EP0922857A1 - Ionisationssensor im Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Ionisationssensor im Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0922857A1
EP0922857A1 EP98403127A EP98403127A EP0922857A1 EP 0922857 A1 EP0922857 A1 EP 0922857A1 EP 98403127 A EP98403127 A EP 98403127A EP 98403127 A EP98403127 A EP 98403127A EP 0922857 A1 EP0922857 A1 EP 0922857A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ionization current
module
coil
spark
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98403127A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0922857B1 (de
Inventor
Mirela Agache-Durand
André AGNERAY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP0922857A1 publication Critical patent/EP0922857A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0922857B1 publication Critical patent/EP0922857B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ionization sensor, in an electronically controlled ignition system an internal combustion engine, especially for motor vehicle. Performing a current measurement ionization of combustion gases in cylinders of the motor, this sensor allows the detection of knocking, misfires and the coding of the cylinders.
  • a current solution to know the quality of combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders consists in measuring the ionization current of the gases in the cylinders, by means of spark plugs, after the spark between the electrodes of each candle.
  • the invention aims to solve these drawbacks by proposing a sensor for measuring the ionization current, ensuring the polarization of the candle by the use direct battery voltage or resetting conduction of the coil after the end of the spark, and amplification of the measurement current by use of a transistor at the foot of the secondary circuit of the coil.
  • FIG. 1 an ionization current sensor of a spark plug 1 assigned to an engine cylinder, the ignition of which is controlled by an electronic computer.
  • the ignition system comprises an ignition coil 2, the primary winding L p of which is connected on one side to the positive voltage V bat of the vehicle supply battery, equal to 12 volts, and of the on the other hand to an ignition control module 3, composed of a transistor T 1 and a Zener diode Z 1 , which delivers voltage slots.
  • the high voltage part of the secondary winding L s of the coil is connected to an electrode of the spark plug 1 and the low voltage part of this winding is connected to a circuit for measuring the ionization current.
  • Module 4 consists of means for polarizing the central electrode of the spark plug at the end of the spark, with a positive voltage on its central electrode, in order to measure the ionization current.
  • it consists of a Zener diode Z p , with a voltage close to 100 Volts for example, and with a polarization capacity C p , of the order of 10 nanoFarads for example, in parallel on the diode.
  • Z p Zener diode
  • C p polarization capacity
  • a module 5 for amplifying the ionization current produced from a transistor T a of PNP type and a diode D a between the base and the emitter of the transistor, supplied by the voltage of the battery V beats , and which must respond to the thermal stresses inside the coil.
  • the arc current flows in the diode D a and the transistor T a is blocked.
  • the ionization current being of opposite sign to the arc current, it will thus be amplified by the transistor T a and sent to a resistor R s , composing a module 6 for converting the current of ionization I s at output voltage V s .
  • This module 6 constitutes the circuit for receiving the amplified ionization current I s . It is located outside the coil 1 and can be integrated into the electronic computer or any other electronic circuit exploiting the ionization current.
  • Figure 2 is the dual figure of Figure 1, i.e. that the transistor is of the NPN type and that all electronic components are placed in opposite directions reverse so that all polarities and currents are reversed.
  • the advantages of this first alternative embodiment are the low sensitivity to noise since the ionization current is amplified at the foot of the coil, the very high amplification factor obtained by the transistor T a and the voltage output of the signal. ionization in usual values of the signals.
  • Figure 3 is a second alternative embodiment of a sensor according to the invention, the 5 amplification module 5 differs from the previous version of the module and controls the amplification factor independently of the characteristics of the transistor and temperature.
  • the other modules 3, 4 and 6 are identical to those of the first variant.
  • This amplification module 5 is controlled gain comprises a transistor T and a diode D a, protecting the transistor of the reverse current for the spark of the spark plug and connected in parallel with a second diode D 'is identical to D , connected to a resistor R b in the base-collector circuit of the transistor.
  • the diode D has allows temperature compensation of the base-emitter voltage for a more finely adjusted gain.
  • FIG. 4 represents a third alternative embodiment for which the polarization of the spark plug is no longer carried out by a conventional module 4, but it is ensured by the supply voltage V bat of the vehicle battery.
  • This variant includes a module for amplifying the ionization current 5 as in FIG. 1, or preferably 5 a as in FIG. 2 when there is no polarization.
  • the polarization voltage of the central electrode of the spark plug can be increased, by restoring the primary circuit L p of the coil 2.
  • This method also has the advantage of reducing the coil oscillations at the end of the spark and by therefore increase the signal time range exploitable ionization.
  • FIGS. 5 a to 5 d including the timing diagrams of the signals for controlling and measuring the ionization current for the polarization of the central electrode of the spark plug 1, by re-conduction of the primary winding L p of the coil 2 .
  • the signal S 1 shown in FIG. 5 a , is the command signal from the coil applied at the input of the command module 3.
  • the first slot C 1 is the coil loading slot which triggers the production of a spark on its falling edge f 1 .
  • the second slot C 2 triggered at the end of the spark, is intended for the polarization of the spark plug with a view to measuring the ionization current I s by restoring the primary winding L p .
  • the width of this second slot cannot exceed the maximum duration of charge of the coil and constitutes the duration of measurement of the ionization current.
  • the signal S 2 is the voltage on the central electrode of the spark plug, measured relative to the ground, constituted for example by the base of the spark plug.
  • the coil loads and the voltage S 2 reaches a positive value V pol .
  • the current is suddenly interrupted in the primary winding L p of the coil, causing a large amplified overvoltage in the secondary winding L s , whose voltage S 2 has a peak P 1 negative. This peak reflects a sudden drop in its value which causes a breakdown at the spark plug electrodes and the appearance of a spark.
  • the coil discharges.
  • V pol i.e. the product of the voltage of the battery V beats by the transformation ratio N of the coil, and allows the creation of the ionization current.
  • the second residual spark caused by a peak p 2 of the voltage S 2 , during the falling edge f 2 of the second slot, must not take place in the fuel intake phase of the cylinder, of the following cycle. This is why it is necessary to calculate the duration of this second control slot C 2 in order to prevent such an event, whatever the engine speed.
  • FIG. 5 c represents the signal I s , which is the ionization current measured at the output of the sensor according to the invention.
  • the current I s presents parasitic pulses I 1 , I 2 and I 3 due to the capacitive effects.
  • the current I s has damping oscillations ⁇ a of the coil, followed by the really exploitable ionization signal C io .
  • the second spark may cause late combustion intended for protect the catalytic converter by improving combustion unburned gases at the first spark. She permits thus increasing the life of the catalytic converter by misfires.
  • FIG. 5 d is the timing diagram of an example of an ionization current detected with the sensor according to the invention, when the spark plug is dirty.
  • the signal between the two instants t 1 and t 2 corresponding to the first slot C 1 for controlling the coil, has a level P instead of the two parasitic pulses I 1 and I 2 .
  • This bearing is a sign of fouling of the spark plug.
  • the ionization sensor according to the invention makes it possible to detect combustion anomalies, by measuring the ionization current in the cylinder in compression after the spark, and to know the type of anomalies, for example misfires corresponding to a lack of combustion which can damage the pot catalytic or rattling damage to the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
EP19980403127 1997-12-12 1998-12-11 Ionisationssensor im Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0922857B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9715803 1997-12-12
FR9715803A FR2772434B1 (fr) 1997-12-12 1997-12-12 Capteur d'ionisation dans un systeme d'allumage d'un moteur a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0922857A1 true EP0922857A1 (de) 1999-06-16
EP0922857B1 EP0922857B1 (de) 2003-04-16

Family

ID=9514560

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19980403127 Expired - Lifetime EP0922857B1 (de) 1997-12-12 1998-12-11 Ionisationssensor im Zündsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0922857B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69813475T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2772434B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2396187A (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-06-16 Visteon Global Tech Inc I.c. engine in-cylinder ionization detection system with ionization detection circuit and ignition coil driver circuit integrated into a single package
DE10028105B4 (de) * 1999-06-09 2004-06-24 Delphi Technologies, Inc., Troy Fehlzündungsdetektionssystem mittels Ionenmessung bei einer Schließvorspannung
DE19953710B4 (de) * 1999-11-08 2010-06-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Meßfenster-Positionierung für die Ionenstrommessung
IT201900013755A1 (it) * 2019-08-01 2021-02-01 Eldor Corp Spa Metodo di monitoraggio di una condizione di imbrattamento di una candela di accensione per un motore a combustione, metodo e sistema di controllo di una bobina di accensione in un motore a combustione interna

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2675206A1 (fr) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-16 Siemens Automotive Sa Procede et dispositif de detection d'un rate d'allumage dans un moteur a combustion interne et leurs applications.
US5457757A (en) * 1992-07-13 1995-10-10 Kidder; John S. Optical control panel
JPH07286552A (ja) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-31 Hitachi Ltd 内燃機関の失火検出装置
DE19524541C1 (de) * 1995-07-05 1996-12-05 Telefunken Microelectron Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung im Verbrennungsraum einer Brennkraftmaschine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2675206A1 (fr) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-16 Siemens Automotive Sa Procede et dispositif de detection d'un rate d'allumage dans un moteur a combustion interne et leurs applications.
US5457757A (en) * 1992-07-13 1995-10-10 Kidder; John S. Optical control panel
JPH07286552A (ja) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-31 Hitachi Ltd 内燃機関の失火検出装置
DE19524541C1 (de) * 1995-07-05 1996-12-05 Telefunken Microelectron Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung im Verbrennungsraum einer Brennkraftmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 096, no. 002 29 February 1996 (1996-02-29) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10028105B4 (de) * 1999-06-09 2004-06-24 Delphi Technologies, Inc., Troy Fehlzündungsdetektionssystem mittels Ionenmessung bei einer Schließvorspannung
DE19953710B4 (de) * 1999-11-08 2010-06-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Meßfenster-Positionierung für die Ionenstrommessung
GB2396187A (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-06-16 Visteon Global Tech Inc I.c. engine in-cylinder ionization detection system with ionization detection circuit and ignition coil driver circuit integrated into a single package
GB2396187B (en) * 2002-11-01 2005-03-23 Visteon Global Tech Inc A device for reducing the part count and package size of an in-cylinder ionization detection system
US7063079B2 (en) 2002-11-01 2006-06-20 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Device for reducing the part count and package size of an in-cylinder ionization detection system by integrating the ionization detection circuit and ignition coil driver into a single package
IT201900013755A1 (it) * 2019-08-01 2021-02-01 Eldor Corp Spa Metodo di monitoraggio di una condizione di imbrattamento di una candela di accensione per un motore a combustione, metodo e sistema di controllo di una bobina di accensione in un motore a combustione interna
WO2021019484A1 (en) * 2019-08-01 2021-02-04 Eldor Corporation S.P.A. Electronic device and control system of an ignition coil in an internal combustion engine
CN115968425A (zh) * 2019-08-01 2023-04-14 艾尔多股份有限公司 内燃机中的点火线圈的电子设备及控制系统
US11739722B2 (en) 2019-08-01 2023-08-29 Eldor Corporation S.P.A. Electronic device and control system of an ignition coil in an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69813475D1 (de) 2003-05-22
EP0922857B1 (de) 2003-04-16
DE69813475T2 (de) 2004-02-12
FR2772434A1 (fr) 1999-06-18
FR2772434B1 (fr) 2000-02-18

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