EP0654604B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Spulenzündung mit zusätzlichen Entladungen zur Diagnose - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Spulenzündung mit zusätzlichen Entladungen zur Diagnose Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0654604B1
EP0654604B1 EP19940402617 EP94402617A EP0654604B1 EP 0654604 B1 EP0654604 B1 EP 0654604B1 EP 19940402617 EP19940402617 EP 19940402617 EP 94402617 A EP94402617 A EP 94402617A EP 0654604 B1 EP0654604 B1 EP 0654604B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
primary
current
spark
intensity
period
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EP19940402617
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0654604A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Boucly
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Marelli France SAS
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Magneti Marelli France SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/045—Layout of circuits for control of the dwell or anti dwell time
    • F02P3/0453—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • F02P3/0456—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices using digital techniques

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a method and a device electronic ignition, for internal combustion engine controlled ignition, in each engine cylinder, by at minus one spark plug in series with a secondary coil ignition, the primary of which is supplied with current electrical from an electrical source, such as the battery of a vehicle equipped with the engine, by a switch placed in a primary charging circuit, and itself controlled by a calculation and control unit, comprising advantageously a microcontroller.
  • the invention more specifically relates to a method and a device of the type mentioned above, allowing perform a diagnosis of the engine ignition, thanks to the calculation and control unit, or calculator, which manages the ignition function as well as possibly the function injection, when the engine is fitted with an installation fuel injection system, the calculation and command then being a calculator called "of engine control ".
  • the method and the device according to the invention are intended to be used not only on board vehicles, but also on recording equipment and service station.
  • the ignition diagnosis consists in giving information qualitative information relating to the sparks produced by the spark plugs in the combustion chambers of the engine. This information should make it possible to determine whether there is absence or presence of a spark, and, in the latter case, if the spark is correct.
  • An ignition device with ignition diagnosis of the second type mentioned above, was proposed by the Applicant in European patent application EP 559 540: on the one hand, it includes means for measuring the current of load, intended to provide, on an output, a signal in response to exceedances of a specified, lower value at the current needed to create the ignition voltage at secondary of the coil by breaking the primary current, and, on the other hand, means of transposing the tension primary, to form the image of the secondary voltage and provide, on said output, a signal when the voltage secondary becomes below a specified threshold indicating the end of the spark at the candle.
  • These means of transposition include, in series between the terminal of the primary not connected to the source and the ground, the emitter-collector junction a transistor and collector resistors and transmitter, so that the voltage across one of resistances be representative of the difference between the voltage across the primary and source voltage.
  • a first drawback of such a device is that it does not allow, in a simple way, to discriminate sparks from different cylinders, at high revs, due of a superposition between the transpositions of tensions secondary and primary charges. For example, in a inline four-cylinder four-stroke engine, load of cylinder # 3 coil primary can start while the spark at the spark plug of cylinder n ° 1 is not finished.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the aforementioned device known from EP 0 559 540, and propose a method and a device allowing a control the quality of the ignition by detecting whether the spark is neither too short nor too long, and if the spark is of sufficient quality for a sufficient period of time.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a method and device for further monitoring wear of the spark plug, or more generally degradation of the secondary circuit which comprises it in series with the secondary of the coil and a resistive interference suppression wire, for example integrated into the candle.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to propose a method allowing an implementation by a device many components of which may be common to all engine cylinders, and therefore in a single copy in a more economical and less bulky production device.
  • Another aim is to propose a method of ignition diagnosis also compatible with calculation and the primary charge time control, in the way already known, in particular from the aforementioned document EP 559 540, the method according to the invention being able to be implemented by a device which is structurally only slightly different known devices to perform this calculation and this primary charge time control.
  • the idea behind the invention is that an image of the quality of the spark to the candle is given by the dynamic impedance of this candle during the spark, and that the observation of the intensity of a current that we circulates in the coil primary, for spark allows analysis of the rate of increase for at least one diagnostic period, this speed increasing the intensity of the dependent primary current especially the dynamic impedance of the candle during the spark.
  • the quality of the spark is determined from the speed measurement increasing the intensity of the current flowing in the coil primary for at least one diagnostic time determined for the duration of the assumed spark.
  • Discrimination in the rate of increase of the intensity of the current in the primary during each duration can be ensured by comparison with minus a corresponding threshold, to deliver a signal presence of spark if this threshold is exceeded corresponding.
  • we measure the intensity of the current in primary for at least each diagnostic period we discriminate the rate of increase by comparing the maximum intensity measured during the duration of diagnosis corresponding to a corresponding intensity threshold, to issue a spark presence signal if the maximum intensity measured is greater than the intensity threshold.
  • the switch opening is fine ordered one or more times, at least once defined by the calculation and control unit.
  • the method of the invention consists to order at least two successive diagnostic durations between two successive charge durations, and to deduce therefrom, on the one hand, the presence of a spark if at least one presence signal is delivered in a first interval of predetermined time, following the end of the charging time earlier, and ending at the same time as the first diagnostic duration, and secondly, a duration minimum of a spark of sufficient quality in function the number of presence signals issued.
  • the method may further include deduce that the spark is too short if a second signal attendance is not issued in a second interval of predetermined time, greater than the first interval of time, also following the end of the charging time earlier, and ending at the same time as the second duration of the diagnosis.
  • the method of the invention is to also order a third diagnostic time between two successive charging times, and deduce that the spark plug is short-circuited if a third presence signal is issued before the end of a third predetermined time interval, also following the end of the previous charge duration, greater than first and, if applicable, the second time interval predetermined, and ending at the earliest at the same time as the third diagnostic duration.
  • the process can also consist of measuring the intensity maximum current in the primary for at least a diagnostic duration of the same rank after durations of successive loads, compare the measurements with each other and / or at least a maximum intensity threshold, and to deduce therefrom minus a signal testifying to the deterioration of the circuit secondary.
  • the switch is controlled, from a command output of the calculation and control unit, via an interface amplifier
  • the means for measuring the current in the primary include a shunt in series with the switch, between the latter and ground
  • the means detection systems include at least a first and a second comparator, each receiving the shunt signal on a input and comparing it to a prime and a respectively second intensity threshold, received on another input of the corresponding comparator, the output of each comparator being connected to a diagnostic input of the computing unit and control, the second intensity threshold being higher to the first, but less than the current required to create an ignition voltage by cutting the primary, for the calculation by said unit of primary charge times.
  • the calculation and control unit includes a second diagnostic input, connected to the shunt, and transmitting the current intensity measurement to a analog / digital converter, itself connected to means for storing and comparing a maximum value intensity, measured during a diagnostic period corresponding to a maximum intensity threshold and / or comparison of several values maximum intensity measured over several diagnostic durations, and means delivering a circuit degradation signal secondary.
  • the device ignition includes means for measuring the current in the primary, detection means, a calculation and control, and possibly an interface amplifier, which are common to all engine cylinders.
  • the system is intended for the ignition of a internal combustion engine combustion chamber, fitted with at least one spark plug 10, placed in series with the secondary 12 of an ignition coil 11.
  • Primary 13 of coil 11 is connected to a power source (battery of the vehicle in general), of voltage Vbat.
  • the primary 13 and secondary 12 have a common terminal connected to the collector of a bipolar transistor 14 of NPN type, of which the transmitter is connected to ground via a shunt resistor 15.
  • Shunt 15 is thus in series in the primary 13 charging circuit from the source Vbat, between the ground and the ignition transistor 14, serving switch or cut-off switch, capable of switch from the blocked state to the saturated state and vice versa, to control the primary current Ip, which flows through the primary 13 when transistor 14 is conductive in the state saturated.
  • This switch 14 is controlled at closing and at opening from a calculation and control unit 16, via an amplifier 17 serving interface between the base of transistor 14 and unit 16, which is an engine control computer, of the microcontroller type, comprising at least one microprocessor, and having at minus an output S giving control information to amplifier 17.
  • the shunt 15 is used to measure the primary current Ip, and supplies across its terminals a voltage representative of this current.
  • This information from shunt 15, and relating to the intensity of the primary current Ip is treated, in the form analog or in logical or digital form, by a threshold detector 18 connected to at least one input E of the computer 16, allowing to receive information from diagnosis on the presence and quality of a spark produced between the two spark plug electrodes 10 and generated by the secondary 12 of the ignition coil 11 by switching off the primary charge 13.
  • Figure 1 shows the device for a single spark plug 10 in a single cylinder, so as not to overload the figure but the means of measuring the primary current consisting of shunt 15, the calculation and control unit 16, the interface amplifier 17 and the detection means consisting of the threshold detector 18 are common to all candles 10 of all cylinders, to which they are connected by selection diodes (not shown) so known, and are therefore each provided in single copy in the circuit.
  • Curve (a) represents a timing diagram of the signal control of switch 14 applied to output S of the unit 16.
  • Curves (b) and (c) represent respectively the intensity of the primary current Ip and the secondary current Is as a function of time
  • curve (d) represents the signal applied by detector 18 to input E of unit 16.
  • unit 16 applies cyclically an output signal from time t0 of closing the switch 14 until the instant t1 of cut-off.
  • the primary current Ip gradually increases as shown on curve (b).
  • Ip In about 1 ⁇ s after the time of cutoff t1, Ip is canceled from its maximum value of the order of 6 A, sufficient for its cut to give the ignition voltage required across spark plug 10, and the secondary current Is very quickly takes its value maximum of the order of 60 mA, as shown on curve (c). From this maximum value, Is gradually decreases, while Ip is zero.
  • unit 16 applies a command to its output S of closing switch 14 for three durations of successive diagnoses, preferably of the same value, and spaced in time, t3-t2, t5-t4 and t7-t6.
  • the stream primary Ip gradually increases from the start t2, t4 or t6 of each diagnostic time to cancel quickly at the break in t3, t5 or t7 at the end of each duration diagnostic, as shown on curve (b).
  • the duration of the spark T t8-t1 is of the order of 1.5 ms, under conditions normal ignition, it corresponds to each pulse of a chosen positive sign of primary current Ip a impulse of a negative secondary current chosen sign Is, which is practically no longer sensitive outside the spark time T.
  • the impedance Z of the plug 10 is low (around 20 to 100 k ⁇ ). After the spark (after t8), the impedance Z is high (greater than 1 M ⁇ ).
  • the rate of increase of Ip is around 50 A / ms, while in the absence of spark, this rate of increase ⁇ 'is of the order of 2 A / ms.
  • This rate of increase of Ip corresponds to velocity gradients during diagnostic times, which are calibrated to a constant value of the order of 20 ⁇ s for example.
  • This rate of increase of Ip can therefore be expressed as the ratio of the maximum intensity of this current at the end of t3, t5 or t7 of each diagnostic time on said diagnostic duration, or more simply still, by the values of maximum intensity.
  • Strong gradients (50 A / ms) are discriminated from weak gradients (2 A / ms) by detector 18, comprising for example a threshold comparator.
  • the Io threshold can be calibrated to a constant and unique value for all diagnostic times, and be set for example at 1 A. Each times and as long as Ip is greater than Io, the detector 18 applies a signal to input E of unit 16 not zero, as shown in (d) in Figure 2.
  • the signals transmitted during t3-t'2 and t5-t'4 correspond to a primary current Ip> Io, during diagnostic times t3-t2 and t5-t4, which took place before the end of the spark in t8.
  • Ip a primary current
  • the signals received by input E of unit 16 at during diagnostic times such as t3-t2 and t5-t4 are therefore spark presence signals.
  • the specific diagnostic program implemented by the microprocessor of unit 16 allows, from spark presence signals from the detector 18, to determine that the spark was of sufficient quality during a time interval at least equal to t5-t1, in this example, therefore T ⁇ t5-t1, and the spark has most likely extinguished before t7, therefore T ⁇ t7-t1.
  • unit 16 does not receive of the detector spark signal signal 18, it delivers a spark fault diagnosis, meaning that the spark plug circuit 10 is probably open.
  • unit 16 If unit 16 receives a first presence signal during T1 (for example t3-t'2), but no second signal presence during a predetermined time interval T2, also starting in t1 and ending at the earliest in t5 (but not after t6), unit 16 considers that there has been a spark, but that it was not of a quality suitable for a sufficient time. Unit 16 delivers then a diagnosis of spark too short.
  • the unit 16 If the unit 16 receives two successive signals presence of spark during T2, including the first during T1, but no third presence signal for a third predetermined time interval T3, starting at t1 and ending at the earliest in t7, but not before the start (t0) of the next charging time, the unit 16 delivers a proper quality spark diagnosis during a sufficient time.
  • the unit 16 successively receives three spark presence signals during T3, it delivers a too long spark diagnosis, signifying that the spark plug 10 is probably short-circuited.
  • the detector 18 can, during the third duration of diagnosis t7-t6, compare the measured current Ip to a threshold a particular short circuit, for example less than 1 A.
  • the detector 18 can compare the intensity of the current measured, during each duration of diagnosis, at a threshold specific to each of the diagnostic durations, especially if these are not the same value.
  • the unit 16 can thus diagnose the presence or the absence of a suitable quality spark, and the duration of such a spark comprised, for example, between 0.4 ms and 2 ms.
  • the measurement of the spark time can be taken count by unit 16 to adjust the I2 value of the current primary Ip for which the cut is performed, in order to guarantee for example a sufficient spark duration for avoid unburned, such a duration for less than 0.4 ms indicating a high probability of open circuit, while that a spark duration greater than 2 ms indicating a high probability of short circuit, these two values defining a range of spark times that experience revealed as normal.
  • Amplifier 17 includes two transistors bipolar, including a 19 NPN type connected by its base to the output S of unit 16 via a resistor 21, while its transmitter is grounded and its collector connected by a resistor 22 to the base of the other transistor 20, of PNP type, the transmitter of which is put on the voltage of the source Vbat, and the collector connected by a resistor 23 to the base of the ignition transistor 14, which comprises, on its collector connected to primary 13, an integrated Zener diode (and not shown) in a known manner.
  • the detector 18 comprises an input RC filter 24-25, filtering primary current measurements across the shunt 15, and passing them to a negative input of a first threshold comparator 26, receiving on an input positive a voltage threshold corresponding to the intensity threshold Spark detection Io, and defined, from a logic voltage source Vcc (of + 5 V for example) by through a resistance bridge 27, 28 and 29.
  • comparator 26 is connected in parallel at the voltage source + Vcc through the resistor 30 and at the input of an inverter 31.
  • the output of the RC filter 24-25 is also connected in parallel to the positive input a second threshold comparator 32 receiving at its input negative another voltage threshold defined by the bridge resistors 27, 28 and 29 from the voltage source + Vcc.
  • the comparator output 32 is connected in parallel to the source + Vcc through of the resistor 30 and at the input of the inverter 31, in being isolated from the mass by the capacity 33. All of the two comparators 26 and 32 constitute an OR circuit, which attacks the diagnostic input E of unit 16 via of the inverter 40.
  • Comparator 26 compares current measurements with Io threshold, of 1 A for example, for the delivery of signals presence of spark as described above.
  • the comparator 32 compare the measurements of the intensity of the primary current Ip at a second intensity threshold I1, higher than that Io of comparator 26, for example equal to 4.5 A, to provide a signal when the charge current Ip in the primary 13 exceeds this second threshold I1, when the current Ip to be cut to obtain a spark of satisfactory quality is I2, for example 6 A, as shown on curve (b) of the figure 2.
  • unit 16 From the duration (t'1-t0) between the start t0 of the charge of the primary 13, fixed by the unit 16, and the instant t'1 if I1 is exceeded, unit 16 can determine the time t1-t'1 necessary to arrive at current I2 and, for the next ignition, determine t0 appropriately. The time of the start of the charge can thus be adjusted by optimally by unit 16 without additional output from the detector 18 to control unit 16.
  • the primary current measurement signals Ip aux shunt terminals 15 are also transmitted from the output of the RC 24-25 filter in parallel directly over one second input E 'of the computer 16 and applied to a converter analog / digital 34, itself connected to means of digital counting, memories, registers and comparators 35 of the computer 16.
  • the primary current Ip measured for diagnostic times, is used as analog signal diagnostic transmitted to the analog input E 'of the microprocessor of the computer 16.
  • the converter 34 and to digital memories and comparators 35 the comparison of the maximum intensities of the primary current Ipmax, as measured during diagnostic times, of the same rank (for example always during the first duration diagnostic) between successive charging times, and these Ipmax values are compared to each other as well as a maximum current intensity threshold Imax primary, adapted according to the order of the duration of diagnosis considered in the following of these durations of diagnosis between two consecutive charging times, in order to detect the decrease in Ipmax values, depending on the operating time of the installation, which translates wear of the spark plug 10 and, more generally, degradation of the secondary circuit, comprising this spark plug 10, the secondary 12 as well as a suppression interference, in series with the candle 10 and / or integrated therein. Indeed, the degradation of this secondary circuit is reflected by a gradual increase in equivalent resistance of this circuit, hence a correlative decrease in maximum intensity signals Ipmax, as shown in figure 6.
  • This figure 6 represents four curves of Ip measured during the first diagnostic period t3-t2, curve 36 corresponding to a spark plug 10 in new condition, while curves 37, 38 and 39 correspond to the use of the same candle 10 after periods of use gradually increasing.
  • Ipmax the intensity maximum primary current Ipmax gradually decreases when the duration of use of the candle 10 increases, by curve 36 to curve 39.
  • the four curves are shown secondary current Is 40, 41, 42 and 43, obtained during sparks during which we have respectively measured, during the first diagnostic period, the curves 36 to 39 of Ip which correspond to the points of negative sign of current Is visible and superimposed for the four curves 40 to 43 of FIG. 7.
  • the curves 42 and 43 corresponding to sparks obtained with a candle 10 in a degraded state, reflected by the curves 38 and 39 in FIG. 6 correspond to excess sparks short duration, while the duration of the sparks of the curves 40 and 41, obtained with a candle 10 in good condition, such as reflected by curves 36 and 37 in Figure 6, is sufficient to obtain a suitable quality spark for a sufficient time.
  • diagnostic method described above can be implemented by a device (see Figures 1 and 3), which is both structurally sparse modified compared to that described in EP 0 559 540, and much more economical than the latter, since does not require high voltage components.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Verfahren zur elektronischen Zündung für Verbrennungsmotoren mit geregelter Zündung in jedem Zylinder des Motors mittels wenigstens einer Kerze (10), die in Reihe mit einer Sekundärseite (12) einer Zündspule (11) angeordnet ist, deren Primärseite (13) mit elektrischem Strom aus einer Quelle (Vbat) über einen Schalter (14) gespeist wird, der in einem Ladekreis der Primärseite (13) angeordnet ist und seinerseits von einer Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) gesteuert wird, wobei das Verfahren den Schritt umfaßt, der darin besteht, die Ladung der Primärseite (13) während definierter Ladezeiträume (t1-t0) und zu von der Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) definierten Zeitpunkten (t0) zyklisch zu steuern, so daß das Ausschalten des Ladens am Ende (t1) jedes Ladezeitraums (t1-t0) einen Zündfunken an der Kerze (10) verursachen soll, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren weiterhin die Schritte umfaßt, die darin bestehen:
    zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträumen (t1-t0) und während der angenommenen Zündfunkendauer im Anschluß an den ersten der beiden aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträume den Durchgang eines Meßstroms an der Primärseite (13) während wenigstens eines Diagnosezeitraums (t3-t2) und zu wenigstens einem Zeitpunkt (t2) zu steuern, die beide von der Rechen- und Steuereinheit definiert sind,
    eine Zunahmegeschwindigkeit der Stromstärke (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) während wenigstens eines Diagnosezeitraums zu bestimmen,
    eine erhöhte Zunahmegeschwindigkeit von einer geringen Zunahmegeschwindigkeit zu diskriminieren und
    daraus eine Information über die Präsenz und/oder die Qualität eines Zündfunkens an der Kerze (10) nach dem Ende des vorhergehenden Ladezeitraums (t1-t0) abzuleiten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es darin besteht, die Zunahmegeschwindigkeit der Stromstärke (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) während jedes Diagnosezeitraums (t3-t2) durch Vergleich mit wenigstens einem entsprechenden Schwellenwert zu diskriminieren und beim Überschreiten des entsprechenden Schwellenwerts ein Zündfunkenpräsenz-Signal zu liefern.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weiterhin den Schritt umfaßt, der darin besteht, die Stromstärke (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) während wenigstens jedes Diagnosezeitraums (t3-t2) zu messen und die Zunahmegeschwindigkeit durch Vergleichen der gemessenen maximalen Stärke während des entsprechenden Diagnosezeitraums mit einem entsprechenden Stärkeschwellenwert (Io) zu diskriminieren, um ein Zündfunkenpräsenz-Signal zu liefern, wenn die gemessene maximale Stärke größer ist als der Stärkeschwellenwert (Io).
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weiterhin darin besteht, wenigstens zwei aufeinanderfolgende Diagnosezeiträume (t3-t2, t5-t4) zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträumen (t1-t0) zu steuern und daraus einerseits die Präsenz eines Zündfunkens abzuleiten, wenn wenigstens ein Präsenz-Signal (t3-t'2) in einem ersten vorgegebenen Zeitintervall (T1) geliefert wird, das sich an das Ende (t1) des vorhergehenden Ladezeitraums anschließt und frühestens zum gleichen Zeitpunkt (t3) wie der erste Diagnosezeitraum (t3-t2) endet, und daraus andererseits in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der gelieferten Präsenz-Signale eine Mindestdauer für einen Zündfunken ausreichender Qualität abzuleiten.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weiterhin darin besteht, abzuleiten, daß der Zündfunke zu kurz ist, wenn ein zweites Präsenz-Signal (t5-t'4) nicht in einem das erste Zeitintervall (T1) überschreitenden, zweiten vorgegebenen Zeitintervall (T2) geliefert wird, das sich ebenfalls an das Ende (t1) des vorhergehenden Ladezeitraums anschließt und frühestens zum gleichen Zeitpunkt (t5) wie der zweite Diagnosezeitraum (t5-t4) endet.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es darin besteht, ebenfalls einen dritten Diagnosezeitraum (t7-t6) zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträumen (t1-t0) zu steuern und daraus abzuleiten, daß die Kerze (10) kurzgeschlossen ist, wenn ein drittes Präsenz-Signal vor dem Ende eines vorgegebenen dritten Zeitintervalls (T3) geliefert wird, das sich gleichfalls an das Ende (t1) des vorhergehenden Ladezeitraums anschließt, das erste (T1) überschreitet und das frühestens zum gleichen Zeitpunkt (t7) wie der dritte Diagnosezeitraum (t7-t6) endet.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weiterhin darin besteht, die maximale Stromstärke (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) während wenigstens eines gleichrangigen Diagnosezeitraums (t3-t2) nach aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträumen (t1-t0) zu messen, die Messungen miteinander und/oder mit wenigstens einem Schwellenwert maximaler Stärke (Imax) zu vergleichen und daraus wenigstens ein Signal abzuleiten, das den Abfall des die Kerze (10) und die Sekundärseite (12) der Spule umfassenden Sekundärkreises anzeigt.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es darin besteht, jeden Diagnosezeitraum (t3-t2, t5-t4, t7-t6) auf einen konstanten Wert und jeden entsprechenden Schwellenwert (Io) für die Stromstärke (Ip) auf einen gleichfalls konstanten Wert auszurichten.
  9. Elektronische Zündvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit geregelter Zündung in jedem Zylinder des Motors mittels wenigstens einer Kerze (10), die in Reihe mit einer Sekundärseite (12) eines Zündspule (11) angeordnet ist, deren Primärseite (13) mit elektrischem Strom aus einer Quelle (Vbat) über einen Schalter (14) gespeist wird, der in einem Ladekreis der Primärseite (13) angeordnet ist und seinerseits von einer Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) gespeist wird, wobei Mittel (15) zum Messen des Stroms (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) in dem Ladekreis zwischen dem Schalter (14) und der Masse in Reihe geschaltet und mit Erfassungseinrichtungen (18) verbunden sind, die ihrerseits mit der Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    die Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Steuersignals für den Schalter (14) zum Durchgang des Stroms (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) während wenigstens eines Diagnosezeitraums (t3-t2) und zu wenigstens einem Zeitpunkt (t2), welche beide von der Einheit (16) definiert werden, zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträumen (t1-t0) der Primärseite (13) und während der angenommenen Zündfunkendauer im Anschluß an den ersten der beiden aufeinanderfolgenden Ladezeiträume aufweist und
    daß die Erfassungseinrichtungen (18) Mittel (26) aufweisen, die die Zunahmegeschwindigkeit der Stärke des Stroms (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) diskriminieren und an die Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) ein Signal geben, wenn die gemessene Stärke des Stroms (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) wenigstens während jedes Diagnosezeitraums einen Schwellenwert (Io) überschreitet.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter (14) ausgehend von einem Steuerausgang (S) der Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) über Interface-Verstärker (17) gesteuert wird, daß die Mittel zum Messen des Stroms (Ip) an der Primärseite (13) einen Shunt (15) in Reihe mit dem Schalter (14) zwischen diesem und der Masse aufweisen, und daß die Erfassungseinrichtungen (18) wenigstens einen ersten (26) und einen zweiten Komparator (32) umfassen, von denen jeder das Signal des Shunt (15) an einem Eingang empfängt und es jeweils mit einem ersten (Io) und einem zweiten Stärke-Schwellenwert (I1), der an einem anderen Eingang des entsprechenden Komparators (26, 32) empfangen wird, vergleicht, wobei der Ausgang jedes Komparators mit einem Diagnose-Eingang (E) der Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) verbunden ist, wobei zum Berechnen der Ladezeiträume (t1-t0) der Primärseite (13) durch die Einheit (16) der zweite Stärke-Schwellenwert (I1) größer als der erste (Io), aber niedriger als der Strom (I2) ist, der benötigt wird, um durch Ausschalten der Primärseite (13) eine Zündungsspannung zu erzeugen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16) einen zweiten Diagnose-Eingang (t1) aufweist, der mit dem Shunt (15) verbunden ist und die Messung der Stärke des Stroms (Ip) an einen Analog-Digital-Wandler (34) weitergibt, der seinerseits mit Mitteln (35) zum Speichern und Vergleichen eines während eines entsprechenden Diagnosezeitraums (t3-t2, t5-t4, t7-t6) gemessenen Maximalwertes der Stärke (Ip) mit einem Schwellenwert maximaler Stärke (Imax) und/oder zum Vergleichen mehrerer, während mehrerer Diagnosezeiträume gemessener Maximalwerte der Stärke (Ip) untereinander und mit Mitteln verbunden ist, die ein Signal für den Abfall des die Kerze (10) und die Sekundärseite (12) umfassenden Sekundärkreises liefern, wenn die gemessene maximale Stärke (Ip) niedriger ist als der Schwellenwert (Imax).
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (15) zum Messen des Stroms (Ip) an der Primärseite (13), die Rechen- und Steuereinheit (16), die Erfassungseinrichtungen (18) und gegebenenfalls der Interface-Verstärker (17) gemeinsame allen Kerzen (10) aller Zylinder zugeordnet sind.
EP19940402617 1993-11-22 1994-11-17 Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Spulenzündung mit zusätzlichen Entladungen zur Diagnose Expired - Lifetime EP0654604B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9313944A FR2712934B1 (fr) 1993-11-22 1993-11-22 Procédé et dispositif d'allumage à bobine, pour moteur à allumage commandé.
FR9313944 1993-11-22

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EP0654604B1 true EP0654604B1 (de) 1998-07-29

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EP0740072B1 (de) * 1995-04-28 2002-08-07 STMicroelectronics S.r.l. Methode und Schaltung zur Erkennung eines Zündfunkens in einer inneren Brennkraftmaschine
DE19520852C1 (de) * 1995-06-08 1996-09-19 Vogt Electronic Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Zündungserkennung
DE19524541C1 (de) * 1995-07-05 1996-12-05 Telefunken Microelectron Schaltungsanordnung zur Ionenstrommessung im Verbrennungsraum einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19652267A1 (de) * 1996-12-16 1998-06-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Induktives Spulenzündsystem für einen Motor
DE19720535C2 (de) * 1997-05-16 2002-11-21 Conti Temic Microelectronic Verfahren zur Erkennung klopfender Verbrennung bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Wechselspannungszündanlage
FR2768186B1 (fr) * 1997-09-11 1999-10-15 Siemens Automotive Sa Procede et dispositif de diagnostic d'un systeme d'allumage pour moteur a combustion interne
FR2820465B1 (fr) * 2001-02-05 2004-04-30 Siemens Automotive Sa Procede et dispositif de commande d'une bobine d'allumage d'un melange air/carburant dans un moteur a combustion interne
DE10133005B4 (de) * 2001-07-06 2014-10-23 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erkennen der Unterbrechung der Spannungsversorgung einer Zündspule
DE102016115980B4 (de) 2016-08-26 2018-09-20 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Zündgenerator und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von elektrischen Zündfunken zum Zünden von Plasmen in Mikrosystemen
EP3306075B1 (de) * 2016-10-07 2024-05-22 Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH Zündkerzenüberwachung in einer brennkraftmaschine
CN107178454B (zh) * 2017-07-28 2019-01-04 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 一种天然气发动机点火能量闭环控制方法

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DE2752244A1 (de) * 1977-11-23 1979-06-07 Baum Elektrophysik Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pruefen elektrischer zuendanlagen von otto-motoren
DE3341880A1 (de) * 1983-11-19 1985-05-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Pruefverfahren fuer zuendanlagen von brennkraftmaschinen in kraftfahrzeugen
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FR2676506B1 (fr) * 1991-05-15 1993-09-03 Siemens Automotive Sa Procede et dispositif de detection de rates d'allumage dans un cylindre de moteur a combustion interne et leur application.
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FR2688272B1 (fr) * 1992-03-03 1995-10-06 Marelli Autronica Dispositif d'allumage electronique a bobine pour moteur a allumage commande.

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EP0654604A1 (de) 1995-05-24
DE69412039T2 (de) 1999-04-01
DE69412039D1 (de) 1998-09-03
FR2712934A1 (fr) 1995-06-02
FR2712934B1 (fr) 1996-01-26
ES2122192T3 (es) 1998-12-16

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