屏蔽罩
DE102018101667B3 (de) * 2018-01-25 2019-04-11 Lumberg Connect Gmbh Steckverbinder mit Sekundärsicherung
US11402058B2 (en) * 2019-05-14 2022-08-02 Field Energy Ops, Inc. Boltless module support structures and boltless module attachment method

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US4843714A (en) * 1988-03-15 1989-07-04 Amp Incorporated Multiple line, automatic key programming and connector transfer system
DE8804956U1 (de) * 1988-04-15 1988-06-09 Harting Elektronik Gmbh, 4992 Espelkamp Steckverbinder zur Befestigung an Leiterplatten
JPH05226042A (ja) * 1992-02-13 1993-09-03 Nippon Denso Co Ltd コネクタ
JPH0730277A (ja) * 1993-07-12 1995-01-31 Toshiba Corp シールド装置
US5540598A (en) * 1994-06-16 1996-07-30 The Whitaker Corporation Pin spacer for an electrical connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6162090A (en) 2000-12-19
BRPI9901244B1 (pt) 2015-08-18
DE19816126A1 (de) 1999-11-04
DE59913214D1 (de) 2006-05-11
EP0949720A2 (fr) 1999-10-13
EP0949720A3 (fr) 2000-12-06
BR9901244A (pt) 2000-03-14

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