EP0932441A1 - Verfahren zum betrieb einer querstrom-filtrationsanlage, sowie anlage zu dessen durchführung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betrieb einer querstrom-filtrationsanlage, sowie anlage zu dessen durchführungInfo
- Publication number
- EP0932441A1 EP0932441A1 EP98925372A EP98925372A EP0932441A1 EP 0932441 A1 EP0932441 A1 EP 0932441A1 EP 98925372 A EP98925372 A EP 98925372A EP 98925372 A EP98925372 A EP 98925372A EP 0932441 A1 EP0932441 A1 EP 0932441A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- filtration
- product
- electric motor
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/22—Controlling or regulating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a cross-flow filtration system for a product comprising at least one filtration module with product flow and permeate drain, a pipeline for supplying and discharging the product to and from the filtration module, a pump with an electric motor in the pipeline for the supply line of the product to the filtration module, as well as a device for adjusting the flow of the pump.
- the invention also relates to a cross-flow filtration system for carrying out this method.
- Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis In all operating modes, at least one pump is required to transport a product to be filtered past the surface of the filtration membrane. A static pressure and a flow rate of the product occur at each filtration membrane, which cause part of the product to permeate the filtration membranes.
- a known optimization goal of such systems is a large filtration capacity as the amount of permeate in liters per membrane area in square meters and filtration time in hours.
- Another goal is to achieve a high maximum degree of thickening of the remaining part of the product as a retentate. The degree of thickening is expressed as a proportion of the Wet strubes in percent of the retentate amount determined in a centrifuge test. In addition to many other operating parameters, these goals are directly dependent on the stated static pressure and flow velocity of the product.
- Solids concentrations at the end of the filtration also have advantages in the subsequent washing out of the retentate.
- the required time and detergent (water) is largely dependent on this solids concentration.
- the object of the invention is therefore to enable the maximum possible filtration performance due to the plant with a high solids content of the product without endangering operational safety as a result of overloads.
- this object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by measuring the strength of the operating current of the electric motor and adjusting the delivery flow of the pump to at least one predetermined value by means of the setting device.
- the method is preferably carried out in such a way that the predetermined value of the operating current of the electric motor is a maximum permissible setpoint of the current consumption.
- the value of the operating current of the electric motor is used as a controlled variable by comparison with the predetermined value as Setpoint is regulated to the setpoint by means of a controller via the device for setting the delivery flow of the pump as a controlled system in a control loop.
- a device for adjusting the delivery flow of the pump is preferably a throttle valve connected downstream of the pump in the supply line of the product or a device assigned to the power supply of the electric motor for adjusting the frequency of the operating current and thus the pump speed.
- the inlet pressure into the filtration module can be controlled by a throttle device in the module outlet for the retentate.
- the method according to the invention offers the additional advantage, even when module cleaning is required outside of the filtration operation, that better cleaning of the modules in the flow method is made possible as a result of the safe maximum product flow.
- FIG. 1b shows the courses of different operating sizes in a filtration with a small system according to FIG.
- FIG. 1c shows a scale display for an operator of a small system according to FIG. 2a shows a diagram of a large-scale system with crossflow filtration for carrying out the method according to the invention
- Fig. 2b shows the curves of different operating sizes in a filtration with a large system according to Fig. 2a
- FIG. 2c is a diagram of a speed control in a large system according to FIG. 2c.
- a simple cross-flow filtration system comprises a container 1 for holding a quantity of raw juice to be filtered from fruits, which is supplied as a raw product via a line 2. Via a line 3 connected to the container 1 at the bottom, the juice is fed from a pump 4 via a valve 5 to a filtration module 6 of a type known per se. Filtration modules of this type comprise a multiplicity of tubular filtration membranes, to which the product to be filtered is passed outside or mostly inside. These membranes are symbolized by a single membrane 7 in FIG.
- part of the product penetrates openings in the membranes 7 and reaches the other sides of the membranes 7, from which it is removed as a permeate or filtrate by means of a collecting line 8.
- the remaining part of the product is returned as retentate through a line 9 via a valve 10 into the container 1.
- the permeate penetrates the membranes 7 due to a pressure difference (also called transmembrane pressure), which is generated by the pump 4 in connection with the flow resistance of the filtration module 6 and the valve 10.
- the transmembrane pressure in modules 6 of known type is limited to a permissible maximum value of typically 6 bar. Since the permeate in the collecting line 8 according to FIG. 1 a is under ambient pressure, one can be provided at the input of the module 6 Pressure gauge 11 of the transmembrane pressure pl be monitored.
- the pump 4 is driven by an electric motor 12 which has a scale display 13 for monitoring its operating current il of the type shown in FIG. 1c.
- valve 5 When operating the small system according to FIG. 1 a, valve 5 is closed at the beginning and valve 10 is partially open. Then the pump 4 is started. The electric current il absorbed by the electric motor 12 can be read off the scale display 13, FIG. 1c. Now valve 5 is fully opened and valve 10 is then opened until a maximum permissible current imax according to the marking on the scale display 13 is reached.
- the pump 4 is dimensioned such that the transmembrane pressure pl generated does not exceed a permissible maximum value for the module 6 at the beginning and also during a subsequent increase as a result of a thickening of the retentate.
- Ib shows the courses of the current il and the pressure pl over the time t. This completes the start-up phase of this small system.
- the pressure drop ⁇ p via the filtration module 6 increases due to the thickening of the retentate. Due to the pump characteristics of the pump 4, the inlet pressure pl at the module 6 then increases and the electrical current consumption il of the motor 12 decreases, as shown in FIG. 1b . If the current consumption il reaches a minimum value imin, as it is shown on the scale display 13, then a minimum product flow rate Ql is also reached at the input of the module 6, corresponding to a maximum permissible wet tub content of the retentate, as shown in FIG. 1b.
- the occurrence of imin means an alarm message, in which manual or automatic re-dilution and then product displacement of the residual amount of retentate in the retentate circuit 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 is initiated with water.
- the time of the beginning of the redilution is in Fig. Lb on the t-axis with R designated, the course of the viscosity of the retentate
- a regulating and control unit 20 is provided according to FIG. 2a, which regulates the operating current il of the electric motor 12 for the pump 4 for the circulation of the product as a controlled variable
- the control unit 20 Comparing setpoint imax and regulating il to imax.
- the control unit 20 generates a control signal which is fed to a control valve 5 'as a control path for the product flow Q1 generated by the pump 4.
- a pressure meter 11 'at the input of the filtration module 6 generates a signal p1 corresponding to the inlet pressure prevailing there, with which a control valve 10' in the retentate output line 9 of the module 6 is set via the control unit 20 so that p1 is at the maximum permissible transmembrane pressure pmax remains constant.
- control valve 5 ' is closed at the beginning and the control valve 10' is fully open. Then the pump 4 is started against the closed control valve 5 '. Then the opens
- Control circuit 12, 20, 5 ' the control valve 5' and regulates the drive current il of the electric motor 12 for the pump 4 to the maximum permissible value imax constant, as shown in FIG. 2b.
- the control valve 10 ' regulates a constant inlet pressure pmax at the module 6, as is also shown in FIG. 2b.
- FIG. 2b also shows how the viscosity ⁇ of the retentate increases over the course of the operating time t. This has the consequence that the pressure px at the outlet of the pump 4 also increases until the start R of the redilution, the
- the beginning R of the redilution can be initiated when a minimum product flow Q1 at the input of the module 6, corresponding to a maximum permissible wet matter content of the retentate, has been reached.
- a flow transmitter 21 is provided according to FIG. 2a, the output signal of which is fed to the control unit 20. If the product flow rate Q1 reaches the minimum value Qmin, the control unit 20 interrupts the retentate cycle by sending the retentate via a control line 22 and a slide 23, as well as a
- Control line 24 and a slide 25 from the container 1 to a rinsing tank 26 are controlled by the rinsing tank 26.
- Water is used for the back-dilution and rinsing, which is fed to the line 3 via a slide 27 opened for this purpose by the control unit 20, while the inlet from the container 1 is closed via a slide 28. If the container 1 is also to be rinsed, slide 27 is closed, slide 28 opened; and the water is supplied to the container 1 via a line 29.
- the control valve 5' with the controller 20 for its control value can be replaced by a controller 20 'for the frequency of the drive current of the motor 12 and thus the speed n the pump 4, as shown in Fig. 2c.
- the current intensity il is measured in the controller 20 'as a controlled variable, but il is changed by the frequency as a manipulated value and not by the product flow Ql according to FIG. 2a.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 2c prevents unnecessary energy destruction in the valve 5 'according to FIG. 2a, but it also avoids mechanical problems caused by the moving parts of the valve 5'.
- the container 1 receives the amount of raw juice to be filtered as a batch tank at the beginning of each filtration process, and then the supply of the raw juice is interrupted.
- FIG. 2a the possibility is provided that retentate is continuously discharged from the line 9 for returning the retentate via a slide 30.
- the slide 30 can be opened and closed by the control unit 20. When the slide valve 30 is open, continuous operation of the filtration system with continuous supply of raw juice and continuous removal of permeate is possible. Flushing of the system is necessary in this case due to a decrease in the permeate flow in line 8 due to blockage of the membranes 7 of the module 6.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH165697 | 1997-07-08 | ||
| CH01656/97A CH692479A5 (de) | 1997-07-08 | 1997-07-08 | Querstrom-Filtrationsanlage sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Anlage. |
| PCT/CH1998/000266 WO1999002245A1 (de) | 1997-07-08 | 1998-06-19 | Verfahren zum betrieb einer querstrom-filtrationsanlage, sowie anlage zu dessen durchführung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0932441A1 true EP0932441A1 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
Family
ID=4215564
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98925372A Withdrawn EP0932441A1 (de) | 1997-07-08 | 1998-06-19 | Verfahren zum betrieb einer querstrom-filtrationsanlage, sowie anlage zu dessen durchführung |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6375847B1 (cs) |
| EP (1) | EP0932441A1 (cs) |
| JP (1) | JP2001500431A (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA2265620A1 (cs) |
| CH (1) | CH692479A5 (cs) |
| CZ (1) | CZ73199A3 (cs) |
| HU (1) | HUP0000816A3 (cs) |
| PL (1) | PL332048A1 (cs) |
| WO (1) | WO1999002245A1 (cs) |
| ZA (1) | ZA985970B (cs) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7037382B2 (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 2006-05-02 | Z Corporation | Three-dimensional printer |
| US6007318A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-12-28 | Z Corporation | Method and apparatus for prototyping a three-dimensional object |
| WO2003008076A1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-30 | Miox Corporation | Dual head pump driven membrane system |
| US7297268B2 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2007-11-20 | Miox Corporation | Dual head pump driven filtration system |
| US6607669B2 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2003-08-19 | Scilog, Inc. | Method and apparatus for enhancing filtration yields in tangential flow filtration |
| US6350382B1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-02-26 | Scilog, Inc. | Enhancing filtration yields in tangential flow filtration |
| DE50213515D1 (de) * | 2001-03-14 | 2009-06-18 | Ludwig Michelbach | Umkehrosmose-Anlage |
| USRE49221E1 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2022-09-27 | Parker Intangibles, Llc | Single-use manifolds for automated, aseptic handling of solutions in bioprocessing applications |
| US6712963B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2004-03-30 | Scilog, Llc | Single-use manifold for automated, aseptic transfer of solutions in bioprocessing applications |
| US9283521B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2016-03-15 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Single-use manifold and sensors for automated, aseptic transfer of solutions in bioprocessing applications |
| JP2007503342A (ja) * | 2003-05-23 | 2007-02-22 | ズィー コーポレイション | 三次元プリント装置及び方法 |
| JP2007505607A (ja) * | 2003-10-01 | 2007-03-15 | キャンベル・スープ・カンパニー | 植物の酵素処理およびろ過のためのプロセスならびにそれにより入手可能な製品 |
| US20050280185A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-12-22 | Z Corporation | Methods and apparatus for 3D printing |
| US7410587B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2008-08-12 | Scilog, Inc. | Liquid handling for filtration and preparative chromatography |
| US7387359B2 (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2008-06-17 | Z Corporation | Apparatus and methods for servicing 3D printers |
| US20070126157A1 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2007-06-07 | Z Corporation | Apparatus and methods for removing printed articles from a 3-D printer |
| US7510654B2 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2009-03-31 | Spf Innovations, Llc | Method and apparatus for the filtration of biological samples |
| US8747669B1 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2014-06-10 | Spf Innovations, Llc | Method and apparatus for the filtration of biological samples |
| US9575087B2 (en) | 2012-09-06 | 2017-02-21 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Risk-managed, single-use, pre-calibrated, pre-sterilized sensors for use in bio-processing applications |
| WO2007139938A2 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2007-12-06 | Z Corporation | Apparatus and methods for handling materials in a 3-d printer |
| US20090032446A1 (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | Triwatech, L.L.C. | Mobile station and methods for diagnosing and modeling site specific effluent treatment facility requirements |
| US8790517B2 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2014-07-29 | Rockwater Resource, LLC | Mobile station and methods for diagnosing and modeling site specific full-scale effluent treatment facility requirements |
| US8231787B2 (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2012-07-31 | Spf Innovations, Llc | Tangential flow filtration system |
| US9028701B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2015-05-12 | Tmci Padovan S.P.A. | Apparatus and method for filtering liquids, particularly organic liquids |
| US8817259B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2014-08-26 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Optical sensors for monitoring biopharmaceutical solutions in single-use containers |
| KR101993488B1 (ko) | 2011-09-01 | 2019-06-26 | 추가이 세이야쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 한외여과에 의해 고도로 농축된 항체를 포함하는 조성물의 제조 방법 |
| KR20140073037A (ko) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-16 | 코웨이 주식회사 | 관형막을 이용한 수처리 시스템의 운전방법 |
| AU2017313042A1 (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2019-04-04 | Genzyme Corporation | Methods of processing a fluid including a recombinant therapeutic protein and use thereof |
| EP3466524A1 (en) | 2017-10-06 | 2019-04-10 | The Automation Partnership (Cambridge) Limited | Multivariate automated crossflow filter control |
| CN112280666B (zh) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-03-18 | 江苏苏净集团有限公司 | 一种智能集菌仪的控制方法及除菌方法和应用 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4366061A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1982-12-28 | Cordis Dow Corp. | Automated diaphragm apparatus and method for controlling negative pressure hemodialysis treatment |
| WO1984004049A1 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1984-10-25 | Ebara Corp | Control apparatus for reverse osmosis process system |
| JPS6393304A (ja) * | 1986-10-07 | 1988-04-23 | Ebara Corp | 逆浸透膜モジユ−ルによる淡水化装置のフラツシング方法およびその装置 |
| JPH0630763B2 (ja) * | 1987-04-30 | 1994-04-27 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | 逆浸透膜モジユ−ルによる淡水化装置 |
| JPS6411610A (en) | 1987-07-02 | 1989-01-17 | Sasakura Eng Co Ltd | Operation controller for reverse-osmosis membrane condenser |
| US5004535A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1991-04-02 | Aquatec Water Systems Incorporated | Water purification system |
| JPH0811172B2 (ja) | 1990-07-19 | 1996-02-07 | 工業技術院長 | 活性汚泥を含む生物処理液の膜分離方法及び装置 |
| JPH06114372A (ja) | 1992-10-01 | 1994-04-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 海水淡水化制御方法 |
| JP3311139B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-20 | 2002-08-05 | 株式会社東芝 | 膜モジュールシステム |
| US5800173A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1998-09-01 | Heasley; John M. | Absorbent polymer roll holder |
| US5958243A (en) | 1996-07-11 | 1999-09-28 | Zenon Environmental Inc. | Apparatus and method for membrane filtration with enhanced net flux |
| US5685987A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1997-11-11 | Tresco, Llc | Method for recycling formalin |
-
1997
- 1997-07-08 CH CH01656/97A patent/CH692479A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-06-19 CZ CZ99731A patent/CZ73199A3/cs unknown
- 1998-06-19 HU HU0000816A patent/HUP0000816A3/hu unknown
- 1998-06-19 US US09/254,045 patent/US6375847B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-19 CA CA002265620A patent/CA2265620A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-19 EP EP98925372A patent/EP0932441A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-06-19 JP JP11507940A patent/JP2001500431A/ja active Pending
- 1998-06-19 WO PCT/CH1998/000266 patent/WO1999002245A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-19 PL PL98332048A patent/PL332048A1/xx unknown
- 1998-07-07 ZA ZA985970A patent/ZA985970B/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9902245A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL332048A1 (en) | 1999-08-16 |
| CA2265620A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
| US6375847B1 (en) | 2002-04-23 |
| ZA985970B (en) | 1999-02-17 |
| HUP0000816A2 (en) | 2000-07-28 |
| CZ73199A3 (cs) | 1999-10-13 |
| CH692479A5 (de) | 2002-07-15 |
| HUP0000816A3 (en) | 2001-09-28 |
| WO1999002245A1 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
| JP2001500431A (ja) | 2001-01-16 |
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