EP0912875B1 - Tarnstruktur - Google Patents

Tarnstruktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0912875B1
EP0912875B1 EP98900838A EP98900838A EP0912875B1 EP 0912875 B1 EP0912875 B1 EP 0912875B1 EP 98900838 A EP98900838 A EP 98900838A EP 98900838 A EP98900838 A EP 98900838A EP 0912875 B1 EP0912875 B1 EP 0912875B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camouflage
range
emissivity
layer
iii
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP98900838A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0912875A1 (de
Inventor
Fritz Heiniger
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Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Eidgenossisches Militardepartement Gruppe Ruestung
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Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft Eidgenossisches Militardepartement Gruppe Ruestung
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/919—Camouflaged article
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
    • Y10T442/172—Coated or impregnated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
    • Y10T442/172—Coated or impregnated
    • Y10T442/174—Including particulate material other than fiber in coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2098—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2098—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
    • Y10T442/2107—At least one coating or impregnation contains particulate material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2098—At least two coatings or impregnations of different chemical composition
    • Y10T442/2107—At least one coating or impregnation contains particulate material
    • Y10T442/2115—At least one coating or impregnation functions to fix pigments or particles on the surface of a coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2123—At least one coating or impregnation contains particulate material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2041—Two or more non-extruded coatings or impregnations
    • Y10T442/2123—At least one coating or impregnation contains particulate material
    • Y10T442/2131—At least one coating or impregnation functions to fix pigments or particles on the surface of a coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/259—Coating or impregnation provides protection from radiation [e.g., U.V., visible light, I.R., micscheme-change-itemave, high energy particle, etc.] or heat retention thru radiation absorption
    • Y10T442/2598—Radiation reflective
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/654—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y10T442/656—Preformed metallic film or foil or sheet [film or foil or sheet had structural integrity prior to association with the nonwoven fabric]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/654—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y10T442/657—Vapor, chemical, or spray deposited metal layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tam structure according to the preamble of claim 1 and a Camouflage net with such a tam structure.
  • a camouflage structure of this kind is e.g. from the FR 2,716,038 known.
  • the camouflage effect In order to be able to achieve a good camouflage coating, the camouflage effect must naturally extend to the entire range of wavelengths that can be detected by sensors. In the infrared there is in particular the atmospheric window II (3 - 5 ⁇ m) and III (8 - 14 ⁇ m) covering spectral range. (see e.g. Electro-Optics Handbook, Technical Series EOH-11, RCA Corporation, 1974, p. 91, paragraph 2).
  • GB-565.238 already has a tam coating with an effective broadband effect known from the visible to at least in the IR spectral range.
  • the camouflage effect is achieved by having an upper coating; which for the camouflage in the visible Area is responsible for making infrared radiation transparent, and that an underlying primer reflects the infrared radiation in the desired manner.
  • the known coating thus consists of a primer and one applied thereon Camouflage paint (pigment layer), which in the visible area as the natural Background (for example chlorophyll) reflected.
  • the primer is in the area reflecting the terrestrial thermal radiation and the top layer for even this spectral range transparent.
  • the pigment layer must therefore be a binder use the one in the spectral ranges of the atmospheric windows II and III has good transparency.
  • DE-PS 977 526 discloses camouflage in visible light, in the infrared region and is effective in radar targeting.
  • a camouflage net is used for camouflage in the radar area provided with an electrically conductive sub-layer (primer). It can either a metal paint (metallic paint) or a glued one Trade metal foil.
  • the primer is designed so that it is relevant Wavelength range is well reflective. Consequently, the homogeneous reflects metallic primer (due to the low surface resistance of at most a few ohms) in the radar range.
  • On the primer are scattering and absorbent layers applied.
  • the top layer is preferred applied a camouflage color effective in the visible range in a manner known per se.
  • Camouflage coating is known from DE 725 253.
  • a long wave Area reflective layer proposed (see e.g. page 2, lines 19 - 32), which is made of a metal foil (see page 2, example 4) or a metallic color (see Page 2, lines 33-43).
  • An aluminum foil has (since it has a homogeneous metallic coating) has a very good conductivity, i.e. a strong reflective Effect for electromagnetic radiation in the radar range.
  • the well-known topping is So designed so that it automatically reflects in the radar range.
  • foils with slits can be used (see e.g. US 3.069.796 or DE 1.088.843).
  • the FR 2.716.038 deals with a camouflage, which is a material with an intrinsic has selective emissivity. The goal is to keep the emissions of the covered machine in significantly disruptive.
  • the material used has the effect that the Maximum of the emission is shifted into a band which has a low atmospheric Transmission has.
  • the material of high selective emissivity is in a solid Low emissivity material embedded.
  • GB 1,605,131 describes a camouflage consisting of a reflective Background and a color, the pigments camouflaging in the visible and in the near infrared and their binders in atmospheric windows II and III have an emissivity of has less than 90%.
  • the emissivity of the surface is determined by using different layers of color structured in an irregular pattern.
  • GB 1,605,187 and DE 27 59 657 A1 have the object of a camouflage net which varies the emissivity of the camouflage coating across the surface, e.g. between 50% and 90% in atmospheric window II and between 60% and 95% in atmospheric window III.
  • camouflage results, which is based on interference effects.
  • the thickness of the camouflage layer is chosen so that the heat radiation in the II. And III. Window is reduced. It is also pointed out that average emissivities of 30-70% are preferred over extreme values. According to the curves shown in Fig. 2 the reflectance varies.
  • EP 0 198 283 A2 relates to a camouflage material that can be used in both atmospheric windows II and III as well as in the radar range is effective.
  • the emissivity is specified as in the above mentioned atmospheric windows British Pusch patents mentioned.
  • the camouflage effect is said to be in the radar range can be achieved by applying patterns or rectangles whose Dimension smaller than half a wavelength of the largest expected radar wavelength is. The result is a function of the wavelength of the radar radiation Reflection.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a camouflage structure that also with changing Temperature conditions (day / night, sunshine / cloud cover) their effectiveness not lost to reconnaissance in the IR area.
  • camouflage structure in atmospheric windows II and III unites each tends to have a different course of emissivity.
  • the emissivity in the IR range is not simply constant at a certain level, but has at least one spectral range with increasing wavelength falling trend, with the atmospheric windows II and III a special one Importance.
  • camouflage structures which show the temperature (or the IR spectrum) of the air layer close to the ground accept. Namely when the sky is clear is the temperature curve of the soil is significantly different from that of the air. Add to that the The fact that the temperature distribution of the air is much narrower than that of the floor. The adaptation to the air temperature is therefore considered as a whole do not lead to a similarly good camouflage effect as the adaptation to the floor temperature.
  • camouflage is a significant parameter for the floor temperature or for its Is imitation.
  • the quality of camouflage depends on how the zenith temperature is reflected becomes. It is especially the spectral properties of the atmosphere and the Solar radiation to take into account. However, these are not constant in the IR range. but depending on the wavelength. So the basic finding is that a camouflage structure has to be spectrally adapted, with the conditions being appropriately in the tendency to take into account adapted emissivity, if the camouflage effect should go beyond the known.
  • the emissivity is in the upper wavelength range of the atmospheric window II at least 25%, in particular approximately Is 50% lower than in its lower wavelength range. That way an undesirable (not corresponding to the natural or real background) The gloss effect of the camouflage coating can be minimized.
  • the spectral emissivity may be slightly reduced. In the tendency their course can be constant his. In this sense, the value of the relative emissivity can range between Move 0.7 - 0.9 (e.g. by 0.8).
  • the camouflage effect may be adversely affected by the tendency low zenith temperature is reflected too strongly, which in the reconnaissance as "black hole” becomes recognizable.
  • the emissivity should be as high as possible.
  • it is higher than in atmospheric window III.
  • the camouflage structure according to the invention has at least two layers.
  • the lower one is reflective in the IR range.
  • the upper one mainly consists of a material which is transparent in the atmospheric window II, but not in the window III.
  • the top layer is e.g. a pigment coating, which is used for camouflage in the visible Area is responsible.
  • the above-mentioned, transparent only in spectral areas Material of the top layer is then essentially by the (the color pigments including) binder (carrier or matrix made of plastic).
  • the lower layer (primer) mentioned is of a metallic type. As a preferred example be called aluminum.
  • the primer can be as a metal foil or as a vapor-deposited or sprayed-on layer can be formed on a carrier material.
  • the upper layer facing interface of the primer structured three-dimensionally so that the Emissivity of the camouflage structure in the atmospheric window II with increasing wavelength decreases.
  • the three-dimensional structure mentioned can be e.g. generate by that a carrier formed from a fiber material (fabric) has a metallic coating becomes. But it is also possible to use a metal foil (or one coated with metal Film) with a fine embossing of the surface. Another Possibility exists e.g. in a brushed aluminum sheet as an underlayer use.
  • multispectral camouflage is very often required. I.e. it is not enough to ensure the camouflage in the IR range, but at the same time there must be a radar camouflage be created. This allows good camouflage in the radar area achieve that on the one hand the resistance of the metallic coating is suitable is selected and, on the other hand, a three-dimensional shape of the camouflage area is given is.
  • the resistance in the radar range is to be dimensioned so that radar waves in a certain Extent will be absorbed.
  • the (wavelength dependent) resistance is preferably in the range of 30-300 ohms.
  • the resistance can be determined by the choice of the layer thickness, the material of the layer local breakthrough (holes) can be set. Instead of damping the electrical
  • the magnetic field of the radar wave can also enter the field (e.g. by applying a magnetic layer).
  • a fabric or a Laminate a sheet cut (as known for example from US 3,069,796 or DE 1,088,843 is) be attached.
  • This measure has also in the IR area a beneficial effect as it also helps to keep the zenith temperature in the different directions of observation is reflected.
  • Fig. 1 shows the structure of the camouflage structure according to the invention in cross section.
  • a fiber fabric 1 is used as a carrier.
  • This is not only very robust and tearproof, but also has a three-dimensionally structured surface (in the micrometer range) 1.1.
  • the surface is 1.1 by a variety of fine, more or less cylindrical fibers (made of polyester or the like) which are dense lie next to and on top of each other. This creates a three-dimensional quality, which in the manner described below for infrared radiation range from 3 - 5 ⁇ m can have a scattering effect.
  • the surface 1.1 is covered with a metal coating 2, which can be sprayed on, evaporated or possibly even spread on.
  • a metal coating 2 which can be sprayed on, evaporated or possibly even spread on.
  • the setting required for this Conductivity takes place on the one hand through the appropriate choice of material, on the other hand (and above all) by determining the layer thickness.
  • the sheet resistance in the frequency range of radar waves is preferably in the range of a few a few to a few hundred ohms.
  • the (usually very thin) metal coating 2 on a carrier is applied with a three-dimensionally structured surface 1.1, it has on her Top 2.1 itself a corresponding structuring in the micrometer range.
  • a cover layer 3 Since this is in the visible wavelength range Should camouflage (in a known manner), it is designed as a pigment layer. Depending on the intended use of the camouflage, the color of the pigments is rather in the shade of gray or be in the green range.
  • the binder (decisive for the behavior of the top layer 3 in the infrared range) the pigment layer is in the sense of a preferred embodiment of the invention transparent for wavelengths of 3 - 5 ⁇ m (atmospheric window II), but not so for wavelengths from 8 - 14 ⁇ m (atmospheric window III).
  • the transparency of the top layer 3 can be adjusted by the choice of the layer thickness. Is the top layer 3 namely thin enough, then in the atmospheric window III in the end, nevertheless, a certain transparency (and consequently an emissivity at the desired height).
  • the camouflage structure according to the invention can also be formed by a laminate. On such is shown by way of example in FIG. 2.
  • the bottom layer, which is not on one shown carrier can be applied or possibly the same as carrier material is a metal foil 4. It is covered with a cover layer 5, which is of the same design can be like that described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • top layer 5 or at the interface between metal foil 4 and Top layer 5
  • scattering body 6 embedded.
  • the layer structure according to the invention is particularly suitable for camouflage nets. It These are fabric-like or foil-like tarpaulins, which cover the ones to be camouflaged Objects can be thrown. To have a good effect against radar reconnaissance To achieve these camouflage nets are preferably with a suitable leaf cut Mistake. When they are spread out, the ones cut out stand up Leaves open and develop a diffuse scattering effect in the radar range.
  • the emissivity is slightly less than 1.0 (e.g. between 0.65 and 0.9).
  • the emissivity decreases with increasing wavelength. In the present example it drops to almost half of the original value, i.e. to 0.3 - 0.45.
  • the emissivity should be reduced in the atmospheric window III. In the present example it ranges between 0.75 - 0.85. Also in this wavelength range the trend is constant (i.e. neither rising nor falling).
  • camouflage net surface areas with different camouflage structures can be combined on a camouflage net be (in the manner of a patchwork arrangement). It should be noted that the Emissivity according to the invention not at a single point on the network, but instead only considered as a whole (i.e. taking into account a larger area) is fulfilled.
  • camouflage nets are the preferred application, it is not excluded that the camouflage structure according to the invention on the surface of a housing a technical device or a building.
  • the invention creates a camouflage structure which, due to the wavelength-dependent emissivity, is one of the tamper effect can be optimally adapted to specific circumstances.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP98900838A 1997-02-12 1998-02-02 Tarnstruktur Expired - Lifetime EP0912875B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH304/97 1997-02-12
CH30497 1997-02-12
CH30497 1997-02-12
PCT/CH1998/000038 WO1998036234A1 (de) 1997-02-12 1998-02-02 Tarnstruktur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0912875A1 EP0912875A1 (de) 1999-05-06
EP0912875B1 true EP0912875B1 (de) 2001-04-11

Family

ID=4183956

Family Applications (1)

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EP98900838A Expired - Lifetime EP0912875B1 (de) 1997-02-12 1998-02-02 Tarnstruktur

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US (1) US6605340B1 (xx)
EP (1) EP0912875B1 (xx)
AT (1) ATE200570T1 (xx)
AU (1) AU729442B2 (xx)
CA (1) CA2272126C (xx)
DE (1) DE59800617D1 (xx)
DK (1) DK0912875T3 (xx)
ES (1) ES2158665T3 (xx)
GR (1) GR3036196T3 (xx)
IL (1) IL123197A (xx)
PT (1) PT912875E (xx)
WO (1) WO1998036234A1 (xx)
ZA (1) ZA981133B (xx)

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DE19955609B4 (de) 1999-11-19 2004-09-16 Dornier Gmbh Infrarot-Tarnsystem
GB0317363D0 (en) * 2003-07-24 2003-08-27 Omnova Wallcovering Uk Ltd Camouflage covering
US8323778B2 (en) * 2005-01-13 2012-12-04 Webb Alan C Environmentally resilient corrugated building products and methods of manufacture
FR2906021B1 (fr) * 2006-09-14 2008-11-21 Mbda France Sa Couverture de camouflage multispectral.
EP1903295A1 (de) * 2006-09-23 2008-03-26 Ssz Ag Vorrichtung zum Tarnen von Objekten und/oder Personen
US7910504B2 (en) * 2007-10-22 2011-03-22 Her Majesty The Queen As Represented By The Minister Of National Defense Of Her Majesty's Canadian Government Desert camouflage
GB2483267B (en) * 2010-09-02 2014-10-15 Bae Systems Plc Armour assembly
US9777998B1 (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-10-03 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Device for camouflaging an object from infrared and low light cameras
KR101849295B1 (ko) * 2017-08-02 2018-04-16 주식회사 동아티오엘 자카드직기를 이용하여 3중직의 자카드조직으로 제직한 위장복지 및 그 제직방법
CN114087923B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-05-12 中国人民解放军63983部队 一种激光兼容镀膜伪装材料及其制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2272126C (en) 2005-08-09
DK0912875T3 (da) 2001-05-07
DE59800617D1 (de) 2001-05-17
ZA981133B (en) 1998-08-20
PT912875E (pt) 2001-09-28
CA2272126A1 (en) 1998-08-20
ES2158665T3 (es) 2001-09-01
ATE200570T1 (de) 2001-04-15
GR3036196T3 (en) 2001-10-31
EP0912875A1 (de) 1999-05-06
AU5649798A (en) 1998-09-08
WO1998036234A1 (de) 1998-08-20
AU729442B2 (en) 2001-02-01
US6605340B1 (en) 2003-08-12
IL123197A (en) 2003-04-10
IL123197A0 (en) 1998-09-24

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