EP0949415B1 - Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0949415B1
EP0949415B1 EP98123745A EP98123745A EP0949415B1 EP 0949415 B1 EP0949415 B1 EP 0949415B1 EP 98123745 A EP98123745 A EP 98123745A EP 98123745 A EP98123745 A EP 98123745A EP 0949415 B1 EP0949415 B1 EP 0949415B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
valve member
control
fuel injection
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98123745A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0949415A2 (fr
EP0949415A3 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Dr. Heinz
Dieter Kienzler
Roger Potschin
Klaus-Peter Dr. Schmoll
Friedrich Boecking
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0949415A3 publication Critical patent/EP0949415A3/fr
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Publication of EP0949415B1 publication Critical patent/EP0949415B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0056—Throttling valves, e.g. having variable opening positions throttling the flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the patent claim 1 off.
  • the known fuel injection device is the valve chamber in a first version with no reduction in cross section connected to the control room.
  • the control valve contributes Actuation by the piezo actuator to the drain cross section Drain channel either completely or closes it.
  • Another version is the valve chamber over a Connection channel connected to the control room, this Connection channel coaxial to the valve seat on the side of the Drain channel is.
  • the amount of pre-injection is in the second described embodiment so that the Adjustment speed of the control valve member by the Piezo actuator and the geometrically defined path of the Control valve member determining quantities for the degree of Relieve the pressure in the control room.
  • a fuel injection device in which the Drain cross-section is controlled by a valve member which is actuated by a piezo actuator becomes.
  • Fuel injection valves are known from EP 0 745 764 A2 and EP 0 829 641 A2, which have an outflow cross section which is controlled by a flat seat valve which can be actuated by means of an electromagnet.
  • the fuel injection device with the characterizing features of claim 1 has against it the advantage that the control valve according to the invention sequentially two drain cross sections in succession are taxable.
  • a gradation of the Drain cross-section can be achieved depending on the stroke.
  • a first smaller discharge cross-section come into effect with which the Pre-injection can be set.
  • a sleeve-shaped Drag valve member provided that a second Drainage cross section of the drainage channel controls if that Control valve member a first, relieving the control room Stroke.
  • the one before the opening of the second Outflow cross-section through the drag valve member Pressure reduction in the valve room or control room facilitates a quick opening of the second Drain cross section in succession to the opening of the first discharge cross section at the first movement of the Trolling valve member. This can be particularly fast Opening the injection valve member at the beginning of the Main injection can be achieved.
  • the This increases the guiding quality of the valve lifter be that according to claim 11 on the valve lifter a sleeve is provided, the outer diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the inner boundary surface of the Trolling valve member. It is advantageous according to Claim 12 this sleeve after threading the Drag valve member pressed onto the plunger on this and can then be installed as a whole. Claim 13 shows an alternative attachment of the sleeve on the Valve tappet. Further embodiments of the invention with their advantages are the following description in Take connection with the drawing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a Fuel injector with fuel supply off a high pressure fuel accumulator and one Fuel injection valve of known type
  • Figure 2 a first embodiment of the invention with a Control valve member on which a drag valve member is arranged is that of a driver on the valve lifter of his Valve seat is moved away
  • Figure 3 shows a modification of the Embodiment of Figure 2 with a Control valve member having improved guidance
  • Figure 4 shows a third embodiment of the invention in Further development of the embodiment of Figure 2, wherein instead of a driver to take the drag valve member a compression spring is provided
  • Figure 5 is a fourth Embodiment of the invention in the Drag valve member a third valve seat is provided
  • Figure 6 shows a fifth embodiment with a Control valve member that both the discharge cross section from Valve space to the drainage channel as well as the connecting channel controls between the valve space and the control space
  • FIG sixth embodiment in which the control valve in analogous configuration to Figure 2, the pressure of a
  • a fuel injector with which at high Injection pressures a large variation with little effort the fuel injection with respect to the injection quantity and Injection time is possible by a so-called Common Rail System implemented.
  • This represents another kind of high pressure fuel source available as it through the usual high pressure fuel injection pumps is given.
  • the invention is also in principle conventional fuel injection pumps can be used.
  • use with one is particularly advantageous Common rail injection system.
  • a high pressure fuel source High-pressure fuel reservoir 1 provided by a High-pressure fuel delivery pump 2 from one Fuel tank 4 is supplied with fuel.
  • the pressure in the high-pressure fuel accumulator 1 is determined by detects a pressure sensor 6 and an electrical one Control device 8 supplied via a Pressure control valve 5 the pressure in the high-pressure fuel reservoir controls.
  • the control device also controls this Opening and closing of high-pressure fuel injection valves 9, used to inject fuel from the high-pressure fuel accumulator be supplied.
  • This is in the executed example as an elongated valve needle trained that a conical at one end Has sealing surface 15 with an inner Valve seat cooperates on the valve housing from which the Remove injection openings 12.
  • the valve needle is in one Longitudinal bore 13 on its upper, sealing surface 15 end facing away and is on the sealing surface 15th facing away from the longitudinal bore 13 end acted upon by a compression spring 18 in the closing direction.
  • valve needle 14 Between the guide in the longitudinal bore 13 and the The valve seat is the valve needle 14 from an annular space 19 surrounded, which opens into a pressure chamber 16, which in turn via a pressure line 17 in constant connection with the High-pressure fuel accumulator 1 stands.
  • the valve needle 14 In the area of this Pressure chamber, the valve needle 14 has a pressure shoulder 20 on, over which they oppose the pressure in the pressure chamber 16 Force of the spring 18 is applied in the sense of lifting the sealing surface 15 from the valve seat.
  • the valve needle continues to be driven by a plunger 21 applied, the valve needle 14 facing away End face 22 in a tappet guide bore 23 Control room 24 limited.
  • This is via an inlet channel 26, in which an inlet throttle 28 is provided, always with the pressure line 17 or the High-pressure fuel accumulator 1 connected.
  • the inlet channel opens into the control room 24 in a non-closable manner.
  • Connecting channel 29 from the one in a valve chamber 30 Control valve 31 opens.
  • In the connecting channel that also represents a drainage channel is one Diameter restriction, preferably in the form of a Drain throttle 32 is provided.
  • the detailed structure of the Control valve 31 is in the different Embodiments 2 to 7 shown in more detail.
  • Control valve 31 has a control valve member 34, consisting from a valve tappet 35 which is in a tappet bore 36 is guided, and a valve head 37 on the in the Valve chamber 30 protruding end of the control valve member 34.
  • a spring plate 38 is provided, on which a Compression spring 39, which strives to Bring the control valve member into the closed position.
  • the control valve member 34th acted upon by a piston 40 which is part of a Piezo actuator 41 is and when the piezo is excited depending on the degree of excitation the control valve member in different Can bring opening positions.
  • the piston can be connected directly to the piezo of the piezo actuator or by means of a hydraulic or mechanical transmission be moved by this.
  • valve head 37 arranged at the end of the valve tappet 35 has a conical entry to the connecting channel 29 in the valve head sealing surface 51 facing away from the valve chamber 30, which with a valve seat 52 to form a Valve 58 cooperates.
  • This valve seat 52 is located at the transition to an inner through hole 53 of a sleeve-shaped drag valve member 54 that the Valve tappet surrounds at a distance.
  • the inner peripheral wall of the inner through hole 53 thus forms together with the Shell surface 55 of the valve lifter 35 a Passage cross section 56.
  • Spacer ribs 57 guided on the valve lifter 35 To determine the location of the sleeve-shaped towing member 54, this is over Spacer ribs 57 guided on the valve lifter 35. These ribs leave the adequately dimensioned passage cross section 56 free.
  • Valve member sealing surface 59 which is also conical is formed with a smaller cone tip angle than the cone tip angle of the conical valve seat 46 and with the valve seat 46 cooperates.
  • the conical Valve seat 46 a main valve seat of a main valve 61 represents a much larger passage cross-section limited from the valve space 30 to the annular space 48 than that Passage cross section between the valve head 37 and The valve seat 52 of the valve 58 is limited. Farther are for better guidance of the sleeve-shaped Drag valve member between this and the peripheral wall 45th of the valve chamber 30 also longitudinal ribs 60 with in between lying grooves provided that are sufficiently large Leave passage cross-section 56 to main valve 61 free.
  • the piezo actuator is used to initiate an injection controlled by the control valve member by one Opening stroke adjusted.
  • the pilot valve 58 opened by the valve head 37 from the pilot valve seat 52 takes off.
  • the great advantage of a piezo drive is the fact that a control valve member actuated thereof corresponding to the Excitation of the actuator can be brought into defined positions can. This makes it easy and exact Injections into a pre and a main injection divide.
  • a pre-injection is required for the above presented construction of the fuel injector only a slight relief of the control room 24 so that the Injector valve member only a short opening Injection openings 12 causes.
  • the control chamber 24 quickly and be relieved effectively. The faster the injector can open or close, the more precise the Injection phase can be determined.
  • the inlet 26 Includes inlet throttle 28 and this is smaller than that Cross section on the outflow side of the control chamber 24, in particular the cross section of the discharge throttle 32, the effective relief of the control room can be achieved.
  • the final control of the cross-section to the drain channel 49 takes over the control valve. This must first against the high pressure in the control room 24 or Work on valve chamber 30. But now the cross section of the drain at the pre-valve 58 is small in relation to the main valve 61, will be a relatively minor job for opening the Valve 58 required.
  • By opening the pilot valve the pressure in the valve chamber 30 is already significantly reduced, so that when a larger pressure in the valve chamber 30th wall must be adjusted against this pressure, the force to be applied is already lower.
  • the pressure after Opening the valve should only be relieved to the extent that Injection valve member 14 remains closed, but one only little further relief of opening it causes.
  • By subsequently adjusting the Valve tappet 35 can then by increasing the Degree of opening of the pilot valve and / or by dragging Opening the drag valve member a short further relief the pressure in the control chamber 24 or valve chamber 30 be made to generate a pilot injection and then by taking back the valve lifter stroke Termination of the same. This is followed by a larger one Valve tappet stroke in which the drag valve member 54 again a full relief of the control room 24 Carrying out the main injection is effected.
  • the Front side can be designed with a crown radial passage cross sections. Limiting the Drain cross section through the drain throttle 32, which in the executed example is arranged in the connecting channel 29, can also follow in another place, for example in Drain channel 49 or by dimensioning a maximum Flow cross section 56 therebetween.
  • Figures 8a to 8c are the control processes of this Control valve.
  • Figure 8a the stroke of the Injection valve member 14 on the angle of rotation of the Internal combustion engine or the time applied. you recognizes the smaller forward stroke V of the injection valve needle 14 to carry out the pre-injection, the intermediate one Pause P at which the control valve is fully or as far it is concluded that the injection valve member pressure in the control chamber 24 bringing it back into the closed position sets, and the subsequent stroke H, via the Duration the main injection is defined. Is triggered this is shown by the sequence shown below Strokes of the control valve member.
  • the diagram 8c below shows the pressure curve shown in the control room 24 with corresponding Pressure drops when, according to diagram 8b Control valve member h1 has opened.
  • FIG. 3 A modification of the control valve according to FIG. 2 is shown in Figure 3 shown. As far as this configuration with Figure 2 matches, the same reference numbers are used. Reference is made to the corresponding description for FIG. 2 directed. Deviates from the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in Figure 3 in the area in which in Figure 2 the Valve tappet 135 is guided in the tappet bore 36, a Sleeve 166 arranged on the plunger 135. In Figure 3 is this sleeve axially between a stop 167 and one Holding disc 168 fixed on the plunger. The attack is made by a shoulder of the plunger formed at the end of the from the sleeve-shaped drag link 54 protruding spacing ribs 57 is provided.
  • the holding disc can, for example, as Snap ring in an annular groove 69 of the plunger at its out Ram bore 136 protruding end can be realized.
  • the sleeve can also be placed on the plunger 135 be pressed on.
  • the stroke 167 is also the stroke h1 defines from which the plunger, which is together with the Sleeve 166 moves to abut the sleeve-shaped Towing member 54 arrives.
  • the sleeve 166 also has their lower end facing the drag valve member 54 Reduction in diameter with which to replace the annular space 48 an annular space 148 is again formed here from FIG. 2, who is constantly in communication with the drain channel 49.
  • the Towing member 54 is as in the previous embodiment designed according to Figure 2 on its end face so that a Overflow cross section is released in the Magnitude of the passage cross section 56 is.
  • This configuration has the advantage that the Guide surface within the tappet bore 136 is larger and thus the control valve member is guided more precisely. Since the Tappet 135 for assembly by the inner one Through hole 53 must be passed, would be one Enlargement of the ram guide diameter in the area the tappet bore according to FIG. 2 is actually a limit set. By adding the sleeve 166 can still the guide surface can be enlarged, the sleeve subsequently after threading the drag valve member 54 on the valve lifter is installed. The outside diameter of the The sleeve is larger than the diameter of the inner one Through hole 53 of the drag valve member and smaller than the diameter of the valve chamber 30.
  • FIG. 4 Another variant of a control valve in a modification to The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 4 played.
  • two are different Drain cross sections of the drain channel in succession turned on.
  • the one from limited the plunger 21 of the injection valve member 14 Control chamber 24 is provided, through which the throttle 32nd contained connection channel 29 with the valve chamber 30th connected is.
  • the tappet 235 also projects into this valve space the valve head 237 and the valve head sealing surface 251, which in Closed state of the control valve in contact with the valve seat 52 of the sleeve-shaped drag valve member 54 is below Formation of the pilot valve 58.
  • Via the valve head 237 this additionally with its valve member sealing surface 59 in System held on the main valve seat 46 of the main valve 61.
  • valve seat 46 Beyond this valve seat 46 is again the Annulus 48, which is penetrated by the plunger 235 and in permanent connection with the drain channel 49.
  • sleeve-shaped drag valve member 54 on its outer circumference over longitudinal ribs 60 which are formed by grooves between them are formed on the peripheral wall 45 of the valve chamber 30 guided. These longitudinal ribs leave the flow cross section to the main valve 61 free.
  • the inner through hole 53 of the drag valve member 54 is from the valve lifter 35 spaced so that starting from the pilot valve corresponding flow cross-section 56 to the annular space 48 or drain channel 49.
  • the connecting channel 29 lies coaxially with the valve head 237 opposite and ends in an axial boundary wall 270 of the valve chamber 30.
  • the axial boundary wall is thus as the valve seat of a third valve 279 with the Valve head 237 designed as a valve member.
  • valve tappet 235 is actuated so that the realization of a pilot injection Valve head 237 in one go from its installation on The valve seat 52 is moved away until it touches Sealing surface 271 on the valve seat 270 of the third valve 279 or on the axial boundary wall 270 the valve head is relieved for a short time of the valve chamber 30 and the control chamber 24, which at appropriate dimensioning is sufficient, an opening of the Injection valve member 14 for performing a To effect pre-injection.
  • the connecting channel 29 is completely closed, so the pressure in the valve chamber can continue to relax, meanwhile the pressure in the control room 24 via the inlet 26 is rebuilding what a closing the Injector needle 14 follows.
  • the pressure relief in the valve chamber 30 in turn leads to the Return forces arranged in the annular space 48 Compression spring 272, which is between the housing and the end face of the drag valve member 54 on the annulus side supports, predominates and the drag valve member 54 of the Adjustment of the valve head 237 up to the turn tight system on the valve head sealing surface 251. If then by controlling the Piezo actuator the valve head in an intermediate position between the valve seats 270 and 46 is moved, the control room 24 over the valve chamber 30 and the large opening cross section of the main valve 61 very quickly to the fullest extent possible be relieved, so that here to carry out a Main injection a maximum, quick adjustment of the Injection valve member can take place in the opening direction.
  • the Decoupling the control room 24 from the pressure source 1 via the Inlet throttle 28 allows relief to almost full relief pressure, favored by the large Outflow cross section on the outer circumference of the drag valve member.
  • the valve head returned together with the drag valve member 54, with tight sealing of the valve 58 and the Main valve 61.
  • the great advantage of this design is that to perform the pre-injection only a single movement of the control valve member in one Direction is required and to carry out the The main injection continues to be just a return movement in shape a partial stroke in the direction of the starting position and one itself subsequent final repatriation.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 only two valves each in connection with the Control valve member and the drag valve member realized were in the above-described embodiment 4 realized a total of three valves, the valve 58 with the valve seat 52, the main valve 61 with the Main valve seat 46 and the third valve 279 with the Valve seat 270.
  • three valves are also implemented here. This execution However, builds on the configuration according to Figure 3. As in 3, the valve chamber 30 is again provided here, in the coaxial to the valve lifter 35 of the connecting channel 29 Coming from the control room 24, flows out.
  • the sleeve 366 has now in their area overlapping the annular groove 374 on the front side a conical sealing surface 375, which at corresponding movement of the valve lifter 335 to the system a conical valve seat 376 on the front of the Drag valve member 354 can be brought.
  • This valve seat 376 thus forms 375 together with the conical sealing surface a third valve 379.
  • the conical valve seat is 376 thereby to the inside of the inner through hole 53 of the Drag valve member 354 inclined, so in the opposite direction the inclination of the valve member sealing surface 59 of the main valve 61st
  • This stroke h5 is brief Relief of the valve chamber 30 and the control chamber 24, the is sufficient, the injection valve member 14 in a Pre-injection position to move.
  • the advantage in this embodiment is that by a staged energization of the piezo actuator for the pre and Main injection can be switched in only one direction got to. This results in very short switching times, in particular by switching through the one Valve seat 52 to the other valve seat 376 a very short Relief and therefore a very small pre-injection quantity realizable. To end the injection, the Tappet returned to the starting position shown. For there is a separate injection process Relief cross-section available to match the corresponding Can be adapted to requirements.
  • FIG. 6 A fifth exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 6 shown that a further development of Representing embodiment of Figure 4.
  • the mouth opens again Connection channel 29 coaxial to the valve lifter 435 in the Valve chamber 30 a.
  • the valve head 437 carries the Valve head sealing surface 51, which with the valve seat 52 on Transition from the front of the drag valve member 454 to its inner through hole 53 to form the Valve 58 cooperates.
  • the drag valve member 454 carries a conical Valve member sealing surface 459 that mates with the main valve seat 46 at the transition from the valve chamber 30 to the annular chamber 48 Formation of the main valve 61 cooperates.
  • the drag valve member 454 by a compression spring 472 in the direction of opening the Main valve 61 loaded.
  • the spring 472 overrides a thrust washer 477 on a neck-shaped extension 478 of the drag valve member 54.
  • this nozzle-shaped extension 478 becomes the drag valve member 454 tight on the outer jacket 455 of the valve lifter 435 guided so that between the valve head 437 and the Drag valve member 454 has an annular recess 480 which is included through a by the Throttle bore 481 in constant trailing valve member Connection to the annular space 48 is.
  • valve head 437 is lifted from the valve seat 52 and is moved until its sealing surface 471 touches Valve seat 470 of the third valve 479.
  • the control room is relieved for a short period of time 24, which is determined by the cross section of the Throttle bore 481 as the only connection between Control room 24 and annulus 48 at initially still Main valve seat 46 adjacent drag valve member. Then in the closed position of the third valve 479 in contact with the axial boundary wall 470 of the valve chamber 30 the valve chamber continues via the throttle bore 481 relieved.
  • Deviating from the embodiment according to FIG. 4 offers itself here the possibility of a targeted use of chokes to determine the relief dynamics of the control room 24.
  • the discharge is used to carry out the pilot injection determined by the throttle bore 481 and at The main injection is the relief of the control room 24 determined by the larger discharge throttle 32, which is smaller than the outflow cross section of the main valve 61. Together with the inlet throttle 29 then turns to the definition of Main injection in the desired gradation of pressure in the Control room 24 a.
  • the main injection will eventually by moving plunger 435 back into the one shown Starting position achieved in Figure 6, in which the pilot valve 58 and the main valve 61 are closed and the third Valve 479 is open.
  • the cross sections can be used for the preliminary and Main injection can be customized.
  • Figure 9a to 9c is recorded as the Motion sequences of the injector needle 14, the Valve head 437 and the drag valve member 454 formed are.
  • FIG 9a is about the stroke and the Time the movement of the injector needle is recorded, with a small stroke for pre-injection V, one intermediate pause P in which the injector is closed and a subsequent main injection H.
  • the pilot injection is triggered according to the underlying diagram 9b by adjusting the Valve head 437.
  • the valve head is moved through by the valve seat 52 up to the valve seat 470 of the third valve, which in represented by the number 470 on the ordinate is.
  • FIG. 7 can such a valve is also designed as a 3/2 valve be, with a in a first position of the valve Connection from the high-pressure fuel reservoir from the control room is manufactured with simultaneous closure of the Drain channel and in a second position of the valve Connection between high-pressure fuel accumulator 1 and Control room can be prevented, producing the Connection of the control room to the relief channel.
  • Figure 7 shows a very similar one in this context Design as Figure 2 with the difference that the Valve chamber 530 in permanent connection channel 529 Connection to the control room not shown here stands. This connecting channel branches from the peripheral wall of the cylindrical valve space 530.
  • valve chamber 530 The inflow of high pressure fuel takes place here on the axial End wall 570 of valve chamber 530, this inlet 526 coaxial to the axis of the valve chamber 530 or the Ram 535 opens.
  • the end face 570 forms in Mouth area of the inlet 526 a valve seat with an end sealing surface 571 on the valve head 537 in analogous configuration to FIG. 4 as third valve 479, but here in a different function, interacts.
  • Valve tappet 535 guided in a tappet bore 36 and penetrates the annular space 48, which in turn over the Main valve seat 46 the valve chamber larger in diameter 530 passes.
  • Valve member sealing surface 59 is conical, analogous to that conical transition between valve space 530 and annulus 48 and at one end of the sleeve-shaped drag valve member 54 is inclined to the outer periphery.
  • a conical valve seat 52 which with a Valve head sealing surface 551, which is also conical is formed, cooperates on the valve head 537.
  • the valve lifter 535 also has one Driver 563, which, for example, as a snap ring in a Ring groove 583 of the valve lifter can be clipped.
  • the valve head is in contact with the valve seat 52 of the valve 58 and the valve member sealing surface 59 in System on the main valve seat 46 of the main valve 61, is the Driver 563 by a stroke h1 from an end face 564 of the Drag valve member spaced. Even when the Driver 563 on the end face 564 remains sufficient Cross-section free to allow fuel flow from valve compartment 530 when the pilot valve is open through the between valve tappet 535 and the inner through hole Passage cross section 56 can flow to the annular space 48 and from there via the drainage channel to the discharge side.
  • valve lifter 535 When the valve lifter 535 is actuated by the actuator this is lifted off the valve seat 52 with the valve head be so that with simultaneous inflow of fuel via the inlet channel 536 and outflow of fuel via the Passage cross section 56 to the drain channel 49 in the Control room sets an average pressure that is sufficient is to pre-injection by opening the Injector member 14 to effect.
  • the control valve member For the Main injection is the control valve member with the Valve head 537 switched through until the Sealing surface 571 on valve seat 570 or closing of the third valve 579. The inflow of High pressure fuel in the valve compartment and thus in the Control room prevented and the control room can to Drain channel 49 are completely relieved.

Claims (22)

  1. Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne comportant une source de carburant haute pression (1) qui alimente un injecteur de carburant (9) comportant un organe de soupape (14) permettant de commander un orifice d'injection (12), ainsi qu'une chambre de commande (24) qui en étant limitée par une paroi mobile (22) reliée au moins de manière indirecte à l'organe de soupape d'injection (14), comporte un canal d'alimentation (26), venant d'une source haute pression, de préférence de la source de carburant haute pression (1) ainsi qu'un canal d'évacuation (29) menant à une chambre de décharge, alors que sa pression est commandée par une soupape de commande (31) qui commande le canal d'alimentation (26, 126) ou le canal d'évacuation (29, 49) et qui est actionnée par un piézoacteur (41), la soupape de commande (31) possède un élément de commande (34) comportant un poussoir de soupape (35) guidé dans un boítier et dont l'extrémité comporte une tête de soupape (37, 137) qui en pénétrant à l'intérieur d'une chambre de soupape (30), possède une surface d'étanchéité (51) orientée vers un siège de soupape (52) pour commander une section d'évacuation d'un canal d'évacuation (49) ; la chambre de soupape (30, 130) étant reliée à la chambre de commande (24), en étant libérée de la pression de la source de carburant haute pression (19) lorsque la section d'évacuation est fermée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la soupape de commande permet de commander successivement deux sections d'évacuation de taille différente, une première section de sortie étant commandée par une soupape préliminaire (58) et une seconde section de sortie étant commandée par une soupape principale (61).
  2. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    à l'intérieur de la chambre de soupape (30, 530) le poussoir (35) est entouré d'un organe de soupape entraíné (54) en forme de manchon, comportant une surface de limitation interne (53), de manière qu'entre entre celle-ci et le poussoir de soupape (35, 135) il existe une section de passage intérieure (56), l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) possède à l'une de ses extrémités axiales, en direction de la surface d'étanchéité (51), un siège de soupape préliminaire (52) qui forme avec la surface d'étanchéité (51), la soupape préliminaire (58) qui commande la première section d'évacuation reliée au canal d'évacuation (49) par l'intermédiaire de la section de passage intérieure (56), et à son autre extrémité axiale l'organe (54) possède une surface d'étanchéité (59) qui coopère avec un siège de soupape (46) fixe par rapport au boítier, en formant la soupape principale (61) qui commande une seconde section d'évacuation du canal d'évacuation (49) et à partir de laquelle le canal d'évacuation (49) mène plus loin en aval.
  3. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    entre la paroi (45) de la chambre de soupape (30) et l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) il existe une section de passage extérieure en direction du siège de soupape principale (46).
  4. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le siège de soupape principale (46) est formé au passage de la chambre de soupape (30) vers une chambre annulaire (48), traversée par le poussoir (35) et à partir de laquelle le canal d'évacuation (49) mène plus loin.
  5. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de soupape de commande (34) est mobile au moyen du piézoacteur (41) sur une course fixée, et quand l'organe de soupape de commande (34) est actionné pour une décharge de pression dans la chambre de soupape (30) par l'intermédiaire de la première section d'évacuation du canal d'évacuation, lors d'une première course de l'organe (34) la surface d'étanchéité (51) de la tête de soupape préliminaire (58) est décollée du siège de soupape préliminaire (25), et lors d'une seconde course de l'organe (34) l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) est décollé du siège de soupape principale (46), à la suite de quoi la seconde section d'évacuation du canal d'évacuation (49) est ouverte.
  6. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) est décollé du siège de soupape principale (46) au moyen d'un entraíneur (63) disposé sur l'organe de soupape de commande (34).
  7. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'entraíneur (63) est constitué d'un anneau, inséré dans une rainure annulaire du poussoir (35) et qui présente, lorsque la soupape préliminaire (58) est fermée, une distance h1 définissant une course de commande préliminaire, vis-à-vis de la face frontale (64) de l'organe de soupape entraíné (54).
  8. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) est sollicité, au moyen d'un ressort de pression (272, 472) s'appuyant fixement sur le boítier, en direction de la surface d'étanchéité (251, 451) de la tête de soupape, et après l'ouverture de la soupape préliminaire (58) et la réduction de pression correspondante, ledit organe (54) est guidé en amont de la soupape de commande préliminaire, de manière à l'écarter du siège de soupape principale (46) et à l'entraíner en direction de la surface d'étanchéité (251, 451) de la tête de soupape et à la suite de celle-ci.
  9. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) se trouve écarté et guidé vis-à-vis du poussoir voisin (35) par des nervures longitudinales d'écartement (57) de manière à former la section de passage intérieure.
  10. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 6, 7 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) comporte sur sa surface d'enveloppe extérieure des nervures longitudinales d'écartement (60), qui le guident le long d'une paroi périphérique cylindrique (45) de la chambre de soupape (30) en formant la section de passage extérieure.
  11. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le poussoir (135, 335) est pourvu, au voisinage de son élément guidé dans le boítier et s'écartant de la chambre annulaire (48), d'un manchon (166, 366) dont le diamètre extérieur est supérieur au diamètre de la surface de limitation intérieure (53) de l'organe de soupape entraíné (54).
  12. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le manchon (166, 366) est engagé par pression sur le poussoir de soupape (135. 335).
  13. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le manchon (166) est encastré sur le poussoir de soupape (135) entre un disque de retenue (168), fixé sur le poussoir de soupape à l'extérieur de sa glissière de guidage, et une butée (167) placée sur ledit poussoir (135).
  14. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de soupape entraíné (54) est guidé, avec une surface de limitation intérieure cylindrique (453), sur l'enveloppe extérieure cylindrique (455) du poussoir (435), et dans la zone de recouvrement de la surface de limitation intérieure avec l'enveloppe extérieure du poussoir (435) est prévu un évidement annulaire (480) qui se trouve en liaison permanente avec la chambre annulaire (48).
  15. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    sur la face frontale du manchon (366) est prévue une surface d'étanchéité (375), et la face opposée de l'organe de soupape entraíné (354) comporte également une surface d'étanchéité additionnelle (376), ces deux surfaces d'étanchéité formant ensemble une troisième soupape (379) qui s'ouvre en direction de la section de passage intérieure et qui se ferme lorsque le poussoir (335) a achevé sa course en vue d'ouvrir la première section d'évacuation de la soupape préliminaire (58) (Figure 5).
  16. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les surfaces d'étanchéité de la troisième soupape (479) ont une forme conique.
  17. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de commande (24) est reliée en permanence, par l'intermédiaire d'un
    étranglement d'alimentation (28), à la source de haute pression (1), la section de passage de l'étranglement étant inférieure à la section d'écoulement (32) du canal d'évacuation (29, 49).
  18. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 17,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la section d'écoulement efficace du canal d'évacuation (49) est limitée par un étranglement d'évacuation (32).
  19. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 17 ou 18,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de commande (24) est reliée à la chambre de soupape (30) par un canal de jonction (29) disposé de manière coaxiale vis-à-vis de l'axe du poussoir (35).
  20. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 19,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la sortie du canal de jonction (29) en direction de la chambre de soupape (30) peut être fermée à partir de la chambre de commande au moyen d'une face frontale (271, 471), ayant la forme d'une surface d'étanchéité, de la tête de soupape (235, 435) de la soupape de commande (231, 431), et elle est fermée à la fin de la course de commande préliminaire de l'organe de soupape de commande, au bout d'une certaine durée, déterminée par le mouvement d'ajustement de l'organe de la décharge de la chambre de commande (24).
  21. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon la revendication 20,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'étranglement d'évacuation (32) est disposé dans le canal de jonction (29).
  22. Dispositif d'injection de carburant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de soupape (530) est reliée au réservoir de carburant haute pression (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un canal de refoulement (526) entrant dans la chambre (530) de manière coaxiale vis-à-vis de l'axe du poussoir (535), et elle est reliée à la chambre de commande par l'intermédiaire d'un canal de jonction (529) ne pouvant être fermé, alors que l'entrée du canal de refoulement (526) dans la chambre de soupape peut être fermée au moyen d'une face frontale (571) ayant la forme d'une surface d'étanchéité, de la tête de soupape (537) de l'organe de soupape de commande à la fin de sa course servant à la décharge de la chambre de commande (530) en vue de l'injection préliminaire, ceci afin de fixer le début de la décharge de la chambre de commande en vue de l'injection principale.
EP98123745A 1998-04-11 1998-12-14 Dispositif d'injection de combustible pour moteurs à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0949415B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19816316 1998-04-11
DE19816316A DE19816316A1 (de) 1998-04-11 1998-04-11 Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0949415A2 EP0949415A2 (fr) 1999-10-13
EP0949415A3 EP0949415A3 (fr) 2002-06-12
EP0949415B1 true EP0949415B1 (fr) 2004-10-13

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US (1) US6085719A (fr)
EP (1) EP0949415B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11324848A (fr)
DE (2) DE19816316A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
US6085719A (en) 2000-07-11
EP0949415A2 (fr) 1999-10-13
JPH11324848A (ja) 1999-11-26
DE59812121D1 (de) 2004-11-18
DE19816316A1 (de) 1999-10-14
EP0949415A3 (fr) 2002-06-12

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