Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
  • E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
  • E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
  • E21C27/24—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by milling means acting on the full working face, i.e. the rotary axis of the tool carrier being substantially parallel to the working face
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
  • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
  • E21C35/24—Remote control specially adapted for machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
  • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
  • E21D9/108—Remote control specially adapted for machines for driving tunnels or galleries

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for controlling the cutting process of cutting tools of tunneling machines and a device for detecting the depth of penetration of cutting tools of tunneling machines into the face.
• Partial cutting machines require breaking into the face first to dismantle the face.
• the part-cutting machine is moved so that the removal tools penetrate into the face over a predetermined depth of penetration, after which the entire face face is chamfered for driving.
• this break-in process takes place first in the area of the roof, the center of the face or in the area of the bottom of the route.
• exact recording of the actual depth of break of the cutting tool is required.
• a non-driven measuring wheel was carried alongside the crawler chassis of the movable part-cutting cutter.
• the distance covered by this distance measuring wheel during the break-in process is intended to provide information about the depth of break-in.
• dry soles such as in potash mining
• Such a measuring device has proven itself. Measurement inaccuracies, however, result from a different type of sole.
• An exact measurement is usually ensured in the area of road jacking with direction control devices in which the corresponding measurements are carried out by a stationary theodolite.
• the measurement can be carried out using measuring beams, which in turn can be acquired via receiving devices on the tunneling machine and subsequently evaluated.
• separate devices are thus required within the route, and in particular in the case of poor sole conditions and poor visibility in the area of the tunneling machine, distortions of the measurement results cannot be ruled out.
• an indirect distance measurement in which the driving movement of the caterpillar plant is not monitored, does not lead to the desired precision, since slip is not taken into account if the sole is uneven, dirty and wet, so that unusable measurement data can result here.
• the invention now aims to provide a method of the type mentioned, which allows to optimize the cutting performance - each and to automate the mining or. To facilitate tunneling.
• the method according to the invention is characterized in that the depth of break of the scraping tool is recorded and that the recorded measurement data for the depth of break are coupled to a control system in which the geometry of the mining tool is stored and measurement data for the load bearing are taken into account.
• the invention now aims further to create a device of the type mentioned above, with which sufficiently precise measurement results for the burglary depth can be achieved without separate devices within the route, even with poor sole conditions and poor visibility in the area of the tunneling machine.
• the device should have a simple construction, so that operational safety is ensured at all times even in rough driving operations.
• the device according to the invention essentially consists in that at least one distance sensor directed towards the working face is arranged in the front area of the tunneling machine and that the distance sensor is connected to an evaluation device.
• two distance sensors are arranged in the region of the swivel mechanism.
• Such distance sensors can be arranged to be stationary or pivotable together with the swivel mechanism, so that a measurement is carried out immediately in front of and behind the cutting tool and a corresponding comparison is made possible by forming a difference.
• a further improvement of the measurement results by averaging peak values can take place in that, as is in accordance with a preferred embodiment, the distance sensors are arranged pivotably. With such pivotable sensors, a relatively large area of the working face can be scanned, peak values can be filtered out and the measurement result is improved. Direct information about the area in the immediate vicinity of the cutting heads or the cutting tools can be ensured by arranging the distance sensors at the same height as the tunneling machine.
• the break-in depth is evaluated in a particularly simple manner, as already indicated, by forming a difference, for which the sensor signals are fed to a comparison circuit for evaluating the difference between the signals.
• the larger measured value for the distance less the smaller measured value for a distance measured elsewhere immediately gives the depth of the dip and thus the desired information.
• the signals measured at the start of the measuring process can be compared with the geometric data of the tunneling machine and related, so that the output value can be calibrated.
• the output value can be calibrated.
• a further possibility of evaluating measured data for the distance to the working face is that the sensor signals are compared with sensor signals ascertained in the evaluation device from side distance sensors which are known per se. In this way, moving the machine can also be taken into account, such lateral distance sensors being described, for example, in DE-Al 44 39 601.
• Another break-in should generally not be carried out if the loading device has not yet been sufficiently cleared, as otherwise there would be problems with the removal of the cut material.
• the distance sensors directed in the direction of the face also allow additional information here, the design advantageously being such that the sensors and / or a further sensor can be aligned with the lower face area and that the signal from these sensors is also transmitted via an evaluation circuit the drive for the intrusion is connected. If such a measurement results in a high degree of filling of the loading device, a further burglary process can be delayed until the removal has taken place to the required extent.
• FIG. 1 shows a side view of a tunnel boring machine with the device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a top view of the illustration according to FIG. 1.
• Fig. 1 is a movable on a crawler chassis 1 part-cutting machine 2 is shown, the swivel mechanism is designated by 3.
• On the swivel mechanism is a height and laterally pivotable cantilever arm 4, the swivel mechanism itself being pivotable about the axis 5 in the horizontal direction.
• the cantilever arm 4 carries cutting heads 6, which are shown penetrating into the working face over a depth of penetration te in the illustration according to FIG. 1.
• the propulsion movement for quarrying the rock takes place by pivoting the swivel mechanism 3 about the essentially vertical axis 5 in a substantially horizontal direction.
• Distance sensors 7 are arranged adjacent to the swivel mechanism, such distance sensors being arranged on both sides of the swivel mechanism 3, as can be seen in particular from the plan view according to FIG. 2.
• the right-hand distance sensor seen in the machine longitudinal direction is designated by 7, whereas the opposite sensor is designated by 8.
• the sensors 7 and 8 can themselves be arranged in a stationary manner, or else they can be pivoted on the tunneling machine 2.
• the pivoting in a substantially vertical direction leads to a scanning of the face over the area in which the burglary has already taken place, so that the largest measured value corresponds to the distance to the face plus the depth of break te.
• the distance sensors can be designed in a conventional manner, for example as ultrasonic sensors, and can be operated in the manner of an echo sounder. Alternatively, other radiation sources, such as infrared rays, can be used for the sensor, the respective distance being deduced from the difference in the transit time between the transmitted and the reflected * - * signal.
• FIG. 1 shows a pile 10 on a loading device 9, wherein, as shown in FIG. 1, a relatively high degree of filling is possible here depending on the pivoting position of the extension arm 4.
• the distance to the pile 10 can likewise be measured via the sensors 7 or 8 or separate sensors, with a distance that is too short here resulting in the charging device 9 being filled too high. If the filling is too high, the further burglary cutting can be interrupted until the removal is carried out to the desired extent while increasing the measured distance from the pile 10.
• the area in front of and behind the cutting track of the chisel of the cutting heads 6 is measured by the sensors 7 and 8, respectively.
• the cantilever arm 4 is pivoted in the direction of the arrow 11 during the cutting, the greater distance being measured in the track of the cutting heads in the already cut portion, increased by the depth of the break.
• a sensor 8 directed into this track thus measures a higher value for the distance than the sensor 7, so that the depth of breakage te can be determined directly from the difference between these signals.
• the material striking the loading device is transported via a continuous conveyor 12 to the discharge or transfer end 13 of this conveyor and can subsequently be transported away in a conventional manner.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
• Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
• Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
• Gear Processing (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

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ID=3510817

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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• 1996
  • 1996-07-18 AT AT0129696A patent/AT406892B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1997
  • 1997-07-09 AU AU33286/97A patent/AU722290B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-07-09 DE DE59705784T patent/DE59705784D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-07-09 ES ES97929020T patent/ES2134181T1/es active Pending
  • 1997-07-09 EP EP97929020A patent/EP0912816B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-07-09 WO PCT/AT1997/000159 patent/WO1998003770A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-07-09 AT AT97929020T patent/ATE210782T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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