EP0911453A1 - Méthode pour produire des matériaux légers de construction résistante à la compression et poromère - Google Patents
Méthode pour produire des matériaux légers de construction résistante à la compression et poromère Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0911453A1 EP0911453A1 EP98120045A EP98120045A EP0911453A1 EP 0911453 A1 EP0911453 A1 EP 0911453A1 EP 98120045 A EP98120045 A EP 98120045A EP 98120045 A EP98120045 A EP 98120045A EP 0911453 A1 EP0911453 A1 EP 0911453A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- building material
- lightweight
- lightweight building
- polyurethane
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008202 granule composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing pressure-resistant and breathable Lightweight building materials, the lightweight building material itself and its use.
- a binder such as polyurethane a filler, such as cork granules or cork flour, as loose Fill the fill into a mold and form the molded part by curing. Resulting from it molded parts, for example for medical purposes as a shoe insert or similar can be used. Above all, such molded parts must be elastic in order to to meet the requirements for comfort when wearing.
- EP 0 411 598 B1 also describes a process for producing polyurethane / cork granule compositions, where the polyurethane and the cork grains as Batch filled into a mold and the desired molded parts by heating and compression be formed. Moldings formed in this way are suitable for example for the production of soles for footwear.
- the present invention was based on the object to provide a lightweight material that is pressure-resistant and breathable and at the same time can be produced inexpensively.
- This object is achieved by a method in which filler particles are mixed with a binder wetted and the filler particles wetted in this way are filled into a mold as a loose fill be, the lightweight building material is formed by curing the molded part.
- the filler particles are only wetted with the binder, with as little as possible from the binder used, one obtains breathable, moisture and Light building materials that prevent heat build-up.
- the binder is preferably a plastic and this plastic is particularly preferred a polyurethane.
- polyurethanes consist of an isocyanate and a polyol component.
- diphenylmethane diisocyanate MDI
- PMDI polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- the polyurethane preferably cures at room temperature in a pot life of approximately 30 minutes.
- the polyol component of the polyurethane consists of vegetable oil.
- Vegetable oils include, in particular, sunflower, castor, soy, Rapeseed oil and mixtures thereof in question.
- the invention is not based on use of such vegetable oils.
- all polyols can be used as polyol components are used, which are not used in the polymerization reaction to form the polyurethane or just lightly foam and a pot life of about 30 min. exhibit.
- the filler is preferably selected from the group consisting of cork granules, Expanded clay, expanded pearlite, vegetable fibers and mixtures thereof. Together with the The polyol component mentioned above has the particular advantage that it is a lightweight material can be made essentially from materials occurring in nature exists and its use in the field of ecological building is possible.
- the mold can be shaken during curing. Thereby becomes an intimate connection between the only wetting binder and the Filler reached, but without leading to compression and the pores in the formed Close lightweight building material and prevent breathability.
- the shape after filling the wetted filler particles on their open side essentially full surface with a breathable cover in the form of a coherent Layer of vegetable or artificial fibers or fabrics is provided.
- This Measure may be required to keep the lightweight building material smooth on this side To give surface.
- This effect can be improved by the fact that the cover is pressed against the wetted filler particles. There is only so much pressure as required to cover the entire surface substantially with the surface of the in to connect the filled, wetted filler particles. The pressure so exerted should do not serve to compact the particles themselves.
- the invention also relates to a pressure-resistant and breathable lightweight building material is obtainable by the process according to the invention.
- the invention further relates to the use of such a lightweight material as insulation, in the form of a floor slab, as a wall element and as a roof slab.
- the lightweight building material When using the lightweight building material as an insulating element, its breathability is particularly important to carry.
- z. B. house walls acts according to the invention Insulating element against moisture and heat build-up.
- Insulating element against moisture and heat build-up The use of a very high proportion of natural raw materials possible, which makes the lightweight material also suitable for ecological building.
- the lightweight building material is used in the form of floor panels, the special one exists Advantage that it can be used in conjunction with underfloor heating. This is due to the fact that the breathability of the lightweight building material does not result in heat build-up can. Rather, the heat given off by the underfloor heating becomes even the room, which is provided with the floor tiles according to the invention, given.
- the lightweight building material according to the invention is in principle also suitable as a replacement screed.
- the use according to the invention as a roof tile enables the replacement of roof tiles.
- This has significant advantages in terms of the statics of the house, since roof tiles are a significant one Weight and thus put a great burden on the statics of a house.
- it is necessary to face the roof panel in the form of the lightweight building material to be provided with a waterproof layer.
- This use is advantageous further that the lightweight building material can also be formed in roof tile form, what is easily accessible by appropriate design of the form and what the usual Appearance of a house roof can be preserved.
- plastic fibers can also be used instead of the vegetable fibers.
- the polyol component of the polyurethane used consisted essentially of sunflower, Castor, soybean or rapeseed oil.
- the manufacture of the lightweight building board was in each case performed so that each of the oils mentioned is used as the polyol component has been.
- the ratios of binder and filler are determined on site by a person skilled in the art.
- the filler particles 1 wetted in this way are in the form of a loose bed in one Figure filled with 3 designated plate shape.
- the pot life for curing the polyurethane binder is about 30 minutes, the temperature of the surroundings being about 20 ° C.
- the ambient temperature is set to around 130 ° C, which results in a pot life of about 1 min. revealed.
- the filler particles 1 After filling in the form 3, the filler particles 1 with one in the drawing not shown and known vibrator throughout shaken pot life indicated above.
- the shaking favors the wetting of the filler with the binder.
- it causes the lightweight building material to solidify slightly, which, however, is not sufficient, as in the pressing processes known in the prior art, to reduce or destroy the breathability of the lightweight building material.
- the slight solidification means better placement and alignment of the filler particles to understand each other and causes essentially no compression.
- lightweight building boards are created, either already have the size of the desired panels or are manufactured and made as larger units can be sawn to the desired dimensions at a later date.
- a block of slabs 2 to 3 m long, 1 m wide and 1 deep deep also made 1 m in a suitably large form 3 and then in slices sawn a desired thickness to give the lightweight building boards according to the invention.
- This method of production has proven itself to quickly produce a large number of plates to be able to manufacture.
- the filler particles 1 wetted according to example 1) form within the boundaries 5, 5 ', 5''of the mold 3 and, due to this, form smooth and uniform surfaces.
- an essentially smooth surface is also formed on the open side of the mold 3.
- an approximately full-area cover 7 in the form of a thin paper layer is applied here. Paper is also breathable and light, so that the advantages of the lightweight building board according to the invention are not diminished by the application of this layer.
- a stamp 9 which is not completely shown in the figure, is now applied, the stamp surface 11 of which approximately corresponds to the opening of the mold 3 and thus its open side.
- this stamp 9 is chosen so large that the paper layer is thereby pressed onto the surface of the batch 1 essentially over the entire surface. At the same time, this compensates for the surface in such a way that unevenness and uneven filling of the batch 1 into the mold 3 are compensated for.
- the stamp 9 is then removed again. It should not compress the filler particles.
- the lightweight building material panel produced according to example 1) and optionally additionally according to example 1a) was used as the floor panel.
- the floor slab produced in this way shows a capillary effect, via which moisture and air can be exchanged with the surroundings.
- This floor panel according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable as a covering where there is underfloor heating.
- the floor slab is also pressure resistant. Tests have shown that the compressive strength is sufficient for heavy pieces of furniture, such as cupboards.
- the floor plate of this embodiment is manufactured in the same way as under example 1 and 1a).
- the cover 7 is not paper, but a jute fabric applied the surface of the filler particles 1. All polyol components specified in Example 1) have also been used successfully here.
- Rapeseed oil as the polyol component and PMDI as the isocyanate are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 and mixed with expanded clay as a filler so that there is wetting of the expanded clay particles.
- the procedure is as described in Examples 1 and 1a).
- cover 7 a layer of paper is used.
- the other polyol components specified in Example 1) have also been used successfully.
- Rapeseed oil as the polyol component and PMDI as the isocyanate are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 and mixed with expanded pearlite in such a way that the pearlite particles are wetted. Otherwise the procedure is the same as that given in the exemplary embodiment under 2a). Also the cover 7 again consists of a paper layer.
- Rapeseed oil as the polyol component and PMDI as the isocyanate are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 and mixed with hemp fibers. Otherwise, the procedure is the same as in the exemplary embodiment 1) and 1a).
- the cover 7 also consists of a paper layer.
- a house wall element produced in this way can be used, for example, for the expansion of a Attic are used.
- This house wall element is also manufactured as described under 3a). Instead of Hemp fibers, however, are flax fibers.
- Such a lightweight building material roof panel is manufactured essentially like the floor panel in Example 1b). However, in order to be able to use it as an umbrella system, this is Provide the roof panel with a waterproof layer on the side facing outwards.
- a water-impermeable layer can be in the form of a polyurethane layer, for example are applied in a manner known per se.
- the roof tiles according to the invention are lightweight building material roof tiles.
- the lightweight building material roof panels have the shape of roof tiles.
- they advantageously lack the roof tiles own weight, so that there are considerable advantages for the statics of using the lightweight roof tiles provided house. In doing so, these lightweight building material roof tiles have to be fixed with the surface on which they are attached.
- binder and filler as well as cover. It is of course also possible Manufacture floorboards using hemp or flax fibers or in one other way for insulation, roof panels and / or house wall elements another one large number of possible fillers and / or covers to use. Also as a binder Not only is polyurethane considered, but many other plastics can also be considered Binders can be used.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19747189 | 1997-10-24 | ||
DE1997147189 DE19747189A1 (de) | 1997-10-24 | 1997-10-24 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von druckfesten und atmungsaktiven Leichtbaustoffen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0911453A1 true EP0911453A1 (fr) | 1999-04-28 |
Family
ID=7846608
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98120045A Withdrawn EP0911453A1 (fr) | 1997-10-24 | 1998-10-23 | Méthode pour produire des matériaux légers de construction résistante à la compression et poromère |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0911453A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE19747189A1 (fr) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2000508A3 (fr) * | 2007-06-02 | 2009-11-25 | Glunz Ag | Procédé de fabrication d'un corps de formage léger et flexible à base de fibres contenant de la lignocellulose |
DE102008048541A1 (de) | 2008-09-15 | 2010-04-15 | Härtwich, Erwin | Schicht-Verbundelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US8846776B2 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2014-09-30 | Boral Ip Holdings Llc | Filled polyurethane composites and methods of making same |
EP2853821A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-01 | Köhler, Bettina | Dispositif de chauffage |
DE102014000036A1 (de) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-09 | Erfurt & Sohn Kg | Wandinnenplatte |
US9481759B2 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2016-11-01 | Boral Ip Holdings Llc | Polyurethanes derived from highly reactive reactants and coal ash |
US9932457B2 (en) | 2013-04-12 | 2018-04-03 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Composites formed from an absorptive filler and a polyurethane |
US10138341B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2018-11-27 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Use of evaporative coolants to manufacture filled polyurethane composites |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3004840A1 (de) | 1980-02-09 | 1981-08-20 | G. Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co, 4150 Krefeld | Verfahren zur herstellung von korkgranulat-platten |
EP0354526A2 (fr) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-14 | Jacques Leclerc | Mélange de liège pour sels insonorisants |
US4947611A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1990-08-14 | Michio Otsuka | A wall material, and method of preparing a wall material of soils and vegetable materials |
EP0411598A2 (fr) | 1989-08-02 | 1991-02-06 | Gianfranco Losio | Procédé pour fabriquer des composés de polyuréthane contenant des granulés de liège ou des substances similaires, notamment pour fabriquer des semelles de chaussures, appareil pour réaliser le procédé et produit fabriqué de cette façon |
US5345738A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1994-09-13 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Multi-functional exterior structural foam sheathing panel |
DE19547156A1 (de) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-02 | Felsing Ohg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von weichelastischen Formteilen, insbesondere weichelastischen Dekorationsmitteln zum Einstecken von Blumen und anderen Dekorationsgegenständen, auf der Basis von Korkgranulat |
-
1997
- 1997-10-24 DE DE1997147189 patent/DE19747189A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-10-23 EP EP98120045A patent/EP0911453A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3004840A1 (de) | 1980-02-09 | 1981-08-20 | G. Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co, 4150 Krefeld | Verfahren zur herstellung von korkgranulat-platten |
US4947611A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1990-08-14 | Michio Otsuka | A wall material, and method of preparing a wall material of soils and vegetable materials |
EP0354526A2 (fr) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-14 | Jacques Leclerc | Mélange de liège pour sels insonorisants |
EP0411598A2 (fr) | 1989-08-02 | 1991-02-06 | Gianfranco Losio | Procédé pour fabriquer des composés de polyuréthane contenant des granulés de liège ou des substances similaires, notamment pour fabriquer des semelles de chaussures, appareil pour réaliser le procédé et produit fabriqué de cette façon |
US5345738A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1994-09-13 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Multi-functional exterior structural foam sheathing panel |
DE19547156A1 (de) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-02 | Felsing Ohg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von weichelastischen Formteilen, insbesondere weichelastischen Dekorationsmitteln zum Einstecken von Blumen und anderen Dekorationsgegenständen, auf der Basis von Korkgranulat |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2000508A3 (fr) * | 2007-06-02 | 2009-11-25 | Glunz Ag | Procédé de fabrication d'un corps de formage léger et flexible à base de fibres contenant de la lignocellulose |
DE102008048541A1 (de) | 2008-09-15 | 2010-04-15 | Härtwich, Erwin | Schicht-Verbundelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US8846776B2 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2014-09-30 | Boral Ip Holdings Llc | Filled polyurethane composites and methods of making same |
US9481759B2 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2016-11-01 | Boral Ip Holdings Llc | Polyurethanes derived from highly reactive reactants and coal ash |
US9932457B2 (en) | 2013-04-12 | 2018-04-03 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Composites formed from an absorptive filler and a polyurethane |
US10324978B2 (en) | 2013-04-12 | 2019-06-18 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Composites formed from an absorptive filler and a polyurethane |
EP2853821A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-01 | Köhler, Bettina | Dispositif de chauffage |
DE102014000036A1 (de) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-09 | Erfurt & Sohn Kg | Wandinnenplatte |
US10138341B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2018-11-27 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Use of evaporative coolants to manufacture filled polyurethane composites |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19747189A1 (de) | 1999-04-29 |
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