EP0929708B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten, gekräuselten bikomponentenfasern - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung eines spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten, gekräuselten bikomponentenfasern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0929708B1
EP0929708B1 EP98947325A EP98947325A EP0929708B1 EP 0929708 B1 EP0929708 B1 EP 0929708B1 EP 98947325 A EP98947325 A EP 98947325A EP 98947325 A EP98947325 A EP 98947325A EP 0929708 B1 EP0929708 B1 EP 0929708B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
thermobonded
fibers
bicomponent
bicomponent fibers
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98947325A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0929708A1 (de
Inventor
Axel Nickel
Stefan Etzold
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Corovin GmbH
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Corovin GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43828—Composite fibres sheath-core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43832—Composite fibres side-by-side
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43914—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres hollow fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y10T428/24994—Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a Spunbonded fabric made of thermobonded crimped bicomponent fibers, the bicomponent fibers each consisting of two plastic Materials with different properties exist.
  • the object of the invention is a method of the aforementioned Kind to provide by the spunbonded from thermobonded crimped bicomponent fibers are created can, which are voluminous and by which targeted influence the properties of the fleece with regard to strength, Porosity, crimp of the single fiber and final weight taken can be. If necessary, water resistance should also be the nonwovens created by the process by the process be influenceable.
  • the bicomponent fibers each consisting of two plastic Materials with different properties exist, in a first step, the two plastic ones Materials spun fibers are uncrimped and stretched, in a second step on a screen belt filed and thermobonded and in a third step the bicomponent fibers of the nonwoven obtained Longitudinal and / or transverse stretching and thermal treatment curled.
  • a larger volume is particularly advantageous if the fleece resulting from the process according to the invention used as an acquisition layer in diapers or sanitary napkins becomes.
  • this is with bicomponent fibers of the side-by-side type.
  • Process with bicomponent fibers with an eccentric core carried out.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides that the process with segmented hollow bicomponent fibers is performed, with adjacent segments of each fiber different materials.
  • the fibers of the fleece are drawn and thermally treated such that the fibers curling and fibrillating.
  • a fleece obtained in this way has the same basis weight a significantly lower porosity, which is reflected in a higher water resistance of the fleece.
  • the fibers consist of two polypropylene granules be spun, with a first polypropylene granules one Viscosity range MFI from 16 to 35 and the second polypropylene granulate has a viscosity range MFI which 8 to 10 points below the MFI viscosity range of the first Polypropylene granules.
  • the fibers consist of two different ones Polyolefins or from a polyolefin and from PET can be spun.
  • FIG. 1 shows an application example in the form of a diaper 10 for the use of one from the method according to the invention resulting spunbond 12 shown.
  • the side-by-side type hollow fiber 22 consists of two cylinder jacket halves 24 and 26 made of plastic Materials with different properties. So there is the cylinder jacket half 24 made of polypropylene of the viscosity range MFI 16 to 35, whereas the cylinder jacket half 26 consists of a polypropylene, the viscosity range MFI 8 to 10 points below the viscosity range MFI of the polypropylene of the cylinder jacket half 24 lies.
  • the fleece 12 obtained in this way can now be in the diaper 10 placed a core 14, used as an acquisition layer 16 become.
  • This acquisition layer 16 serves a spatial Separation between the core absorbing the body fluid 14 and the coverstock 20 attached to the organism. That is, the acquisition layer 16 serves to prevent liquid accumulated in core 14 from re-entering Contact with the body surface of an organism to be treated can get there because the coverstock 20 is usually like this must be kept porous that it is not possible to use it as to lay out semipermeable structures. A leak from the core 14 stored liquid is finally through a film 18, which is connected to the cover stock 20, prevented.
  • the material of the cover stick 20 can be one according to the invention Process produced spunbonded can be used for its production shown in Fig. 3 bicomponent fibers 28 with a jacket 30 and an eccentric core 32 be used.
  • One made with such fibers 28 Spunbond is suitable for use as a coverstock 20, because it then has a very soft feel and is kind to the skin is.
  • a spunbonded fabric is to emerge from the method according to the invention, which has good water resistance for the production of this fleece shown in Fig. 4 fibers 34 used.
  • the cross section of this shown in Fig. 4 Fiber 34 consists of individual segments 36 and 38, with adjacent ones Segments 36, 38 from different raw materials consist, for example, of polypropylene with different Viscosity ranges MFI, made of polyolefins such as PP and PE in the different phases or from a combination of PET with a polyolefin.
  • MFI Viscosity ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten gekräuselten Bikompontenenfasern, wobei die Bikompontenenfasern jeweils aus zwei plastischen Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften bestehen.
Aus der EP 0 391 260 A1 ist ein derartiges Verfahren bekannt, bei dem sich auf einem Siebband abgelegte Kompositfasern durch Wärmeeinwirkung, nämlich durch temperierte Luft, kräuseln und miteinander verkleben. Bei diesem Verfahren wird kurz vor der Zufuhr heißer Luft kalte Luft von unten durch das Siebband geblasen, wodurch sich das Vlies aufplustert. Ein derartiges Vlies hat eine Dicke bis etwa 2,3 mm. Nach einem derartigen Verfahren hergestellte Vliese können in Hygieneprodukten , wie Windeln oder Damenbinden, als Acquisitionlayer verwendet werden. Für einige Anwendungsbereiche besitzen derartige Vliese aber eine zu geringe Dicke bzw. weisen einen zu harten Griff auf und sind auch nicht voluminös genug. Ein ähnliches Verfahren ist auch aus der US 5 382 400 bekannt.
Diesen und anderen Verfahren ist gemeinsam, daß die Kräuselung der Filamente einzig und allein durch thermische Behandlung erreicht wird, wobei während der thermischen Behandlung der Filamente auch die Thermobondierung erfolgt, d. h., das Verkleben der einzelnen Fasern an ihren Bondingpunkten. Diese so gewonnenen Vliese genügen nicht allen Anforderungen, insbesondere bei der Verwendung dieser Vliese für Hygieneprodukte, insbesondere sind sie oftmals nicht voluminös genug.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, durch das Spinnvliese aus thermobondierten gekräuselten Bikomponentenfasern geschaffen werden können, die voluminös sind und durch welches gezielt Einfluß auf die Eigenschaften des Vlieses bezüglich Festigkeit, Porösität, Kräuselung der Einzelfaser und Endgewicht genommen werden kann. Im Bedarfsfall soll auch die Wasserdichtigkeit der nach dem Verfahren geschaffenen Vliese durch das Verfahren beeinflußbar sein.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gelöst, welches die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 aufweist.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spinnylieses aus thermobondierten gekräuselten Bikomponentenfasern, wobei die Bikomponentenfasern jeweils aus zwei plastischen Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften bestehen, werden in einem ersten Schritt die aus den zwei plastischen Materialien ersponnenen Fasern ungekräuselt abgezogen und verstreckt, in einem zweiten Schritt auf einem Siebband abgelegt und thermobondiert und in einem dritten Schritt werden die Bikomponentenfasern des gewonnenen Vlieses durch Längs- und/oder Querstreckung und thermische Behandlung gekräuselt.
Es hat sich nämlich überraschend gezeigt, daß sich sehr gezielt Einfluß auf die Eigenschaften des Vlieses nehmen läßt, wenn während der thermischen Behandlung das Vlies in Längs- und Querrichtung gestreckt wird. Die eigentliche Kräuselung der Bikomponentenfasern entsteht bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beim der Längs- und/oder Querstreckung folgenden Entspannen, welches auch als Relaxieren bezeichnet werden kann.Die Kräuselungsrate kann durch das kombinierte thermische und mechanische Beeinflussen der Fasern im Vliesverband erhöht werden, wodurch das derart gewonnene Vlies voluminöser wird als mit bisher bekannten Verfahren gewonnene Vliese. Bei durch übliche Verfahren geschaffenen Vliesen geht nämlich ein Teil der Kräuselung, und damit ein Teil des Volumens, während des Thermobondierens und sonstiger thermischer Behandlungen verloren.
Es wurde als vorteilhaft gefunden, die Kräuselung erst nach dem Thermobondieren durch mechanisches Strecken zu erreichen, wodurch das Volumen des so gewonnenen Vlieses größer ist als bei durch bisher übliche Verfahren geschaffenen Vliesen.
Ein größeres Volumen ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn das aus dem erfindunsgemäßen Verfahren hervorgegangene Vlies als Acquisitionlayer in Windeln oder Damenbinden verwendet wird.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird dieses mit Bikomponentenfasern des Side-by-Side-Typs durchgeführt. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das Verfahren mit Bikomponentenfasern mit exzentrischem Kern durchgeführt. Durch die Verwendung von Bikompontenenfasern des Side-by-Side-Typs und des Typs mit exzentrischem Kern als Voll- oder Hohlfaser läßt sich erreichen, daß ein weicher Griff des Produktes entsteht. Durch diesen weichen Griff ist es möglich, alle bisher im Hygienebereich eingesetzten Vliesstoffe zu ersetzen.
Eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß das dem Verfahren mit segmentierten Hohl-Bikomponentenfasern durchgeführt wird, wobei benachbarte Segmente jeder Faser aus unterschiedlichen Materialien bestehen. Hierbei ist als weitere Ausgestaltung vorgesehen, daß die Fasern des Vlieses derart verstreckt und thermisch behandelt werden, daß die Fasern sich kräuseln und fibrillieren. Hierbei macht man sich die Erkenntnis zu nutze, daß das Verstrecken insbesondere von segmentierten Bikomponentenfasern über einen bestimmten Verstreckungsgrad hinaus ein Fibrillieren, d.h. ein kontrolliertes Aufreißen oder Aufspleißen bewirkt. Werden die derart verstreckten und fibrillierten Fasern wieder entspannt, werden sie zusätzlich zur Fibrillierung gekräuselt.
Ein derart gewonnenes Vlies besitzt bei gleichem Flächengewicht eine deutlich geringere Porösität, die sich in einer höheren Wasserdichtigkeit des Vlies niederschlägt.
Es ist in einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die Fasern aus zwei Polypropylen-Granulaten ersponnen werden, wobei ein erstes Polypropylen-Granulat einen Viskositätsbereich MFI von 16 bis 35 und das zweite Polypropylen-Granulat einen Viskositätsbereich MFI aufweist, welcher 8 bis 10 Punkte unter dem Viskositätsbereich MFI des ersten Polypropylen-Granulats liegt.
Alternativ ist es vorgesehen, daß die Fasern aus zwei unterschiedlichen Polyolefinen oder aus einem Polyolefin und aus PET ersponnen werden.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung, der Beschreibung und der Patentansprüche näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine Windel mit einem nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Acquisitionlayer,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch eine Bikomponentenfaser des Side-by-Side-Typs,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch eine Bikomponentenfaser mit exzentrischem Kern, und
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch eine segmentierte Hohl-Bikomponentenfaser.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Anwendungsbeispiel in Form einer Windel 10 für den Einsatz eines aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hervorgegangenen Spinnvlieses 12 dargestellt. Zur Herstellung des Spinnvlieses 12 wird zunächst eine in Fig. 2 dargestellte Hohlfaser 22 des Side-by-Side-Typs mit an sich bekannten Vorrichtungen ersponnen. Die Hohlfaser 22 des Side-by-Side-Typs besteht aus zwei Zylindermantelhälften 24 und 26 aus plastischen Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften. So besteht die Zylindermantelhälfte 24 aus Polypropylen des Viskositätsbereichs MFI 16 bis 35, wohingegen die Zylindermantelhälfte 26 aus einem Polypropylen besteht, dessen Viskositätsbereich MFI um 8 bis 10 Punkte unter dem Viskositätsbereich MFI des Polypropylens der Zylindermantelhälfte 24 liegt.
Eine Vielzahl derartig gewonnener Hohlfasern 22 wird nun derart abgezogen, daß während der.Verstreckung noch keine Kräuselung auftritt. Anschließend werden die Hohlfasern 22 mit an sich bekannten Vorrichtungen auf einem Siebband abgelegt und thermobondiert. In einem anschließenden Schritt wird das nach dem Thermobondieren entstandene Spinnvlies 12 in einer aus der Folienherstellung bekannten Vorrichtung sowohl in Maschinen- als auch in Querrichtung gestreckt. Während dieses Streckprozesses und dem anschließendem Entspannen findet in den einzelnen Hohlfasern 22 aufgrund unterschiedlicher Dehnungseigenschaften der Zylindermantelhälften 24 und 26 eine Kräuselung und somit ein Aufbauschen des Vlieses 12 statt. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist hierbei eine gleichzeitig stattfindende thermische Behandlung.
Das derart gewonnene Vlies 12 kann nun in der Windel 10, über einen Kern 14 plaziert, als Acquisitionlayer 16 verwendet werden. Dieser Acquisitionlayer 16 dient dazu, eine räumliche Trennung zwischen dem die Körperflüssigkeit aufnehmenden Kern 14 und dem am Organismus anliegenden Coverstock 20 zu ermöglichen. Das heißt, der Acquisitionlayer 16 dient dazu, zu verhindern, daß im Kern 14 angesammelte Flüssigkeit erneut in Kontakt mit der Körperoberfläche eines zu behandelnden Organismus gelangen kann, da der Coverstock 20 in der Regel so porös gehalten werden muß, daß es nicht möglich ist, ihn als semipermeables Gebilde auszulegen. Ein Austreten von im Kern 14 gespeicherter Flüssigkeit wird schließlich durch eine Folie 18, welche mit dem Coverstock 20 verbunden ist, verhindert.
Als Material des Coverstocks 20 kann ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Spinnvlies verwendet werden, zu dessen Herstellung in Fig. 3 dargestellte Bikomponentenfasern 28 mit einem Mantel 30 und einem exzentrischen Kern 32 verwendet werden. Ein mit derartigen Fasern 28 hergestelltes Spinnvlies eignet sich zur Verwendung als Coverstock 20, da es dann einen sehr weichen Griff aufweist und hautfreundlich ist.
Soll aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein Spinnvlies hervorgehen, das eine gute Wasserdichtigkeit aufweist, werden zur Herstellung dieses Vlieses in Fig. 4 dargestellte Fasern 34 verwendet. Der Querschnitt dieser in Fig. 4 dargestellten Faser 34 besteht aus einzelnen Segmenten 36 und 38, wobei benachbarte Segmente 36, 38 aus unterschiedlichen Rohstoffen bestehen, beispielsweise aus Polypropylen mit unterschiedlichen Viskositätsbereichen MFI, aus Polyolefinen wie PP und PE in den verschiedenen Phasen oder aus einer Kombination von PET mit einem Polyolefin. Beim Strecken der Faser 34 kommt es zu einem Fibrillieren, d. h., die Faser 34 spleisst sich entlang der Stoßflächen der Segmente 36, 38 auf. Durch dieses Fibrillieren der Faser 34 wird eine deutlich geringere Porösität bei gleichem Flächengewicht des Vlieses erreicht, welches sich in einer höheren Wasserdichtigkeit des Vlieses niederschlägt. Hierdurch wird es möglich, daß ein derart hergestelltes Vlies auch als Abdeckmaterial für die Windel 10 oder für ein ähnliches Hygieneprodukt verwendet werden kann.

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten gekräuselten Bikomponentenfasern, wobei die Bikomponentenfasern jeweils aus zwei plastischen Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften bestehen, bei dem
    in einem ersten Schritt die aus den zwei plastischen Materialien ersponnenen Fasern (22; 28; 34) ungekräuselt abgezogen und verstreckt werden,
    in einem zweiten Schritt die Fasern (22; 28; 34) auf einem Siebband abgelegt und thermobondiert werden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    in einem dritten Schritt die Bikomponentenfasern des gewonnenen Vlieses durch Längs- und/oder Querstreckung und thermische Behandlung gekräuselt werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren mit Bikomponentenfasern (22) des Side-by-Side-Typs durchgeführt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren mit Bikomponentenfasern (28) mit exzentrischem Kern (32) durchgeführt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren mit segmentierten Hohl-Bikomponentenfasern (34) durchgeführt wird, wobei benachbarte Segmente (36, 38) jeder Faser (34) aus unterschiedlichen Materialien bestehen.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern (34) des Vlieses durch Längs- und/oder Querstrekkung und thermische Behandlung gekräuselt und fibrilliert werden.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern (22; 28; 34) aus zwei Polypropylen-Granulaten ersponnen werden, wobei ein erstes Polypropylen-Granulat einen Viskositätsbereich MFI von 16 bis 35 und das zweite Propylen-Granulat einen Viskositätsbereich MFI aufweist, welcher 8 bis 10 Punkte unter dem Viskositätsbereich MFI des ersten Polypropylen-Granulats liegt.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern (22; 28; 34) aus zwei unterschiedlichen Polyolefinen ersponnen werden.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern (22; 28; 34) aus einem Polyolefin und aus PET ersponnen werden.
EP98947325A 1997-08-01 1998-07-21 Verfahren zur herstellung eines spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten, gekräuselten bikomponentenfasern Expired - Lifetime EP0929708B1 (de)

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DE19733493A DE19733493C2 (de) 1997-08-01 1997-08-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten gekräuselten Bikomponentenfasern
DE19733493 1997-08-01
PCT/DE1998/002083 WO1999006621A1 (de) 1997-08-01 1998-07-21 Verfahren zur herstellung eines spinnvlieses aus thermobondierten gekräuselten bikomponentenfasern

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US6632313B2 (en) 2003-10-14
US20020100541A1 (en) 2002-08-01
EP0929708A1 (de) 1999-07-21
DE19733493A1 (de) 1999-02-04
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