EP0947798B1 - Tarnmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen breitbandigen Tarnmaterials - Google Patents
Tarnmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen breitbandigen Tarnmaterials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0947798B1 EP0947798B1 EP98123419A EP98123419A EP0947798B1 EP 0947798 B1 EP0947798 B1 EP 0947798B1 EP 98123419 A EP98123419 A EP 98123419A EP 98123419 A EP98123419 A EP 98123419A EP 0947798 B1 EP0947798 B1 EP 0947798B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- camouflage
- applying
- primer
- carrier fabric
- metal coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation a camouflage material and a camouflage material itself, in particular a camouflage material according to claims 1 and 16.
- Camouflage materials In the production of broadband acting Camouflage materials are known layer structures in which several layers with different Emissions / reflectivity superimposed in such a way be that the Tarnbe Anlagenungen with a possibly existing carrier as a whole considers the desired Camouflage in the intended spectral range allow.
- the aim of the camouflage is that one with the Camouflage material covered in the given Wavelength spectrum with respect to the reflection / emission behavior a similar to the natural environment Behavior shows, so that detecting at least difficult, if not impossible.
- Such a camouflage material is for example in the US Patent No. 4,495,239 which discloses a Polymer backing comprises, in one embodiment is plasticized with PVC.
- This PVC serves as Primer for a subsequent metal layer, e.g. may consist of aluminum.
- a subsequent metal layer e.g. may consist of aluminum.
- To protect the metallization becomes a thin layer of an IR-transparent polymer applied, which further as a primer for the subsequent camouflage is used.
- the metal layer is on the one hand for a given reflection in the IR range and on the other hand, along with the cut garnish of the Camouflage material, for a particular reflection and Absorbtions in the radar wave range responsible.
- the camouflage paint works especially in the visible and infrared Range of the spectrum.
- Swiss Patent No. 667 524 another camouflage material are taken, in which a Polyethylene layer is steamed with a metal. Two in Coated polyethylene layers made in this manner are then on adhesive layers on both sides of the Fabric attached.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,348,789 also describes a camouflage material from a Polyester knitted fabric with a hole structure. Here are already incorporated into the polyester knit fabric metal fibers and the Knitted fabric is provided with a polymer layer, what a complicated process means.
- camouflage materials became known, which further improved camouflage exhibit.
- These camouflage materials are based on the knowledge that the quality of a camouflage depends on how good of the Stealth material the soil temperature is assumed and as well the spectral behavior of the sun or the atmosphere be taken into account.
- An attempt is made to place a metal layer directly on top Apply the carrier fabric to the spectral behavior of the Camouflage material and secondarily the to simplify the structural design of the camouflage material.
- at the production of the named camouflage and the finished Product have unforeseen problems resulting in a practicality of the camouflage material conflict.
- the invention is therefore based on the object cost-effective and reproducible method or To provide camouflage material by means of which visible spectral range, the near IR, the far IR and, or the radar wave spectrum a comprehensive camouflage is possible.
- a polymer as a carrier fabric to use which has a polar character. It could be shown that by the Tissue polarity a particularly good adhesion of Metallization on the tissue can be ensured.
- One Applying a primer as often in the state The technique is used to increase the adhesion on the fabric is thus no longer necessary, so that a procedural step could be saved.
- this has the advantage that the important for the scattering effect of the camouflage network Surface structure of the carrier fabric directly on the Metal layer transfers.
- the surface structure becomes the carrier fabric usually designed so that they for the diffuse scattering of incident IR radiation, especially in the atmospheric window II (Wavelength range 3 - 5 am), can contribute. In which thereby a substantially decreasing reflectance achievable in the atmospheric window II of the camouflage material is.
- the carrier material is preferably polar polymers selected. Whereby polyester by their high mechanical resilience advantageous characterize.
- metal for the required multispectral camouflage behavior
- well-suited metal is aluminum.
- Sheet resistance of the aluminum is in particular Areas where an attenuation of radar waves occur can.
- the resistance et al also be adjusted by the layer thickness.
- Metals such as e.g. Silver and / or gold are used can. Also combinations of named metals are conceivable.
- the application of the primer comprises the application a polymer layer on the metallization of the Fabric carrier, so it is of particular advantage when this has polar properties. It will become one compared to polyolefins greatly improved adhesion to Metal achieves and the camouflage material receives in addition one particularly high weather resistance, in particular the fabric metal layer polymer layer structure.
- the water-sensitive metal layer is so safe against Protected against moisture.
- Adhesion resistance of the layers is also high Resistance to mechanical stress given.
- the polymer is so crosslinked, preferably partially crosslinked, that this has an amorphous structure and the layer appears partially transparent, as it is for the natural environment in IR is also often the case.
- the Polymer layer further provides a tissue consolidation certainly, which ensures consistent structures and one good punchability to achieve a cut Garnishing the camouflage material allows.
- flame retardants are used in the polymer layer used.
- Particles such as in antimony trioxide or in according to suitable organic bromine compounds with a distribution of particle size, so in the Embedded polymer layer of the primer, that about 90% the particles have a diameter smaller than 5 ⁇ m have, these possess only very little influence on the emission and reflection characteristics of the Camouflage material or can be this influence accordingly take into account when designing the layers.
- the amorphous structure and the partial transparency of the polymer layer in the IR this is only possible by the flame-retardant agent slightly disturbed.
- polar polymer for the polymer layer are available for example, fully or partially crosslinked polyurethanes and or polyacrylates which have good adhesion to the Metal layer allow a homogeneous embedding of allow flame retardant agents and as a primer for the serve subsequent camouflage.
- This mushroom and bacterial protection preferably comprises a substance Isothiazolinone basis. These are characterized by both high spectrum of activity as well as good Polymer compatibility. That this also makes the amorphous character and partial transparency in the IR of the Polymer not impaired.
- the surface density of the primer is limited to substantially 15 to 16 g / m2, if a green camouflage finish follows on the primer.
- For the carrier tissue has become a universal camouflage material a titre of 550 dtex and a Plain weave 1/1 with a thread setting of warp about 14.5 Fd / cm shot to about 12 Fd / cm with a Thread turn of the chain of about 60 tours and one Thread turn of the shot of 0 turns as well when exposed to this tissue at about 130 mg / m2 Aluminum was coated.
- camouflage material is intended here for the purpose of Description to be called a material which on the one hand to camouflage objects at different Weather conditions and / or environmental conditions and is also suitable for camouflaging objects that have a have higher temperature than the environment.
- camouflage material 1 of a preferred Embodiment of FIG. 1 is a woven carrier fabric 2 made of a polar polymer.
- a carrier fabric made of polyester which has a titre of 550 dtex and a plain weave 1/1 with a thread setting of chain 14.5 Fd / cm too Shot 12.1 Fd / cm, with a thread turn of the chain of 60 turns and a thread turn of the shot of 0 Tours.
- the surface structure of the related Fabric 1 is chosen so that it has a diffuse scattering effect in the atmospheric window II, i. between 2.5 and 5 ⁇ m, on the incident radiation exerts, while the Broadcasting with increasing wavelength in the shows significant falling course.
- a primers 4a and 4b On the Top 4a comprises the primer about 15.5 g / m2 and on the bottom 4b about 23.5 g / m2.
- the primer according to the Figures 1 and 2 has on the metal layer 3 a partially cross-linked polyurethane 6.
- amorphous and in the thermal IR windows II and III or in the Frequency ranges between 2.5 and 5 microns and between 7 and 14 ⁇ m transparent polyurethane is antimony trioxide 7 and / or an organic bromine compound as a flame retardant Embedded funds.
- the crystals have one Size distribution on that about 90% of the particles size have a maximum of 5 microns.
- the polymer layer 6 serves as Protection for the metal layer and as a carrier for the Flame-retardant particles 7.
- a mikrobiocides Equipment 8 for protection against fungal and bacterial attack embedded.
- the primer comprises one Carbodiimide existing additional hydrolysis protection 9.
- the described primer acts for the subsequent camouflage Painting as a primer.
- 4b applied camouflage paint is a special Camouflage paint from the company Schill + Seilacher.
- the camouflage paint is used essentially for camouflage in the visible range. In the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment was on the Top applied a green summer paint 5a and on the bottom an olive-gray winter color 5b.
- the camouflage material has in the range of 2.5 microns to 4 a substantially from about 0.9 to about 0.55 decreasing emission coefficients. It is at an averaged value, which is a dispersion of approx. ⁇ 1.5. In the range between 4 and 7.5 microns, in which the Earth atmosphere is intransparent, goes the Emission coefficient either to its initial value back again or he reaches the value to which he then in Frequency range between 7.5 microns and 14 microns substantially remains constant. This value is about 0.8. A certain dispersion of named values for the According to experience, emission coefficients can not be excluded. This does not change anything principal emission behavior.
- the ready-made material in a conventional manner by a punching process with a Stepped garnish provided, whereby the Reflectance or the diffuse scattering for Radar waves can still be improved.
- Camouflage materials are similarly easy to manufacture.
- the invention will be described as a polar carrier web Polyester related.
- the carrier fabric in others Embodiments of the invention preferably have a titer with 550 dtex and a plain weave 1/1 with a Thread setting of chain between 11 to 16 Fd / cm too Shot between 10 to 14 Fd / cm on with a thread turn the chain between 0 to 120 tours and a thread turn shot of 0 tours.
- the carrier fabric is in different embodiments of the invention with others Metals such as silver, nickel or gold steamed.
- a partially cross-linked polyurethane is used for the polymer layer, which is a polar polymer includes comes in yet another embodiment.
- Flame-retardant agent becomes antimony trioxide and / or used organic bromine compounds.
- the distribution of the particle size of such that preferably 90% of the particle sizes of a maximum of 5 microns have.
- the camouflage material according to the invention has the large Advantage, depending on the specifications of its spectral behavior in terms of emission, absorption and / or transmission due to different environmental conditions or to camouflaging objects to be variable in a wide range. This makes it easy for the particular application, for example, for a winter or a summer camouflage optimal camouflage material, z. B. by variation of Tissue structure, the metal and its layer thickness and / or the applied camouflage one for each Purpose to produce optimized camouflage material. same for for the camouflage of objects compared to the environment have a higher temperature.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Querschnitts eines erfindungsgemäßen Tarnnetzes
- Fig. 2
- eine stark schematisierte Darstellung des Querschnitts der erfindungsgemäßen Grundierung
Claims (18)
- Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Tarnmaterials (1) für das sichtbare Spektrum, das nahe IR und das ferne IR und das Radarwellenspektrum, gekennzeichnet durch die Verfahrensschritte:a) Bereitstellen eines ein polares Polymer umfassendes Trägergewebes (2),b) Entfernen von Webverarbeitungsmitteln und Tensiden des Trägergewebes (2) und Trocknen des Trägergewebes (2),c) Aufbringen einer Metallschicht (3) auf das Trägergewebe (2),d) Aufbringen einer Grundierung (4, 4a, 4b) und eines Tarnlacks auf die Metallschicht (3).
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trägergewebe (2) ein Polyester umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beim Schritt des Entfernens von Webverarbeitungsmitteln und Tensiden des Trägergewebes (2) der benzinlösliche Anteil auf ungefähr unter 0,20% und der wasserlösliche Anteil auf ungefähr unter 0,02% reduziert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens einer Metallschicht (3) auf das Trägergewebe (2) den Schritt der Vakuumierung umfassen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens der Metallschicht (3) das Bedampfen des Metalls auf das Trägergewebe (2) umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens der Metallschicht (3) das Aufbringen von vorzugsweise Aluminium oder einem in der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit vergleichbaren Metalls umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beim Schritt des Aufbringens der Metallschicht (3) das Trägergewebe (2) mit ungefähr 100mg/m2 bis ungefähr 200mg/m2 oder vorzugsweise mit ungefähr 130mg/m2 beschichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens einer Grundierung (4) das Aufbringen eines polaren Polymers (6) beispielsweise eines Polyurethans oder Polyacrylats umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polymere (6) der Grundierung (4) vorzugsweise Voll- oder Teilvernetzung aufweisen.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens einer Grundierung (4) auf die Metallschicht (3) den Schritt des Aufbringens eines Schwerentflammbarkeitsmittels (7), vorzugsweise Antimontrioxid und/oder eine organische Brom-Verbindung, umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schwerentflammbarkeitsmittel (7) eine Partikelgröße von vorzugsweise ungefähr 5µm aufweist.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens einer Grundierung (4) den Schritt des Aufbringens einer Mikrobiozid-Ausrüstung (8) gegen vorzugsweise Pilz- und Bakterienbefall umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Aufbringens einer Grundierung (4) den Schritt des Aufbringens eines Hydrolyseschutzes (9), vorzugsweise ein Polymer auf Carbodiimid-Basis, umfaßt.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grundierung (4) eine Flächendichte von vorzugweise ungefähr 15 bis 16g/m2 auf einer nachfolgend grünen Tarnlackseite (4a) und vorzugsweise ungefähr 23 bis 24g/m2 auf einer nachfolgend olivgrauen Tarnlackseite (4b) aufweist.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorherstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schritte:Aufbringen einer Metallschicht (3) auf das Trägermaterial (2)Aufbringen einer Grundierung (4) und eines Tarnlacks (5a, 5b) auf die Metallschicht
- Tarnmaterial (1), insbesondere nach einem Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 umfassend:ein Trägergewebe (2),eine Metallschicht(3),ein Grundierung (4) zum Abdeckend der Metallschicht (3)undeine Tarnlackierung (5a, 5b) für das IR,
das Trägergewebe (2) ein polares Polymer umfaßt. - Tarnnetz nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trägergewebe (2) einen Titer mit 550 dtex und eine Leinwandbindung 1/1 mit einer Fadeneinstellung von Kette zwischen 11 bis 16 Fd/cm, vorzugsweise 14,5 Fd/cm zu Schuß zwischen 10 bis 14 Fd/cm, vorzugsweise 12,0 Fd/cm aufweist mit einer Fadendrehung der Kette zwischen 0 bis 120 Touren, vorzugsweise 60 Touren und einer Fadendrehung des Schusses von 0 Touren.
- Tarnmaterial (1) nach Anspruch 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Tarnmaterial (1) eine geschnittene Garnierung aufweist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19814908 | 1998-04-02 | ||
DE19814908 | 1998-04-02 | ||
DE19816707 | 1998-04-15 | ||
DE19816707A DE19816707C2 (de) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-04-15 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines breitbandigen Tarnmaterials |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0947798A2 EP0947798A2 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
EP0947798A3 EP0947798A3 (de) | 2001-03-07 |
EP0947798B1 true EP0947798B1 (de) | 2005-02-09 |
Family
ID=26045242
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98123419A Expired - Lifetime EP0947798B1 (de) | 1998-04-02 | 1998-12-09 | Tarnmaterial und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen breitbandigen Tarnmaterials |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0947798B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE289053T1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10216670A1 (de) * | 2002-04-15 | 2003-10-30 | Wolf Dietrich Duttlinger | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines textilen Gitters |
JP4278156B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-31 | 2009-06-10 | 三信製織株式会社 | ジャガード織機用紋データの作成方法および擬装ベルト |
EP1956055A3 (de) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-10-08 | Saab Ab | Emissionsarmes Tarnblatt |
CN101995187B (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-07-10 | 五邑大学 | 红外、雷达新型一体化隐身织物及其制备方法 |
TR201105757A2 (tr) * | 2011-06-13 | 2012-11-21 | Öztek Teksti̇l Terbi̇ye Tesi̇sleri̇ San.Ve Ti̇c. A.Ş. | Çift yönlü kullanım imkânına sahip bir kamuflaj ağı. |
KR101227076B1 (ko) * | 2011-07-11 | 2013-01-29 | 장래영 | 근적외선 분광반사율 조절특성을 갖는 위장직물 |
CN106364106B (zh) * | 2016-08-17 | 2019-05-31 | 浙江盛发纺织印染有限公司 | 一种反侦察装备专用面料 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2750919C1 (de) * | 1977-11-15 | 1984-03-01 | Pusch, Günter, Dr.-Ing., 6903 Neckargemünd | Breitbandige Tarnung militaerischer Ziele |
US4529633A (en) * | 1983-01-14 | 1985-07-16 | Diab-Barracuda Ab | Thermal camouflage |
SE457115B (sv) | 1983-03-25 | 1988-11-28 | Diab Barracuda Ab | Termisk och optisk kamouflage |
DE3810121A1 (de) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-10-05 | Hornschuch Ag K | Tarnnetz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
DE9017747U1 (de) * | 1990-07-21 | 1991-12-19 | C.F. Ploucquet GmbH & Co, 89522 Heidenheim | Tarnnetz |
-
1998
- 1998-12-09 AT AT98123419T patent/ATE289053T1/de active
- 1998-12-09 EP EP98123419A patent/EP0947798B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0947798A2 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
ATE289053T1 (de) | 2005-02-15 |
EP0947798A3 (de) | 2001-03-07 |
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