EP0927445B1 - Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central - Google Patents

Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0927445B1
EP0927445B1 EP97934404A EP97934404A EP0927445B1 EP 0927445 B1 EP0927445 B1 EP 0927445B1 EP 97934404 A EP97934404 A EP 97934404A EP 97934404 A EP97934404 A EP 97934404A EP 0927445 B1 EP0927445 B1 EP 0927445B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical fibre
electrical apparatus
shell
electrical
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97934404A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0927445A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Oehlschlaeger
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ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
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ABB Schweiz Holding AG
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Application filed by ABB Schweiz Holding AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz Holding AG
Priority to SI9730367T priority Critical patent/SI0927445T1/xx
Publication of EP0927445A1 publication Critical patent/EP0927445A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0927445B1 publication Critical patent/EP0927445B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electrical apparatus according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • the operating state of the apparatus is often connected to an optical fiber if necessary, several kilometers from the machine in a control room horizontal evaluation device and checked there.
  • a surge arrester described in this prior art contains a holding part in thermal contact with a body of the surge arrester made of a memory alloy and a spring-loaded one mounted on the holding part Actuating rod and one connected to a measuring device Optical fiber.
  • the body of the surge arrester heats up impermissibly high temperatures, the holding part is deformed and gives the Operating rod free.
  • the actuating rod interrupts the optical fiber, which indicates at the location of the measuring device that the surge arrester works incorrectly.
  • a medium or high voltage switching device described in EP-0 338 374 A2 has a variety of sensors based on what information is important about a switching device record the relevant physical quantities and send them to an optical fiber direct central evaluation device. Such information concerns, for example the continuous measurement of the size and voltage of the in the switching device conducted current or the density, pressure and temperature of an im Switching device of existing extinguishing gas. This information can also Position or the speed of those that can be brought into or out of engagement with one another Switch contacts or a break for the movement of the switch contacts required drive linkage include. For this purpose, sensors are preferred Position indicators, such as reflection light barriers or inductive proximity switches, intended.
  • the information supplied to the central evaluation device is used for one Self-diagnosis of the switching device and allow in addition to constant control of the operating status also early detection of irregularities of the Switching device.
  • DE-195 06 307 A1 describes a device for displaying the faulty state described a surge arrester.
  • This device has one Switching element on which, when a fault current occurs, the two parts of a two-part metal housing carrying a display element Visualization of the display element and the formation of a fault current accepting galvanic connection moves against each other.
  • This device can only on site in a plant, but not from one central evaluation device can be monitored.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve this to create an electrical apparatus of the type mentioned at the beginning, which not only expresses a faulty state which is expressed in a fault current reports to a central evaluation device, but rather this fault current switches off at the same time and then identified in a simple and safe manner, can be removed and replaced.
  • the electrical apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the The fault current has already been reported in the central evaluation device interrupted and the defective apparatus by forming an optical Display element is marked. The faulty apparatus can then go on site be identified quickly. Because the optical fiber can be plugged into this device connected, the apparatus can be removed quickly and by an error-free one Apparatus to be replaced.
  • the electrical apparatus according to the invention in Cable run of the optical waveguide in series with at least one other a portion of the optical fiber as a sensor-containing electrical apparatus connected. It can then be identified with only one optical fiber in the control room become faulty in a group of electrical apparatuses is working. Is the moving part of each of the electrical devices with one Display element equipped, so it can be easily determined on site which one Device from the group of devices is malfunctioning.
  • These are preferably electrical apparatus one phase of a multi-phase power network assigned, d. H. locally closely adjacent in a plant or in a field arranged.
  • Such a system for displaying the state of an electrical Devices in a control room located away from the device can also be used Realize extremely simple means, can easily in retrospect existing high or medium voltage systems or fields are installed and is also characterized by great reliability.
  • TR denotes a transformer which feeds high voltage into a three-phase high-voltage line having three conductors R, S, T.
  • One of three surge arresters A R , A S , A T is suspended from each of the three phase conductors R, S, T.
  • the surge arresters are each electrically connected to one of the phase conductors R, S, T by one of two power connections and are each fastened to a grounded holder G designed as a scaffold using a support insulator I.
  • the second of the two current connections of each of the surge arresters A R , A S , A T is electrically connected to the grounded holder G via a grounding cable E.
  • An optical waveguide L is guided by a central evaluation device AW through the surge arrester A T A S and pass to the surge arrester A R.
  • the evaluation device AW is housed in a control room typically up to several kilometers away from the surge arresters and contains a light source LQ, for example a laser diode, which continuously feeds a light signal into the optical waveguide L during operation of the surge arresters, and a light signal which detects the fed-in light signal after passing through the surge arresters Receiver FW, for example a photo resistor.
  • the receiver acts on a warning element containing, for example, a green and a red control lamp KG and KR.
  • the optical waveguide L can be in the form of a loop, one end with the light source LQ and the other end is in active connection with the receiver FW.
  • the conductor L can but also in the form of a stub, one of which End is in operative connection with the light source LQ, and their other end is finished with a reflector.
  • Each of the surge arresters contains a sensor designed as a section LA of the optical waveguide L.
  • This sensor is in each case part of a device 3 provided in each of the surge arresters, with which a faulty state of the associated surge arrester, for example a fault current flowing through the surge arrester, can be made optically visible on site.
  • the surge arrester A R which is furthest away in the series connection of the surge arresters from the central evaluation device AW can contain a reflection light barrier fed by the light source LQ via the optical waveguide L and fed via the optical waveguide L into the receiver FW instead of an optical waveguide section LA.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 show two embodiments of the display device 3.
  • the embodiment of the display device 3 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is usually provided in all three surge arresters. It has a potential-carrying part 2 which is electrically conductively connected to an earthable power connection of the surge arrester A R , A S , A T.
  • the display device 3 also contains a two-part metal housing 4 made of a material that conducts electricity well, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which is fastened to a switching element 5 of the display device 3.
  • the switching element 5 comprises a cylinder-symmetrical, gas-tight formed insulating material housing 6 made of a brittle material, such as a highly filled polymer based on an epoxy, and two cylindrically symmetrical, led into the insulating material housing and in each case at one of the ends of the insulating material housing 6 held electrodes 7, 8.
  • the two electrodes 7, 8 are standing one above the other on the axis of the insulating material housing 6 arranged and form at mutually facing free ends, of which the electrode 7 is designed as a tip Isolierstoffgepuruse 6 spark gap 9.
  • the each other facing end sections of the electrodes 7, 8 are connected to the power connections one connected in parallel to the spark gap 9 and preferably designed as a fuse or PTC thermistor Resistor 10 connected.
  • the resistor 10 is dimensioned in such a way that it is still held by the surge arrester 1 High current surge value, for example of 100 kA 4/10 ⁇ s can, and that when loaded above a predetermined Period, for example 0.1 ms, with one above one predetermined limit value, for example 20 A, its electrical conductivity, such as by melting or through a PTC transition, suddenly reduced.
  • a predetermined Period for example 0.1 ms
  • one above one predetermined limit value for example 20 A
  • its electrical conductivity such as by melting or through a PTC transition
  • the metal housing 4 is of two different diameters having shells 12, 13 formed, each with their bottoms are held at opposite ends of the switching element 5.
  • the shell 12 having the larger diameter takes the the smaller diameter shell 13.
  • the shell 12 has an opening in its bottom through which a galvanic part 2 of the surge arrester connected and an external thread connection of the Electrode 7 is guided.
  • the shell 12 is not by means of a designated nut firmly with the upper end of the switching element 5 connected.
  • the shell 12 carries at least one ins Contact element 14 directed inside the shell, which is ring-shaped is formed and has an inner cone.
  • This contact element 14 is provided with an internal thread, which with a External thread of the shell 12 cooperates.
  • the Shell 12 blow-out openings 15 for compressed gas. These blowouts can be restrained with a solid part inside the case Provide filters and be designed so that escaping compressed gas is guided in a predetermined direction.
  • the shell 13 also has an opening in its bottom, through which an external thread has an earth potential laid connection of the electrode 8 is guided.
  • the shell 13 is by means of an unspecified nut firmly with the lower end of the switching element 5 connected.
  • the shell 13 carries on her from the shell 12 covered outside, for example as Color coating formed display element 16.
  • the shell 13 is flared like a cone and is in the area of the shell edge on the outside as an electrical contact element 17 formed which on the inner cone of the annular contact element 14 is adjusted.
  • the inside of the metal case 4 is by one from the bottom of the shell 13 to the edge of the shell 12 guided cover 18 completed.
  • the optical waveguide L is with its section LA inside of the metal housing 4 out.
  • the shell 12 two diametrically arranged bushings for the optical waveguide section LA on which the optical waveguide section LA, to the shell 13 provided inside the metal housing to lead.
  • In the shell 13 are two through openings for the Optical fiber section LA provided.
  • On the outside of the Shell 12 are two connecting parts of two fiber optic connectors 19, 20 attached.
  • the optical fiber section LA becomes practically straight forward from the fiber optic connectors 19 through the shells 12 and 13 inside the Led metal housing 4, covers half the circumference of the Isolierstoffgeophuse 6 on the shortest route and will be practically again straight through the shells 13 and 12 to the fiber optic connector 20 led.
  • a continuously emitted in the evaluation AW of the control room by the light source LQ signal is first passed through a cooperating part of the optical waveguide L to the surge arrester A T, passes through the optical fiber connector 19, the optical waveguide section LA, the optical fiber connector 20 and the thereto connecting part of the optical waveguide L to the surge arrester A S , from there in a corresponding manner to the surge arrester A R and via an adjoining part of the optical waveguide L guided as a loop to the receiver FW of the evaluation device AW.
  • the surge arresters A R , A S , A T work correctly. This can be indicated, for example, by activating the green control lamp KG.
  • the pressurized gas that forms suddenly blows up the brittle insulating material housing 6 then drives the electrode 8 and the rigidly connected to it Shell 13 down to the state shown in Fig.3 Display device 3 is reached.
  • the compressed gas is through the Blow-out openings from the inside of the shells 12 and 13 enclosed metal housing 4 ejected.
  • resulting splinters are from Metal housing 4 retained in the interior of the housing.
  • the Optical waveguide section LA destroyed and the Light source LQ led light signal to the receiver FW interrupted. Instead of the green KG, the red one now lights up Control lamp KR lights up and signals in the control room that one of the three surge arresters is defective.
  • one of both ends of the section LA is connected to a connecting part of the plug connection 19.
  • the other end of LA is closed by a reflector 21.
  • the reflector 21 does not necessarily have to be attached to the shell 12, but can alternatively also be attached to a region of the outer surface of the shell 13 facing the plug connection 19.
  • the section LA can then be omitted and the reflector 21 is then part of a reflection light barrier.
  • Such a surge arrester is executed in the series circuit of three surge arrester A R, A S, A T away from the central evaluation device AW furthest surge A R.

Landscapes

  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Appareillage électrique, notamment parasurtenseur (AR, AS, AT), comprenant une portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) faisant office de capteur pour détecter la position d'une partie mobile de l'appareillage et comprenant des moyens de raccordement pour un câble à fibre optique (L) pour la transmission d'un signal délivré par la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) en cas de changement de position de la partie mobile à un dispositif d'analyse central (AW), avec lequel la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) est maintenue de manière à ce qu'elle soit détruite après un changement de position de la partie mobile, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de raccordement comprennent un premier connecteur pour câble à fibre optique (19, 20), que la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) est acheminée à un dispositif de signalisation visuelle (3) relié électriquement à une partie pouvant être mise à la terre de l'appareillage électrique, que le dispositif de signalisation (3) présente un boítier métallique en deux parties portant un élément de signalisation visuelle (16) et renfermant un élément de commutation (5) et qu'une première partie mobile du boítier métallique (4) portant l'élément de signalisation (16) agit conjointement avec la deuxième partie du boítier métallique (4) en cas d'apparition d'un courant de défaut passant à travers l'appareillage en faisant apparaítre l'élément de signalisation (16) et en formant une liaison galvanique prenant en charge le courant de défaut.
  2. Appareillage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'une des deux extrémités de la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) est raccordée à un élément de liaison du premier connecteur pour câble à fibre optique (19) et l'autre extrémité est raccordée à un élément de liaison d'un deuxième connecteur pour câble à fibre optique (20) ou à un réflecteur (21).
  3. Appareillage électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de liaison du premier et/ou du deuxième connecteur pour câble à fibre optique (19, 20) et/ou le réflecteur (21) raccordé à la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) est fixé à l'appareillage électrique.
  4. Appareillage électrique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le boítier métallique (4) est formé de deux coques (12, 13) de diamètres différents, les fonds des deux coques (12, 13) étant chacun maintenus aux extrémités opposées d'un boítier en matériau isolant de l'élément de commutation (5) et la première coque (12) présentant le diamètre le plus grand reçoit une deuxième coque (13) présentant le diamètre le plus petit et portant l'élément de signalisation (16) sur son côté extérieur.
  5. Appareillage électrique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième coque (13) est réalisée en forme de cône et que la première coque (12) porte sur son bord au moins un élément de contact (14) dirigé vers l'intérieur de la coque, lequel entre en contact avec l'élargissement conique de la deuxième coque (13) en formant la liaison galvanique en cas de déplacement des deux coques (12, 13).
  6. Appareillage électrique selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un éclateur (9) relié électriquement à une partie conductrice d'électricité (2) de l'appareillage et une charge de matière explosive (11) sont prévus dans le boítier en matériau isolant (6) de l'élément de commutation (5).
  7. Appareillage électrique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une résistance ohmique (10) est branchée en parallèle avec l'éclateur (9).
  8. Appareillage électrique selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) est acheminée à travers la première coque (12) vers la deuxième coque (13) prévue à l'intérieur du boítier métallique (4).
  9. Système pour signaler l'état de l'appareillage électrique (AR, AS, AT) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 avec le dispositif d'analyse central (AW) et avec le câble à fibre optique (L), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'analyse central (AW) présente une source de lumière (LQ) injectant continuellement un signal lumineux dans le câble à fibre optique (L) lors du fonctionnement de l'appareillage électrique ainsi qu'un récepteur (FW) qui détecte le signal lumineux injecté après son passage à travers la portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) maintenue sur l'appareillage électrique.
  10. Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (L) est réalisé en forme de boucle dont l'une des extrémités est en liaison active avec la source de lumière (LQ) et l'autre extrémité avec le récepteur (FW).
  11. Système selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le câble à fibre optique (LQ) est réalisé en forme de câble de jonction dont l'une des extrémités est en liaison active avec la source de lumière (LQ) et l'autre extrémité se termine par un réflecteur (21).
  12. Système selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un appareillage électrique supplémentaire (AS, AR) comportant une portion supplémentaire (LA) du câble à fibre optique (L) est branché dans la continuité du câble à fibre optique (L) en série avec l'appareillage électrique (AT).
  13. Système selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'appareillage électrique (AR) le plus éloigné du dispositif d'analyse central (AW) dans le circuit série composé des appareillages électriques (AR, AS, AT) contient à la place d'une portion de câble à fibre optique (LA) une barrière photoélectrique à réflexion alimentée par la source de lumière (LQ) par le biais du câble à fibre optique (L) et renvoyant la lumière vers le récepteur (FW) par le biais du câble à fibre optique (L).
  14. Système selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que les appareillages électriques (AR, AS, AT) sont chacun associés à une phase (R, S, T) d'un réseau électrique à plusieurs phases.
  15. Système selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que chacun des appareillages électriques est accroché par une borne à haute tension à un câble conducteur du réseau à plusieurs phases et fixé à un support mis à la terre (G) à l'aide d'un isolateur support (I).
EP97934404A 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central Expired - Lifetime EP0927445B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9730367T SI0927445T1 (en) 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Electrical apparatus, particularly a surge arrester and a display system for the state of the apparatus in a central evaluation device

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19637984 1996-09-18
DE19637984A DE19637984A1 (de) 1996-09-18 1996-09-18 Elektrischer Apparat, insbesondere Überspannungsableiter und System zur Anzeige des Zustands dieses Apparats in einer zentralen Auswertevorrichtung
PCT/CH1997/000305 WO1998012780A1 (fr) 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0927445A1 EP0927445A1 (fr) 1999-07-07
EP0927445B1 true EP0927445B1 (fr) 2002-05-15

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EP97934404A Expired - Lifetime EP0927445B1 (fr) 1996-09-18 1997-08-21 Appareil electrique, notamment dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, et systeme d'affichage de l'etat de cet appareil dans un dispositif d'evaluation central

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0927445B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3764497A (fr)
DE (2) DE19637984A1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP970492B1 (fr)
TW (1) TW357476B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998012780A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA977464B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004002582A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Siemens Ag Optisch gezündete Funkenstrecke

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010038208A1 (de) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzvorrichtung
LU93206B1 (en) * 2016-09-13 2018-03-16 Abb Schweiz Ag Protection of a surge arrester with a better protection against failure from thermal overload in case of a temporary overvoltage in an electrical grid line
US11411386B2 (en) 2019-04-29 2022-08-09 Hubbell Incorporated Disconnector device and overvoltage protection assembly including the same

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CH615784A5 (en) * 1977-07-14 1980-02-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Monitoring arrangement on an overvoltage arrester containing at least one spark gap
DE3305234C2 (de) * 1983-02-16 1986-02-27 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Zugfester Draht aus einer faserverstärkten Harzstruktur mit mindestens einem darin eingeschlossenen Lichtwellenleiter
DE3524101A1 (de) * 1985-07-05 1987-01-08 Battelle Institut E V Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen rberwachung des verschleisszustandes von materialien
JPH01136305A (ja) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 劣化監視装置
JPH01215002A (ja) * 1988-02-24 1989-08-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 避雷器劣化監視装置
DE3812734A1 (de) * 1988-04-16 1989-10-26 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren und einrichtung zur steuerung einer antriebseinrichtung eines mittel- oder hochspannungsschaltgeraetes
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004002582A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Siemens Ag Optisch gezündete Funkenstrecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRP970492B1 (en) 2003-10-31
WO1998012780A1 (fr) 1998-03-26
ZA977464B (en) 1998-02-19
AU3764497A (en) 1998-04-14
DE59707297D1 (de) 2002-06-20
EP0927445A1 (fr) 1999-07-07
TW357476B (en) 1999-05-01
HRP970492A2 (en) 1998-06-30
DE19637984A1 (de) 1998-03-19

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