EP0943710A2 - Flammhemmendes elektrisch leitendes Gewebe - Google Patents
Flammhemmendes elektrisch leitendes Gewebe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0943710A2 EP0943710A2 EP99104698A EP99104698A EP0943710A2 EP 0943710 A2 EP0943710 A2 EP 0943710A2 EP 99104698 A EP99104698 A EP 99104698A EP 99104698 A EP99104698 A EP 99104698A EP 0943710 A2 EP0943710 A2 EP 0943710A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- electrically conductive
- conductive threads
- threads
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
- B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
- B65D88/165—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC] with electrically conductive properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/43—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with differing diameters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/533—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads antistatic; electrically conductive
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/573—Tensile strength
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/587—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads adhesive; fusible
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
- H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/041—Heat-responsive characteristics thermoplastic; thermosetting
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrically conductive fabric Plastic fibers, plastic tapes or plastic threads for Manufacture of high-strength packaging or lining sheets, which is electrically non-conductive and electrically conductive Has threads, as well as made from this fabric Bulk containers and linings, in particular for manholes in civil engineering and mining.
- Plastic fabrics are used in a dry environment electrostatic charges, especially due to friction, generated, which is in contact with grounded objects and / or suddenly unload people.
- the skipping arc can be more explosive for ignition Air / gas or air / dust mixtures. In a there is also an increased risk of fire in the surrounding area.
- a fabric of this type is suitable for the high mechanical stresses like when using the fabric for one flexible bulk container or for a lining track in the Mining occur well suited and woven through electrically conductive threads is a safe derivative of electrostatic charge reached. It is advantageous that the Modulus of elasticity of the electrically conductive threads is smaller than that of the rest of the thread material woven in warp and weft. This prevents the electrically conductive Break threads of tissue at a lower load than the threads of the non-conductive base fabric, causing breaks be avoided in the conductive grid.
- the disadvantage is that the electrically conductive thread due to its high carbon content is highly flammable and also around heavily flammable, non-electric conductive threads of the base fabric not extinguished, but itself while destroying neighboring areas burning wick pulls through the fabric.
- plastics technology cf. SAECHTLING: Kunststoff-Taschenbuch, p. 58, 25th edition, Carl Hanser Verlag 1992
- plastics with flame retardant additives to move those who stifle a flame by - in the case of chlorine or bromine containing organic compounds -
- oxygen access to the basic substance complicate or - for example with aluminum hydroxide - Water and / or carbon dioxide at high temperatures split off.
- the disadvantage is that an additional filling with a conductive Soot or graphite filled plastic with a flame retardant additive the strength values of one such plastic manufactured thread greatly reduced and these for use in fabrics for the production of high strength Makes packaging or linings unsuitable.
- GB 21 01 559 A1 is also a bulk container known, which is made of a fabric in the metal threads are incorporated over the electrostatic charges of the tissue can be derived.
- the invention has for its object a fabric of the beginning mentioned type to further develop the electrically conductive and at the same time is flame retardant and therefore in explosion and areas at risk of fire. That too should Fabrics for the manufacture of high-strength packaging and linings be suitable.
- flame-retardant is the fire behavior of a fabric in which the ignition of the fabric is prevented or delayed when exposed to a flame and in which the flame extinguishes itself within a short period of time after ignition.
- electrically conductive is a fabric whose surface resistance and earth leakage resistance measured according to DIN 53482 is at least less than the volume resistance of the air, that is less than 10 8 ⁇ , so that a discharge of electrostatic electricity is made possible.
- Threads are to be understood here to mean all spun or extruded plastic fibers, plastic tapes cut from foils or other plastic threads that can be processed by weaving technology.
- a fabric according to the present Invention flame retardant properties, although the electrical conductive threads made of flammable plastics are and do not contain any flame retardant additives or at most contain the additives in a small amount with which a flame does not go out alone is achievable.
- the electrically conductive threads of the fabric according to the invention assets over the applied metal layer or the contained Metal particles ensure an electrostatic charge against a ground conductor.
- the electrically conductive threads under the influence of heat shrinkable.
- Such threads are in a non-shrinkable Woven into the base fabric, this thread pulls when exposed to flame together and as far out of the fabric as the Influence of the heat brought in by the flame is sufficient. Outside The thread retains its mechanical properties in the heat affected zone and electrical properties.
- the invention provides that the shrinkage of the electrically conductive Thread is in any case greater than the shrinkage of the electrically non-conductive threads. It is therefore also possible that a heat-shrinkable one for the non-conductive base fabric Thread is selected. So that also escapes Whole tissue by shrinking flame. By the higher degree of shrinkage relative to the shrinkage of the base fabric the guiding thread ensures that the latter can quickly escape the effects of flame.
- the electrically non-conductive threads in an advantageous Embodiment consist of a polypropylene with a flame retardant halogen-containing additive filled and / or is coated. This material is inexpensive and suitable is therefore particularly suitable for the production of large-area fabric webs.
- the electrically conductive threads can be made of a plastic be produced in which a filling with particles of Metals or metal compounds or with carbon-containing Particles such as carbon black or graphite have increased conductivity.
- a filling can be inexpensive by adding the conductivity-increasing particles to the plastic raw material become.
- conductive plastic for thread production, whereby a homogeneous thread is obtained.
- polyaniline is well suited as a conductive plastic.
- the conductive plastic can add to the thread material can be added or the thread can be completely consist of a conductive plastic.
- the conductive threads can be coated with silver.
- the good electrical conductivity and good adhesion properties of silver on the plastic allow electrostatic Line over the outside of the thread at a low Layer thickness. Evaporation of the outside of the thread can also can be applied to a thread that already contains Additives equipped or filled, whereby the conductivity is further improved.
- An inexpensive form of training provides for a monofilament for example an extruded polyamide thread Steam metal or equip it with conductive particles.
- the flexibility of the thread is increased in another Embodiment in which the electrically conductive filaments are multifilaments are.
- a thread can consist of several fibers exist, of which at least one fiber with conductive Particles are filled and / or coated. It can be the same thick fibers can be twisted together, which is also conceivable is a sheath around a thicker conductive fiber as the core to be arranged from thinner fibers, with which the tear resistance is increased.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the cross section of the electrically non-conductive threads twice to 10 times the Cross section of the electrically conductive threads.
- the shrinking, electrically conductive fiber is not in the The basic tissue is blocked and can freely adhere to the flame Remove area.
- everyone is tenth to eightieth warp or weft one electric conductive thread, which, from the point of view of manufacturing costs, the visual appearance of the fabric and a balanced combination of electrostatic properties is reached.
- the area of the non-conductive fabric between two warp and weft threads including a rectangle is at most 100 cm 2. It has been found to be advantageous both for the electrical properties and for the manufacture and the mechanical strength of the fabric prove if the distance of the electrically conductive threads to each other in the warp direction (3) is 1 to 5 cm, preferably 2.5 cm, and in the weft direction is 10 cm to 60 cm, preferably 40 cm .
- the fabric advantageously has a breaking strength of 50 N / mm 2 to 250 N / mm 2 with an elongation at break of 10% to 50%.
- the elastic modulus of the electrical conductive threads is smaller than that of the non-conductive threads. This prevents the electrically conductive Break threads of tissue at a lower load than the threads of the non-conductive base fabric. Interruptions in the conductive grid are therefore avoided in any case.
- Fig. 1 is a portion of a manufactured according to the invention Fabric 100 shown.
- Both warp threads 3 and Weft threads 4 are tapes made of a thermoplastic. Such tapes are easily obtained by that a film is made of a plastic, which is then cut into ribbons by a knife in the direction of the web becomes. Since standard plastics, especially polypropylene, are suitable and the ribbons compared to textile yarns have a large width of approx. 0.5 to 5 mm, large-scale fabrics can be produced inexpensively.
- Electrically conductive threads 2.1, 2.2 are in the fabric 100 woven in, here schematically for better illustration as Double line are drawn; in a preferred embodiment the electrically conductive threads have a smaller one Cross section than the threads of the base fabric.
- the senior Threads 2.1, 2.2 are woven into both warp and weft, so that a discharge of electrostatic electricity can be done in all directions of the surface.
- the electrically conductive threads 2.1, 2.2 of the preferred embodiment are threads which are textured from a plurality of polyester fibers, of which at least one fiber, preferably 4 to 6 fibers, is vapor-coated with silver.
- the electrically conductive threads 2.1, 2.2 are stretched monoaxially. The stretching is effected 4 to 10 times the initial length, a stretch ratio of 5: 1 to 6: 1 being favorable for most types of plastic. The stretching is carried out after heating the plastic to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of an amorphous thermoplastic or above the crystallite melting temperature of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic and is maintained during the cooling. The plastic molecules are aligned by stretching.
- the frozen configuration of molecules oriented in the direction of stretching does not correspond to the thermodynamic equilibrium state, so that an internal state of stress results.
- a renewed heating, which makes the molecules mobile, leads to a reduction of these tensions and thus to an at least partial regression of the forced deformation.
- the effect is also called memory-effect ".
- the lower area of the fabric 100 in FIG. 1 represents the fabric changes after an attempt to determine the fire behavior.
- the test criteria were in accordance with DIN / EN / ISO 6941 Measurement of the flame propagation property of vertically arranged samples "is selected, whereby an assessment according to DIN 66083 can be carried out.
- a burner flame was in an area 6 at an angle of 30 ° against the lower edge 5 of a tissue sample 100 directed.
- the melt thermoplastic warp and weft threads (3, 4) due to the great heat and form a crust 7 of plastic melt. Since they are provided with flame retardant additives, go out the flamed threads 3, 4 about one to two seconds after removing the burner flame.
- the electrically conductive threads 2.1, 2.2 are in the heat affected zone badly shrunk. By the burner flame and heat was applied to adjacent melting tapes the molecular chains of the silver-coated polyester thread are flexible and the forced stretching condition was reduced.
- the flame does not spread further in the tissue and the damaged area in the tissue remains on area 6 of the immediate area Flame exposure limited, especially stay outside of the directly flamed area both the mechanical as well as the electrostatic properties of the fabric receive.
- the inventive Fabric 100 is flame retardant, although the electrical conductive thread 2.1, 2.2 not containing additives which is filled only by the extinguishing of a flame could cause, as in the warp and weft 3.4 the case is.
- the attempt to determine the fire behavior is carried out on a Sample from a tissue known from the prior art 200 repeats.
- the fabric 200 consists of the same warp threads 3 and wefts 4 used in fabric 100; the plastic of the threads also contains flame retardant additives.
- the electrically conductive threads 2.1 ', 2.2' are monofilaments, which have a high proportion of soot, which makes them good Conductivity is ensured. Flame retardant additives are not admixable because the strength of the threads is essential would be degraded.
- the sample is in the same experimental set-up as in the previous one Flame described example in the area 6 '. Because of the high carbon content was a rapid ignition and wick-like burning of the electrically conductive threads 2.1 ', 2.2' observed. The flame dragged along the grid threads 2.1 ', 2.2' woven into the fabric 200, with the threads 3, 4 of the base fabric despite the contained flame retardant additives have been destroyed. The attempt had to at the level of destruction shown in Fig. 2 of fabric 200 to be broken off because the flame is not self-extinguished.
- electrically conductive fabric 100 With the detection of flame retardant properties of the invention electrically conductive fabric 100 is this for applications in a potentially explosive and / or fire-prone environment suitable, as they typically process in solvents Operated and in mining due to coal dust and methane gas is given in the air underground.
- Figure 3 shows a flexible made from the fabric 100 Bulk goods container 10 with a carrying bag 15 there is a carrying strap designed as transport loops 17, 17 '.
- the carrying bag 15 has one in its lid area 14 Filler neck 18 and in its bottom area 11 Outlet 19 on.
- the carrying bag 5 is made of the high-strength, electrically conductive and flame retardant synthetic fiber fabric 100 made.
- In the collar area 16 in the cover area 14 and in the area of the filler 18 and outlet 19 a compression of the Grid network 12 made of electrically conductive threads 2.1, 2.2 is provided become.
- the material for the straps 17, 17 'to ensure the discharge conductive Material incorporated. Security is important complete grounding during filling and emptying, so that possible electrostatic charges are discharged.
- Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a shaft 30 below Days.
- the overburden 31 are supported.
- carriers 33 with hydraulic Stamp 32 pressed against the mountain 31.
- large-area lining sheets or mats with the Carriers 33 pressed.
- These can be wire mats, however are heavy and have a correspondingly large transport capacity need.
- a fabric web according to the invention 100 for lining the shaft 30 is essential lighter and easily cut material available. Since the fabric 100 is high-strength, it also tears when pressed on against outstanding rocks 34 not.
- About the woven Lattices made of electrically conductive threads 2.1, 2.2 can electrostatic charges can be discharged to earth. A possible spread of fire along the lining path is due to the flame retardant properties of the fabric 100 prevented.
Abstract
Description
- daß die elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden mit einem flammhemmenden Zusatzstoff ausgerüstet, beschichtet oder gefüllt sind,
- daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff bestehen, der mit wenigstens einem die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Zusatz ausgerüstet oder in fein dispergierter Form gefüllt ist, oder daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden mit wenigstens einem die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Zusatz beschichtet sind und
- daß wenigstens die elektrisch leitenden Fäden mittels Wärmeeinwirkung in ihrer Länge schrumpfbar sind, wobei der Schrumpf der elektrisch leitenden Fäden größer ist als der Schrumpf der elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden.
- Fig. 1
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Gewebe nach einem Beflammungsversuch in Draufsicht,
- Fig. 2
- ein Gewebe gemäß dem Stand der Technik nach einem Beflammungsversuch als Vergleichsbeispiel in Draufsicht,
- Fig. 3
- einen aus dem Gewebe gemäß der Erfindung hergestellten Schüttgutbehälter in perspektivischer Ansicht, und
- Fig. 4
- einen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Gewebe ausgekleideten Schacht im Untertage-Bergbau in schematischer Schnittdarstellung.
Claims (21)
- Elektrisch leitendes Gewebe (100) aus Kunststoffasern, Kunststoffbändchen oder Kunststoffäden zur Herstellung von hochfesten Verpackungen oder Auskleidungsbahnen, welches elektrisch nicht leitende (3,4) und elektrisch leitende Fäden (2.1, 2.2) aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden (3,4) mit einem flammhemmenden Zusatzstoff ausgerüstet, beschichtet oder gefüllt sind,daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff bestehen, der mit wenigstens einem die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Zusatz ausgerüstet oder in fein dispergierter Form gefüllt ist, oder daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) mit wenigstens einem die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Zusatz beschichtet sind unddaß wenigstens die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) mittels Wärmeeinwirkung in ihrer Länge schrumpfbar sind, wobei der Schrumpf der elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) größer ist als der Schrumpf der elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden (3, 4). - Gewebe (100) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Wärmeeinwirkung der Schrumpf der elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) das 1,2 bis 4fache, vorzugsweise das 2fache, des Schrumpfs der elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden (3, 4) beträgt.
- Gewebe (100) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Leitfähigkeit erhöhende Zusatz ein Metall oder eine Metallverbindung, vorzugsweise in Partikelform, ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Leitfähigkeit erhöhende Zusatz Kohlenstoff in Form von Ruß und/oder Graphit oder ein anorganischer leitfähigkeitserhöhender Stoff ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Leitfähigkeit erhöhende Zusatz ein intrinsisches Polymer, vorzugsweise Polyanilin, ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) mit Silber beschichtet sind.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) Monofilamente sind.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) Multifilamente sind, von denen wenigstens eine Faser mit die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Zusätzen ausgerüstet ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) aus einem Polyester, vorzugsweise aus Polyethylenterephtalat (PET), hergestellt sind.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) in Kette (3) und/oder in Schuß (4) eingewebt sind.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden (3, 4) aus einem Polypropylen bestehen, das mit einem flammhemmenden halogenhaltigen Additiv gefüllt und/oder beschichtet ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt der elektrisch nicht leitenden Fäden (3, 4) das 2fache bis 10fache des Querschnitts der elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) beträgt.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Elastizitätsmodul der elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) kleiner ist als der Elastizitätsmodul des übrigen in Kette (3) und Schuß (4) verwebten Fadenmaterials.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand der elektrisch leitenden Fäden (2.1, 2.2) zueinander in Kettrichtung (3) 1 bis 5 cm, vorzugsweise 2,5 cm, beträgt und in Schußrichtung (4) 10 cm bis 60 cm, vorzugsweise 40 cm, beträgt.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder zehnte bis achtzigste Kett-(3) bzw. Schußfaden (4) ein elektrisch leitender Faden (2.1, 2.2) ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Oberflächenwiderstand und/oder der Erdableitwiderstand des Gewebes (nach DIN 53 482) kleiner als 104 Ω ist.
- Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bruchfestigkeit des Gewebes (100) 50 N/mm2 bis 250 N/mm2 bei einer Bruchdehnung von 10% bis 50% beträgt.
- Schüttgutbehälter (10), der aus einem flexiblen Tragbeutel und daran befestigten Tragvorrichtungen (Tragschlaufe (17, 17'), -öse, -gurt oder ähnliches) besteht und bei dem wenigstens der Tragbeutel aus einem hochfesten Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüchen 2 bis 18 hergestellt worden ist.
- Schüttgutbehälter (10) nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schüttgutbehälter in seinem Deckel-(14) und Kragenbereich (16) eine gegenüber dem übrigen Gewebe des Tragbeutels erhöhte Anzahl von elektrisch leitenden Fäden aufweist.
- Schüttgutbehälter (10) nach Anspruch 18 oder 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Verwendung von Tragschlaufen (17, 17') auch diese aus einem hochfesten Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüchen 1 bis 18 hergestellt worden sind.
- Auskleidung (30) für Berg- und Tiefbauschächte, die aus aus einem hochfesten Gewebe (100) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüchen 2 bis 18 hergestellt worden ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19812406 | 1998-03-20 | ||
DE19812406 | 1998-03-20 | ||
DE19826120 | 1998-06-12 | ||
DE19826120A DE19826120C2 (de) | 1998-03-20 | 1998-06-12 | Flammhemmendes, elektrisch leitendes Gewebe |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0943710A2 true EP0943710A2 (de) | 1999-09-22 |
EP0943710A3 EP0943710A3 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
EP0943710B1 EP0943710B1 (de) | 2006-05-17 |
Family
ID=26044830
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99104698A Expired - Lifetime EP0943710B1 (de) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-03-10 | Flammhemmendes elektrisch leitendes Gewebe |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0943710B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE29823441U1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL332116A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2821528A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-06 | Fabregue Gestion Et Distrib Ve | Vetement de securite bi-couche |
CN104762722A (zh) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-08 | 陕西锦澜科技有限公司 | 一种涤棉阻燃防静电面料及其制备方法 |
CN108194142A (zh) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-22 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | 隐性裂隙带探测方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015219911A1 (de) | 2015-10-14 | 2017-04-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Faden zur Herstellung eines elektrisch leitenden Gewebes, Verfahren zur Herstellung des Fadens, elektrisch leitendes Gewebe und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie Kleidungsstück |
US10400366B2 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-09-03 | Apple Inc. | Fabric items having strands varying along their lengths |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3225080A1 (de) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-20 | Milliken Industrials Ltd., Bury, Lancashire | Flammfeste gewebe fuer industrielle zwecke und mittel hierfuer |
DE3938414A1 (de) * | 1989-08-19 | 1991-02-21 | Eurea Verpackung | Hochfestes kunstfaser-gewebe sowie aus diesem hergestellte schuettgutbehaelter und tragegurte |
DE29710701U1 (de) * | 1997-06-19 | 1997-08-28 | Schulte Klaus | Dauerhaft ableitfähiges Gewebe für den Untertageeinsatz |
DE19612225A1 (de) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-10-02 | Rotecno Ag | Einsatz von Niederdruck-Plasmen zur Erzeugung elektrisch leitfähiger, textiler Fäden |
-
1998
- 1998-06-12 DE DE29823441U patent/DE29823441U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-03-10 EP EP99104698A patent/EP0943710B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-10 DE DE59913425T patent/DE59913425D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-18 PL PL99332116A patent/PL332116A1/xx unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3225080A1 (de) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-20 | Milliken Industrials Ltd., Bury, Lancashire | Flammfeste gewebe fuer industrielle zwecke und mittel hierfuer |
DE3938414A1 (de) * | 1989-08-19 | 1991-02-21 | Eurea Verpackung | Hochfestes kunstfaser-gewebe sowie aus diesem hergestellte schuettgutbehaelter und tragegurte |
DE19612225A1 (de) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-10-02 | Rotecno Ag | Einsatz von Niederdruck-Plasmen zur Erzeugung elektrisch leitfähiger, textiler Fäden |
DE29710701U1 (de) * | 1997-06-19 | 1997-08-28 | Schulte Klaus | Dauerhaft ableitfähiges Gewebe für den Untertageeinsatz |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2821528A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-06 | Fabregue Gestion Et Distrib Ve | Vetement de securite bi-couche |
CN104762722A (zh) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-08 | 陕西锦澜科技有限公司 | 一种涤棉阻燃防静电面料及其制备方法 |
CN104762722B (zh) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-08-17 | 陕西锦澜科技有限公司 | 一种涤棉阻燃防静电面料及其制备方法 |
CN108194142A (zh) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-22 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | 隐性裂隙带探测方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0943710B1 (de) | 2006-05-17 |
PL332116A1 (en) | 1999-09-27 |
DE29823441U1 (de) | 1999-06-02 |
EP0943710A3 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
DE59913425D1 (de) | 2006-06-22 |
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