EP0942439B1 - Câble de sécurité, resistant au feu et sans halogène - Google Patents
Câble de sécurité, resistant au feu et sans halogène Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0942439B1 EP0942439B1 EP19990400527 EP99400527A EP0942439B1 EP 0942439 B1 EP0942439 B1 EP 0942439B1 EP 19990400527 EP19990400527 EP 19990400527 EP 99400527 A EP99400527 A EP 99400527A EP 0942439 B1 EP0942439 B1 EP 0942439B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- composition
- insulation
- cable
- electrical conductor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a security cable, fire resistant and halogen-free, capable of working properly for a period of time given in fire conditions, without being propagating fire or generator of significant fumes or halogenated gases.
- These cables safety cables are in particular energy transmission cables or low frequency transmission, such as control or signal cables.
- JP-A-31 10713 discloses an electric cable comprising a fire resistant barrier between electrical conductor insulation and sheathing halogen-free electric cable.
- This barrier is produced by a ribbon containing sodium carbonate or sodium hydrocarbonate which emits carbon dioxide from around 400 ° C and has a self-extinguishing action on fire.
- WO 86/03 329 discloses the use of one or more taping containing glass fibers and / or mica, to make a barrier of fire resistance around an electrical conductor.
- compositions halogen-free and resistant to fire usable as insulation and / or sheathing in the field of cables electric.
- Patents EP-A-54424 and EP-A-82407 disclose such composition, comprising a mixture formed of a first elastomer component and a second plastomer component, a mineral filler containing a metal hydroxide, and optionally carboxylic groups.
- the proportion of metal hydroxide is 180 to 320% by weight relative to the weight of the mixing, making the composition fire retardant and non-propagating.
- thermoplastic composition of same type for the sheathing of a cable comprising a mixture of an elastomer and a plastomer and 150 to 250% by weight of metal hydroxide filler in the mixture.
- This mixture does not contain carboxylic acid groups related to said charge. It is formed from 20 to 35% by weight of copolymer polyethylene / vinyl acetate and from 65 to 80% by weight of copolymer ethylene / vinyl acetate.
- Document FR-A-2 241 580 discloses another composition similarly type, which comprises a polyethylene / ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, of hydrated alumina, a silicone elastomer and possible additives and agents coupling according to the required properties and which is crosslinked using a peroxide tertiary.
- the proportions by weight of hydrated alumina are from 25 to 150 parts, silicone elastomer from 2 to 25 parts and tertiary organic peroxide from 2 10 parts, per 100 parts of copolymer.
- Document GB-A-2 060 652 describes another composition of this same type, comprising an organic polymer, in particular an ethylene copolymer, a polysiloxane, a salt of a carboxylic acid of a Group II A metal and possible additives such as in particular silica and other retarding compounds of fire.
- Document FR-A- 2 601 377 discloses a composition also of same type, with ceramic forming agents.
- This composition comprises a polydiorgonasiloxane, in particular with methyl and vinyl groups, a reinforcing silica filler, a copolymer of siloxane and silica units and hydrocarbon groups, for example with methyl, ethyl, vinyl and phenyl groups, mica in the form of particles or pulverized, and an organic peroxide.
- the proportion of mica is 40 to 220 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polydiorganosiloxane.
- Document FR-A-2 450 855 also discloses a composition fire resistant siloxane which converts to a resistant ceramic substance and homogeneous on exposure to temperatures above 500 ° C.
- This composition contains a ceramic filler which is chosen among a large number of such existing natural or synthetic fillers and used in the form of a fine powder to be dispersed in the composition.
- the proportion of ceramic filler can be 3 to 300 parts by weight in the composition. It is defined according to the ceramic property desired composition when exposed to high temperatures of a fire and the desired flexibility of this composition at temperatures normal use.
- compositions containing a filler of metallic hydroxide transforms into residual ash under the action of fire but do not allow the integrity of the cable to be preserved.
- the compositions containing a ceramic filler allow by against preserving the integrity of the cable. They are relatively high cost by compared to polyolefin compositions containing mineral fillers. They are also less flexible than the latter.
- the aim of the present invention is to improve the reliability of the behavior the fire of a safety cable, maintaining the resistivity as much as possible and the volume resistivity of the insulation composition, or minimizing the fall of these resistivities, while the insulation composition is exposed to the high temperatures of a fire.
- an electrical safety cable, fire resistant and without halogen comprising at least one electrical conductor, insulation around each conductor and an outer sheath, in which at least one of the parts components defined by the insulation of each electrical conductor and by the sheath exterior is made of a first composition made of a material polymer containing at least one ceramic filler and thus suitable to be converted at least superficially into the state of ceramic at high temperatures corresponding to fire conditions, characterized in that the insulation of each electrical conductor is alone carried out in said first composition, empty spaces are provided between said sheath and said insulation of each electrical conductor, and said sheath is produced in a second polyolefinic composition containing at least one metal hydroxide chage to burn completely and turn into residual ash under the action of fire.
- said second composition of said sheath comprises in addition an additional binder reducing the drop flow during its combustion but remaining insufficient for the transformation of said second composition in the state of ceramic given the fire conditions.
- the polymeric material is a polysiloxane or an ethylene copolymer or a mixture of the two.
- the cables shown have two or three electrical conductors 1, insulation 2 around each electrical conductor and an outer sheath 3. This outer sheath provides empty spaces 4 between it and the isolated conductors it surrounds.
- the insulation 2 around each conductor is made of a polymer composition formed from a polysiloxane and / or a ethylene copolymer and containing in particular a formative filler of ceramic due to the high temperatures of a fire.
- the outer sheath 3 is in turn produced in a polyolefinic composition containing mineral fillers likely to turn into residual ash under the effect high temperatures of a fire.
- the empty spaces occupy at least 10% of the cable section. These empty spaces favor the complete combustion of this cladding subjected to fire, made of the presence of oxygen in these spaces, and the transformation of this cladding as residual ash coming off the insulation of the conductors. They prefer simultaneously the evacuation of part of the carbon contained in the compositions sheathing and insulation subjected to the high temperatures of the fire, under form of gas resulting from the combination of carbon and oxygen. This carbon thus evacuated does not settle on the insulation, while this passes to the less superficially in the state of ceramic. However, it was noted that this presence of carbon in the cable during its combustion has an influence decisive and harmful on the volume resistivity and the surface resistivity of insulation of electrical conductors. The decrease in the amount of carbon present in the cable during its combustion allows the maintenance of its resistance isolation to a level sufficient for it to continue to function properly.
- the combustion thus favored of this cladding and its complete and relatively rapid transformation into residual ash means that the insulation quickly passes at least superficially to the state of ceramic and therefore ensures the maintenance of the physical integrity of the cable under the conditions fire.
- the duration of the transitional phase between 400 to 600 ° C is reduced by this transformation at least superficial in the ceramic state, to minimize possible macrocracks which may appear during this phase transient.
- This complete combustion of the cladding in polyoffinic composition takes place at low emission of toxic fumes and gases and without propagation of the fire.
- the cladding composition can also include a binder, in particular a ceramic filler then used in low proportion in the sheathing composition, to avoid the drop flow during its combustion and thus avoid a possible spread of fire but without leading to a change in the state of this composition in ceramic.
- a binder in particular a ceramic filler then used in low proportion in the sheathing composition, to avoid the drop flow during its combustion and thus avoid a possible spread of fire but without leading to a change in the state of this composition in ceramic.
- the desired presence of empty spaces between the insulation of each electrical conductor and the sheathing of the cable leads to a gain of the quantities of the composition which is used for the sheathing not coming fill natural spaces in a multi-conductor cable structure isolated. The cost and the release of smoke and gas are thereby reduced.
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Description
- La figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un câble de sécurité selon l'invention à deux conducteurs,
- La figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un câble d'énergie triphasé selon l'invention.
Claims (6)
- Câble électrique de sécurité, résistant au feu et sans halogène, comportant au moins un conducteur électrique, une isolation autour de chaque conducteur et une gaine extérieure, dans lequel au moins l'une des parties constitutives définies par l'isolation de chaque conducteur électrique et par la gaine extérieure est réalisée en une première composition formée d'une matière polymérique contenant au moins une charge formatrice de céramique et ainsi apte à se convertir au moins superficiellement en l'état de céramique à des hautes températures correspondant à des conditions d'incendie,
caractérisé en ce que l'isolation (2) de chaque conducteur électrique (1) est seule réalisée en ladite première composition, des espaces vides (4) sont prévus entre ladite gaine et ladite isolation (2) de chaque conducteur électrique, et ladite gaine (3) est réalisée en une deuxième composition polyoléfinique contenant au moins une charge d'hydroxyde métallique pour brûler complètement et se transformer en cendres résiduelles sous l'action du feu. - Câble selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite deuxième composition de ladite gaine (3) comporte en outre un liant additionnel réduisant l'écoulement de goutte lors de sa combustion mais restant insuffisant pour la transformation de ladite deuxième composition à l'état de céramique dons des conditions d'incendie.
- Câble selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite matière polymérique comporte un polysiloxane.
- Câble selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite matière polymérique comporte un copolymère d'éthylène.
- Câble selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite matière polymérique comporte un polysiloxane et un copolymère d'éthylène.
- Câble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, cactérisé en lesdits espaces vides (4) occupent au moins 10 % de la section dudit câble.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9803053 | 1998-03-12 | ||
FR9803053A FR2776119B1 (fr) | 1998-03-12 | 1998-03-12 | Cable de securite, resistant au feu et sans halogene |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0942439A1 EP0942439A1 (fr) | 1999-09-15 |
EP0942439B1 true EP0942439B1 (fr) | 2002-09-04 |
EP0942439B2 EP0942439B2 (fr) | 2008-01-09 |
Family
ID=9523973
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19990400527 Expired - Lifetime EP0942439B2 (fr) | 1998-03-12 | 1999-03-04 | Câble de sécurité, resistant au feu et sans halogène |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0942439B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69902705T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2776119B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU200580U1 (ru) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-29 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Камский кабель" | Кабель силовой огнестойкий с резиновой изоляцией и оболочками из огнестойких безгалогенных композиций |
RU207042U1 (ru) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-10-07 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Камский кабель" | Кабель силовой однофазный с металлической оболочкой |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2005334975B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Prysmian Energie Cables Et Systemes France | Substantially flat fire-resistant safety cable |
US7829792B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2010-11-09 | Prysmian Energie Cables Et Systemes France | Fire-resistant safety cable provided with a single insulating covering |
ES2328000A1 (es) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-11-05 | Nexans Iberia S.L. | Cable electrico resistente al fuego. |
FR2938368B1 (fr) * | 2008-11-13 | 2016-02-12 | Nexans | Cable electrique resistant au feu |
FR2946789B1 (fr) | 2009-06-11 | 2017-01-13 | Nexans | Cable electrique apte a assurer la continuite de distribution electrique en cas d'incendie. |
US8855653B2 (en) | 2012-07-18 | 2014-10-07 | Alcatel Lucent | Method, apparatus and computer readable medium for traffic redistribution in wireless networks |
CN103123828A (zh) * | 2013-02-03 | 2013-05-29 | 深圳市沃尔核材股份有限公司 | 耐火通信电缆 |
FR3066637B1 (fr) | 2017-05-16 | 2019-07-19 | Nexans | Cable resistant au feu |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3900681A (en) | 1973-08-22 | 1975-08-19 | Gen Electric | Insulated electrical conductor |
JPS5950181B2 (ja) | 1979-03-07 | 1984-12-06 | ト−レ・シリコ−ン株式会社 | 高温でセラミツク化するシリコ−ン組成物 |
US4273691A (en) | 1979-10-18 | 1981-06-16 | General Electric Company | Flame retardant compositions and coated article |
DE3047269C2 (de) | 1980-12-16 | 1983-08-04 | AEG-Telefunken Kabelwerke AG, Rheydt, 4050 Mönchengladbach | "Thermoplastische Polymermischung" |
DE3150798C2 (de) | 1981-12-22 | 1989-11-23 | AEG-Telefunken Kabelwerke AG, Rheydt, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Thermoplastische, halogenfreie flammwidrige Polymermischung |
FR2573910B1 (fr) | 1984-11-29 | 1987-06-19 | Habia Cable | Revetement isolant souple resistant au feu pour conduites, fils et cables electriques |
GB8616857D0 (en) | 1986-07-10 | 1986-08-20 | Dow Corning Ltd | Silicone compositions |
JP2782065B2 (ja) * | 1988-03-09 | 1998-07-30 | 昭和電線電纜株式会社 | 水冷ケーブル |
CA2038626A1 (fr) | 1990-03-22 | 1991-09-23 | Behrooz A. Khorramian | Cable a gaine de matiere plastique sans halogene |
US5173960A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1992-12-22 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Cable having superior resistance to flame spread and smoke evolution |
JPH0668720A (ja) * | 1992-08-18 | 1994-03-11 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 難燃性耐火電線 |
EP0751535B1 (fr) * | 1995-06-30 | 1999-12-15 | AT&T IPM Corp. | Câble ayant une résistance supérieure à la propagation de flamme et au développement de fumée |
JPH09204824A (ja) * | 1996-01-29 | 1997-08-05 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 耐火ケーブル |
-
1998
- 1998-03-12 FR FR9803053A patent/FR2776119B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-03-04 EP EP19990400527 patent/EP0942439B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-04 DE DE1999602705 patent/DE69902705T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU200580U1 (ru) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-29 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Камский кабель" | Кабель силовой огнестойкий с резиновой изоляцией и оболочками из огнестойких безгалогенных композиций |
RU207042U1 (ru) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-10-07 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Камский кабель" | Кабель силовой однофазный с металлической оболочкой |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0942439A1 (fr) | 1999-09-15 |
DE69902705T3 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
EP0942439B2 (fr) | 2008-01-09 |
DE69902705D1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
DE69902705T2 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
FR2776119A1 (fr) | 1999-09-17 |
FR2776119B1 (fr) | 2000-06-23 |
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