EP0933146A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour la formation de pièces par réstructuration de leur surface - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la formation de pièces par réstructuration de leur surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0933146A2
EP0933146A2 EP98250448A EP98250448A EP0933146A2 EP 0933146 A2 EP0933146 A2 EP 0933146A2 EP 98250448 A EP98250448 A EP 98250448A EP 98250448 A EP98250448 A EP 98250448A EP 0933146 A2 EP0933146 A2 EP 0933146A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
deformation
workpiece
tube
bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98250448A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0933146A3 (fr
EP0933146B1 (fr
Inventor
Udo Prof Dr.-Ing Hellwig
Hans-Joachim Dr. Haase
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Hellwig Udo Prof Dr
Original Assignee
Hellwig Udo Prof Dr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1998103782 external-priority patent/DE19803782B4/de
Priority claimed from DE29819194U external-priority patent/DE29819194U1/de
Application filed by Hellwig Udo Prof Dr filed Critical Hellwig Udo Prof Dr
Priority to DK98250448T priority Critical patent/DK0933146T3/da
Publication of EP0933146A2 publication Critical patent/EP0933146A2/fr
Publication of EP0933146A3 publication Critical patent/EP0933146A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0933146B1 publication Critical patent/EP0933146B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/20—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/156—Making tubes with wall irregularities
    • B21C37/158—Protrusions, e.g. dimples

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for shaping bodies by means of a structuring Reshaping of their evenly formed surface contour, using partially directed forces on the body, in which the force is applied to one selected sectoral area of the body is directed as well as a device for Execution of the procedure.
  • support cores act like a matrix and allow the structure to be shaped without contact according to the requirements of the intended use. It can also be gathered from DE 44 47 268 A1 to fold heat transmission tubes and to provide them with concave sections. In its process representation, the disclosed method gives no clue as to whether the deformation takes place using support cores or whether thermal aids are used.
  • DE 44 01 974 A1 discloses a method and a device for buckling deformation. According to the method, a buckling structure is carried out by the partial introduction of forces on the material to be deformed, but the method is not possible without the use of support cores.
  • DE 44 37 986 A1 further discloses a method of applying overpressure and underpressure to curved material webs and foils and thereby to achieve a buckling structure.
  • a support grid is necessary on which the material web rests. The openings of the support grid determine the size, contour and intensity of the structure to be applied.
  • a deformation device is shown in EP 0 383 863 C1.
  • toggle lever plates can be moved at a considerable angle.
  • the working length of the movable cylinders extends significantly from the previously known prior art.
  • the technical solutions according to the known state of the art have a relatively high wear on their working parts, in particular the bearings.
  • Their technical conception, in particular the arrangement of the wobbling toggle lever plates with their relatively complex bearings, which must be largely free of play in order to enable a uniform deformation of the centrally guided hollow workpiece, is technically complicated and technologically complex.
  • the pistons sliding in the interior of the concentrically arranged guide body in cylinders are fitted with thrust pieces which either have the contour of the uniformly curved workpiece or are designed such that they deform the workpiece and give them a concave structure.
  • the formation of such a structuring cannot be inferred from the prior art, so that the device for largely shaping uniformly curved constrictions in the hollow-profiled workpieces is recognized here or should be used for their straightening or post-forming.
  • One of the EP-like solutions is DE 25 11 942 C2.
  • the device works with radially movable working cylinders which are guided in an inner ring plate.
  • the working cylinders receive the radial working movement by two jaw bodies each, which have wedge surfaces, the inclination of which is directed against the interior of the concentrically working jaw body.
  • a radial movement of the jaw body results in a shortening of the radial space between the inner ring plate and the jaw body, and the working cylinders are pressed against and into the rotationally symmetrical sleeve, which receives a relative shortening of the surface, whereby the wall bulges and clamps inwards previously rotationally symmetrical part of the sleeve is given a uniform structure.
  • the device has the disadvantage, in spite of all functional reliability, that the wedge surfaces incorporated in the jaw bodies wear out quickly as guide surfaces under constantly changing pressure and friction. Due to the opposite movement of the two outer jaw bodies, the functional stability of the work processes of the press cylinders is not guaranteed in any case and does not allow precise deformations of rotationally symmetrical bodies which have a wall thickness which, when deformed, oppose deformation forces with high resistances.
  • the invention has for its object a method for shaping bodies by structuring remodeling of their evenly formed surface contour, using forces partially directed at the body, by means of which the Production of surface structures of bodies through changing deformation intensities can be carried out and a device for performing the Procedure.
  • the invention achieves the object by means of a method for shaping bodies by structuring the formation of their uniformly formed surface contour and applying forces directed partially at the body, in which the force input directs them to a selected sectoral area of the body, in terms of their size and sectoral extent to the extent that it is inserted and held for as long as is necessary to complete the partial shaping in the intended contour, the restoring force being permanently absorbed in the contour of the deformed body after the deforming force has been withdrawn, so that the sectoral areas are repeated on the Bodies are arranged in order to form alternately concave indented sole areas and structures forming convexly turned-out apex areas during the shaping in a selected grid, the entered deformation forces being generated by those in the static forces generated by the surface structure can be absorbed.
  • the invention is sensibly designed when the acting force is briefly and impulsively, and limited in its depth, brought to bear on the body, with permanent shape maintenance being achieved by the action of the deforming force in the area of an elastic deformation, which occurs in the partial deformation areas the concave and convex structure is transferred into the plastic area.
  • the invention is thus advantageously designed so that in the case of rotationally symmetrical bodies, the acting forces are directed radially, arranged at equal angles and concentrically, providing the periphery of the body with structuring deformations, the deformation being applied sectorally to the surface of the body, this in both body axes is structured evenly, running.
  • a sensible embodiment of the idea according to the invention is to be seen in the fact that the forces are dynamically introduced into the body and the body is shaped in a working stroke directed against the outer contour, lasting and stable, with a freely definable structure.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that structuring, primarily buckling structuring, can now be carried out on thin-walled hollow bodies or flat monolith-walled bodies or material webs by means of dynamically and briefly acting forces.
  • the action of the forces that act without contact is limited in their depth of action into the material.
  • the material is advantageously introduced into the material of the body by means of a dynamic force shock, which is vectorally limited and directed, without the aid of supporting cores or matrices or other form supports.
  • the peculiarity of the method allows the structural stability of the structure to be achieved by the fact that the structured surfaces in their sole and apex areas, i.e. where the greatest deformation is to be seen, are plastically, i.e.
  • the method is sensibly designed if the pipe is enclosed by a pressure chamber and the pressure chamber is filled with a pressure medium, is exposed to a continuously increasing pressure, which is brought to bear on the pipe surface in the inner pressure area, the annular limitation of the pressure chamber including below high pressure on the pipe is pressed pressure rings within which a dent-structured pipe section is formed with bulges evenly distributed over the pipe circumference. It is an embodiment of the invention that the section of the tube enclosed by the pressure rings with high pressure is held in a uniformly curved shape concentric with the pressure rings, advantageously several pressure chambers being arranged side by side in the axial direction in the pressure body.
  • the invention shows that the pressure chambers are changed in size by moving the pressure rings in the pressure body in the axial direction of the tube, and by opening the pressure chamber, which is divided into two half-shells, the contact pressure of the pressure rings designed as half rings is canceled and the tube is released for movement into a changed position.
  • the invention is also advantageously designed if the bodies to be deformed, to which the method according to the invention is applied, have a flat and / or uniformly curved surface and are embodied appropriately if the bodies to be deformed are in the form of a hollow body, a tube or a hollow profile Cross-section formed, undergo deformation.
  • a use of the solution according to the invention can be provided in the case of bodies which are of plane-parallel design and have a small wall thickness and have a surface structure. Shaping the invention in an advantageous manner, the surface of flat, plane-parallel bodies is provided with a relief-like surface structure which is irregular on the surface.
  • the invention is designed when the deforming force is applied to the areas of the body to be structured in a proposed areal division without contact.
  • the contour of the structure can be shaped as desired, the deforming force being a high-energy force, in particular a high-energy force Rays should be entered into the body.
  • Varying the invention in an advantageous manner it is possible to form the forces to be deformed from high-tension liquid or pneumatic media which are introduced into the body.
  • the effect of the method is so advantageous that not only the structure is created by a registered deformation work, but that this deformation work in the treated workpiece is partially different and plastic and elastically deforming areas are generated, which after completion of the deformation work, maintained position obtained by the deformation.
  • the shape of the structure entered into the body has a regular and interrupted formation extending over both body axes, whereby according to one embodiment of the invention the shape of the structure entered into the body, one extending over one of the body axes , has regular and interrupted training.
  • the invention is embodied by a device for uniformly deforming the surface of rotationally symmetrical hollow-profiled workpieces, which is formed from two ring-shaped base bodies arranged concentrically to one another, in the center of which the workpiece is between compression rams, a deformation pressure, by twisting at least one base body which corresponds to the compression rams in is an operative connection, which can be positioned by means of a radial movement, the position of which can be changed relative to the workpiece, wherein the device has an inner and outer base body arranged concentrically with respect to one another, to which levers are radially directed, movably connected, and which extend at their back have tapering extensions which are approximately directed towards the center, the front with their shaped parts carrying tangentially against the upper side of the workpiece, which is directed and centering, radially opposite one another d running parallel, with a pivoting movement about the axis arranged on the inner base body with the outer base body to give shape, are inserted radially and tang
  • the invention is expediently designed if the shaped pieces are arranged in the extensions of the levers so as to be detachable and replaceable and are arranged at regular intervals around the line of curvature of the rotationally symmetrical workpiece around its surface.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention can be seen in the fact that the heads of the shaped pieces are designed according to the shape of the deformation in the workpiece and can have any basic geometric shape and its modifications.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is to be seen in the fact that a lever acting on the base body is arranged for a manual rotary movement of the outer base body to implement the deformation work.
  • a mechanically acting device with a linkage on the outer base body can be used for a rotary movement of the outer base body.
  • the solution according to the invention has the advantage that the arrangement of levers on concentrically arranged, annular base bodies, the position and mobility of which is determined by axes that position the levers on the base bodies in a movable manner, can produce leverage effects which are transmitted to extensions.
  • the inside of the extensions which form the load arms, enclose the workpiece with the shaped pieces, which is guided axially, in a shape that follows the number of levers arranged, with three levers in a triangular shape, with six levers in a hexagonal shape.
  • the design of the swivel joints on the ring-shaped base bodies in the form of axles ensures that the levers can be moved on the axles with almost no play and thus that the levers are arranged in the area of the extensions at the same time with small tolerance values.
  • the desired offset of the bores for the lever axes to the longitudinal center axis of the body of the lever requires a deliberate release from the symmetry of the axis cross of the concentrically arranged base body.
  • Fig. 1 shows an arrangement for performing the method according to the invention in a side view. Carrying out the method with the arrangement permits shape-free hydrostatic shaping of bodies which are designed as rotationally symmetrical workpieces.
  • the rotationally symmetrical workpiece here a tube 1
  • the pressure body 3 has concentrically arranged nozzle cylinders 5 which are movably arranged in the pressure body 3.
  • the direction of movement of the nozzle cylinder 5 is represented by the directional arrows 10.
  • the pressure body 3 concentrically surrounds the tube 1.
  • locking rings 4 are arranged between the outer surface of the tube 1 and the inner surface of the pressure body 3.
  • the nozzle cylinders 5 with the nozzles 6 can be moved in the direction of the directional arrows 10 in the pressure body 3 and are moved onto the surface of the tube 1 in order to carry out the structuring process.
  • the nozzle 5 emits a short, high-intensity pressure jet onto the surface of the tube 1 and partially structures the tube 1 in this area by producing a bulge 2.
  • the nozzle cylinders 5 with their nozzles which are directed at the same angle on the longitudinal center axis 6 arises, with simultaneous operation of all nozzles 6 with their nozzle cylinders 5, a bulged ring on the pipe 1.
  • the pressure jet of the nozzles 6 is designed so that it hits the pipe surface and the pipe at high speed and high pressure in a short interval 1 deformed in this area. Due to the annular arrangement at equal angles of the pressure jets hitting the pipe surface, the pipe 1 is evenly loaded and the formation of bulges 2 of the same shape is achieved in a ring on the pipe 1. It makes sense if the nozzle cylinder 5 moves the nozzle 6 at a necessary distance 8 from the deforming pipe surface. When the bulge or bulges 2 are formed, the distance 8 between the outlet openings of the nozzles 5 and the pipe surface increases and the required pressure intensity of the pressure jet of the nozzle 6 on the region to be partially structured is weakened.
  • the nozzle cylinder 5 can move in the direction of the arrow 10 and follow the bulge 2 which is being formed, and the distance 8 between the nozzle mouth and the pipe surface remains the same. A secure shaping of the dent structure is thus achieved.
  • the pressure chamber 3, into which the nozzle 6 projects, is sealed at the end by the locking rings 4. If the pressure pulse of the pressure jet leaving the nozzle 6, which strikes the pipe surface, is short and impulsive, the pressure medium emerging in this process would fill the discharge chamber 7 and hinder the work intensity of the medium. For this reason, the discharge chamber 7 is dimensioned in such a way that, on the one hand, it is not filled by the pressure medium to be collected and does not slow down the pressure effect of the medium.
  • the locking ring 4 which is arranged to follow the direction of movement according to the directional arrow 10 'along the longitudinal center axis of the tube 1, is designed in accordance with the technological requirements, since this locking ring 4 must be set over the dent structuring because the structuring vertices 28 and base points 29 are generated on the structured surface of the pipe 1 in the dynamic manner of the method and the flatness and shape accuracy of the pipe surface is destroyed.
  • the reading expert is given in accordance with the principle of technical teaching to decide now that when producing several bulged rings lying next to each other that can cover the entire length of the tube, it does not appear necessary to arrange locking rings 4 in order to have a closed discharge chamber 7 to apply.
  • the process implementation characterized by a short-term, highly intensive structuring process, initiated by a time-limited, high-pressure, partially acting, point-impinging pressure jet on the surface of the tube 1, does not require a large amount of pressure medium which emerges from the nozzle 6 during the stamping process , because the nozzle 6 for a selective structuring releases a sharply bundled thin beam onto the pipe surface for a short time, that is to say with a small medium volume.
  • the small amount of media can freely and calmly emerge from the pressure body 3 and be discharged.
  • the pressure cylinders 5, which can optionally be moved in the direction of the longitudinal center axis, ensure a precise adjustment of the nozzle distance to the pipe surface.
  • the apex regions 28 of the structuring cannot be represented in the drawing, but must be present in any case in accordance with the method implementation in the dynamic structuring, since the pipe 1 is now partially pressed inwards from its surface by an intensive pressure surge , and during this movement of the surface part in the apex region 28 there is an intensive deformation, which stresses the structure of the material up to the region of plastic deformation and the sole regions 29 of the bulge structure are supported statically against the plastically deformed regions, the elasticity of which has been restored , keep the bulge shape and thus stabilize the entire bulge structure here in uniformly formed bulge rings.
  • 3 shows an embodiment of the method.
  • a horizontally arranged tube 11 of any length is assigned a nozzle ring 13, which includes tube 11 in a concentric position.
  • the nozzle ring 13 is provided in its inner area directed towards the pipe surface with nozzles which direct a profiling jet 15 onto the surface of the pipe 11.
  • An inner tube 14 is arranged concentrically to the interior of the tube and to the position of the longitudinal center axis of the tube 11, from which support jets 16 are directed onto the inner surfaces of the tube 11 through nozzle openings.
  • a division of six dents is provided on the circumference of the tube.
  • the profiling jets 15 of the nozzle ring 13 emerge from the inner surfaces of the nozzle ring 13 at uniformly divided intervals and are directed onto the surface of the tube 11.
  • the working direction of the profiling beams 15 is adjusted to the longitudinal center axis of the tube 11 and allows a uniformly distributed partially structuring effect on the pipe 11.
  • the working intensity of the profiling beams 15 is designed so that their exposure time is very short and with high pressure, suddenly deforming the surface of the tube 11 acts.
  • the partial effect of the profiling beams 15 is concentrated at certain points on the sole regions 29 of the bulge structure.
  • support jets 16 are directed from the inner tube 14 onto the inner surfaces of the tube 11.
  • the support jets 16 are arranged at the same distance from the action point 30 of the profiling jets 15 and strike the vertices of the longitudinal extension of the bumps 12, which become effective in the interior. Since the support jets 16 are intended to partially restrict the action pressure of the profiling jets 15 and only have to have a profiling effect in certain cases, their pressure and their working impulse are adapted to the intensity and the course of the impulses of the profiling jet 15. That is to say that the support jets 16 are activated at the same time, supporting the working effect of the profiling jet 15, but their pressure is not greater than the pressure of the profiling jets 15.
  • the breadth of variation of the method is also expressed in the fact that the counterforce of the support jets 16 is used simultaneously and impulsively in response to the sudden deformation pressure of the profiling jet 15 and thus helps to make the structural profile 16 homogeneous.
  • the method has so far been used on rotationally symmetrical bodies.
  • the principle of the method, briefly and partially intensively, to generate a deformation pressure on the surface of thin-walled bodies and thus to emboss it in the context of a bulge structure, is shown in FIG. 4 in one embodiment.
  • a circuit board 22 is placed on a table 18.
  • the circuit board 22 can be a thin-walled sheet metal or some other parallel symmetrical body.
  • the illustrated embodiment is a sheet with a small thickness, which rests on a table 18 in which a die 19 is formed.
  • the die 19 has the shape of the structure to be introduced in accordance with the method, here a bulge 20.
  • the circuit board 22 is moved in the direction of the arrow 21 over the table 18 and passes under a magnetic coil 17 which is positioned exactly above the die 19. Due to the action of the magnetic pulse generated by the magnetic coil 17, the circuit board 22 is deformed into the die 19. The deformation takes place partially, so that due to the assumed shortening of the board 22 in both directions and the loss of its plane-parallel design, only one die 19 and one magnet coil 17 are arranged.
  • the circuit board 22 can be moved in the direction of the arrow 21 to produce rows of buckling structures.
  • the bulge 20 leaves the die 19 and enters a lower part of the table 18, which is so offset that it takes up the convex shape of the bulge 20 while observing the even plane of the plate 22. It is now possible to move the board 22 forward in the direction of the arrow 21 and to produce a series of dents 20 on the plane-parallel board 22. A uniform structure can be achieved by evenly moving the plate 22 in the direction of the arrow 21. When moving unevenly, a heterogeneous, unevenly spaced dent structure is formed. It is now available to the skilled reader who reads that by moving the board 22 into the plane of the board, a structure directed towards the original row of dents 20 can be embossed.
  • the board 22 is only to be moved in the direction of the board plane or in the opposite direction.
  • the technological prerequisites for this are present on the table 18 (not shown) in order to allow the convexly shaped areas of the bulges 20 to lie flat.
  • the magnetic shock occurs briefly, dynamically intensively and with high pressure in the profiling beams 15 according to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the implementation of the method is also fulfilled if the table 18 is a lattice-structured plate, the lattice openings of which correspond to the dent structures on the board 22 to be produced later.
  • the circuit board 22 can rest completely and the magnet coil 17 is held above the circuit board 22, moved centrally over one of the grid openings.
  • the magnetic coil 17 Centered over the area of the lattice openings, the magnetic coil 17 briefly and dynamically releases the magnetic pressure onto the circuit board 22 and forms it into the opening.
  • the opening acts like the die 19. It is an advantage of this variation of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 that the plate 22 does not have to be moved along its major axes. The method complicates the exact approach to the opening center of the grating on the grating plate by means of the magnetic coil 17 and its central positioning. 5 and 6 of the method according to the invention show a further embodiment. According to this design, the introduction of the pressure by means of a tool is provided so that the pressure does not take place in a contactless manner, as in the previously described embodiments, but in contact with a plunger 25.
  • a tube 1 is arranged concentrically in a pressure body 3.
  • locking rings 4 are provided for centering the tube 1 in the pressure body 3.
  • the use of locking rings 4 is only effective when bulges 2 are to be incorporated in only one ring, structuring the tube 1.
  • six pressure cylinders 23 are arranged at a uniform distance on the circumference of the pressure body 3. Their pistons 24 are connected to tappets 25 and move the piston 24 with the tappets 25 against the surface of the tube 1 when the pressure is admitted via a pressure line 26. The movement takes place in the direction of the arrow 31 until it rests on the tube 1.
  • the pistons 24 in the Druckaylinder 23 are briefly pressurized by the pressure line 26 and the tappets 25 are driven into the pipe 1.
  • each pressure cylinder 23 has its own pressure line 26 which exerts the deformation pressure on the piston 24. It is not overlooked here that this method has uncertainties which are due to the inertia of the printing medium in the cylinder area of the printing cylinder 23.
  • a derivation 26 ' is assigned to each cylinder, which creates a vacuum in the pressure-free area of the pressure cylinder 23, in addition to the pressure of the medium in the pressure area, and thus increases the dynamic speed of the piston 24 and enables it to limit its travel.
  • the working path of the piston 24 can be limited by the lower end of the pressure cylinder 23. A sufficiently precise structural depth of the bulge 2 can thereby be achieved.
  • the arrangement of the dents 2 in the area of the pressure cylinder 23 in the tube 1 can be seen from FIG. 6. It can be seen that the introduction of the structuring on the workpieces, regardless of whether it is a rotationally symmetrical or a plane-parallel workpiece or semifinished product, which is to be formed into a product by structuring, is always only partially formed such that the change in it Extension in the direction of the major body axes is observed. Ie that rotationally symmetrical and plane-parallel bodies change due to the bulging structure compared to their original dimensions. This not only applies to the intended dent structuring, but also includes the simultaneous shortening of the workpieces in their original body lengths.
  • Characteristic of the process is its basicity, which is expressed in the fact that dynamic, briefly effective deformation work carried out under high pressure of a medium causes surfaces of bodies to be permanently deformed, the deformation work being combined in the range of plastic and elastic types of deformation and after the plastic deformation in partial areas, the entire structure areas persist in the form of an elastic deformation structure.
  • the state is achieved in that the sole and apex regions 29, 28 of the bumps 2; 12; 20 support each other and achieve a static state. 7 shows a tube section 27, the neutral wall line 32 of which is profiled by sole and apex regions 29; 28.
  • the apex regions 28 with their striking curvatures represent the region of the parts which are plastically deformed during the structuring process and the sole regions 29 are elastically deformed with gentle lines, are supported against the apex regions 28 and form the bulge structurally stable.
  • the tube 1 is surrounded by a pressure body 3, which is divided into two half-shells, executed.
  • a pressure chamber 35 is formed in the pressure body 3, which can be divided into a plurality of pressure chambers 35 by inserted pressure rings 37.
  • the pressure rings 37 can be moved in the axial direction and are designed as half rings. Their mobility allows the manufacture of variable sizes of the pressure chambers 35.
  • a pressure ring 36 provided on both end faces of the half-shells of the pressure body 3, is immovable and forms the lateral boundary of the pressure chamber 35, which is delimited by the pressure rings 37 in the interior of the pressure body 3.
  • the two half-shells of the pressure body 3 are brought into a functional position by movement in the direction of the directional arrows 33, placed around the tube 1 and firmly connected to one another.
  • the pressure rings 37 are pressed with their inner surfaces at high pressure onto the tube 1, brought into an immovable position and form the pressure chamber 35 in the interior of the pressure body 3.
  • a pressure medium is passed through a bore 34 into the pressure chamber 35 and fills it with a constantly increasing pressure.
  • the pressure is increased until there is an annular structuring of the tube section enclosed by the pressure chamber 35.
  • the person skilled in the art understands that the pressure in the pressure chamber 35 builds up uniformly around the pipe section.
  • the method thus ensures that the self-organization of the bulges 2 forming the structure takes place uniformly in terms of their position and size.
  • the bumps 2 are limited in the axial direction of the tube 1 by the pressure rings 36, 37, which are pressed onto the tube surface with high pressure.
  • the high contact pressure prevents the bump 2 from cresting in the area of the support of the pressure rings 36; 37 and forcibly displaces it in the inner edge area of the pressure rings 36; 37 located in the pressure chamber 35.
  • the structuring is also forced into a bulge shape in that the pressure rings 36, 37 prevent the tube jacket from escaping from the uniformly curved shape and do not allow the tube 1 to form an axially continuous fold.
  • the pressure decreases linearly with the size of the dent structure. The pressure drops suddenly since the bulges 2 bulge inwards within a very short time and the volume of the pressure chamber 35 increases, the pressure medium relaxes and the pressure drops suddenly. If this state is reached, the structure process is complete.
  • the pressure rings 37 are designed to be displaceable on the surfaces with which they rest on the inner wall of the pressure body 3 and can thus be used when working with a plurality of pressure chambers 35 in a pressure body 3 follow the axial movements of the tube 1.
  • This process step makes it possible either to pressurize all of the pressure chambers 35 uniformly and to structure the tube 1 or to place the pressure chambers 35 successively in a functional position in which they are successively pressurized.
  • the course of the process makes it clear to the person skilled in the art that the structure must be produced abruptly by the now self-organizing dents 2.
  • FIG. 10 clearly shows the basic design of the device and the exercise of technological processes and motion sequences.
  • Two annular base bodies 38; 39 are arranged in a concentric position.
  • the base bodies 38; 39 are connected by means of axes 41; 42, which are arranged with equal divisions on the outer base body 39 and on the inner base body 38 and have levers 40 which extend 45, which extend in the direction of the center point of the device, onto the Levers 40 are incorporated.
  • the extensions 45 are approximately flush with the lever back 53.
  • the inner annular base body 38 is predominantly non-rotatable and fixed.
  • the outer base body 39 is moved around this base body 38 in a rotary movement, in the present example in the clockwise direction, and the lever 40 is pivoted about the axis 41.
  • the lever 40 moves in the axis 42 as a counter-holder and, due to the longer lever arm, generates a force which is entered into the workpiece 1 in a radial and vectorial tangential movement via the extension 45.
  • the force input into the workpiece 1 is recorded as plastic deformation work in the workpiece 1.
  • the embossing or structuring of the body of the workpiece 1 produced in this process takes place by means of the shaped pieces 43; 44.
  • the entry of the forces is rectified, introduced radially opposite, so that an uneven deformation of the workpiece 1, here a tube, can not take place.
  • the shape of the structure or the indentations of the tube 1 which is produced here depends on the shape of the head of the shaped pieces 43; 44.
  • the shape of the head of the shaped pieces 43, 44 is spherical and evenly curved and forms domes which are evenly distributed over the circumference of the tube 1.
  • annular structures are introduced into the tube 1.
  • the structural pattern can be done either by pivoting the device about its central axis or by pivoting the tube 1 about its longitudinal center axis. The pivoting takes place, adapted to the desired structure, in this form by half a width of the size of the structured dome.
  • the design of the spherical section of the shaped piece head selected in the exemplary embodiment can have a different geometric shape, for example a pyramid, an ellipse and the like. basic geometric shapes to be replaced. Forms that crack or kink in the deformation area of the material should be avoided.
  • the lever 40 has a predominantly rectangular shape with a plane-parallel thickness formation.
  • the bores 50; 51 are laterally offset from the longitudinal center axis of the lever 40, have an exact fit and take the axes 41; 42 of the base body 38; 39.
  • the offset 52 from the longitudinal center axis produces a favorable beveling of the position of the levers 40 for their radial extension on the base bodies 38; 39, but does not impair their exact, opposite radial arrangement.
  • the position of the levers 40 according to their arranged number is determined by the angle ⁇ on the edge 55 of the front lever side, which comes into contact with the back 53 of the subsequent lever 40.
  • the inside 54 of the extension 45 an essential functional part of the overall device is formed.
  • the inside 54 carries in its bore 48 the fitting 43.
  • the size of the angle ⁇ determines the course of the inclination 49 of the inside 54 of the extension 45.
  • the inclination 49 of the inside 54 guarantees that when the power arm of the lever 40 is moved between the Axes 41; 42 a radially directed force with a vectorial tangential direction is generated.
  • the outer base body 39 has a lever arm 47 at fixed articulation points.
  • the lever arm 47 is provided for a circular partial movement of the annular base body 39. It can be designed with a corresponding extension for a manual rotation of the base body 39 or can be used for the articulation of mechanically operated devices.
  • the device optionally allows a function in a lying position.
  • the workpiece 1 to be machined, here the pipe 1 is guided vertically through the device. In the case of large lengths of workpieces 1 to be structured, possibly long pipes, it is necessary to erect the device and to guide the pipe horizontally. In both positions, the inner base body 38 is either completely locked or partially movable in the opposite direction to the outer base body 39.
  • a partial, rotating overall movement of the device is also necessary if, viewed in the axial direction of the workpiece 1, the structural rings of the workpiece 1 are to be offset from one another. 12 shows the device in a working position with the deformation process completed.
  • FIG. 10 shows the device in an open state with a centrally fixed tube 1.
  • the lever backs 53 and the contact surfaces 56 lie with their extensions in the vicinity of the next lever 40.
  • the lever back 53 detaches from the next lever 40 and the contact surface 56 slides along the inside 54 of the extension 45 until it comes to rest firmly against it. Since the bores 50 and the length of the extension 45 towards the contact surface 56 are precisely worked on all levers 40, the working depth is precisely fixed by locking the contact surface 56 on the inside 54 of the extension 45 of the overall device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP98250448A 1998-01-22 1998-12-23 Procédé pour la formation de pièces par restructuration de leur surface Expired - Lifetime EP0933146B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK98250448T DK0933146T3 (da) 1998-01-22 1998-12-23 Fremgangsmåde ved formning af emner ved en strukturerende omdannelse af deres overfladekonturer

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1998103782 DE19803782B4 (de) 1998-01-22 1998-01-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Formgebung von Körpern durch eine Nebenformen bildende Umgestaltung
DE19803782 1998-01-22
DE29819194U DE29819194U1 (de) 1998-10-28 1998-10-28 Vorrichtung zum gleichmäßigen Verformen der Oberflächen hohlprofilierter rotationssymmetrischer Werkstücke
DE29819194U 1998-10-28

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03023480 Division 2003-10-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0933146A2 true EP0933146A2 (fr) 1999-08-04
EP0933146A3 EP0933146A3 (fr) 2001-04-18
EP0933146B1 EP0933146B1 (fr) 2004-08-25

Family

ID=26043496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98250448A Expired - Lifetime EP0933146B1 (fr) 1998-01-22 1998-12-23 Procédé pour la formation de pièces par restructuration de leur surface

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0933146B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE274383T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59811867D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0933146T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT933146E (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1372924A1 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2004-01-02 Machine Solutions, Inc. Technologie de pliage d'un ballonnet

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202007014218U1 (de) 2007-10-10 2008-07-10 Hellwig, Udo, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Einrichtung zum Temperieren flüssiger oder gasförmiger Medien in solarthemischen Anlagen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3203078A (en) * 1963-01-04 1965-08-31 Buchanan Electrical Prod Corp Method of making an electrical connection
FR2018559A1 (fr) * 1968-09-20 1970-05-29 Little Inc A
FR2152349A1 (fr) * 1971-09-06 1973-04-27 Dallet Jean
FR2348762A1 (fr) * 1976-04-23 1977-11-18 Peyronnet Jean Appareil manuel a sertir
US5261263A (en) * 1992-12-21 1993-11-16 Whitesell Eric J Crimping pliers with radially opposed jaws
DE4401974A1 (de) * 1993-04-06 1995-07-27 Frank Prof Dr Mirtsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beulverformung
DE19711103A1 (de) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-10 Udo Prof Dr Hellwig Verfahren zum Verformen von Bauelementen durch Magnetstrukturierung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3203078A (en) * 1963-01-04 1965-08-31 Buchanan Electrical Prod Corp Method of making an electrical connection
FR2018559A1 (fr) * 1968-09-20 1970-05-29 Little Inc A
FR2152349A1 (fr) * 1971-09-06 1973-04-27 Dallet Jean
FR2348762A1 (fr) * 1976-04-23 1977-11-18 Peyronnet Jean Appareil manuel a sertir
US5261263A (en) * 1992-12-21 1993-11-16 Whitesell Eric J Crimping pliers with radially opposed jaws
DE4401974A1 (de) * 1993-04-06 1995-07-27 Frank Prof Dr Mirtsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beulverformung
DE19711103A1 (de) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-10 Udo Prof Dr Hellwig Verfahren zum Verformen von Bauelementen durch Magnetstrukturierung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1372924A1 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2004-01-02 Machine Solutions, Inc. Technologie de pliage d'un ballonnet
EP1372924A4 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2006-04-12 Mach Solutions Inc Technologie de pliage d'un ballonnet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0933146T3 (da) 2005-01-03
EP0933146A3 (fr) 2001-04-18
PT933146E (pt) 2005-01-31
DE59811867D1 (de) 2004-09-30
ATE274383T1 (de) 2004-09-15
EP0933146B1 (fr) 2004-08-25

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