EP0912248B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von feinteiligen stoffgemischen mittels eines magnetischen feldes - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von feinteiligen stoffgemischen mittels eines magnetischen feldes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0912248B1 EP0912248B1 EP97934490A EP97934490A EP0912248B1 EP 0912248 B1 EP0912248 B1 EP 0912248B1 EP 97934490 A EP97934490 A EP 97934490A EP 97934490 A EP97934490 A EP 97934490A EP 0912248 B1 EP0912248 B1 EP 0912248B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ferromagnetic particles
- magnet system
- conveyor
- material mixture
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 131
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
- B03C1/029—High gradient magnetic separators with circulating matrix or matrix elements
- B03C1/03—High gradient magnetic separators with circulating matrix or matrix elements rotating, e.g. of the carousel type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
- B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
- B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
- B03C1/0332—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
- B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for Separation of fine-particle mixtures non-ferromagnetic particles and ferromagnetic Particle by means of a magnetic field, in which the Mixture of substances in a conveying direction over a conveying surface is promoted and magnetic fields with constantly changing Field direction of one on the underside of the conveyor area arranged and moving magnet system with alternating poles (N, S) are generated and the mixture of substances in a conveying direction over that of the magnet system generated magnetic fields migrate on the conveyor surface, the ferromagnetic particles passing through the magnetic field above the conveying surface of the magnetic field are attracted to the conveying surface and deflected from the conveying direction of the mixture of substances and be carried out.
- N, S moving magnet system with alternating poles
- Drum separators for magnetic separation of iron parts from bulk materials known of all kinds.
- magnetic separators for the deposition of relatively large foreign iron parts, such as Tools, excavator teeth, screws, etc., from bulk materials used to provide effective protection for downstream To offer processing machines for the bulk material.
- DE 43 18 459 C2 is a device for discontinuous cleaning of ferromagnetic Known scrap, one with a perforated bottom equipped motorized drum and one Electromagnets arranged below the perforated base having.
- the drum is also cleaned in batches Equipped material that crushes when the drum rotates and the non-ferromagnetic parts by means of the perforated bottom blown compressed air up out of the Can be blown off.
- One is for fine dust Facility not practical.
- DE 32 00 143 A1 describes a method with a Device known in which a vertical Magnetic wheel cylinder with pole strips in the circumferential direction alternating polarity is provided, the rotation Eddy currents and different tangential and radial Forces on non-ferrous materials falling by different conductivity, so that a certain separation of the non-ferrous materials to be sorted can be done by different degrees of deflection.
- From SU-A-1139506 is a method for separating ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic particles known by means of a magnetic field that from on a Rotor arranged permanent magnets with alternating N- and S poles is generated.
- the mixture of substances is in a Direction of conveyance by means of a conveyor belt through the magnetic field with constantly changing field direction promoted, the rotating rotor with the Permanent magnet is arranged below the conveyor belt.
- the ferromagnetic particles become the edge of the Conveyor belt deflected and in a side Storage container collected, the other particles are on Delivered end of the conveyor belt.
- the permanent magnets are under ferromagnetic particles a corresponding inclination with respect to the radius of the Rotors arranged on a disc. °
- a magnetic separator is known from SU-A-1069858, in which the mixture of substances to be separated over an inclined one Conveyor plate is conveyed by gravity and one Magnet system is arranged below the conveyor plate and magnetic fields with constantly changing field directions generated.
- the magnet system performs both Rotation around its own axis as well as around the vertical Axis of the conveyor plate, in the area of Conveying path of the mixture of substances from hitting the Conveyor plate until it leaves.
- the Ferromagnetic particles only leave the conveyor plate after leaving the effective field of the magnet system.
- a magnetic separator is known from EP-A-0342 330, at which a conveyor belt is guided over a rotating drum and inside the drum one with permanent magnets Magnet rotor is arranged so that it is at an area as close as possible to the drum and the one passed Mix of substances is coming.
- a straightening body Concentration of field lines assigned.
- Drum and Magnet rotor rotate in the same direction.
- the invention has for its object a magnetic separator with which it is possible to separate a substance Mixture of substances containing ferromagnetic particles enable, even with a very high degree of purity and low Residual fractions of ferromagnetic particles in the cleaned Fraction.
- Such mixtures of substances are, for example Minerals containing iron particles, ground plastics, Blast furnace and steel works slags, industrial waste etc.
- the known magnetic separators are not suitable for this to separate finely divided mixtures of substances or the get ferromagnetic particles clean.
- they are fine ferromagnetic particles so in the nonferromagnetic Particles that they packed by means of the known Magnetic separator cannot be lifted out of the mixture of substances and are solvable.
- the invention solves the problem of separating from fine-particle mixtures of non-ferromagnetic Particles and ferromagnetic particles with a maximum Particle size up to 1 mm using a magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that for separating particles with a maximum particle size up to 1 mm 3,000 to 50,000 Field changes per minute are generated by the magnet system, consequently ferromagnetic particles move opposite to or in the direction of movement of the Magnet system along that formed by the magnet system Run work path, and so by the magnetic Field change induced forced movement of the ferromagnetic particles on these due to the finely divided Adhesive non-ferromagnetic particles be resolved and a clean separation into one fraction containing non-ferromagnetic particles and a Fraction containing ferromagnetic particles carried out and depending on the size of the ferromagnetic particles and / or the changing speed of the magnet system ferromagnetic particles opposite to or in Direction of movement of the magnet system from the conveying direction of the Mixtures are deflected.
- the magnet system according to the invention can be used as Permanent magnet system or as an electromagnetic Magnet system be formed, in particular it is multi-pole educated.
- the effect of a magnetic field on a ferromagnetic particle in a new arrangement of a preferably multi-pole magnet system on a work path in connection with very fast local magnetic field changes, by a corresponding movement speed of the multipole magnet system are generated in connection with a fixed conveyor area or one related to the speed of movement of the magnet system is relatively very high slowly and in the opposite direction Direction of movement of the magnet system moving conveying surface applied to the mixture of substances to be separated.
- the promotion of the mixture of substances Conveyed area by the action of gravity and / or Vibrations caused by delivery impulses become.
- the magnet system moved opposite to the conveying direction of the mixture of substances becomes.
- the mixture of substances migrates in one Direction of conveyance over that generated by the magnet system magnetic fields on the conveyor surface across Pole arrangement.
- the magnet system in a Conveying surface of the mixture moves parallel plane.
- the method according to the invention is further distinguished characterized in that the ferromagnetic particles by the Exposure to rapidly changing magnetic fields perform rapidly changing magnetic reorientations and a movement opposite to or in the Direction of movement of the magnet system along that of the Execute magnet system-formed work path, and with the so caused by the magnetic field change forced movement of the ferromagnetic particles on them due to the fine-particle mixture non-ferromagnetic particles can be solved and a clean Separation into a nonferromagnetic particle containing Fraction and containing a ferromagnetic particle Fraction is carried out.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible fine-particle mixtures into a ferromagnetic particle containing fraction and a non-ferromagnetic particle containing fraction with a residual proportion of ferromagnetic Particles of up to 0.01% by weight residual fraction in the best case not separable in excess.
- a further improvement in material separation is achieved that the conveying surface over which the mixture of substances is guided and is also guided through the magnetic fields in vibration is added and in this way the mixture of substances loosened up and the discharge of the ferromagnetic particles and the separation of substances is facilitated.
- the mixture of substances via a fixed Conveyed area and constantly using magnetic fields alternating field direction from one on the bottom of the Conveyed area arranged in a parallel plane to Conveying surface rotating magnet system with on a circular ring arranged alternating poles (N, S) are generated and that Mixture of substances in the direction of conveyance above that of the magnet system in the form of an annulus formed on the Conveying area moves, the ferromagnetic particles at Passing through the magnetic field above the annulus attracted to the conveying surface by the magnetic field and depending on the size of the ferromagnetic particles and / or the rotational speed of the magnet system ferromagnetic particles opposed to or in Direction of rotation of the magnet system along the circular path deflected the conveying direction of the mixture of substances and be carried out.
- the process is characterized in that the mixture of substances in a conveying direction via a slowly rotating conveyor drum is promoted and magnetic fields with constantly changing Field direction of one on the inside of the conveyor drum arranged opposite to the direction of rotation of the Conveyor drum rotating magnet system with alternating poles (N, S) are generated and the mixture of substances in the conveying direction over the magnetic fields generated by the magnet system migrates on the conveying surface, the ferromagnetic Particles when passing through the magnetic field above the Conveying area from the magnetic field to the conveying area are attracted and the ferromagnetic particles in Direction of rotation of the drum deflected from the mixture of substances and be carried out.
- the invention proposes a device for Implementation of the process for separating fine particles Mixtures of non-ferromagnetic particles and ferromagnetic particles with a maximum particle size up to 1 mm by means of a magnetic field according to claim 13 before, in which a fixed discharge plate from a non-magnetizable material is provided as the conveying surface is on one side, in the case of an inclined one Conveying area on its higher side, one Has inlet opening for the task of the mixture of substances and one on the opposite side Exit opening for those of the ferromagnetic particles freed fraction containing non-ferromagnetic particles, that a rotating turntable provided with a drive below the discharge plate and parallel to it is arranged extending and on the turntable multipole magnet system with spaced on a circular ring poles arranged from each other (alternating N, S), the Turntable made of a soft magnetic material Back plate of the magnet system forms and in the Discharge plate above the circular ring of the poles, however outside of the entrance opening and the exit opening assigned area at least one
- the fast Rotation of a multi-pole magnet system and with it associated frequent field changes which is the steady Reorientation of the magnetized and according to the predominant field direction aligned ferromagnetic Causing particles causes previously between the there are no ferromagnetic particles ferromagnetic particles that adhere to them are released and by moving the iron particles along the Work shake off and thus also in Direction of conveyance according to gravity with that of Ferromagnetic particles liberate the remaining mixture of substances move over the conveying surface in the direction of gravitation and then without the ferromagnetic particles on the or continue to travel through the magnetic field.
- the fast Rotation of a multi-pole magnet system and with it associated frequent field changes causes previously between the there are no ferromagnetic particles ferromagnetic particles that adhere to them are released and by moving the iron particles along the Work shake off and thus also in Direction of conveyance according to gravity with that of Ferromagnetic particles liberate the remaining mixture of substances move over the conveying surface in the direction of gravitation and then without the ferromagnetic particles on the or continue to travel
- Poles arranged in a circular path should have at least ten Field changes take place with one revolution of the magnet system. This rotates to enable quick field changes System, preferably at least 300 to 1000 revolutions per minute for the magnet system considering the Fine division of the mixture of substances are provided.
- the Process for separating materials also with a device be carried out in which a conveyor drum from a non-magnetizable material is provided as the conveying surface and inside the conveyor drum on a rotatable shaft stored magnetic carrier, on the circumference of which the magnets changing poles are attached and being the magnetic carrier regardless of the conveyor drum opposite to Direction of rotation of the conveyor drum is rotatably driven.
- the conveyor drum is preferably of a flexible type Conveyor belt surrounded by the conveyor drum and one Deflection roller is guided. This is inside the conveyor drum Magnet system mounted on a rotatable shaft and can independent of the drum casing, i.e. the conveyor drum, and the Turn the conveyor belt.
- the Conveyor drum or the conveyor belt only slowly Direction of conveyance rotates at about 2 to 50 revolutions per minute, on the other hand, that arranged within the conveyor drum Magnet system in the opposite direction of rotation Conveyor drum and to the direction of conveyance rotates as fast as is necessary to make 3,000 to 50,000 field changes per minute produce. This depends on the number of poles that are arranged alternately in a circular shape on the magnet system.
- the areas and parts of the device that are not immediate form the magnetic system are preferably made of a non-magnetizable Material, for example stainless steel.
- Field changes of the magnetic field are the ferromagnetic particles of the mixture of substances from the magnet system forced into a migratory movement because of the ferromagnetic Particles always in the direction of convergence of the field lines get dressed by.
- Permanent field changes move through the magnetic field magnetized ferromagnetic particles towards the corresponding field lines and perform along the of the magnetic field influenced working path on the Funding area constant reorientations according to the constantly field change, which is an overhead and Tumbling of the ferromagnetic particles expresses.
- 1 to 4 is an application of the invention Separation of substances is shown, in which a fixed discharge plate is provided, which is inclined is and over which the mixture of substances in the direction of gravity emigrated.
- the magnet system is below the conveying surface arranged in a circular path and rotates with high Speed, making accordingly fast magnetic Field changes are generated on the conveyor area.
- the 1 and 3 comprises a fixed discharge plate 5, which is the conveying surface for the separating mixture of substances.
- The is preferred Discharge plate erected at an angle ⁇ , for example at an angle of 70 ° to the Horizontal.
- Under the discharge plate 5 is with little Distance and parallel to this the magnetic carrier in the form of a Turntable 4 arranged, the rotation of the motor 2 in Direction of rotation D is offset.
- On the turntable 4 are on a circular path in the example shown, see Fig. 2, 28 poles N / S alternately fixed at equal intervals appropriate.
- the poles 3 form the multi-pole magnet system that a corresponding number of field changes along that of the Pole-formed circular path at one revolution of the Turntable 4 in direction of rotation D. The faster the Turntable 4 rotates, the higher the number of field changes per unit, viewed at a specific location, in relation to on the discharge plate 5.
- the mixture of substances to be separated, the material to be applied, as from FIG. 1 and 3 can be seen from above on the application plate 5 via the entrance opening or the entrance area 10 abandoned and falls into due to gravity Direction of conveyance F essentially downwards and - without Exposure to a magnetic field - through the exit opening or the exit area 11 carried out.
- the cover flap 6 and the discharge plate 5 are made of a non-magnetizable Material, for example a corresponding stainless steel, manufactured.
- the discharge plate 5 has at least one, preferably three Discharge openings 51, 52, 53 for the ferromagnetic Particles on, as can be seen in the view of FIG. 3.
- These discharge openings are openings, for example in the form of slots in the discharge plate 5. They are in an area of the circular ring path K on which the poles 3 rotate with the turntable 4 below the discharge plate, arranged, these discharge openings 51, 52, 53 outside the task area 10 and discharge area 11 or can be located at their edge areas.
- the two Discharge openings 51, 52 in the lower region of the Discharge plate are arranged in the conveying direction F considered, narrow elongated slots, so that if possible none non-ferromagnetic mixture of substances through these slots can fall through.
- Another discharge opening 53 is in Direction of rotation of the turntable 4 considered, about 90 ° from that Application area of the discharge plate 5 above the circular path K formed in the discharge plate 5.
- On the bottom of the Discharge plate 5 is in the space between the turntable 4 not below the discharge openings 51, 52, 53 shown gutter for collecting and transporting the falling through the discharge openings provided ferromagnetic particles.
- the discharge openings 51, 52 are each over 90 ° from the Task area 10 removed on the discharge plate 5 above the circular path K of the poles 3 arranged.
- Conveying direction F When the substance mixture is fed through the application area 10 in Conveying direction F affects both ferromagnetic particles 100 and non-ferromagnetic particles 101 containing Mixture of substances in the range 50 to that below the Discharge plate 5 arranged and rotating quickly Magnet system and goes through its alternating magnetic Field, which is indicated by the circular ring path K. At the Pass through this magnetic field in area 50 the ferromagnetic particles magnetized and by the magnetic field lines and effects on the surface of the Discharge plate 5 attracted while the non-magnetizable Particle 101, see also FIG. 4, in the conveying direction F continue to slide freely due to gravity.
- the one that occurs due to the changing magnetic field Movement of the fine ferromagnetic particles 100 proceeds opposite to the direction of rotation D of the turntable 4, namely in the direction of arrows P1. With the ferromagnetic particles However, 100 also become adherent to them non-ferromagnetic particles 101 still on the surface the discharge plate 5 with held or in Direction of movement of ferromagnetic particles 100 co-sponsored. Through the constant movement of the However, ferromagnetic particles 100 are loosened between the ferromagnetic and those adhering to them nonferromagnetic particles 101 that are still in the beginning with the ferromagnetic particles 100 on the circular path K have moved along.
- the device according to the invention and the inventive method allow ferromagnetic Fine particle mixtures containing particles so pure clean that the residual content of ferromagnetic particles is less than 0.01% by weight.
- the speed of rotation of the turntable 4 and the number of Poles arranged in a circular ring the distance and size of which depend on the composition of the finely divided mixture of substances in Quantity and quality.
- the deflection roller 503 is of the same diameter how the conveyor drum can be formed or preferably with a smaller one Diameter than the conveyor drum 500, whereby the Wrapping angle of the conveyor belt 504 around the conveyor drum 500 becomes larger than 180 °.
- the magnet system is on a rotatable shaft 501 supported by the bearings 507a, 507b and rotates in the direction of rotation D regardless of the Conveyor drum 500.
- the conveyor drum 500 is also on the Shaft 501 supported by the bearings 506a, 506b and can rotate independently of the magnet system.
- the magnets 3 are on attached to magnetic carrier 502, which in turn is attached to shaft 501 is attached.
- the conveyor drum with the rotating conveyor belt 504 rotates slowly in working direction F or FD with 2 to 50 Revolutions per minute.
- the magnet system 4 rotates with so many revolutions per minute opposite to Direction of rotation of the drum as necessary to adjust accordingly the number of alternating poles N, S on the circumference of the Magnetic carrier and in relation to the conveying speed F des Conveyor belt approx. 3,000 to 50,000 magnetic field changes each Minute.
- the mixture of substances is on the conveyor belt 100, 101 brought into the working area of the conveyor drum, where under the influence of the alternating magnetic fields magnetize ferromagnetic particles 100 and now the magnetized particles 100 migrate on the Conveyor belt 504, as shown in FIG. 5, begin. This Movement is opposite to the direction of movement Magnet system.
Landscapes
- Non-Mechanical Conveyors (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht der Trennvorrichtung in schematisierter Darstellung
- Fig. 2
- die Aufsicht auf den Drehteller mit mehrpoligem Magnetsystem in Kreisringanordnung
- Fig. 3
- die Draufsicht auf die Trennvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 ohne Abdeckklappe
- Fig. 4
- eine schematisierte Darstellung des Stofftrennvorganges in der Ansicht der Fig. 3.
- Fig. 5
- schematische Darstellung der erzwungenen Wanderung der ferromagnetischen Teilchen
- Fig. 6
- schematische Darstellung der Stofftrennung mittels einer Fördertrommel mit Fördergurt
- Fig. 7, 8
- schematische Seitenansicht und Querschnitt einer Fördertrommel gemäß Fig. 6.
Claims (16)
- Verfahren zum Trennen von feinteiligen Stoffgemischen aus nichtferromagnetischen Teilchen und ferromagnetischen Teilchen mittels eines magnetischen Feldes, bei dem das Stoffgemisch in einer Förderrichtung über eine Förderfläche gefördert wird und magnetische Felder mit ständig wechselnder Feldrichtung von einem auf der Unterseite der Förderfläche angeordneten und sich bewegenden Magnetsystem mit abwechselnden Polen (N, S) erzeugt werden und das Stoffgemisch in einer Förderrichtung über den von dem Magnetsystem erzeugten magnetischen Feldern auf der Förderfläche wandert, wobei die ferromagnetischen Teilchen bei Durchlaufen des magnetischen Feldes oberhalb der Förderfläche von dem magnetischen Feld auf die Förderfläche angezogen werden und aus der Förderrichtung des Stoffgemisches ausgelenkt und ausgetragen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Trennen von Teilchen mit einer maximalen Teilchengröße bis zu 1 mm 3.000 bis 50.000 Feldwechsel je Minute durch das Magnetsystem erzeugt werden, infolgedessen die ferromagnetischen Teilchen eine Bewegung entgegengesetzt zu oder in der Bewegungsrichtung des Magnetsystems entlang der von dem Magnetsystem gebildeten Arbeitsbahn ausführen, und bei der so durch den magnetischen Feldwechsel hervorgerufenen zwangsweisen Bewegung der ferromagnetischen Teilchen an diesen infolge des feinteiligen Stoffgemisches anhaftende nichtferromagnetische Teilchen gelöst werden und eine saubere Trennung in eine nichtferromagnetische Teilchen enthaltende Fraktion und eine ferromagnetische Teilchen enthaltende Fraktion durchgeführt wird und je nach Größe der ferromagnetischen Teilchen und/oder der Wechselgeschwindigkeit des Magnetsystems die ferromagnetischen Teilchen entgegengesetzt zur oder in Bewegungsrichtung des Magnetsystems aus der Förderrichtung des Stoffgemisches ausgelenkt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderung des Stoffgemisches über die Förderfläche durch Einwirken von Schwerkraft und/oder Vibrationen, hervorgerufen durch Förderimpulse, bewirkt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein mehrpoliges Magnetsystem eingesetzt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Magnetsystem entgegengesetzt der Förderrichtung des Stoffgemisches bewegt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stoffgemisch in einer Förderrichtung über den von dem Magnetsystem erzeugten magnetischen Feldern auf der Förderfläche quer zur Polanordnung wandert. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das feinteilige Stoffgemisch in eine ferromagnetische Teilchen enthaltende Fraktion und eine nichtferromagnetische Teilchen enthaltende Fraktion mit einem Restanteil an ferromagnetischen Teilchen, der im günstigsten Fall 0,01 Gew.-% nicht übersteigt, getrennt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stoffgemisch über eine feststehende Förderfläche gefördert wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stoffgemisch über eine unter einem Winkel α von 30 bis 80°, vorzugsweise 45 bis 75° geneigte Förderfläche unter Einwirkung von Schwerkraft fallennd gefördert wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stoffgemisch in einer Förderrichtung über eine feststehende Förderfläche gefördert wird und magnetische Felder mit ständig wechselnder Feldrichtung von einem auf der Unterseite der Förderfläche angeordneten in einer parallelen Ebene zur Förderfläche rotierenden Magnetsystem mit auf einem Kreisring angeordneten abwechselnden Polen (N, S) erzeugt werden und das Stoffgemisch in Förderrichtung über der von dem Magnetsystem in Gestalt eines Kreisringes gebildeten Arbeitsbahn auf der Förderfläche wandert, wobei die ferromagnetischen Teilchen bei Durchlaufen des magnetischen Feldes oberhalb des Kreisringes von dem magnetischen Feld auf die Förderfläche angezogen werden und je nach Größe der ferromagnetischen Teilchen und/oder der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Magnetsystems die ferromagnetischen Teilchen entgegensetzt zur oder in Drehrichtung des Magnetsystems entlang der Kreisringbahn aus der Förderrichtung des Stoffgemisches ausgelenkt und ausgetragen werden. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stoffgemisch über eine sich entgegengesetzt zur Bewegung des Magnetsystems bewegende Förderfläche bewegt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stoffgemisch in einer Förderrichtung über eine langsam drehende Fördertrommel gefördert wird und magnetische Felder mit ständig wechselnder Feldrichtung von einem auf der Innenseite der Fördertrommel angeordneten sich entgegengesetzt zur Drehrichtung der Fördertrommel drehenden Magnetsystem mit abwechselnden Polen (N, S) erzeugt werden und das Stoffgemisch in Förderrichtung über den von dem Magnetsystem erzeugten magnetischen Feldern auf der Förderfläche wandert, wobei die ferromagnetischen Teilchen bei Durchlaufen des magnetischen Feldes oberhalb der Förderfläche von dem magnetischen Feld auf die Förderfläche angezogen werden und die ferromagnetischen Teilchen in Drehrichtung der Trommel aus dem Stoffgemisch ausgelenkt und ausgetragen werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderung des Stoffgemisches über die Fördertrommel durch Einwirken von Schwerkraft und/oder Vibrationen, hervorgerufen durch Förderimpulse, oder durch die Drehung der Fördertrommel selbst bewirkt wird. - Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, bei der eine feststehende Austragsplatte (5) aus einem nichtmagnetisierbaren Material als Förderfläche vorgesehen ist, die auf einer Seite, im Falle einer geneigten Förderfläche auf ihrer höherliegenden Seite, eine Eintrittsöffnung (10) für die Aufgabe des Stoffgemisches und auf der hierzu gegenüberliegenden Seite eine Ausgangsöffnung (11) für die von den ferromagnetischen Teilchen befreite nichtferromagnetische Teilchen enthaltende Fraktion aufweist und ein mit einem Antrieb (2) versehener drehbarer Drehteller (4) unterhalb der Austragsplatte (5) und parallel zu dieser sich erstreckend angeordnet ist und auf dem Drehteller (4) ein mehrpoliges Magnetsystem mit auf einem Kreisring beabstandet voneinander angeordneten Polen (3) (abwechselnd N, S) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Drehteller (4) aus einem weichmagnetischen Material die Rückschlußplatte des Magnetsystems bildet und in der Austragsplatte (5) oberhalb des Kreisringes der Pole, jedoch außerhalb des der Eingangsöffnung (10) und der Ausgangsöffnung (11) zugeordneten Bereiches mindestens eine Austragsöffnung (51, 52, 53) für die ferromagnetischen Teilchen des Stoffgemisches ausgebildet ist und auf der Unterseite der Austragsplatte (5) in dem Zwischenraum zum Drehteller (4) unterhalb der Austragsöffnungen (51, 52, 53) eine Ablaufrinne zum Auffangen und Wegbefördern der durch die Austragsöffnungen hindurchfallenden ferromagnetischen Teilchen vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens so viele Pole abwechselnd aufeinanderfolgend auf dem Kreisring angeordnet sind, daß mindestens zehn Feldwechsel bei einmaligem Umlauf des Drehtellers ermöglicht sind und der Drehteller mit dem darauf befestigten mehrpoligen Magnetsystem mit einer Drehzahl von 300 bis 1.000 Umdrehungen je Minute antreibbar ist. - Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und 10 bis 12, wobei eine Fördertrommel (500) aus einem nichtmagnetisierbaren Material als Förderfläche vorgesehen ist und innerhalb der Fördertrommel (500) ein auf einer drehbaren Welle (501) gelagerter Magnetträger (502), an dessen Umfang die Magnete mit wechselnden Polen (N, S) angebracht sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Magnetträger (502) unabhängig von der Fördertrommel (500) entgegengesetzt zur Drehrichtung der Fördertrommel (500) drehbar antreibbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein mit der Fördertrommel umlaufender flexibler Fördergurt für die Förderung des Stoffgemisches vorgesehen ist, der die Fördertrommel teilweise umschlingt, wobei die nichtferromagnetischen Teilchen von dem Fördergurt bei Abwärtsbewegung nach unten abfallen und die ferromagnetischen Teilchen mit dem Fördergurt entlang der Außenseite der Fördertrommel unterseitig infolge des Einwirkens der magnetischen Felder mitwandern und erst nach Abheben des Fördergurtes von der Fördertrommel nach unten abfallen, so daß die nichtferromagnetischen Teilchen und die ferromagnetischen Teilchen in voneinander getrennten Bereichen anfallen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19629110 | 1996-07-19 | ||
| DE19629110A DE19629110C1 (de) | 1996-07-19 | 1996-07-19 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trennen von feinteiligen Stoffgemischen mittels eines magnetischen Feldes |
| PCT/EP1997/003864 WO1998003266A1 (de) | 1996-07-19 | 1997-07-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von feinteiligen stoffgemischen mittels eines magnetischen feldes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0912248A1 EP0912248A1 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| EP0912248B1 true EP0912248B1 (de) | 2002-02-13 |
Family
ID=7800243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97934490A Expired - Lifetime EP0912248B1 (de) | 1996-07-19 | 1997-07-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von feinteiligen stoffgemischen mittels eines magnetischen feldes |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0912248B1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU3768397A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19629110C1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998003266A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022212061A1 (de) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Separieren von ferromagnetischen Pulverpartikeln von damit vermischten nicht-ferromagnetischen Pulverpartikeln |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPO149596A0 (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 1996-08-29 | Ka Pty Ltd | Particle separator |
| EP3165293B1 (de) * | 2014-07-03 | 2020-01-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Wirbelstromauswahlvorrichtung sowie wirbelstromauswahlverfahren |
| CN110072625B (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2021-09-10 | 澳大利亚赛科劳玛格私人有限公司 | 一种平面磁性分离器 |
| CN112756379B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-01-06 | 浙江富华电子股份有限公司 | 一种软磁铁废料二次回收工艺及设备 |
| CN113578794A (zh) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-02 | 常州武进中瑞电子科技股份有限公司 | 阻值测试分档机 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4217213A (en) * | 1977-08-26 | 1980-08-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for the separation of minute magnetizable particles, method and apparatus |
| DE3200143A1 (de) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-09-22 | Steinert Elektromagnetbau GmbH, 5000 Köln | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum sortieren von leitenden nichtferromagnetischen gemengen |
| SU1069858A1 (ru) * | 1982-06-17 | 1984-01-30 | Оренбургский политехнический институт | Магнитный сепаратор |
| SU1139506A1 (ru) * | 1983-09-28 | 1985-02-15 | Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Горный Институт Им.Артема | Электродинамический сепаратор |
| ES2043920T3 (es) * | 1988-05-19 | 1994-01-01 | Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh | Dispositivo para la separacion de metales no magnetizables de una mezcla de solidos. |
| DE9209279U1 (de) * | 1992-07-10 | 1992-09-17 | Hagemann, Andreas, 7516 Karlsbad | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von ferromagnetischem Schrott |
-
1996
- 1996-07-19 DE DE19629110A patent/DE19629110C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-07-18 DE DE59706395T patent/DE59706395D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-18 EP EP97934490A patent/EP0912248B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-18 WO PCT/EP1997/003864 patent/WO1998003266A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-07-18 AU AU37683/97A patent/AU3768397A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022212061A1 (de) * | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Separieren von ferromagnetischen Pulverpartikeln von damit vermischten nicht-ferromagnetischen Pulverpartikeln |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19629110C1 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
| AU3768397A (en) | 1998-02-10 |
| EP0912248A1 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| DE59706395D1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
| WO1998003266A1 (de) | 1998-01-29 |
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