EP0931309B1 - Einrichtung zum absorbieren und/oder dämpfen von schallwellen - Google Patents
Einrichtung zum absorbieren und/oder dämpfen von schallwellen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0931309B1 EP0931309B1 EP97938876A EP97938876A EP0931309B1 EP 0931309 B1 EP0931309 B1 EP 0931309B1 EP 97938876 A EP97938876 A EP 97938876A EP 97938876 A EP97938876 A EP 97938876A EP 0931309 B1 EP0931309 B1 EP 0931309B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- thin
- chamber system
- sound waves
- support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001743 silencing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003660 reticulum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006264 polyurethane film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
- G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for absorbing and / or damping sound waves with a sound wave damping and / or insulating chamber system in the preamble of Claim 1 mentioned genus.
- Absorber devices made of aluminum are also known (EP-A-0557 597. Two aluminum outer layers are replaced by one Sawtooth-like aluminum spacers in Kept apart.
- plastic packs fiber material and inorganic thermally highly resilient Fiber material made of, for example, basalt stone wool as a sound-absorbing material Cladding for the engine compartment of motor vehicles to form and these packs on the one facing the engine Partly with a reflective heat radiation Laminate aluminum foil.
- the invention has for its object the establishment of genus mentioned at the outset with simple means to improve that, despite being easy to manufacture, if possible far introduced to sound and possibly heat sources can be and still good acoustic Has insulation and steam properties.
- the Material used for the facility can be recycled as cheaply as possible or be disposable without harming the environment.
- the thin, vibratable layer consists of Aluminum or an aluminum alloy with a layer thickness between 0.004 and 0.35 mm; preferably between 0.0045 and 0.020 mm. It has been shown that despite the use one compared to numerous used for cover films Plastics of much more rigid material, here aluminum, such a thin aluminum layer the above task then triggers when it is designed and arranged to vibrate is. "Viability” is understood here to mean the ability execute vibrations when sound waves hit, whose amplitudes also depend on the degrees of freedom of vibration the aluminum foil has between those parts, on which she is supported.
- the "thin oscillating film” transmits airborne sound waves that hit one side of the same, in the airspace on the other side of the same, even if the "sound pressure" decreases, which finally also advantageous for acoustic damping is.
- the thin, swingable aluminum layer covers a system of Resonance chambers based on the so-called Helmholtz principle.
- the thin one Layer covered with a thin thermoplastic layer.
- the aluminum foil can be used for special sound wave frequency spectra also be at least partially perforated.
- the unit consisting of the shell-like carrier and in particular the web-shaped spacers are preferably made of GMT (glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic). You can in the injection molding process but also be made by deep drawing.
- GMT glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic
- the thin vibratable aluminum layer itself to a chamber system deformed by deep drawing.
- thermoplastic layer On the aluminum foil to apply by lamination.
- the thermoplastic layer should consist of polypropylene (PP) (also polyester, Polyethylene or the like would be suitable). It recommends a layer thickness of the same in the area of the same layer thickness order like the thin aluminum layer.
- PP polypropylene
- Such Aluminum-thermoplastic composite layer is inexpensive deep-draw, but still maintains sufficient vibratory capacity when impacting sound waves.
- the aluminum foil can also be a porous aluminum body cover, for example, an aluminum fiber fleece; important is, that the thin aluminum layer is able to vibrate does not lose, even if this is due to the nonwoven Aluminum is somewhat reduced. This "all-aluminum technique" is beneficial for disposal.
- thermoplastic layer is preferred on that Side of the aluminum foil arranged, which the Sound wave incidence is turned away.
- the thermoplastic of this Plastic layer can also be used as a connecting means to the structural unit from serving in particular GMT with which the facility is connected to an aggregate by fusion.
- the vibratable aluminum-thermoplastic composite layer according to the invention has also proven to be advantageous when sticking to the surface facing the engine compartment Bonnet for example of a motor vehicle.
- Such bonnets are caused by sound waves, particularly the engine generated, often stimulated to vibrate, causing the bonnet itself forms a sound source.
- the vibratable aluminum foil over the thermoplastic layer works with the hood, which is made especially of metal the oscillatable aluminum layer over the thermoplastic layer also as a damping element for the vibrations of the bonnet. Because the vibration frequencies of the extremely thin aluminum layer on the one hand and the hood's sheet metal on the other the device according to the invention can differ greatly also their job as sound-absorbing and at the same time as a sound absorbing component.
- the carrier 4 is trough-shaped as a carrier shell educated; it consists e.g. from GMT and is e.g. in the Pre-fabricated deep-drawing process. From the inside 4a of the Carrier shell pull plate-shaped spacers 14 in essentially perpendicular to the plane of the carrier shell up to that Place where they support the spanned vibratable thin aluminum layer 1 one Serve layer thickness of 0.1 mm.
- the carrier 4 e.g. according to FIG. 2 coated with a thermoplastic layer 8 made of polypropylene and with the edges 4b of the cup-shaped support 4 and with the free ends 14a of the web-shaped spacers 14 are welded (thermal) or glued.
- a thermoplastic layer 8 made of polypropylene
- the membrane-like Layer 1 stretched tight.
- resonance chambers 2 are formed between the carrier shell and the layer 1, resonance chambers 2 are formed.
- the spacers 14 consist of the same material as the carrier shell and are in one piece with it, for example in Injection molding process.
- the carrier 4 is as Shaped that, for example, a car partition or a Dashboard forms.
- a Chamber system for absorbing sound from the engine compartment Sound waves arranged by an aluminum thermoplastic composite film 1a in the schematically shown Deep-drawn and additionally with an aluminum foil 1, which in turn can be laminated with a thermoplastic film, is covered. This creates a system called resonances generated in the chambers 2.
- FIG. 3 there is a chamber system 11 on the engine compartment 12 facing side of the partition 7 between the engine compartment 12 and Passenger compartment 13 of a motor vehicle 5 is arranged. Moreover is a composite system 10 on the underside of the hood 6 glued that from an aluminum foil 1 and a laminated Foil 8 consists of the plastic PP.
- the Aluminum foil 1 facing the engine compartment 12 on the free side, while the thermoplastic film 8 on the side of the connection layer to the sheet metal of the hood 6 so that a Vibration system of the aluminum foil 1 on the one hand and the Sheet metal of the hood 6 on the other hand, but with completely different Vibration frequencies arise, which results to dampen vibrations of the hood 6 in the sense of a "deadening" leads.
- Damping and insulation devices 10 and 11 exist under other in that this is very close to the one Engine units serving as heat sources can be brought up, whereby a significant gain in space is achieved without the functionality of the sound attenuation and Soundproofing devices even when there is a lot of heat is affected.
Description
- Figur 1
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung;
- Figur 2
- einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch eine Aluminium-Thermoplast-Verbundfolie und
- Figur 3
- ein Kraftfahrzeug in Seitenansicht mit teilweise aufgebrochenem Motorraum.
Claims (11)
- Einrichtung zum Absorbieren und/oder Dämpfen von Schallwellen mit einem Schallwellen dämpfenden und/oder dämmenden Kammersystem (11) und mit einer dünnen Schicht (1), die an der dem Schallwelleneinfall zugewandten Seite des Kammersystems (11) membranartig über dieses gespannt ist, bei der das Kammersystem (1) aus einem Träger (4) und von diesem abstehenden Abstandhaltern (14) besteht, die eine einstückige Baueinheit mit diesem bilden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kammersystem (1) Resonanzkammern im betreffenden Frequenzbereich der zu absorbierenden und/oder dämpfenden Schallwellen bildet, dass die dünne Schicht (1) als schwingfähige Schicht aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung einer Schichtdicke zwischen 0,004 und 0,35 mm ausgebildet und an der dem Schallwelleneinfall abgewandten Seite (B) mit einer dünnen thermoplastischen Kunststoffschicht (8) überzogen ist, und dass die Abstandhalter (14) stegförmig vom Träger (4) abstehen. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dünne Aluminiumschicht (1) gelocht ist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dünne Aluminiumschicht (1) zu dem Kammersystem (11) hin verformt ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dünne schwingfähige Aluminiumfolie eine Schichtdicke zwischen 0,0045 und 0,020 mm aufweist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichtdicke der thermoplastischen Kunststoffschicht (8) die gleiche Größenordnung wie die Schichtdikke der dünnen Aluminiumschicht (1) aufweist. - Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die dünne thermoplastische Kunststoffschicht (8) Polypropylen verwendet ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die thermoplastische Kunststoffschicht (8) mit der Baueinheit verschmolzen ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einstückige Baueinheit aus den Abstandhaltern (14) und dem Träger (4) spritzgepreßt oder tiefgezogen ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einstückige Baueinheit aus den Abstandhaltern (14) und dem Träger aus GMT besteht. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dünne Aluminiumschicht (1) an die Innenfläche einer Motorhaube (6) eines Kraftfahrzeugs (5) angeklebt ist. - Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dünne Aluminiumschicht (1) an der dem Motorraum (12) zugewandten Seite einer Trennwand (7) zwischen Motorraum (12) und Fahrgastraum (13) eines Kraftfahrzeugs (5) befestigt ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29617845U | 1996-10-14 | ||
DE29617845U DE29617845U1 (de) | 1996-10-14 | 1996-10-14 | Einrichtung zum Absorbieren und/oder Dämpfen von Schallwellen |
PCT/EP1997/004258 WO1998016915A1 (de) | 1996-10-14 | 1997-08-05 | Einrichtung zum absorbieren und/oder dämpfen von schallwellen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0931309A1 EP0931309A1 (de) | 1999-07-28 |
EP0931309B1 true EP0931309B1 (de) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=8030556
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97938876A Expired - Lifetime EP0931309B1 (de) | 1996-10-14 | 1997-08-05 | Einrichtung zum absorbieren und/oder dämpfen von schallwellen |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6305494B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0931309B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3553614B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100381740B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE230887T1 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ294793B6 (de) |
DE (2) | DE29617845U1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2185987T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HUP0001117A3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL185933B1 (de) |
PT (1) | PT931309E (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998016915A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (36)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE29803674U1 (de) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-07-15 | Faist M Gmbh & Co Kg | Schichtstoff |
DE19838766C1 (de) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-02-17 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Schallisolierendes Formteil und dessen Verwendung sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
GB2345951A (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2000-07-26 | Draftex Ind Ltd | Sound-absorbing structure |
DE19952689A1 (de) * | 1999-11-02 | 2001-05-03 | Cww Gerko Akustik Gmbh & Co Kg | Schalldämmwand und Verwendung derselben |
US6528437B1 (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2003-03-04 | Milliken & Company | Composite fabric for vehicles |
DE10034301C2 (de) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-06-13 | Bruss Dichtungstechnik | Schallgedämpftes Gehäuse für Geräusch erzeugende Maschinen |
DE10128207A1 (de) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-12 | Alveo Ag Luzern | Wiederverwertbares, Luftschall absorbierendes Formteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
ITMI20020409A1 (it) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Isopol Srl | Elemento di rivestimento ad elevate proprieta' fonoassorbente |
JP2004062074A (ja) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-26 | Toyota Motor Corp | 吸音装置 |
US6808045B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-10-26 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | Secondary acoustic attenuator for vehicle |
WO2004062966A2 (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2004-07-29 | Cascade Engineering Inc. | Molded lightweight foam acoustical barrier and its method of application |
JP4050632B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-24 | 2008-02-20 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 吸音構造体 |
US6966402B2 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2005-11-22 | Dana Corporation | Acoustical heat shield |
WO2004110742A1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2004-12-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Casing-free insulation blanket |
DE10332833B4 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-07-28 | Siemens Ag | Schalldämpfungsvorrichtung mit Oberflächenmembran |
DE20320100U1 (de) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-05-12 | Carcoustics Tech Center Gmbh | Luftschallabsorbierendes Bauteil |
JP4543715B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-23 | 2010-09-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | エンジンフード構造体 |
DE102004053751A1 (de) * | 2004-11-06 | 2006-05-11 | Seeber Ag & Co. Kg | Akustik-Verkleidungsteil für ein Fahrzeug |
JP4795712B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-21 | 2011-10-19 | パイオニア株式会社 | スピーカー装置用振動系部品及びその製造方法 |
DE102005029729A1 (de) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Röchling Automotive AG & Co. KG | Verkleidungs- oder Gehäuseteil eines Fahrzeugs und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JP4845493B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-02 | 2011-12-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
JP4785571B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-13 | 2011-10-05 | ダイキョーニシカワ株式会社 | 車両のドア構造 |
US7520370B2 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2009-04-21 | William Orlin Gudim | Combination acoustic diffuser and absorber and method of production thereof |
JP4312221B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2009-08-12 | 株式会社クボタ | トラクタ |
US20080099278A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-01 | Lear Corporation | Acoustic insulator and method of manufacturing same |
JP5359167B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-07 | 2013-12-04 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 車体構造体および荷室 |
JP5257203B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-08-07 | アイシン精機株式会社 | エンジンカバー構造 |
DE102010041666A1 (de) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-05-03 | Röchling Automotive AG & Co. KG | Kfz-Abgasführungsvorrichtung mit einem Funktionsgehäuse und einem Abgas-Kanal |
US9260064B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2016-02-16 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Heat reflective material |
JP6041617B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-22 | 2016-12-14 | 株式会社イノアックコーポレーション | 吸音構造体 |
JP6165466B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2017-07-19 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 防音構造 |
DE102014218731A1 (de) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Energieabsorber und Überkopfsystem mit Energieabsorber |
DE102014218730A1 (de) | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Energieabsorber und Überkopfsystem mit Energieabsorber |
US20180028159A1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Butterfly Network, Inc. | Rearward acoustic diffusion for ultrasound-on-a-chip transducer array |
JP7394673B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-19 | 2023-12-08 | 河西工業株式会社 | 自動車用遮音パネル |
US20230326444A1 (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-10-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cast cover with integrated noise mitigation method |
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DE9215277U1 (de) * | 1992-11-10 | 1993-02-18 | Asglawo Gmbh, O-9200 Freiberg, De | |
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DE9408118U1 (de) * | 1994-05-17 | 1995-09-14 | Faist M Gmbh & Co Kg | Schallabsorber |
-
1996
- 1996-10-14 DE DE29617845U patent/DE29617845U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-08-05 KR KR10-1999-7003198A patent/KR100381740B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-05 ES ES97938876T patent/ES2185987T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-05 DE DE59709111T patent/DE59709111D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-05 PT PT97938876T patent/PT931309E/pt unknown
- 1997-08-05 CZ CZ19991322A patent/CZ294793B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-05 AT AT97938876T patent/ATE230887T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-05 US US09/284,559 patent/US6305494B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-05 PL PL97332825A patent/PL185933B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-05 WO PCT/EP1997/004258 patent/WO1998016915A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-05 JP JP51794098A patent/JP3553614B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-05 HU HU0001117A patent/HUP0001117A3/hu unknown
- 1997-08-05 EP EP97938876A patent/EP0931309B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ132299A3 (cs) | 1999-11-17 |
DE59709111D1 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
JP2001507470A (ja) | 2001-06-05 |
KR20000049116A (ko) | 2000-07-25 |
US6305494B1 (en) | 2001-10-23 |
KR100381740B1 (ko) | 2003-04-26 |
PT931309E (pt) | 2003-04-30 |
HUP0001117A2 (hu) | 2000-08-28 |
WO1998016915A1 (de) | 1998-04-23 |
ATE230887T1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
ES2185987T3 (es) | 2003-05-01 |
CZ294793B6 (cs) | 2005-03-16 |
PL332825A1 (en) | 1999-10-11 |
PL185933B1 (pl) | 2003-09-30 |
JP3553614B2 (ja) | 2004-08-11 |
EP0931309A1 (de) | 1999-07-28 |
DE29617845U1 (de) | 1998-02-12 |
HUP0001117A3 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
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