EP0916894A1 - Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'un générateur de chaleur - Google Patents

Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'un générateur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0916894A1
EP0916894A1 EP97810867A EP97810867A EP0916894A1 EP 0916894 A1 EP0916894 A1 EP 0916894A1 EP 97810867 A EP97810867 A EP 97810867A EP 97810867 A EP97810867 A EP 97810867A EP 0916894 A1 EP0916894 A1 EP 0916894A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner according
section
flow
swirl generator
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97810867A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0916894B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Döbbeling
Hans Peter Knöpfel
Thomas Ruck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP97810867A priority Critical patent/EP0916894B1/fr
Priority to DE59710788T priority patent/DE59710788D1/de
Priority to US09/187,343 priority patent/US6027331A/en
Priority to JP32224098A priority patent/JP4263278B2/ja
Priority to CNB981269826A priority patent/CN1137342C/zh
Publication of EP0916894A1 publication Critical patent/EP0916894A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0916894B1 publication Critical patent/EP0916894B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D17/00Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14021Premixing burners with swirling or vortices creating means for fuel or air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for operating a heat generator according to Preamble of claim 1.
  • the upstream side consists of a swirl generator, the flow formed therein seamlessly in a mixing section is transferred. This is done using one at the beginning of the Mixing section flow geometry formed for this purpose, which consists of transition channels exists, which is sectoral, according to the number of those acting Partial body of the swirl generator, capture the end face of the mixing section and in Flow direction swirl. Downstream of these transition channels the mixing section has a number of filming holes, which one Ensure an increase in the flow velocity along the pipe wall. This is followed by a combustion chamber, the transition between the Mixing section and the combustion chamber formed by a cross-sectional jump in whose plane a backflow zone or backflow bubble forms. The Twist strength in the swirl generator is selected so that the bursting of the Vortex does not occur within the mixing section, but further downstream, as executed above, in the area of the cross-sectional jump.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as set out in the claims is characterized, the task is based on a burner at the beginning to propose the above-mentioned type of precautions which affect the quality of the mixture Fuel / air mixture can improve.
  • the fuel in the swirl generator is injected on both sides along the inlet channels through which the combustion air flows into the interior.
  • the main advantages of the invention can be seen in the fact that the fuel injection provided on both sides of the inlet channels achieves a better penetration depth of the fuel into the combustion stream, which leads to a better premixing between fuel and combustion air.
  • the injection levels of the two fuel injector rows, which are at the transition to the interior of the Swirl generator are arranged from the tip to the exit of the swirl generator increases. This is the route to the swirl generator of the fuel injectors further downstream, this leads to a better premixing of the injected fuel.
  • the object according to the invention is also particularly suitable for use in the case of other burners in which the swirl generator is also the premixing section of the burner.
  • the swirl generator is also the premixing section of the burner.
  • particular reference is made to the Document EP-0 321 809 B1 pointed out, which is an integrating component This description forms.
  • Fig. 1 shows the overall structure of a burner.
  • the top of the burner is a Swirl generator 100 effective, the configuration of which is shown in the following FIG. 2 and 3 is shown and described in more detail.
  • It is a conical body that is tangential multiple times in the circumferential direction of one incoming combustion air flow 115 is applied, wherein in the area the inflow of this combustion air 115 different injections 116, 116a of a gaseous and / or liquid fuel are:
  • Another fuel injection can by a fuel nozzle arranged centrally and at the top 103 can be accomplished.
  • operation with a liquid and / or gaseous fuel are maintained.
  • the one forming here Swirl flow is provided on the basis of a swirl generator 100 downstream Transition geometry seamlessly transferred into a transition piece 200, that no detachment areas can form in this zone.
  • the configuration this transition geometry is described in more detail in FIG. 4.
  • Outflow side this transition piece 200 becomes the transition geometry which is thereby formed extended by a mixing tube 20, both parts of the actual Form mixing section 220 of the burner.
  • the mixing section 220 consist of a single piece, i.e. then that the transition piece 200 and the mixing tube 20 into a single coherent Bodies merge, maintaining the characteristics of each part.
  • Transition piece 200 and mixing tube 20 are made from two parts, so these are connected by a bushing ring 10, the same bushing ring 10 serves as an anchoring surface for the swirl generator 100 on the head side.
  • a Such sleeve ring 10 also has the advantage that different mixing tubes can be used without affecting the basic configuration of the burner to have to change something. Downstream of the mixing tube 20 is the actual combustion chamber 30 of a combustion chamber, which is here only by a Flame tube is shown.
  • the mixing section 220 largely fulfills the task that a defined distance is provided downstream of the swirl generator 100 in which achieves a perfect premixing of different types of fuel can be.
  • This mixing section that is to say, the mixing tube 20, enables furthermore a loss-free flow guidance, so that there is also an operative connection with the transition geometry initially no backflow zone or Backflow bubble can form, which over the length of the mixing section 220 on the Mixing quality can be exercised for all types of fuel.
  • This Mixing section 220 has yet another property, which consists in that the axial velocity profile in it itself has a pronounced maximum has the axis so that the flame reignites from the combustion chamber not possible. However, it is correct that with such a configuration this Axial velocity drops towards the wall. To reignite this too, the mixing tube 20 in the flow and circumferential direction with a number of regularly or irregularly distributed bores 21 various cross-sections and directions through which an amount of air flows into the interior of the mixing tube 20, and along the wall in the sense induce an increase in flow rate during filming. This Bores 21 can also be designed so that on the inner wall of the mixing tube 20 at least additionally sets an effusion cooling.
  • transition channels 201 Another way of increasing the speed of the mixture within To achieve the mixing tube 20 is that its flow cross-section on the outflow side of the transition channels 201, which have already been mentioned Form transition geometry, undergoes a narrowing, causing the whole Speed level within the mixing tube 20 is raised.
  • these bores 21 run at an acute angle the burner axis 60.
  • the outlet corresponds to the transition channels 201 the narrowest flow cross-section of the mixing tube 20.
  • the transition channels mentioned 201 accordingly bridge the respective cross-sectional difference, without negatively influencing the flow formed. If the chosen precaution when guiding the pipe flow 40 along the mixing pipe 20 triggers an intolerable pressure loss, this can be remedied are created by not at the end of this mixing tube in the figure shown diffuser is provided.
  • combustion chamber 30 combustion chamber 30
  • Backflow zone 50 which has the properties of a flame front disembodied flame holder.
  • FIG. 2 shows a swirl generator constructed from four partial bodies 140, 141, 142, 143 100, these partial bodies having a blade profile shape, with which a targeted flow for the through the respective inlet channels 120 into the interior 114 incoming combustion air flow 115 is accomplished.
  • Flow cross section of the inlet channels 120 is determined by the displacement of the respective Central axes 141a, 142a, 143a, 144a of the partial body are achieved, as is shown in FIG. 2 emerges particularly well.
  • the fuel 116, 116a in the swirl generator is on both sides injected along the inlet channels 120. The closer type of injection goes from the explanations under Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of a four-slot swirl generator 100.
  • the introduction of fuel 116, 116a for admixing into the combustion air flow 115 is accomplished here by means of fuel lines, which are integrated into the partial bodies 140-143, in contrast to the fuel supply according to EP-0 780 629 A2.
  • the bilateral fuel supply along the inlet channels 120 is held here in such a way that the individual opposite ones Injections are arranged axially offset from one another. In order to it is achieved that the intermediate space between two injections on the one side from the opposite offset injection on the other Page is filled. This is important as it means the injected fuel captured by the combustion air flow 115 forms a bubble spray.
  • Opposite staggered fuel bubbles are able to fill the entire cross section of the inlet channels 120, the depth of penetration of the entered Fuel is bigger, which has a positive effect on the fuel / combustion air mixture formation affects.
  • Another measure Optimally shaping mixture formation concerns the design of the injection level H of the fuel 116, 116a in the axial direction of the swirl generator 100. This increases from the tip of the swirl generator 100 to the swirl generator outlet.
  • the transition piece 200 in a three-dimensional view.
  • the transition geometry is corresponding for a swirl generator 100 with four partial bodies 2 and 3, built. Accordingly, the transition geometry as a natural extension of the upstream partial bodies, four transition channels 201 on, whereby the conical quarter area of said partial body is extended until it cuts the wall of the mixing tube.
  • the same considerations also apply if the swirl generator is based on a principle other than the one below Fig. 3 described, is constructed.
  • the down in the direction of flow running surface of the individual transition channels 201 has a flow direction spiral shape, which has a crescent shape Course describes, corresponding to the fact that the flow cross-section is present of the transition piece 200 flared in the flow direction.
  • the swirl angle of the transition channels 201 in the flow direction is selected so that that the pipe flow then up to the cross-sectional jump on Combustion chamber entrance still has a sufficient distance to be perfect Premix with the injected fuel. Further increases the axial speed is also affected by the above-mentioned measures on the mixing tube wall downstream of the swirl generator.
  • the transition geometry and the measures in the area of the mixing tube bring about a significant increase of the axial velocity profile towards the center of the mixing tube, see above that the danger of early ignition is decisively counteracted.
  • the flow cross-section of the tube 20 receives a transition radius R in this area, the size of which basically depends on the flow within the tube 20.
  • This radius R is selected so that the flow is applied to the wall and the swirl number can increase significantly.
  • the size of the radius R can be quantitatively defined so that it is> 10% of the inner diameter d of the tube 20.
  • the backflow bladder 50 now increases enormously.
  • This radius R extends to the exit plane of the tube 20, the angle ⁇ between the beginning and end of the curvature being ⁇ 90 °.
  • the tear-off edge A runs along one leg of the angle ⁇ into the interior of the tube 20 and thus forms a tear-off step S with respect to the front point of the tear-off edge A, the depth of which is> 3 mm.
  • the edge running parallel to the exit plane of the tube 20 can be brought back to the exit plane level using a curved course.
  • the angle ⁇ ' which extends between the tangent of the tear-off edge A and perpendicular to the exit plane of the tube 20, is the same size as the angle ⁇ .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
EP97810867A 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'un générateur de chaleur Expired - Lifetime EP0916894B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97810867A EP0916894B1 (fr) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'un générateur de chaleur
DE59710788T DE59710788D1 (de) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Brenner für den Betrieb eines Wärmeerzeugers
US09/187,343 US6027331A (en) 1997-11-13 1998-11-06 Burner for operating a heat generator
JP32224098A JP4263278B2 (ja) 1997-11-13 1998-11-12 熱発生器を運転するためのバーナ
CNB981269826A CN1137342C (zh) 1997-11-13 1998-11-13 用于驱动热发生器的喷嘴

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97810867A EP0916894B1 (fr) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'un générateur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0916894A1 true EP0916894A1 (fr) 1999-05-19
EP0916894B1 EP0916894B1 (fr) 2003-09-24

Family

ID=8230469

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810867A Expired - Lifetime EP0916894B1 (fr) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Brûleur pour la mise en oeuvre d'un générateur de chaleur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6027331A (fr)
EP (1) EP0916894B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4263278B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1137342C (fr)
DE (1) DE59710788D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005121648A1 (fr) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-22 Alstom Technology Ltd Bruleur a premelange a alimentation etagee en combustible liquide et procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur a premelange
EP1614963A1 (fr) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de combustion à prémélange et procédé

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2001272682A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-24 Alstom Power N.V. Method for operating a burner and burner with stepped premix gas injection
DE10040869A1 (de) * 2000-08-21 2002-03-07 Alstom Power Nv Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Strömungswirbeln innerhalb einer Strömungskraftmaschine
DE10051221A1 (de) * 2000-10-16 2002-07-11 Alstom Switzerland Ltd Brenner mit gestufter Brennstoff-Eindüsung
DE102004015904A1 (de) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Alstom Technology Ltd Baden Verfahren zur Flüssigbrennstoffzerstäubung in einem Vormischbrenner sowie Vormischbrenner
EP1817526B1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2019-03-20 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Procédé et dispositif de combustion d'hydrogène dans un brûleur a prémelange
CN101243287B (zh) * 2004-12-23 2013-03-27 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 具有混合段的预混燃烧器
US8448881B2 (en) * 2006-10-13 2013-05-28 Rolls-Royce Power Engineering Plc Fuel injector
EP1990578A1 (fr) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-12 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Turbine à gaz avec injection d'eau
US20090255118A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 General Electric Company Method of manufacturing mixers
US8220269B2 (en) * 2008-09-30 2012-07-17 Alstom Technology Ltd. Combustor for a gas turbine engine with effusion cooled baffle
US8220271B2 (en) * 2008-09-30 2012-07-17 Alstom Technology Ltd. Fuel lance for a gas turbine engine including outer helical grooves
CN101936530A (zh) * 2010-09-29 2011-01-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种多点燃烧的长火焰超低氮氧化物排放的气体燃烧器
CN102705867A (zh) * 2012-06-11 2012-10-03 石家庄市新华工业炉有限公司 一种煤粉点火器
EP2685163B1 (fr) * 2012-07-10 2020-03-25 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Brûleur de prémélange du type multi-cônes destiné à une turbine à gaz
EP2722591A1 (fr) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-23 Alstom Technology Ltd Brûleur à multiples cones pour une turbine à gaz
CN109237472B (zh) * 2018-06-26 2024-05-17 天时燃烧设备(苏州)有限责任公司 燃烧管组件和燃烧器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2508665A1 (de) * 1975-02-28 1976-09-09 Klaus Dipl Ing Matzke Brenner mit einleitkoerper
EP0321809A1 (fr) 1987-12-21 1989-06-28 BBC Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide dans un brûleur
WO1993017279A1 (fr) * 1992-02-26 1993-09-02 United Technologies Corporation Bruleur de gaz a premelange
EP0747635A2 (fr) * 1995-06-05 1996-12-11 Allison Engine Company, Inc. Brûleur à prémélange pauvre avec faible production de NOx pour turbines à gaz industrielles
DE19545310A1 (de) * 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Asea Brown Boveri Vormischbrenner
EP0780629A2 (fr) 1995-12-21 1997-06-25 ABB Research Ltd. Brûleur pour un générateur de chaleur

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3663189D1 (en) * 1985-03-04 1989-06-08 Siemens Ag Burner disposition for combustion installations, especially for combustion chambers of gas turbine installations, and method for its operation
DE3860569D1 (de) * 1987-01-26 1990-10-18 Siemens Ag Hybridbrenner fuer vormischbetrieb mit gas und/oder oel, insbesondere fuer gasturbinenanlagen.
DE19547912A1 (de) * 1995-12-21 1997-06-26 Abb Research Ltd Brenner für einen Wärmeerzeuger

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2508665A1 (de) * 1975-02-28 1976-09-09 Klaus Dipl Ing Matzke Brenner mit einleitkoerper
EP0321809A1 (fr) 1987-12-21 1989-06-28 BBC Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide dans un brûleur
WO1993017279A1 (fr) * 1992-02-26 1993-09-02 United Technologies Corporation Bruleur de gaz a premelange
EP0747635A2 (fr) * 1995-06-05 1996-12-11 Allison Engine Company, Inc. Brûleur à prémélange pauvre avec faible production de NOx pour turbines à gaz industrielles
DE19545310A1 (de) * 1995-12-05 1997-06-12 Asea Brown Boveri Vormischbrenner
EP0780629A2 (fr) 1995-12-21 1997-06-25 ABB Research Ltd. Brûleur pour un générateur de chaleur

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005121648A1 (fr) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-22 Alstom Technology Ltd Bruleur a premelange a alimentation etagee en combustible liquide et procede pour faire fonctionner un bruleur a premelange
US7997896B2 (en) 2004-06-08 2011-08-16 Alstom Technology Ltd Premix burner with staged liquid fuel supply and also method for operating a premix burner
EP1614963A1 (fr) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de combustion à prémélange et procédé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11223305A (ja) 1999-08-17
EP0916894B1 (fr) 2003-09-24
JP4263278B2 (ja) 2009-05-13
DE59710788D1 (de) 2003-10-30
US6027331A (en) 2000-02-22
CN1225437A (zh) 1999-08-11
CN1137342C (zh) 2004-02-04

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