EP0904415B1 - Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0904415B1
EP0904415B1 EP97924927A EP97924927A EP0904415B1 EP 0904415 B1 EP0904415 B1 EP 0904415B1 EP 97924927 A EP97924927 A EP 97924927A EP 97924927 A EP97924927 A EP 97924927A EP 0904415 B1 EP0904415 B1 EP 0904415B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reduction
gas
reduction shaft
shaft
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97924927A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0904415A1 (de
Inventor
Bogdan Vuletic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Voest Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH
Publication of EP0904415A1 publication Critical patent/EP0904415A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0904415B1 publication Critical patent/EP0904415B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to Preamble of claim 1.
  • Part of the remaining gap volume is filled with fine particles, which are introduced with the raw material and partly in the reduction shaft by reducing the iron carriers or calcining the additives.
  • the absorption capacity of the reduction shaft for this is severely limited, since a larger part of the gap volume for the flow of the reduction gas through the bed must be preserved, so that the minimum amount of specific reduction gas required for the reduction of the iron oxides and the calcination of the additives with moderate and limited pressure loss can be passed through the reduction shaft. If a certain pressure loss, which is dependent on the grain size, the grain composition and the gap volume of the bed, is exceeded, the known "hanging" of the bed and the formation and passage of part of the reducing gas through the channels occur without being involved in the reduction process.
  • the result of this is a low degree of metallization, a low carburization of the sponge iron, a low degree of calcination of the additives, a low performance of the plant and a poor quality of the pig iron.
  • a minimum specific amount of the reducing gas is required, which is passed through the reduction shaft without channel formation and without the bed becoming stuck.
  • This specifically required amount of reducing gas depends on the degree of oxidation of the reducing gas, the iron content of the iron oxides, the decomposition properties of the iron oxides used at low temperatures, the amount and the decomposition properties of the additives and other factors and is approximately 1050 m n 3 reducing gas per ton of iron oxides.
  • bricked-up hot gas cyclones with moderate efficiency are used as dedusting units for the reducing gas used, so that this still contains considerable amounts of dust and thus there is a relatively small margin for the specific amount of reducing gas upwards.
  • a device is already known from JP-A-52294127 for the production of sponge iron from iron oxides in a reduction shaft using a reduction gas known. This will work across several in the same Height arranged on the circumference of a reduction shaft Gas inlets introduced into the reduction shaft. In addition, this is below the level side gas inlets another gas inlet for the Reduction gas in the radial center of the reduction shaft intended. This gas inlet is through the inner open end of a radially from the outside to the middle of the reduction shaft pipe formed, which is closed in its longitudinal direction and the reducing gas through its outer open end is fed. This measure is intended to more uniform reduction of iron oxides over the Shaft cross-section can be reached. The problem the introduction of a dust-laden reducing gas is not discussed here.
  • US-A-4 118 017 discloses an apparatus for the production of sponge iron from iron oxides in a reduction shaft using a hot reducing gas, which is about in the middle Height of the reduction shaft over several others Scope arranged gas inlets is supplied. At the the lower end tapers, this end consisting of several interlocked frustoconical sections. On the outside Each of these sections contains gas inlets for used as cooling gas for the sponge iron cold reducing gas. Again, is not on the problem of using a dust-laden Reduced gas received.
  • fed cylindrical reduction shaft 1 has a flaring down Cross section and has a in its upper area A. Taper of about 2 °, in its middle, about 5 m high area B a taper of about 0.5 ° and in its lower area C, about 2 m high, has a conicity from 2.5 ° to. Furthermore, he has in his lower Area of several funnel-shaped product outlets 5, only two of which are shown in FIG. 1 and six in FIG. 2 are. The preferably funnel-shaped Extensions or connecting lines 5a of the product outlets 5 lead directly into the horizontal or slightly arched bottom of the reduction shaft 1.
  • the product outlets 5 are by internals made of refractory material, namely partitions 9 and a conical block 10 in the radial center of the reduction shaft 1 with water or nitrogen-cooled Brackets 6 formed.
  • a water-cooled Carrier 12 with a protective tube 13 surrounding it and insulation in the lower area between them eccentrically arranged tubes as well as a placed on the carrier 12 and down open channel 11 in the form of a half-pipe shell with elongated side walls is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the carrier 12 with the channels 11 are above the product outlets 5 arranged and are with its radially inner end on the brackets 6 of the Blocks 10 supported from refractory material.
  • In the Channels 11 and lines 8 are reducing gas from the outside initiated, as indicated by arrows 15.
  • a normal operation of such a system with the Initiation of a hot, dusty and carbon monoxide rich Reduction gas only on the circumference of the reduction shaft 1 via a bustle channel 2 and reducing gas inlets 3 is when using piece ore only good with smaller ones and when using pellets Quality possible with larger reduction shafts.
  • a diameter of the Reduction shaft of about 5 to 6 m can serve as a limit viewed between these two embodiments become.
  • funnel-shaped connecting lines 5a on the bottom of the reduction shaft 1 welded or with flange connections are attached and the funnel-shaped product outlets Extend 5 is a steep one, for slipping of the material required angle and at the same time a greater height of the bed than gas barrier for reducing the pressure difference between the melter and the reduction shaft 1.
  • the introduction of part of the reducing gas over the inlets 15 in the radially central region of the Reduction shaft 1 should be about 2 m below the Level of the side reducing gas inlets 3 through at least one channel 11 each made of heat-resistant Steel and / or a water-cooled line 8, the preferably directly above each product outlet 5 or are arranged above each intermediate wall 9, respectively.
  • the channels 11 for the introduction and distribution of the reducing gas are in the form of half-pipe shells made of heat-resistant steel with extended side walls executed and from above on the water-cooled tubular support 12 placed so that the extended sides of the half-pipe shells after form open channels 11 at the bottom.
  • This version has the advantage that the wide horizontal or light downward sloping open channels 11 not with material or clog dust that very large Areas of the bed for the introduction of the reducing gas stand by and that through a quick downward sinking and strongly loosened fill good conditions for deposition in this area the dust from the introduced reducing gas and for the removal of the in the upper areas separated dust can be created.
  • the dusty one Reducing gas is applied across the entire cross section of the reduction shaft 1 access in allows less dusty areas of the fill.
  • the lower volume part of the reduction shaft 1, which is almost a third of the volume of the Reduction shaft 1, which as Gas barrier serves and does not participate in the reduction process, is by introducing colder reducing gas for a stronger carburization and residual reduction of the sponge iron. This allows the reduction zone and thus the entire reduction shaft be built smaller and lighter, which makes Medium-sized reduction shafts with a total weight of about 1500 tons and more as well as one large span of the beams a considerable advantage results.
  • a higher carbon content and a higher metallization of the iron sponge reduce the energy requirement of the melter gasifier and contribute to a more uniform Operation and better quality of cast iron at.
  • the reducing gas is therefore on the Inlets 15 with a lower temperature than that of the remaining reducing gas supplied to better Conditions for carburizing the sponge iron in the to create the lower region of the reduction shaft 1.
  • a 50 ° to 100 ° C lower is considered optimal Temperature for this partial flow of the reducing gas to watch.
  • Another cooling down to about 650 ° C, which is ideal for carburizing the sponge iron would, however, would cool down in the Center of the shaft and thus to a lower metallization lead in this area.
  • the Half-pipe shells of channels 11 with the extended ones side walls can be made in one piece or with very few welds at uncritical points are manufactured and serve as wear protection and Thermal insulation for the water-cooled beams 12. Um to keep the heat losses of the beams 12 low, they are made with the additional protective tube 13 heat-resistant steel.
  • the lower, temperature more stressed area between the two tubes lying eccentrically to each other stuffed with insulating wool 14, and the protective tube 13 is preferably in the upper region transverse to it Slotted axially at a certain distance to a Deformation due to different heat loads avoid.
  • the carrier 12 and / or the lines 8 are in the wall of the reduction shaft 1 and on the embedded in the partitions 9 and the block 10 Brackets 6 supported so that none long and strong carrier 12 and / or lines 8 for the construction of large reduction shafts required are. It is advantageous to use the conical block 10 embedded brackets 6 for supporting the Pipe support 12 and the channels 11 to use.
  • the conicity of the reduction zone of the Reduction shaft 1 are the amount of dust entered, the swelling of the iron oxides, the decay properties and grain composition of the iron oxides and additives and the content of carbon monoxide in the Reducing gas to be considered.
  • the area of the side inlets 3 for the reducing gas up to a height of about 2 m above which the largest Dust and the greatest risk of sticking of the fill will be high conicity of about 2.5 ° so that the bed opens and can pick up the dust.
  • Another strong one Reducing the cross section upwards would be for that Intake of the dust is beneficial, but it would too a greater increase in the specific pressure drop in the upper areas of the reduction shaft 1 due to an increase in gas temperature or gas velocity to lead.
  • the loading of the reduction shaft 1 with iron oxides, which may be mixed with additives are done via the in the upper area in a circle with the center in the longitudinal axis of the Reduction shaft 1 arranged manifolds 4. Their number is at least twice that Number of product outlets 5.
  • the manifolds should be in two Circles and larger numbers can be built in to the To minimize segregation of the corrugation and a reinforced Gas flow in the edge area and in the middle the reduction shaft, due to a strong M-profile, to avoid.
  • the distribution pipes 4 are symmetrical arranged to the axes of the product outlets 5.
  • the in the middle area of the reduction shaft 1 through the inlets 15 introduced amount of the reducing gas is medium in the case of reduction shafts Size advantageous at about 30% of the total Reducing gas, so that a large outer ring with about 70% of the reducing gas over the Bustlekanal 2 and the inlets 3 is supplied.
  • the amount of gas is also reduced by about 30% Loading of the fill in this area with the Dust around 30%, causing the formation of channels and stuck the bed in a normal Operation is no longer expected.
  • a smaller one Part of the introduced via the downwardly open channels 11 Reducing gas is also in the outer ring, the main amount, however, in the radially central area into the less dusty bed of the reduction shaft 1 flow into it. With large reduction shafts becomes the introduced amount of the reducing gas in the radially central area of the reduction shaft increase accordingly.
  • the carriers 12 also carry one large part of the weight of the material column above, so they put the bulk in the production outlets 5 relieve and loosen it up and in this funnel-shaped areas narrowed downwards does not come to bridging.
  • the channels 11 can be star-like or parallel to each other be installed.
  • the leads to these are laid on a slope so that this through dust deposits and kicking back the bed in the event of pressure fluctuations in the system do not clog.
  • the elongated side walls of the open to the bottom Channels 11 are stiffened at certain intervals and spacers 16 so that a Narrowing of the canal by pressing together parallel walls avoided by the fill becomes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP97924927A 1996-06-12 1997-05-30 Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm Expired - Lifetime EP0904415B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19625127 1996-06-12
DE19625127A DE19625127C2 (de) 1996-06-12 1996-06-12 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Eisenschwamm
PCT/DE1997/001127 WO1997047773A1 (de) 1996-06-12 1997-05-30 Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0904415A1 EP0904415A1 (de) 1999-03-31
EP0904415B1 true EP0904415B1 (de) 2001-08-08

Family

ID=7797790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97924927A Expired - Lifetime EP0904415B1 (de) 1996-06-12 1997-05-30 Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US6379423B1 (id)
EP (1) EP0904415B1 (id)
JP (1) JP2001501673A (id)
CN (1) CN1067107C (id)
AT (1) AT407645B (id)
AU (1) AU730729B2 (id)
BR (1) BR9709685A (id)
CA (1) CA2255076A1 (id)
CZ (1) CZ287903B6 (id)
DE (2) DE19625127C2 (id)
ID (1) ID17048A (id)
IN (1) IN191759B (id)
PL (1) PL330410A1 (id)
SK (1) SK169598A3 (id)
TR (1) TR199802556T2 (id)
TW (1) TW422883B (id)
WO (1) WO1997047773A1 (id)
ZA (1) ZA974570B (id)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2653568A1 (de) 2012-04-18 2013-10-23 Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Flächenbegasung in einem Reduktionsreaktorschacht

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1302812B1 (it) * 1998-12-11 2000-09-29 Danieli & C Ohg Sp Forno per la riduzione diretta di ossidi di ferro
AT505490B1 (de) * 2007-06-28 2009-12-15 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eisenschwamm
CN101812555A (zh) * 2010-04-15 2010-08-25 山东省冶金设计院股份有限公司 一种强化高炉间接还原的方法及其专用气的制造方法
CN102312032A (zh) * 2011-10-20 2012-01-11 山东道诚工程技术有限公司 一种生产海绵铁的装置
EP3486335A1 (de) 2017-11-15 2019-05-22 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Reduktionsgaszufuhr für direktreduktion
EP4350010A1 (de) * 2022-10-05 2024-04-10 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Eisenschmelze aus sinter

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE482111C (de) * 1929-09-06 Mueller Wilhelm Gasschachtofen zum Brennen oder Roesten von Kalk, Dolomit, Magnesit, Erzen o. dgl. mit Mittelkern und Gutabzug nach der Mitte
US2862808A (en) * 1957-07-31 1958-12-02 Alan N Mann Apparatus and method for reducing iron oxide pellets
US3850616A (en) * 1973-10-29 1974-11-26 Armco Steel Corp Inert gas seal for product discharge from a shaft furnace
US4118017A (en) 1976-01-02 1978-10-03 United States Steel Corporation Shaft furnace design
US4205831A (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-06-03 Hylsa, S. A. Ore reduction reactor discharge regulator
DE3034539C2 (de) * 1980-09-12 1982-07-22 Korf-Stahl Ag, 7570 Baden-Baden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur direkten Erzeugung von flüssigem Roheisen aus stückigem Eisenerz
SU1129239A1 (ru) * 1982-04-26 1984-12-15 Химико-металлургический институт АН КазССР Устройство дл термохимической обработки сыпучих материалов газовым потоком
AT382166B (de) * 1985-05-13 1987-01-26 Voest Alpine Ag Verfahren zur direktreduktion von teilchenf¯rmigem eisenoxidhaeltigem material
JPS61276909A (ja) * 1985-05-31 1986-12-06 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 還元鉄製造方法
JPS62294127A (ja) * 1986-06-13 1987-12-21 Kobe Steel Ltd シヤフト炉における酸化鉄還元方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2653568A1 (de) 2012-04-18 2013-10-23 Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Flächenbegasung in einem Reduktionsreaktorschacht
WO2013156548A1 (de) 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zur flächenbegasung in einem reduktionsreaktorschacht

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1222197A (zh) 1999-07-07
BR9709685A (pt) 2000-01-11
CN1067107C (zh) 2001-06-13
US6379423B1 (en) 2002-04-30
ID17048A (id) 1997-12-04
DE19625127A1 (de) 1997-12-18
CZ400098A3 (cs) 1999-08-11
EP0904415A1 (de) 1999-03-31
TW422883B (en) 2001-02-21
ZA974570B (en) 1997-12-29
CZ287903B6 (cs) 2001-03-14
DE19625127C2 (de) 1998-04-30
IN191759B (id) 2003-12-27
CA2255076A1 (en) 1997-12-18
ATA905797A (de) 2000-09-15
PL330410A1 (en) 1999-05-10
AU3025497A (en) 1998-01-07
AT407645B (de) 2001-05-25
SK169598A3 (en) 1999-05-07
TR199802556T2 (xx) 2001-09-21
WO1997047773A1 (de) 1997-12-18
JP2001501673A (ja) 2001-02-06
AU730729B2 (en) 2001-03-15
DE59704252D1 (de) 2001-09-13

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