EP0944696B1 - Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances - Google Patents

Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0944696B1
EP0944696B1 EP97950242A EP97950242A EP0944696B1 EP 0944696 B1 EP0944696 B1 EP 0944696B1 EP 97950242 A EP97950242 A EP 97950242A EP 97950242 A EP97950242 A EP 97950242A EP 0944696 B1 EP0944696 B1 EP 0944696B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
extraction
waste oil
strong base
impurities
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97950242A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0944696A1 (fr
Inventor
Med Ali Boufahja
Abdelhafidh Jaafar
Salah Meziou
Achour 7 impasse Omar Ibn Abi Rabiaa OUAZZANE
Mohamed Dhaouadi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TUNISIENNE DE LUBRIFIANTS- SOTULUB Ste
Original Assignee
TUNISIENNE DE LUBRIFIANTS- SOTULUB Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TUNISIENNE DE LUBRIFIANTS- SOTULUB Ste filed Critical TUNISIENNE DE LUBRIFIANTS- SOTULUB Ste
Publication of EP0944696A1 publication Critical patent/EP0944696A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0944696B1 publication Critical patent/EP0944696B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0016—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of chemical agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a lubricating oil regeneration plant used with high performance.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose such a process and the corresponding installation.
  • a complementary addition of a strong base in aqueous solution due to 0.1 to 1% of pure bases by mass of lubricating oils is performed after step e).
  • the amount of strong bases in aqueous solution can be between 0.5 to 3% of pure bases by mass used lubricating oils. This addition can be totally or partially cold or hot.
  • the heating temperature of waste oils at regenerate between 120 and 250 ° C is a temperature at which the addition of the hot base is carried out in whole or in part.
  • the used oils collected may have various origins. It can be, for example, oil engine, gear oil, hydraulic oil, turbine oil, etc.
  • the regeneration process of the invention aims to eliminate light components, such as petrol, diesel and water, it allows also the elimination of degradation products from oil and additives but does not remove some components as heavy as the oils themselves and having different physical properties. he could be, for example, fuel oil elimination or treatment could not be obtained only by a complete refining process.
  • Waste oil collected 1 having undergone with successful all of the tests come together in a tank 2.
  • a base or a mixture of bases stored by elsewhere in a tank 4a is brought and mixed by means 5a to waste oils at temperature ambient between 10 and 40 ° C.
  • Heating means 3 carry the oils taken from tank 2 and possibly mixed with the base, at a temperature between 120 and 250 ° C and preferably between 140 and 160 ° C.
  • a base or a mixture of bases stored by elsewhere in a tank 4b is brought and mixed by means 5b to heated waste oils.
  • an amount of pure bases between 0.5 and 3% by mass is added to waste oils.
  • This rate as well as its distribution between the two cold and hot injection points, can be advantageously specified according to the quality of used oils and the nature of the base used.
  • the base used is a strong base, preferably sodium or potassium hydroxide. We can also consider using a mixture of these bases.
  • Waste oils brought to a temperature high, added with strong base, feed a water and oil extraction unit 6 light by triggering (flash).
  • a water and oil extraction unit 6 light by triggering (flash).
  • water evaporation is produced by expansion brutal mixing in a balloon.
  • the diesel 9 is then discharged and the remaining mixture is led to a distillation column 10 allowing the fractionation of the mixture into sections lubricating base oils 11, 12 and separation of residue 15 where all the impurities are concentrated.
  • Base oils can be separated at different levels depending on the number of cuts sought.
  • the distillation column 10 is a column traditional vacuum which allows dissociation and the extraction of residues which are directed to a accumulation tank 14.
  • the residues 15 are then removed and are likely to be used, for example, as tar or bitumen for road construction. They can also be used as fuel.
  • the vacuum distillation column 10 is preferably associated with a depletion evaporator column bottom 13 to improve sound efficiency. Part of the energy needed to the rise in the temperature of used oils before the flash preferably comes from recovery of energy carried out on the cuts of base oils lubricants 11, 12 of the column outlet 10.
  • Used oils are advantageously filtered during their recovery and when they leave the storage tank 2, so as to eliminate the solid particles they may contain.
  • An additional basic solution is added made at lower proportions than additions initials, before the flash, the additional addition being in proportions of the order of 0.1 to 1% by mass of pure bases compared to oils used lubricants. It can be done in different points of the corresponding installation in each case has an embodiment.
  • This process ensures better stability of regenerated base oils and fluidize the impurities, which allows a easier operation of the process.
  • the oil temperature is then advantageously between 270 and 310 ° C.
  • the additional basic addition is carried out under the same concentration conditions and than in the first embodiment, but after the extraction operation of diesel (stripping).
  • a base stored in a tank 18 is brought and mixed by means 19 with oil stripped reheated directed towards the column of splitting.
  • an evaporator 13 preferably thin-film, coupled to a vacuum column 10 eliminates most of the impurities.
  • the oil obtained is then subjected to oxidation accelerated in a bin 22, before a quantity complementary to pure bases is added to it.
  • a base stored in a tank 23b is brought and mixed with the oil by means of mixture 24.
  • the oil is then fractionated in the column of distillation 20.
  • the oil temperature when adding the base is advantageously between 200 and 300 ° C. for injection from reservoir 23b just before column 20 and is between 120 and 200 ° C for addition from a tank 23a directly in the oxidation tank 22.
  • the evaporator 13 is advantageously a thin film evaporator. It is also possible to use several evaporators successively.
  • the residues 21 of column 20 are, according to the efficiency of this column and the requirements imposed regenerated oils, either recirculated and injected at the entry in column 10, either routed to the storage of residues such as residues 15 from the distillation column 10 and the evaporator 13.
  • sample 2 was obtained by a process according to the invention implemented according to one of Figures 2 and 3.
  • Sample 3 was obtained by a process according to the invention implemented according to Figure 4. These samples are compared to sample 1 obtained with a single basic injection according to the prior art.
  • samples 5 and 6 obtained according to the invention are to be compared with sample 4 obtained according to the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP97950242A 1996-12-13 1997-12-05 Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances Expired - Lifetime EP0944696B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9615380A FR2757175B1 (fr) 1996-12-13 1996-12-13 Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances
FR9615380 1996-12-13
PCT/FR1997/002224 WO1998026031A1 (fr) 1996-12-13 1997-12-05 Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0944696A1 EP0944696A1 (fr) 1999-09-29
EP0944696B1 true EP0944696B1 (fr) 2001-04-04

Family

ID=9498674

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97950242A Expired - Lifetime EP0944696B1 (fr) 1996-12-13 1997-12-05 Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances

Country Status (22)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0944696B1 (cs)
AR (1) AR010353A1 (cs)
AT (1) ATE200302T1 (cs)
AU (1) AU5326998A (cs)
BG (1) BG64486B1 (cs)
CA (1) CA2274831C (cs)
CZ (1) CZ300297B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE69704500T2 (cs)
DK (1) DK0944696T3 (cs)
DZ (1) DZ2369A1 (cs)
ES (1) ES2156008T3 (cs)
FR (1) FR2757175B1 (cs)
GR (1) GR3036074T3 (cs)
HU (1) HU222544B1 (cs)
MA (1) MA24424A1 (cs)
OA (1) OA11060A (cs)
PL (1) PL186318B1 (cs)
PT (1) PT944696E (cs)
RU (1) RU2187544C2 (cs)
TN (1) TNSN97189A1 (cs)
UA (1) UA59382C2 (cs)
WO (1) WO1998026031A1 (cs)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6238551B1 (en) * 1999-02-16 2001-05-29 Miami University Method of removing contaminants from petroleum distillates
ATE324421T1 (de) 2002-07-15 2006-05-15 Sener Grupo De Ingenieria Sa Verfahren zur regeneration von altölen mittels lösungsmittelextraktion
ES2199697B1 (es) 2003-09-23 2005-02-01 Sener Grupo De Ingenieria, S.A. Procedimiento para regenerar aceites usados por desmetalizacion y destilacion.
CN101104832B (zh) * 2006-07-11 2012-04-25 北京百慧生化制药有限责任公司 废润滑油再炼制的方法及其设备
EP3078730A4 (en) 2013-11-08 2017-07-19 Sener Ingenieria Y Sistemas, S.A. Method for increasing the yield of lubricating bases in the regeneration of used oils
CN106906040B (zh) * 2017-02-28 2020-01-10 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 一种废润滑油的再生方法
CN107551657A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-01-09 杭州正进能源技术有限公司 润滑油净化再生装置
TN2017000484A1 (fr) 2017-11-20 2019-04-12 Soc Tunisienne De Lubrifiants Sotulub Amélioration du procédé de regénération des huiles usagées avec respect de différents aspects environnementaux.
CN110628455A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-31 南通市泓正再生资源有限公司 一种废矿物油再生回收处理系统
RU2712025C1 (ru) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-24 Акционерное общество "Интер РАО - Электрогенерация" Установка для регенерации использованных смазочных масел с высокими рабочими параметрами
RU2713904C1 (ru) * 2019-10-23 2020-02-11 Акционерное общество "Интер РАО - Электрогенерация" Способ регенерации использованных смазочных масел с высокими рабочими параметрами
RU2745628C1 (ru) * 2020-08-25 2021-03-29 Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский дважды ордена Трудового Красного Знамени теплотехнический научно-исследовательский институт" (ОАО "ВТИ") Установка для регенерации отработавших смазочных масел

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2818521A1 (de) * 1978-04-27 1979-11-08 Degussa Verfahren zur wiederaufbereitung von gebrauchten schmieroelen (ii)
RU2031919C1 (ru) * 1992-01-22 1995-03-27 Петров Анатолий Николаевич Способ переработки отработанных смазочно-охлаждающих эмульсий от прокатки алюминия
IT1255534B (it) * 1992-09-30 1995-11-09 Processo di riraffinazione di oli usati
FR2703067B1 (fr) * 1993-03-22 1995-08-04 Sotulub Procédé et installation de régénération d'huiles lubrifiantes.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
OA11060A (fr) 2003-03-07
BG64486B1 (bg) 2005-04-30
WO1998026031A1 (fr) 1998-06-18
UA59382C2 (uk) 2003-09-15
FR2757175A1 (fr) 1998-06-19
ES2156008T3 (es) 2001-06-01
HUP0001433A3 (en) 2001-02-28
CZ300297B6 (cs) 2009-04-15
DZ2369A1 (fr) 2002-12-28
PT944696E (pt) 2001-09-28
ATE200302T1 (de) 2001-04-15
HUP0001433A2 (hu) 2000-08-28
TNSN97189A1 (fr) 1999-12-31
DK0944696T3 (da) 2001-05-14
RU2187544C2 (ru) 2002-08-20
PL186318B1 (pl) 2003-12-31
MA24424A1 (fr) 1998-07-01
DE69704500D1 (de) 2001-05-10
FR2757175B1 (fr) 1999-03-05
BG103577A (en) 2000-05-31
EP0944696A1 (fr) 1999-09-29
CA2274831A1 (fr) 1998-06-18
AU5326998A (en) 1998-07-03
HU222544B1 (hu) 2003-08-28
CZ211899A3 (cs) 2000-03-15
GR3036074T3 (en) 2001-09-28
CA2274831C (fr) 2005-07-12
AR010353A1 (es) 2000-06-07
HK1022928A1 (en) 2000-08-25
PL334068A1 (en) 2000-01-31
DE69704500T2 (de) 2002-03-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0944696B1 (fr) Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes a hautes performances
EP0690903B2 (fr) Procede et installation de regeneration d'huiles lubrifiantes
EP0354826B1 (fr) Procédé de fractionnement et d'extraction d'hydrocarbures permettant l'obtention d'une essence à indice d'octane amélioré et d'un kérosène à point de fumée amélioré
FR2459276A1 (fr) Procede pour transformer le charbon en produits liquides
CA2757906C (fr) Biocarburant constitue d'un melange d'esters d'acides gras d'origine naturelle, et procede de fabrication dudit biocarburant
FR2735785A1 (fr) Procede de raffinage d'huiles usagees par traitement alcalin
EP0661371B1 (fr) Procédé d'obtention d'une base pour carburant pour moteur à combustion interne par hydrotraitement et extraction
EP1527152A2 (fr) Combustible emulsionne eau/hydrocarbures, sa preparation et ses utilisations
WO2000052118A1 (fr) Procede de traitement d'une huile utilisant un fluide a l'etat supercritique
FR2492840A1 (fr) Procede d'extraction par solvant pour le re-raffinage des huiles lubrifiantes usees
CA2548455C (fr) Procede de traitement d'une charge hydrocarbonee incluant un enlevement des resines
EP2305780A1 (fr) Composition, carburant et procédé de ré-émulsion d'un carburant à base d'huile végétale et/ou minérale
WO2021105024A1 (fr) Additif de lubrifiance pour carburant
EP2382286A2 (fr) Carburant de type gazole pour moteur diesel a fortes teneurs en carbone d'origine renouvelable et en oxygene
EP3121254B1 (fr) Purification d'huile et préparation d'additif anti-orniérage
FR2467880A1 (fr) Procede de recuperation d'huiles usagees
FR3055135A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un additif de lubrifiance pour carburant a faible teneur en soufre.
HK1022928B (en) High performance method and plant for regenerating lubricating waste oil
EP3620500B1 (fr) Procédé de traitement de poix d'huile de tall, composition combustible comprenant de poix d'huile de tall, utilisation comme combustible d'une composition comprenant de poix d'huile de tall et procédé de combustion
FR3145936A1 (fr) Procédé de traitement d’une composition comprenant un mélange riche en acides gras
CH684338A5 (fr) Procédé de déminéralisation des huiles usées par l'utilisation combinée des techniques du choc thermique et des ultrasons.
FR2788278A1 (fr) Procede de production d'huiles blanches et de bases craquables a partir d'huiles de lubrification usagees
EP3643766A1 (fr) Procédé de raffinage d'une bio-huile de pyrolyse
MXPA99005440A (en) High performance method and plant for regenerating lubricating waste oil
BE507513A (cs)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19990713

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: RO PAYMENT 19990713

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19990921

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: RO PAYMENT 19990713

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 200302

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 20010415

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: KIRKER & CIE SA

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20010406

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: FRENCH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69704500

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20010510

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2156008

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20010628

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Payment date: 20081127

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20081111

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20081120

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20091126

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091205

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091205

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101205

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20160923

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20160913

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20160922

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20160919

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20161221

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20161004

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20160919

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20161111

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20161006

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20161221

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20161006

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20161202

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20161223

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 69704500

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20171204

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EUP

Effective date: 20171205

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20171204

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK07

Ref document number: 200302

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20171205

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20171205

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20171213

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20171204

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20180508

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20171206