EP0908674A1 - Procédé pour la combustion de déchets dans un incinérateur et pour le traitement des scories provenants de l'incinération - Google Patents

Procédé pour la combustion de déchets dans un incinérateur et pour le traitement des scories provenants de l'incinération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0908674A1
EP0908674A1 EP97810771A EP97810771A EP0908674A1 EP 0908674 A1 EP0908674 A1 EP 0908674A1 EP 97810771 A EP97810771 A EP 97810771A EP 97810771 A EP97810771 A EP 97810771A EP 0908674 A1 EP0908674 A1 EP 0908674A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary kiln
fraction
waste
slag
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP97810771A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
John Millard
Hans Rüegg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to EP97810771A priority Critical patent/EP0908674A1/fr
Priority to TW087116553A priority patent/TW368585B/zh
Priority to NO984698A priority patent/NO984698L/no
Priority to US09/168,994 priority patent/US6095064A/en
Priority to KR1019980042445A priority patent/KR19990037009A/ko
Priority to JP10289487A priority patent/JPH11190510A/ja
Publication of EP0908674A1 publication Critical patent/EP0908674A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50209—Compacting waste before burning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of thermal waste treatment. she relates to a method for incinerating waste in an incinerator and for the preparation of the slag from this waste incineration.
  • the grate combustion process is usually used to burn household waste used.
  • the garbage is mechanically inclined horizontally or horizontally Level moves and at the same time with combustion air passing through from below the rust enters the garbage bed, flows through.
  • the incombustible part of the waste will discharged from the incinerator as rust ash or slag.
  • the grate firing process for waste with a calorific value of over 6500 kJ / kg can be used excellently, it is for burning garbage not suitable with lower heating values, because in this case to dry the Garbage requires a high preheating of combustion air, which is disadvantageous high strength and corrosion problems of the rust coating.
  • EP 0 372 039 B1 describes a process for treating the slag from waste incineration plants known in which the slag dry from the incinerator is carried out, a rough cleaning (removing unburned Coarse goods and magnetic parts) is subjected, and then the coarse cleaned slag is separated into at least two fractions and one fraction all particles that are smaller than 2 mm are assigned. This procedure lies based on the knowledge that the fine fraction was largely the original contains pollutants contained in the slag. The fine fraction undergoes special treatment supplied while the coarse fraction z. B. is suitable as a building material.
  • the first measure either leads to a large rotary kiln or too little throughput
  • the second measure leads to Melting the slag with great wear on the lining material and thus too high treatment costs. For these reasons, in practice is mostly only hazardous waste burned in a rotary kiln, because of its different In turn, consistency cannot be treated in the grate.
  • the application is for low calorific value waste with a particularly high water content the countercurrent principle in the rotary kiln advantageous, d. H. the waste-slag path runs in the opposite direction to the combustion air / flue gas path.
  • the vapors from the drying zone go directly into the combustion chamber derived without burdening the rest of the furnace of the rotary kiln. This means that the waste is ignited earlier, a shorter drum is sufficient for complete burnout.
  • Rotary kilns are operated with a large excess of air from 2.0 to 3.0 (K. J. Thomé-Kozmiensky: Thermal waste treatment. EF publishing house for Energy- undmaschinetechnik GmbH, 2nd edition, 1994, p. 239), which is too high NOx values, which are as low as possible for environmental reasons should be.
  • the invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. You have the task based on an effective and inexpensive method of incinerating waste in an incinerator and to treat the slag from this waste incineration to create which with a robust and simple technique too is realized, which can also be used for waste with a low calorific value and at which only produces low NOx emissions. In addition, one of pollutants depleted slag is created, which should be processed so that the Residues can be used in other processes.
  • this is done in a method for incinerating waste an incinerator and to treat the slag from this waste incineration, in which the slag is discharged dry from the incinerator and is separated directly into at least two fractions, the first Fraction with a particle size up to about 32 mm separated in a first sieving stage and the sieve diarrhea is fed to a second classification stage to separate the fine fraction 0 ... 2 mm, and the fine fraction a special treatment is fed in that the garbage is in a rotary kiln is burned, and that the fine fraction 0..2 mm from the slag processing returned to the rotary kiln on the air inlet side and burned there becomes.
  • the fine fraction can preferably be by means of a burner, but also be burned using a fluidized bed process.
  • the advantages of the invention are that during combustion in a rotary kiln typical low ash burnout is increased and the slag in one state depleted of pollutants.
  • the mechanical complexity of the rotary kiln used for waste incineration is compared to the previously preferred combustion grates low. Through this simple The technique can also be used in developing and emerging countries without any problems deploy.
  • the light fraction contains all particles ⁇ 2 mm. It is returned to the rotary kiln and burned in a burner, causing a temperature increase at the cold air inlet end of the rotary kiln.
  • the rotary kiln with a waste incineration Calorific value ⁇ 7 MJ / kg is operated in the counterflow principle. If the combustion air inserted into the rotary kiln at the opposite end for waste disposal then it causes the hot flue gases to heat up convection and radiation very efficiently to the rotary pipe lining and dispose of the garbage, be used very well to dry the wet garbage can and therefore good combustion is possible.
  • the method according to the invention is also excellent for combustion suitable for waste with a high calorific value (greater than 7 MJ / kg).
  • the rotary kiln is operated using the direct current principle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic diagram of the method according to the invention in a first Design variant.
  • Garbage 1 with a low calorific value (4.5 MJ / kg) be burned.
  • waste 1 consists of 28.5% flammable material, 46.9% water and 24.6% ash.
  • Such a garbage composition is typical for Asian countries and developing countries, for example.
  • the garbage 1 is a rotary kiln via a feed device, not shown 2 fed.
  • the garbage 1 in a press 3 before entering the rotary kiln are mechanically precompressed, the press 3 being advantageous can be integrated into the loading device.
  • the rotary kiln 2 in this first embodiment has a length of 25 m and a diameter of 5 m. It is operated according to the countercurrent principle, that is to say the waste 1 is fed in at the upper end of the rotary tube inclined in the conveying direction of the waste 1 and the combustion air (primary air 4) is fed in via a fan 5 at the lower end of the rotary tube. The waste-slag path thus runs in the opposite direction to the combustion air-flue gas path.
  • An afterburner chamber 6 connects to the upper end of the rotary kiln 2. The secondary air 8 is fed into the afterburning chamber 6 by means of a blower 7.
  • the temperature at the end of the afterburning chamber 6 is approximately 850 ° C.
  • the rotary kiln 2 is operated sub-stoichiometrically, that is, with an air ratio ⁇ 1.
  • the amount of primary air 4 supplied is 39,000 Nm 3 / h
  • the amount of flue gas at the upper end of the rotary tube is 63,400 Nm 3 / h
  • the amount of flue gas at the outlet of the afterburning chamber 6 98,000 Nm 3 / h.
  • the garbage 1 is continuously fed into the rotary kiln 2 and through the oven 2 transported. It is heated to a temperature of> 500 ° C and the flammable components are burned.
  • the slag (ash) 9 becomes dry, i.e. without quenching in a water bath, carried out and a dry or semi-dry sorting and classification process subjected such as this, for example, in EP 0 722 777 A1, EP 0 691 160 A1 or EP 0372 039 B1 are described.
  • Fig. 2 again illustrates the slag processing for the first embodiment in detail.
  • the slag 9 leaving the rotary kiln 2 is in a first sieve stage 17 sieved on a roller grate, the sieve diarrhea ⁇ 32 mm of a second classification stage 18, in this case a zigzag air classifier is fed.
  • the sieve diarrhea becomes the first sieving stage 17 into a carbon-rich light fraction (fine fraction 14) and an inert one Heavy fraction 19 separated.
  • the light fraction 14 can now also with Carbon 15 can be enriched or returned directly to the rotary kiln become.
  • Only a part of the light fraction can be used as required 14 are returned to the furnace 2.
  • the screen overflow> 32 mm is with the inert heavy fraction 19 from the zigzag wind sifter merged and by means of iron or non-ferrous metal separator 20 from its metallic components Cut.
  • the screen overflow> 32 mm is after scrapping and crushing returned to the rotary kiln 2.
  • the problem is unburned coarse particles, such as B. books and melons. You can either sort them out by hand and be recycled, or it will be the whole coarse fraction after crushing returned to the oven.
  • FIG. 3 shows a basic diagram of the method according to the invention in a second Design variant.
  • Garbage 1 with a high calorific value > 7 MJ / kg
  • the procedure 3 differs from the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 1 only in that the rotary kiln 2 operated in the direct current principle will, d. H. at the upper end of the rotary tube inclined in the conveying direction of the waste 1 both the garbage 1 and the combustion air (primary air 4), the was previously compressed in a compressor 5, supplied.
  • the waste-slag path thus runs in the same direction to the combustion air-flue gas path.
  • part or all of the fine part of the slag is here was previously carried out dry from the rotary kiln 2 and a dry one Sorting / classification has been made in the upper end of the rotary kiln returned.
  • a dry one Sorting / classification has been made in the upper end of the rotary kiln returned.
  • combustion air is preheated. That can e.g. B. happen in a radiation cooler through the hot flue gases, or Combustion air is first used to cool the Rotary tube outer jacket used and preheated.
EP97810771A 1997-10-13 1997-10-13 Procédé pour la combustion de déchets dans un incinérateur et pour le traitement des scories provenants de l'incinération Ceased EP0908674A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97810771A EP0908674A1 (fr) 1997-10-13 1997-10-13 Procédé pour la combustion de déchets dans un incinérateur et pour le traitement des scories provenants de l'incinération
TW087116553A TW368585B (en) 1997-10-13 1998-10-06 Method for the incineration of refuse in an incineration furnace and for treating the slag from the refuse incineration
NO984698A NO984698L (no) 1997-10-13 1998-10-08 FremgangsmÕte for forbrenning av avfall i en forbrenningsovn og for behandling av slagget fra avfallsforbrenningen
US09/168,994 US6095064A (en) 1997-10-13 1998-10-09 Method for incinerating refuse and for treating the resulting slag
KR1019980042445A KR19990037009A (ko) 1997-10-13 1998-10-10 소각로에서의 폐기물 소각 및 폐기물 소각으로부터의 슬래그 처리 방법
JP10289487A JPH11190510A (ja) 1997-10-13 1998-10-12 焼却炉内でごみを焼却するための、及びごみ焼却により生じるスラグを処理するための方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97810771A EP0908674A1 (fr) 1997-10-13 1997-10-13 Procédé pour la combustion de déchets dans un incinérateur et pour le traitement des scories provenants de l'incinération

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0908674A1 true EP0908674A1 (fr) 1999-04-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810771A Ceased EP0908674A1 (fr) 1997-10-13 1997-10-13 Procédé pour la combustion de déchets dans un incinérateur et pour le traitement des scories provenants de l'incinération

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6095064A (fr)
EP (1) EP0908674A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11190510A (fr)
KR (1) KR19990037009A (fr)
NO (1) NO984698L (fr)
TW (1) TW368585B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0952391A2 (fr) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-27 Dr. Schoppe Technologie GmbH Procédé et dispositif de combustion complète des combustibles en morceaux contenant des cendres
DE10060381A1 (de) * 2000-12-05 2002-06-13 Krupp Polysius Ag Anlage und Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von stückigem Material
DE10213788B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2007-04-26 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Verbrennungsanlage

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10213790B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2006-05-24 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Abfallverbrennung in einer Abfallverbrennungsanlage
DE10213789B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2006-04-20 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Behandlung von Verbrennungsrückständen einer Verbrennungsanlage
KR100538473B1 (ko) * 2002-10-02 2005-12-22 이응창 가압추출기의 덮개 개폐장치
CA2961423C (fr) * 2014-09-16 2019-02-26 Hitachi Zosen Inova Ag Procede et dispositif de traitement de scories produites dans une chambre de combustion d'un incinerateur de dechets
JP6586359B2 (ja) * 2015-12-07 2019-10-02 川崎重工業株式会社 灰排出システム
CN113048485A (zh) * 2021-05-10 2021-06-29 上海瑢域节能环保科技有限公司 具有金属回收功能的垃圾焚烧设备

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4107200A1 (de) * 1991-03-06 1992-09-10 Siemens Ag Verfahren und anlage zur thermischen abfallbehandlung
EP0686809A1 (fr) * 1994-06-10 1995-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode et dispositif pour le traitement de déchets
US5592888A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for disposing of waste

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4542703A (en) * 1984-10-19 1985-09-24 Msp, Inc. Counter current incineration unit
DE3811820A1 (de) * 1987-08-03 1989-02-16 Siemens Ag Verfahren und anlage zur thermischen abfallentsorgung
CH687441A5 (de) * 1988-10-13 1996-12-13 Abb Management Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Schlacke aus Abfallverbrennungsanlagen
US5207176A (en) * 1990-11-20 1993-05-04 Ici Explosives Usa Inc Hazardous waste incinerator and control system
TW277101B (en) * 1995-01-21 1996-06-01 Abb Man Ag Process for treating slag from refuse incineration plants

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4107200A1 (de) * 1991-03-06 1992-09-10 Siemens Ag Verfahren und anlage zur thermischen abfallbehandlung
US5592888A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for disposing of waste
EP0686809A1 (fr) * 1994-06-10 1995-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode et dispositif pour le traitement de déchets

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
F.G.SIMON ET AL.: "InRec-Verfahren- Verwertung von Reststoffen aus der thermischen Abfallbehandlung", ABB TECHNIK, no. 9, 1995, pages 15 - 20, XP002059095 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0952391A2 (fr) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-27 Dr. Schoppe Technologie GmbH Procédé et dispositif de combustion complète des combustibles en morceaux contenant des cendres
EP0952391A3 (fr) * 1998-04-17 2000-03-01 Dr. Schoppe Technologie GmbH Procédé et dispositif de combustion complète des combustibles en morceaux contenant des cendres
DE10060381A1 (de) * 2000-12-05 2002-06-13 Krupp Polysius Ag Anlage und Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von stückigem Material
DE10060381B4 (de) * 2000-12-05 2007-10-18 Polysius Ag Anlage und Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von stückigem Material
DE10213788B4 (de) * 2002-03-27 2007-04-26 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen aus einer Verbrennungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6095064A (en) 2000-08-01
NO984698D0 (no) 1998-10-08
TW368585B (en) 1999-09-01
NO984698L (no) 1999-04-14
KR19990037009A (ko) 1999-05-25
JPH11190510A (ja) 1999-07-13

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