EP0903770B1 - Lampe à halogenures - Google Patents

Lampe à halogenures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0903770B1
EP0903770B1 EP98111187A EP98111187A EP0903770B1 EP 0903770 B1 EP0903770 B1 EP 0903770B1 EP 98111187 A EP98111187 A EP 98111187A EP 98111187 A EP98111187 A EP 98111187A EP 0903770 B1 EP0903770 B1 EP 0903770B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal halide
voltage
halide lamp
lamp according
filling
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EP98111187A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0903770A3 (fr
EP0903770A2 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Stockwald
Dieter Lang
Dietrich Dr. Fromm
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP0903770A3 publication Critical patent/EP0903770A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a metal halide lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Metal halide lamps are used in particular as lamps used with ceramic discharge vessel. You treated also a lighting system consisting of lamp and ballast.
  • a metal halide lamp with a ceramic discharge vessel is already known, the mercury-free filling of which contains noble gas (xenon) and a halide of lithium (or also of Na, Tl, In) to produce an arc discharge. Furthermore, the filling contains a substance which forms a halide complex, for example a halide of aluminum or tin, which forms complexes with the halides of sodium or lithium.
  • a mercury-containing filling with noble gases and metal halides which contains thallium, one or two rare earth metals (Dy, Ho) and / or an alkali metal (Na, Cs) and possibly indium.
  • a metal halide lamp with high luminous efficacy which uses mercury as a buffer gas.
  • An exemplary embodiment also shows a mercury-free filling for daylight use with a color temperature of 5350 K using HfBr 4 as the metal halide and addition of elemental tin.
  • the xenon (cold filling pressure 1 bar) takes on the role of the buffer gas.
  • these lamps have enormous re-ignition peaks of around 600 V and can therefore only be operated with complex circuitry.
  • low-mercury or almost mercury-free fillings are mainly used for electrodeless high-pressure metal halide lamps, since the coupling of the electrical energy via electromagnetic waves decreases with increasing mercury density and is shielded in the outer plasma layers.
  • metal halide lamps too, predominantly xenon (Xe) or other noble gases are used as buffer gases or mercury is filled in in very small amounts ( ⁇ 1 mg / cm 3 , "essentially mercury-free").
  • Xe xenon
  • this technology is very complex and unsuitable for lamps with low power (below 250 W), since the luminous efficiency then drops drastically.
  • the underlying task requires a substitute or a mixture of substitutes for mercury in high-pressure lamps with at the same time extensive Preservation of the lighting and electrical properties of the typical Metal halide high-pressure lamp.
  • the discharge vessel can consist of quartz glass.
  • a discharge vessel made of ceramic, transparent or translucent material that can withstand higher thermal loads is.
  • This material can be made of monocrystalline metal oxide (e.g. sapphire), polycrystalline sintered metal oxide (e.g .: PCA: polycrystalline, densely sintered Aluminum oxide, yttrium aluminum garnet or yttrium oxide) or consist of polycrystalline non-oxidative material (e.g. AlN).
  • Xe is mainly used as a substitute for Hg as a buffer gas heaviest of the stable noble gases used. It can be used when using Discharge vessels made of quartz glass can be filled in by freezing out, see above that the lamp filling contains the buffer gas in excess pressure. When using of ceramic bodies as a discharge vessel can this filling process because the resulting high temperature gradient along the discharge vessel lead to jumps and is therefore only with great effort and risk applicable.
  • xenon only makes a small contribution as a buffer gas (10 to 20%) to the voltage gradient in the lamp.
  • a mercury-free electrode-containing metal halide lamp with a ceramic discharge vessel in an evacuated outer bulb Quartz glass or hard glass with high luminous efficacy (typically> 80 lm / W), and high Color rendering index (typically Ra> 80).
  • the area can preferably be filled with the filling substances according to the invention Realize warm white to neutral white color temperatures (typ. 3000 - 4500 K). It may be but also possible, daylight white color temperatures (um 5300 K) with high Ra (approx. 90).
  • Halogen here and below always includes iodine, bromine or chlorine, however not fluorine. The same applies to halides.
  • first additional additives preferably metal halides, to improve the electrical Lamp properties and for influencing the arc temperature profile used.
  • Metals or metal compounds are particularly suitable for this, their excitation or ionization energies in the range of the above metal halides lie and are preferably below.
  • second additives preferably elemental metals
  • metal compounds which can possibly be formed from the material of the electrodes and that of the current leads (W, Mo) in the lamp. They essentially serve to extend the life of the lamps and support an effective, stable chemical cycle.
  • These are usually elemental metals which are present in excess of the halides of these metals which have already been introduced, in particular aluminum, tin and magnesium. Good experiences have also been achieved with elementary tantalum. The maximum dosage of these metals is 10 mg / cm 3 .
  • discharge vessels are made of for the present invention Quartz glass can be used. However, preference is given to lamps with ceramic vessels which allow much higher wall temperatures. So one can clearly higher total pressure and partial vapor pressure as well as a higher particle density adjust the materials used to generate light. Also be the conditions for the possibility of metal halide complex formation and the possibility of the formation of supersaturated metal vapors to form metal-atom clusters by increasing the Wall temperature improved.
  • the ratio of the total molar amount of all the metals introduced is preferably to the total molar quantity of all filled-in halogens between 0.1 and 10.
  • the lamps are operated on AC voltage in such a way that that the rate of change in lamp voltage is (in absolute terms voltage rise in negative or positive direction) occurs so quickly during the polarity change that re-ignition peaks occur can be greatly reduced over the course of the lamp voltage. Thereby extinguishing of the lamp is reliably prevented. These reignition tips arise from the extinction of the discharge arc when the polarity changes and by cooling the electrodes.
  • the level of the still acceptable reignition peak is determined on the one hand after the open circuit voltage, i.e. after the supply voltage, the maximum is attainable, and on the other hand after the response voltage of an im Ignition device located voltage path, which is exceeded when a certain voltage level (just the response voltage) ignition pulses the lamp voltage generated.
  • a faulty mode of operation with too high Re-ignition tip leads to overloading of the igniter and shortens it its lifespan.
  • the Voltage change rate of the lamp voltage which is called the absolute value of the Voltage change divided by the duration of the voltage change is defined (therefore in the following it is often simplified as the voltage rise rate designated), at least at 0.3 V / ⁇ s, particularly preferably at are at least 1 V / ⁇ s. Good results are achieved at around 3 V / ⁇ s.
  • a sufficient rate of voltage rise can in principle be determined by a realize relatively high-frequency sinusoidal AC voltage (at least 1 kHz, preferably more than 250 kHz). In principle, they are suitable also other similar voltage forms (e.g. sawtooth shape) comparable duration of the half period.
  • the latter corresponds to the usual mains voltage of 230 V eff .
  • a medium-voltage mains voltage (approx. 110 V rms ) can of course also be used.
  • Acceptable re-ignition peaks of the lamp voltage here the peak voltage is of primary interest and less the effective value of the voltage) must be significantly below the response voltage.
  • a value of approximately 75% of the open circuit voltage is therefore acceptable for the re-ignition peak.
  • this gives a value of 173 V eff i.e. a peak voltage of 244 V pk .
  • Operation on an electronic ballast is particularly preferred with rectangular current injection, since this pulse shape is steep from the start Flanks guaranteed.
  • a frequency of 50 Hz is sufficient to increase the voltage rise rate when changing polarity to the above set the range above 0.3 V / ⁇ s. This is due to the steepness the edges of the rectangle. But it is also a higher frequency operation (for example 120 Hz or more) possible.
  • a period of time is advantageous Voltage rise of at most about 400 ⁇ s, in a particularly preferred one Embodiment, it is less than 100 microseconds.
  • A is very suitable Value of about 10 to 50 ⁇ s.
  • a suitable electronic ballast is in principle, for example, from the US Pat. No. 4,291,254 or DE-OS 44 00 093, both of which are known express reference is made. However, there is above all the aspect the increased luminous efficacy (up to 8%) due to the high operating frequency.
  • a particular advantage of rectangular operation is that it provides the basis is created for stable continuous operation without acoustic resonances.
  • high-frequency sinusoidal excitation is also possible when operating at frequencies> 1 kHz with sinusoidal voltage edges takes place, the time scale of which is typically the steep flanks of rectangles takes place, their time scale typically the steep edges in rectangular operation (Order of magnitude 10 to 100 ⁇ s).
  • a high frequency > 250 kHz
  • the voltage rise rate in V / ⁇ s
  • the voltage rise rate is such is set that re-ignition peaks that on the burning voltage of the Lamp are stamped, are suppressed as possible. Then also at sinusoidal AC voltage, stable operation possible.
  • Another advantageous aspect of rectangular current operation is also that the performance of the lamp is constant to within a few percent can be maintained (constant wattage operation).
  • the lamp should at least 50% during start-up in the first minutes (preferably more than 60%) of the nominal power.
  • Advantageous therefore electronic ballasts with rectangular operation are used, with which a "constant wattage" operation can be realized and the occurrence of high reignition peaks is reliably avoided.
  • in principle is a circuit for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp with constant Performance known for example from EP-A 680 245.
  • the approach according to the invention now consists in instead of xenon primarily iodides or bromides of easily evaporable metals use to generate a voltage gradient comparable to Hg.
  • Bromine and iodine (atomic or molecular) alone or in combination have a large cross section for electron capture. Thereby the operating voltage of a lamp is raised to form negative Ions or molecules.
  • the concept of the voltage gradient generator can be modified accordingly that the metal halides alone do not perform this function, but a certain contribution to the voltage gradient (up to 40%) due to a correspondingly high xenon pressure (more than 500 mb cold filling pressure) is contributed.
  • This allows a good coordination with regard to on the simplest possible filling systems in which a part of the Voltage gradient formers also used metal halides as Light formers act, for example halides of Al, In, Mg and before All of the part.
  • the advantage of this concept is that when starting with high starting current (typically 2 A) the electrodes against excessive overheating be protected if xenon acts as an ignition gas and gradient generator.
  • a metal halide lamp with an output of 70 W is shown schematically in FIG. It consists of a cylindrical outer bulb 1 made of quartz glass which defines a lamp axis and is squeezed (2) and base (3) on two sides.
  • the axially arranged discharge vessel 4 made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic is bulged in the middle 5 and has two cylindrical ends 6a and 6b.
  • it can also be cylindrical with elongated capillary tubes as plugs, as is known, for example, from EP-A 587 238.
  • the discharge vessel is held in the outer bulb 1 by means of two power supply lines 7, which are connected to the base parts 3 via foils 8.
  • the power supply lines 7, one of which is a molybdenum band to compensate for the large differences in expansion, are welded to bushings 9, 10, which are each fitted in an end plug 11 at the end of the discharge vessel.
  • the bushings 9, 10 are, for example, molybdenum pins. Both executions 9, 10 are on both sides of the stopper 11 and hold on the discharge side Electrodes 14, consisting of an electrode shaft 15 Tungsten and a helix 16 pushed on at the discharge end.
  • the bushing 9, 10 is in each case with the electrode shaft 15 and with the outer power supply 7 butt welded.
  • the end plugs 11 essentially consist of a cermet known per se with the ceramic component Al 2 O 3 and the metallic component tungsten or molybdenum.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel consists of an inert ignition gas / buffer gas, here argon with 250 mbar cold filling pressure and from various additives on metal halides.
  • TlJ has a dual function as a voltage gradient generator and photographers proven in combination with others
  • Table 2 shows some fillings, with voltage gradient formers and light formers shown separately.
  • the light color is in the warm white to neutral white range (3500 to 4250 K).
  • the voltage gradient is usually in the order of 60 to 120 V / cm. Surprisingly, however, relatively low voltage gradients between 45 and 60 V / cm still lead to good lighting values.
  • the voltage gradient in a conventional metal halide lamp with a mercury filling is approximately between 75 and 110 V / cm.
  • the metal halide mixtures shown in Table 3 are used as light formers resorted to, with CsJ as an additional additive of the first Type is taken into account.
  • a three-component mixture is particularly suitable as a light generator, consisting of thallium as the first component, Sodium and / or cerium as a second component and at least one rare earth metal as the third component.
  • a lamp volume of 0.3 cm 3 was used for all fillings.
  • the electrode gap is 9 mm.
  • the specific wall load (defined as electrical power / inner surface) varies between 15 and 50 W / cm 2 . On average, it is 25 W / cm 2 .
  • the specific electrical power density varies between 100 and 500 W / cm 3 . On average, it is 235 W / cm 3 .
  • the lamps were each operated on an electronic ballast with rectangular current injection in a regulated power mode with I eff ⁇ 1.8 A.
  • the lamp is a metal halide lamp 18 with 70 W power, which is squeezed on one side, and also the discharge vessel 19 is a quartz glass bulb squeezed on one side. Details Details of this can be found, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,717,852. Otherwise correspond to the same reference numerals for analog components as in FIG. 1. A getter 17 is also accommodated in the outer bulb 1.
  • a neutral white filling was used on the basis of voltage gradient formers that form easily evaporable halides (AlJ 3 , SnJ 4 , HfJ 4 ) and that approximate the voltage gradient of Hg.
  • An Xe filling of 800 mbar was used as the starting gas.
  • HfJ 4 filling shows the strongest voltage gradient due to its high vapor pressure, while AIJ 3 (symbolized as ⁇ ) and SnJ 4 (symbolized as ⁇ ) show approximately the same behavior, even with different dosage amounts.
  • the lamps according to the invention should preferably be operated with a rectangular electronic ballast in which the edges of the rectangular pulse are so steep (approximately 10 to 50 ⁇ sec) that no noticeable re-ignition peaks occur. Then, for example, the SnJ 4 dosage (11 mg) lowers the operating voltage from 92.8 V to 78.0 V, that is to say by 14.9 V (symbolized as a large ⁇ in FIG. 4). The associated re-ignition peak, which still had a value of 329 V during KVG operation, disappears almost completely (symbolized as a small ⁇ in FIG. 4).
  • the lamps initially only after taking over the discharge arc have a burning voltage of approx. 20 V (because no halides have yet evaporated are, the power at the KVG is only about 25-30 W, because the choke limited the current to just over 1 A. With this low performance the lamp remains so cold that the halides cannot evaporate and the lamp gets stuck in the start-up phase. For measurements at the KVG the lamp current was therefore started up by means of a control choke almost 2 A increased. This is sufficient for the evaporation of the halides then causes an increase in the burning voltage, so that the current again can be withdrawn.
  • argon with a cold filling pressure of 150 mbar was used as the starting gas.
  • the voltage gradient formers AlJ 3 and SnJ 4 light additions of DyJ 3 and TmJ 3 (0.27 mg each) and TlJ (0.1 mg) and NaJ (0.4 mg) were used to reduce the emission to strengthen in the visible spectral region.
  • the DyJ 3 is used as an additive to the AlJ 3 to achieve a better emission in the red.
  • the TmJ 3 is used as an addition to the SnJ 4 to increase the emission in the blue and green.
  • the AlJ 3 / DyJ 3 / NaJ / TIJ system achieved an operating voltage of 64.1 V.
  • a very similar filling was used for a metal halide lamp with a ceramic discharge vessel.
  • the filling consists of 5 mg AlJ 3 as a voltage gradient and the light formers DyJ 3 , TmJ 3 , TlJ, NaJ.
  • the ceramic discharge vessel has a volume of 0.3 cm 3 and an electrode spacing of 9 mm. 51.2 V operating voltage was achieved with a very high luminous flux of 5 klm.
  • Figure 5 is another embodiment of an inventive Metal halide lamp 20 shown with a power of 70 W.
  • Figure 5a and 5b each show side views rotated by 90 °
  • FIG. 5c shows a view of FIG above.
  • FIG. 5d shows a section through a lamp corresponding to FIG. 5c.
  • the holding frame 23 is also on the foils 24a, 24b of the outer bulb 25 squeezed on one side attached to a G12 ceramic base.
  • the squeeze-close implementation 26 is via a short angled power supply 27 with one Foil 24a connected.
  • the pinch-free bushing 28 is over a Conductor system with double symmetry and a short power supply 36 connected to the other film 24b.
  • the conductor system consists of one semicircular arch 30, the level of the crushing implementation 26 in a plane transverse to the lamp axis on the inside of the wall of the outer bulb is led.
  • connection bow 32 which in a including the lamp axis Level lies and at the end 29 of the outer bulb which is distant from the squeeze is connected.
  • the connecting arch is in the apex 32 welded to the pinch-free bushing 28. This is with its end in a channel 35 at the tip of the rounded end 29 anchored.
  • a typical value for current 1 is 1 to 2 A.
  • the force deflecting the discharge arc is proportional to I 2 and the effective length l of the return, which corresponds to the length of the arc, and inversely proportional to the distance r between the return and discharge arc: K ⁇ F (f) ⁇ I 2 ⁇ l r
  • the returns (31; 38) with sleeves 39 made of suitable ones are advantageous Materials (quartz stocking, ceramic tube) coated in a manner known per se to avoid photo effects from UV radiation. More than four Returns (four-fold symmetry) lead to a noticeable Shading and are therefore, especially for cost reasons, less suitable.
  • FIG 6 is a corresponding section through a lamp with three Symmetry shown.
  • the three returns 38 decrease according to Eq. (1) the magnetic force to a ninth, compared to the magnetic By force of a single repatriation. They run at the end of the ceramic remote from the base Discharge vessel in a star shape for the metallic feedthrough together.
  • the returns 38 are from ceramic sleeves 39 for Shield surrounded by UV radiation.
  • the mercury-free filling for the lamp of FIGS. 5 and 6 consists of the voltage gradient formers InBr (2 mg) and TlJ and contains the filling MHS 8-6 (5 mg), see Table 3.
  • 1 mg elemental indium is added. It has been found that the addition of elemental metal further reduces the re-ignition peak.
  • the electrode gap is 9 mm.
  • the discharge volume is 0.3 cm 3 . The behavior regarding the reignition peak was investigated in detail on this system.
  • the lamp voltage (in V) is a function of time (in milliseconds ms).
  • the lamp was at a frequency of each 120 Hz either a sinusoidal AC voltage (curve A) or a rectangular AC voltage (curves B to E) is impressed.
  • the amplitude of the operating voltage in the first half-wave is approximately 65 V.
  • the corresponding voltage change rates can be calculated from FIG. 8, where the reignition peak voltage (in V) as a function of time the voltage change (in ⁇ s) is specified.
  • the Voltage change rate is to be noted that in each case to the specified Measured value of the peak voltage in the area of the re-ignition peak or Base value of the burning voltage (denoted by x) from the previous one Half period (approx. -65 V) must be added.
  • curve A correspond to a voltage change rate of 0.25 V / ⁇ s, this value is significantly higher for rectangular operation.

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Claims (22)

  1. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques ayant un rendement lumineux d'au moins 75 lm/W et un indice de rendu des couleurs d'au moins 75, destinée à fonctionner sur un ballast électronique donnant une tension alternative, qui donne un changement de polarité à une vitesse de variation de la tension d'au moins 0,3 V/µs, la lampe comprenant une enceinte de décharge dans laquelle des électrodes sont introduites d'une manière étanche au vide et l'enceinte de décharge contenant comme atmosphère au moins un halogénure métallique et un gaz tampon qui agit aussi en tant que gaz d'amorçage pour l'amorçage de la lampe, ce gaz d'amorçage étant un gaz rare ou un mélange de gaz rares, caractérisée en ce que
    l'atmosphère est sans mercure et l'atmosphère d'halogénures métalliques comprend les constituants suivants :
    un agent de formation d'un gradient de tension, constitué d'au moins un halogénure métallique qui s'évapore facilement, l'agent donnant un gradient de tension étant au moins un halogénure, à l'exception d'un fluorure, des métaux suivants : Al, Bi, Hf, In, Mg, Sc, Sn, TI, Zr, Zn, Sb, Ga, dans lequel l'agent donnant un gradient de tension est présent dans l'enceinte de décharge en une quantité de 1 à 200 µmoles/cm3 ;
    un agent donnant de la lumière, constitué d'au moins un halogénure métallique et/ou d'un métal, l'agent donnant de la lumière étant au moins l'un des métaux suivants ou un composé de ces métaux, notamment un de leurs halogénures : Na, Pr, Nd, Ce, La, Dy, Ho, TI, Sc, Hf, Zr, Tm, l'agent donnant de la lumière étant présent dans l'enceinte de décharge en une quantité comprise entre 1 et 30 mg/cm3 ;
    le gradient de tension de la lampe étant en fonctionnement de 45 V/cm.
  2. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'agent donnant un gradient de tension est un iodure métallique et/ou un bromure métallique ayant, notamment, une pression de remplissage en fonctionnement d'au moins 0,5 bar.
  3. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le gaz d'amorçage a une pression de remplissage à froid d'au moins 1 mbar.
  4. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le gradient de tension correspond à peu près à celui du mercure.
  5. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'atmosphère contient des additifs supplémentaires pour améliorer les propriétés electriques de la lampe et pour influer sur le profil de température de l'arc, notamment des halogénures métalliques ayant des énergies d'excitation ou d'ionisation qui sont basses.
  6. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les additifs supplémentaires contiennent du césium et éventuellement du lithium, le lithium n'étant utilisé que dans le cas où l'atmosphère n'a pas de sodium.
  7. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la proportion des additifs supplémentaires est de l'ordre de grandeur de 5 à 50 % en mole par rapport à la proportion de l'agent donnant de la lumière.
  8. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'atmosphère contient des métaux élémentaires (en excès) qui diminuent les pointes de réamorçage, notamment en une quantité comprise entre 1 et 10 mg/cm3.
  9. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'atmosphère contient du Ta ou du In élémentaire.
  10. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte de décharge est en céramique.
  11. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que du zinc élémentaire est contenu en tant qu'agent donnant un gradient de tension.
  12. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la puissance de la lampe est au maximum de 250 W.
  13. Lampes aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte de la lampe est entourée d'une ampoule extérieure mise sous vide.
  14. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la température de couleur de la lampe est comprise entre 2 800 et 4 600 K.
  15. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la température de couleur de la lampe est d'environ 5 300 K.
  16. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte(21)de décharge est fixée dans une ampoule (25) extérieure à pincement d'un côté au moyen d'une monture (23) de maintien, la monture de maintien ayant une entrée (31, 38) de courant de retour, de symétrie au moins binaire.
  17. Lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que la monture (23) de maintien a un système de conducteur de retour constitué d'au moins trois entrées (38) de courant, qui sont disposées symétriquement.
  18. Système d'éclairage comprenant une lampe aux halogénures métalliques suivant l'une des revendications précédentes et un ballast électronique qui donne une tension alternative, caractérisé en ce que le ballast électronique de la lampe donne une variation de la tension pendant le changement de polarité à une vitesse de variation de la tension d'au moins 0,3 V/µs, de préférence d'au moins 1 V/µs.
  19. Système d'éclairage suivant la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que le ballast électronique de la lampe imprime une alimentation en courant rectangulaire.
  20. Système d'éclairage suivant la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que le ballast électronique maintient constante la puissance en fonctionnement.
  21. Système d'éclairage suivant la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que la durée de la variation de tension pendant un changement de polarité est si courte que la pointe de réamorçage est fortement supprimée, ce laps de temps étant notamment inférieur à 1 000 µs, de préférence inférieur à 100 µs.
  22. Système d'éclairage suivant la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que la variation de tension est réalisée dans le front d'une impulsion rectangulaire.
EP98111187A 1997-07-21 1998-06-18 Lampe à halogenures Expired - Lifetime EP0903770B1 (fr)

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DE19731168A DE19731168A1 (de) 1997-07-21 1997-07-21 Beleuchtungssystem
DE19731168 1997-07-21

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EP0903770A2 EP0903770A2 (fr) 1999-03-24
EP0903770A3 EP0903770A3 (fr) 1999-04-07
EP0903770B1 true EP0903770B1 (fr) 2004-08-18

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US (1) US6069456A (fr)
EP (1) EP0903770B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4335332B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE274236T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2243737C (fr)
DE (2) DE19731168A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU221394B1 (fr)

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US6069456A (en) 2000-05-30
EP0903770A3 (fr) 1999-04-07
EP0903770A2 (fr) 1999-03-24
HU221394B1 (en) 2002-09-28
CA2243737A1 (fr) 1999-01-21
JPH1186795A (ja) 1999-03-30
HUP9801641A2 (hu) 1999-04-28
DE19731168A1 (de) 1999-01-28
HUP9801641A3 (en) 2001-02-28
HU9801641D0 (en) 1998-09-28
JP4335332B2 (ja) 2009-09-30
CA2243737C (fr) 2006-11-28
ATE274236T1 (de) 2004-09-15
DE59811826D1 (de) 2004-09-23

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