EP0913631B1 - Ölfeuerungsanlage mit reduzierter Stickstoffoxid (NOx) - Emissionen - Google Patents

Ölfeuerungsanlage mit reduzierter Stickstoffoxid (NOx) - Emissionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0913631B1
EP0913631B1 EP98120860A EP98120860A EP0913631B1 EP 0913631 B1 EP0913631 B1 EP 0913631B1 EP 98120860 A EP98120860 A EP 98120860A EP 98120860 A EP98120860 A EP 98120860A EP 0913631 B1 EP0913631 B1 EP 0913631B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
atomiser
oil
jet
installation according
central
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98120860A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0913631A2 (de
EP0913631A3 (de
Inventor
Daniel Dipl.-Ing. Fh Goebel
Günther Niedermaier
Rainer Schoch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Max Weishaupt GmbH
Original Assignee
Max Weishaupt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Max Weishaupt GmbH filed Critical Max Weishaupt GmbH
Publication of EP0913631A2 publication Critical patent/EP0913631A2/de
Publication of EP0913631A3 publication Critical patent/EP0913631A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0913631B1 publication Critical patent/EP0913631B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/06—Liquid fuel from a central source to a plurality of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
    • F23D11/26—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed
    • F23D11/28—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed with flow-back of fuel at the burner, e.g. using by-pass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/406—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D23/00—Assemblies of two or more burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11002—Liquid fuel burners with more than one nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oil firing system for combustion under reduced Nitrogen oxide emissions, especially for higher outputs, with at least one centrally arranged pilot atomizer nozzle and associated ignition device as well as a fan for the supply of combustion air, which by a Flame tube surrounding atomizer nozzle downstream of the atomization chamber is fed to the nozzle, and with a number of other atomizing nozzles that around the centrally located central atomizer nozzle around inside the flame tube the atomization chamber are arranged evenly spaced.
  • Oil combustion plants of the type in question work for the purpose of reduction the thermal nitrogen oxides with exhaust gas recirculation designed in many ways. This leads in part to flame instabilities with a high level at the same time expenditure on equipment.
  • Oil firing systems of the type mentioned at the outset are in EP 0, among others 397 046 A, EP 0 478 305 A and approximately also GB 1 011 058 A. Thereby all atomizing nozzles are blocking or swirling discs assigned.
  • the invention is based, an oil firing system the task to provide the type mentioned in which the distribution is as homogeneous as possible of fuel, air and exhaust gas is given and at avoidance targeted or separate external exhaust gas recirculation the formation of thermal NOx is reduced.
  • Ring disk bluff body arranged to the central atomizer nozzle or the central mixing system can be arranged with gap formation. This gap formation is important for the air introduction to the central flame.
  • the core flame is preferred through a central atomizing nozzle in Combination with a mixing system of conventional design, which in the core yellow can be. In the area of the flame, bluish burnout and overall a slim flame shape without cloud of fuel.
  • the central atomizer nozzle or Mixing system complete with the ring disk bluff body in the direction of Longitudinal axis of the flame tube in different displacement positions - in particular infinitely adjustable. This can adjust the air supply adjustment to serve the amount of fuel when the load changes, otherwise this shifting option enables the NOx values to be set or optimized to reach.
  • they have the central atomizing nozzle surrounding atomizer nozzles at a narrower spray angle than that the central nozzle.
  • the spray angle is preferably the surrounding one Atomizer nozzles selected around 30 ° to 45 °. Through this narrow spray angle the combustion chamber wall is not wetted with oil. In addition, coking in the area of the flame tube mouth and the adjacent areas of the outer edges of the bluff body avoid.
  • the annular disk bluff body is on it the outside facing the combustion chamber, i.e. the centrally located one Atomizer nozzle - pilot atomizer nozzle - side facing away, with one in this Provide direction projecting essay, preferably continuously is ring-shaped and in particular the annular In immediately afterwards is.
  • the attachment can be formed in one piece on this bluff body ring disk his.
  • the bluff ring washer on its outer edge again with regard to the combustion air supplied downstream of the combustion chamber have facing projecting edge edging, which are related with the flame tube to improve airflow.
  • the Purposes can also be a tapered design of the flame tube on serve downstream end of the combustion air duct.
  • the bluff ring washer in the areas the respective ring arranged around the central pilot atomizer nozzle Main atomizer nozzles with radially inward bulges be provided.
  • the ring disk bluff body or physically considered the bluff body ring disk of the kind described makes it possible in particular to use nozzles with large Spray angle - 60 ° - to use and even with this large one Spray angle an impact and baking of oil droplets on the front to prevent the bluff ring. If the Mixing device is moved back accordingly, there is also Danger of contamination of the annular atomizing nozzles. In addition, this measure further reduces NOx emissions and improves combustion overall, i.e. Soot formation is reduced, and the combustion approaches that of gas. It takes place a flow equalization with the result of higher flame stability.
  • the supply of the ring around the central one Atomizer nozzle arranged as a pilot nozzle atomizer nozzles for the Load case deliver the majority of the atomized fuel, namely about 95% and more.
  • These main atomizer nozzles are designed for a uniform burnout of the desired type according to the task, namely approximately at low NOx emissions Blue fire behavior, work as evenly and constantly as possible.
  • these main atomizing nozzles are in a manner known per se an oil supply connected, which provides an oil supply and an oil return, in such a way that, when the respective nozzle is operating, a constant as possible certain amount of fuel is supplied under predetermined pressure.
  • main atomizing nozzles are connected to this ring line in their base area, which in turn are centrally connected to the oil supply pressure source and the oil return stands, preferably such that these ring lines between two adjacent main atomizer nozzles a feed or discharge point for have a central oil supply pressure line and an oil return line.
  • Figure 1 shows a cylindrical flame tube 1, at the outlet of which the combustion air is accelerated, for example by moving in the direction of flow conically tapering section 9, in the tube axis - that is, in the middle - one central atomizing nozzle 3 as part of a mixing system of conventional design is arranged.
  • This central atomizer nozzle 3-pilot atomizer nozzle - there are several more on a concentric circle with radius r Atomizer nozzles 2 - main atomizer nozzles - arranged.
  • the central nozzle 3 serves to supply fuel to a pilot flame; and about the concentric the main part is supplied around these atomizer nozzles 2 of the liquid fuel in or with the main combustion air.
  • the number of atomizing nozzles evenly spaced on the pitch circle 2, the defined minimum radius 3 of the pitch circle to the central nozzle 3 and the nozzle outlet conditions depend on each other.
  • the nozzle outlet holes of all atomizers on the concentric pitch circle are in the flow direction in front of or in the air outlet plane of the Flame tube.
  • the ratio of the distribution of the total amount of fuel supplied for the Pilot flame to the atomizing nozzles 2 of the pitch circle is an essential one Criterion for combustion with low NOx emissions. (approx. 2- 5% of Total fuel quantity at high load is required for the central pilot flame).
  • the main combustion air is applied to the flame via the ring section cross sections fed to the exit plane of the flame tube 1.
  • These ring section cross sections result from the respective inner diameter of the flame tube, one for Flame tube axis coaxially arranged bluff body 4, e.g. executed as Washer, and the atomizer nozzles 2 on the concentric pitch circle.
  • in the Annular disk bluff body 4 is integrated coaxially Volume bluff body 6. Both bluff bodies are through an annular gap for Combustion air passage separated.
  • the central volume bluff has adjustable combustion air inlet cross sections in a prechamber 7. Das End of the pre-chamber 7 is seen with a Bluff body 5 with radial flushing slots, a center hole and a Outside diameter, collar standing in the direction of flow, closed.
  • the annular disk bluff body 4 improves the operating behavior.
  • the individual fuel-gas mixture partial flows mix completely with the pilot flame according to the minimum path length and ignite in the process - the main flame stabilizes. In this main flame there is a uniform, complete combustion of the individual partial mixture flows at reduced O 2 partial pressure. (Internal phase).
  • the thermal NOx formation in the Flame significantly reduced, reduction 30-40%, with a good rating at the same time of the other operating parameters.
  • the firing starts with the electric Ignite the pilot flame and switch on the atomizer on the pitch circle. It This creates a continuous slim, bundled flame. The flame burns with a yellow core and blue border areas.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show perspective views of the central mixing system with the central atomizer nozzle 3 and three arranged circumferentially to this Main atomizer nozzles 2.
  • the in connection with the schematic embodiment Reference symbols used according to FIG. 1 are found in the same Way again in these drawings.
  • the three are Main atomizing nozzles arranged around the central pilot nozzle or the mixing system in a base area 18 via two ring pipes connected, one of which is the oil supply line under constant pressure 14 and the other symbolizes an oil return line 15.
  • the care of Atomizing nozzles by means of a differential pressure between a supply pressure and a return pressure is generally known.
  • This oil flow and oil return system ensures that all of the Main atomizer nozzles work practically under the same operating conditions, so that the oil atomization around the pilot flame is stable.
  • Figures 2 and 3 leave a special design of the ring disk bluff body 4 recognize that it surrounds the central atomizing nozzle 3 Internal border has an attachment 10, which serves to ensure that the outside 11 of the bluff body 4 of sprayed oil particles and thus impending Deposits remains free.
  • the outer circumference of this annular bluff body 4 is provided with a rim 12, which is interrupted by bulges 13 which are directed radially inwards and the reception of the main atomizing nozzles serve.
  • the central pilot atomizer nozzle 3 or Mixing system together with the annular disk bluff body 4 opposite the ring around these arranged main atomizing nozzles 2 axially to the flame tube 1 be moved.
  • the edging 12 and in particular the tapered Section 9 of the flame tube 1 is used to guide the combustion air in the combustion chamber.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 and in particular also FIG. 4 show, the main atomizing nozzles are all around the central pilot atomizer nozzle in their Base area 18 connected by two parallel ring lines 14, 15, one of which 14 the oil supply and the other 15 forms the oil return.
  • ring lines should have the same pressure behavior as possible - constant oil supply pressure and controlled oil return pressure depending on the desired mode of operation - be ensured. This is achieved with the appropriate dimensioning of the diameter of the lines and thus negligible flow resistance.
  • FIG. 5 shows that the ring lines 14 and 15 are connected to the central oil supply, i.e. one that is decisive for all main atomizing nozzles Oil pressure source, on the one hand, and oil return, on the other hand, thereby achieved can be that the ring lines 14, 15 via T-shaped branches are "tapped".
  • both the oil supply line and the oil return line separates from the nozzle mouth when burner operation is interrupted becomes. This is of particular importance at the end of the operating intervals because then there is a tendency to drain oil through the nozzle into the combustion chamber, which leads to contamination etc.
  • the valve device is basically hydraulic, i.e. depending on that by controlling the flow the oil return line actuated in such a way that are under spring tension Valves react according to the pressure conditions that arise, i.e. in the event of an interruption of the burning operation by pressure build-up in the closing direction Valves, however, in operation through their opening.
  • valve devices are located between the the ring lines of the oil flow and the oil return base of the respective nozzle lance of the main atomizing nozzles 2 and their nozzle head, such as this can be seen in particular in FIG. 2.
  • the valve device arranged in this way each nozzle lance is surrounded by a jacket.
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram for an oil firing system with three around a pilot nozzle main atomizer nozzles arranged around each, each in the oil supply as in the oil return with two spring-loaded, hydraulically connected in parallel actuated valves is provided, two for each oil route for space or availability reasons.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP98120860A 1997-11-03 1998-11-03 Ölfeuerungsanlage mit reduzierter Stickstoffoxid (NOx) - Emissionen Expired - Lifetime EP0913631B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19748487 1997-11-03
DE19748487 1997-11-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0913631A2 EP0913631A2 (de) 1999-05-06
EP0913631A3 EP0913631A3 (de) 1999-07-07
EP0913631B1 true EP0913631B1 (de) 2003-03-26

Family

ID=7847442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98120860A Expired - Lifetime EP0913631B1 (de) 1997-11-03 1998-11-03 Ölfeuerungsanlage mit reduzierter Stickstoffoxid (NOx) - Emissionen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0913631B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE235664T1 (da)
DE (2) DE59807632D1 (da)
DK (1) DK0913631T3 (da)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007134580A1 (de) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Ulrich Dreizler Flammenmodellierung
DE102007023299B4 (de) * 2006-05-19 2012-03-22 Ulrich Dreizler Verfahren zur Flammenmodellierung und Gebläsebrenner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102007009922A1 (de) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Ulrich Dreizler Hohlflamme
DE102008004271A1 (de) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Max Weishaupt Gmbh Zerstäubungsvorrichtung für einen Brenner zur Verbrennung von vorzuwärmenden Brennstoffen
DE102016125526B3 (de) 2016-12-22 2018-05-30 Max Weishaupt Gmbh Mischvorrichtung und Brennerkopf für einen Brenner mit reduziertem NOx-Ausstoß

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2941362A (en) * 1953-11-02 1960-06-21 Curtiss Wright Corp Flame holder construction
GB1011058A (en) * 1962-04-05 1965-11-24 Fuel Firing Ltd Multi-stage burner unit
US3212555A (en) * 1964-12-28 1965-10-19 Combustion Eng Automatic gun integrity checking system
DE1927335C3 (de) * 1969-05-29 1974-08-29 Koerting Oel- Und Gasfeuerung Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Brenner, insbesondere für Öl
FR2505028B1 (fr) * 1981-04-30 1986-03-28 Pillard Chauffage Incinerateur polyvalent de dechet solides et liquides
JPS60233416A (ja) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 燃焼器
DE3910654A1 (de) * 1989-04-01 1990-10-04 Rausch & Pausch Anordnung zum verhindern des vor- und nachtropfens von heizoel aus der duese von heizoelbrennern
JPH02147610U (da) * 1989-05-11 1990-12-14
JP2942336B2 (ja) * 1990-09-26 1999-08-30 株式会社日立製作所 燃焼器および燃焼設備

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19850651A1 (de) 1999-07-22
EP0913631A2 (de) 1999-05-06
EP0913631A3 (de) 1999-07-07
DK0913631T3 (da) 2003-06-23
ATE235664T1 (de) 2003-04-15
DE59807632D1 (de) 2003-04-30

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