EP0334355B1 - Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0334355B1
EP0334355B1 EP89105243A EP89105243A EP0334355B1 EP 0334355 B1 EP0334355 B1 EP 0334355B1 EP 89105243 A EP89105243 A EP 89105243A EP 89105243 A EP89105243 A EP 89105243A EP 0334355 B1 EP0334355 B1 EP 0334355B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
pulse
discharge
power
discharge lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89105243A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0334355A3 (fr
EP0334355A2 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Gottschling
Klaus Günther
Uwe Keiderling
Hans-Georg Kloss
Rainer Radtke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Priamos Licht Industrie & Dienstleistungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Priamos Licht Industrie & Dienstleistungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Priamos Licht Industrie & Dienstleistungs GmbH filed Critical Priamos Licht Industrie & Dienstleistungs GmbH
Publication of EP0334355A2 publication Critical patent/EP0334355A2/fr
Publication of EP0334355A3 publication Critical patent/EP0334355A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0334355B1 publication Critical patent/EP0334355B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/16—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having helium, argon, neon, krypton, or xenon as the principle constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof
    • H05B41/2882—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall-stabilized high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1, and in particular to a wall-stabilized high-pressure discharge lamp with high lighting efficiency and very good color properties, which is suitable for general lighting purposes in a compact structure, due to the good ability of the radiation to concentrate and the immediate Luminous flux output after switching on, but can also be used in motor vehicle headlights and for lighting tasks in scientific and medical device construction, and which can in particular also be designed for very low powers.
  • the light yield of a high-pressure discharge lamp via the spectral emission distribution of the radiating plasma is given by the composition and pressure of the discharge medium, the dimensions of the discharge tube and the spatial temperature distribution of the discharge, and can only be optimized within certain limits.
  • a gas discharge can be operated which is in the visible spectral range known mercury lines 405, 436, 546 and 577/579 nm emitted.
  • the very intense radiation at 313 and 365 nm can be transformed into the visible spectral range using a suitable phosphor.
  • Such high-pressure mercury lamps have found widespread use especially in outdoor lighting; their luminous efficacy is a maximum of 55 lm / W, and the general color rendering index is 50 (cf. Elenbaas, W .: High-pressure mercury-vapor lamps and their application; Philips Technical Library, 1965).
  • Such metal halide lamps achieve a light output of 60 to 80 lm / W at a higher power conversion with a general color rendering index of 60 to 90, the high values of the light efficiency generally being combined with low values of the color rendering index and vice versa. With small power conversions down to 35 W, however, the luminous efficiency generally drops considerably to 50 lm / W and below.
  • the invention of alkali-resistant envelope materials and closure materials has made it possible to use sodium in metallic form as a carrier for light emission.
  • High pressure sodium vapor lamps currently take among all known high pressure discharge lamps in terms of their luminous efficacy a top position and have found widespread use in outdoor lighting.
  • the range of available power types ranges from 35 W with a luminous efficacy of 75 lm / W to 1000 W with 150 lm / W. Because of the very low color temperature of around 2000 K and the unsatisfactory color rendering index of around 20, however, such lamps are not accepted for more demanding lighting tasks, especially in indoor lighting.
  • Such lamps show a radiation emission similar to sunlight with a continuous spectral distribution, which results from the recombination continuum of the xenon.
  • Such lamps are built for stationary operation with powers of 50 to 50,000 W and are characterized by excellent color rendering combined with a color temperature in the range of 6000 K.
  • the luminous efficacy is only 15 lm / W and cannot be increased by more than 20 lm / W even with high power densities up to 800 W / cm (AT-PS 222 223). It can only increase to 35 lm / W with power in the kW range.
  • Ultra-high pressure lamps use xenon or mercury vapor as a radiant medium at pressures of more than 1 MPa.
  • the high energy concentration realized in them allows the radiation to be generated in a very small volume, which results in the radiation being able to be focused well.
  • their light output is rather less than that of the corresponding ones High pressure lamps.
  • High-pressure capillary lamps with halide filling have already been proposed for use in motor vehicle headlights (DE 3 341 846). For this purpose, however, they have the major disadvantage of requiring a start-up time of around one minute to reach their full luminous flux.
  • Discharge instabilities and acoustic disturbances in the environment can be prevented by constructive measures on such lamps (DE 2 733 168 and 2 773 170) and special operating modes (DE 2 335 589, 2 704 311, 2 847 840 and 3 122 183).
  • the color temperatures that can be achieved in this way are still too low for use in interior lighting, especially in the living area, because values of 3000 K and more are desirable for this.
  • the tests were also abandoned because the undesirable side effects, such as increased self-absorption of the resonance lines of sodium and a disproportionate increase in the mercury lines, question the desired effect and further increases in color temperature are only possible with a major loss of light output (DE 2 657 824).
  • All discharge light sources contain as energy converting Media electrically heated plasmas, the electrical properties of which change depending on the energy supplied. In particular, when the operating voltage increases, the power conversion increases, as a result of which the charge carrier density increases. This increases the electrical conductivity and the power consumption continues to increase. In order to counteract the resulting instabilities, discharge lamps must be operated via ballasts, which in particular contain current-limiting components. The mass and scope of these current-limiting components make it difficult to use such light sources, particularly in the living area. In order to achieve a current-voltage characteristic with a positive increase, the use of additives of certain metals or metal salts was tested in xenon and other noble gas high-pressure lamps (DE 2 236 973 and 2 525 408).
  • the invention has for its object a high-pressure discharge lamp to develop, which has very good color rendering properties even at low power conversions, has a high luminous efficacy and emits the full luminous flux immediately after switching on.
  • the power supply to the lamp should preferably be made as simple as possible.
  • a light source should be suitable for general lighting purposes as well as usable in motor vehicle headlights and is therefore suitable as an alternative to incandescent lamps with considerable savings in electrical energy or with a significant increase in luminous flux and as an alternative to metal halide lamps with the advantage of immediate luminous flux output after switching on. It can also be used for lighting tasks in scientific and medical device construction and, as an alternative to incandescent lamps and electrode-stabilized xenon high-pressure lamps, leads to a significant reduction in the thermal loads on the object or patient and in the device itself.
  • the technical task of developing such a light source is still to find a medium which, when excited in an electrical discharge, is able to emit an intensive continuum in the visible spectral range from a small volume as soon as the light source is switched on Medium to find a plasma state in which both this continuum radiation is generated with high yield and good bundling ability and the discharge has a positive current-voltage characteristic, and finally that specify technical means for realizing such a plasma state.
  • the discharge plasma is heated up to such an extent by powerful electrical impulses with a high repetition frequency and small duty cycle that the recombination continuum distributed over the visible spectral range is emitted with high intensity, and that this clearly exceeds the intensity of the line radiation in the spectrally ineffective spectral ranges.
  • a momentary power is supplied to the discharge during the pulses, which exceeds the mean power N permissible in continuous operation of the discharge tube in continuous operation by a factor of 5 or more.
  • the discharge between the pulses is advantageously operated with the aid of a holding current of at most 50% of the average current, so that it does not go out and does not have to be restarted at the beginning of each pulse.
  • the pulse repetition frequency is chosen to be equal to or greater than 100 Hz, so that it is sufficiently far above the flicker fusion frequency of the human eye and visual physiological problems in this regard are avoided.
  • the pulse length can then be calculated from the condition that the time average power fed in by pulse and holding current is equal to the average permissible in continuous operation Power N is.
  • both the instantaneous power during the pulses and the pulse repetition frequency should be limited in such a way that the calculated in this way.
  • Pulse lengths should not be less than 10 »s, because otherwise the intended effect is only incompletely achieved due to the thermal inertia of the discharge.
  • Another advantage of this operating mode is that with pulse powers that are a factor of 5 and more above the steadily permissible power, the electron density no longer increases significantly with a further increase in power. Therefore, the electrical conductivity increases only slightly, and the discharge gains a positive characteristic. In this way, the space-consuming, heavy and lossy components for current limitation that are customary in high-pressure discharge lamps are dispensable, and the power supply devices for such lamps are particularly simple in construction.
  • the color temperature of the lamp according to the invention can be reduced and adapted to the requirements for interior lighting by surrounding the discharge tube with an outer bulb, the inner wall of which is coated with a phosphor which emits in the wavelength range between 550 and 650 nm and is excited by long-wave ultraviolet radiation can be.
  • This phosphor transforms the short-wave portions of the recombination continuum below a wavelength of 450 nm into the yellow-red spectral range with the result of an effective reduction in the color temperature to a value of 4000 K or below, which is also associated with an increase in the luminous efficacy.
  • the luminous density of the lamp is greatly reduced by the light-scattering effect of the phosphor layer, and thus the risk of glare caused by it is avoided.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment in which the discharge lamp is formed by a cylindrical discharge tube 1 made of silica glass with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm and with two electrodes 2 opposite one another at a distance of 10 mm and power supply lines 3 melted in a vacuum-tight manner. It is filled with xenon at a cold pressure of 300 kPa. An ignition probe 4 attached to the outside of the discharge tube serves to facilitate the ignition of the lamp.
  • Fig. 2 shows the course of the lamp current as a function of time.
  • the high-pressure xenon discharge lamp which is operated with powerful pulses, emits a luminous flux of 1400 lm at an average power consumption of 35 W. Its color temperature is 6500 K and its general color rendering index is 95. Its average luminance is 12 000 cd / cm 'and is a good prerequisite for focusing the radiation through optical components.
  • the current-voltage characteristic formed by the discharge is shown in FIG. 3; it has the desired positive increase in the area of the pulse current.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. It contains a discharge tube according to FIG. 1, which is surrounded by an evacuated outer bulb 6, a frame structure 7 taking over the mechanical mounting of the discharge tube and the electrical connection of the power supply lines to the base 8.
  • the outer bulb is coated on its inner wall with a phosphor layer 9 made of Ca halophosphate: Mn.
  • Discharge tube with ignition probe, frame structure, outer bulb and base together form the discharge lamp. It is operated in the same way as the lamp according to exemplary embodiment 1 and, with an average power consumption of 35 W, emits a luminous flux of 1450 lm at a color temperature of 4000 K and a color rendering index of 90.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée, composée d'une enceinte de décharge perméable à la lumière avec deux électrodes scellées et remplie d'un milieu de décharge, caractérisée par la combinaison de l'utilisation de xénon et/ou de krypton comme milieu de décharge avec une alimentation en courant de la lampe par des impulsions sous une densité de puissance de 100 à 10.000 W/cm³, une intensité maximale de courant de pointe dans l'impulsion de 50 A et une fréquence des impulsions de 100 à 1000 Hz, le rapport de la largeur des impulsions par la distance entre les impulsions étant compris entre 0,01 et 0,15, le rapport de la puissance momentanée dans l'impulsion par la valeur moyenne de la puissance étant supérieur à 5:1, et la décharge étant entretenue entre les impulsions par un courant de maintien d'une valeur s'élevant au maximum à 50 % de la valeur moyenne du courant à la puissance nominale.
  2. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que le milieu de décharge comprend du xénon et/ou du krypton sous une pression à froid de 10 à 500 kPa.
  3. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la largeur des impulsions n'est pas inférieure à 10 »s et n'est pas supérieure à 1 ms et que le rapport de la largeur des impulsions par la distance entre les impulsions est de préférence compris entre 0,02 et 0,1.
  4. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée suivant revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée par le fait que l'intensité de courant de pointe dans l'impulsion est choisie de manière que le rapport de la puissance momentanée dans l'impulsion par la valeur moyenne de la puissance conduit à une montée positive de la caractéristique courant/tension.
  5. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que la décharge est entretenue, entre les impulsions, par un courant de maintien qui est inférieur à la valeur moyenne dans le temps du courant à la puissance nominale.
  6. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée suivant revendication 1 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que le rapport du diamètre intérieur du tube de décharge par la distance entre les électrodes ne dépasse pas la valeur de 0,3.
  7. Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée suivant les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que la lampe est entourée d'un ballon extérieur sous vide ou rempli de gaz, dont la paroi intérieure est revêtue d'une substance fluorescente émettant dans la plage de longueurs d'ondes de 550 à 650 nm.
EP89105243A 1988-03-25 1989-03-23 Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée Expired - Lifetime EP0334355B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD3140318 1988-03-25
DD31403188A DD272166A1 (de) 1988-03-25 1988-03-25 Wandstabilisierte hochdruck-entladungslampe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334355A2 EP0334355A2 (fr) 1989-09-27
EP0334355A3 EP0334355A3 (fr) 1991-04-17
EP0334355B1 true EP0334355B1 (fr) 1995-06-07

Family

ID=5597902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89105243A Expired - Lifetime EP0334355B1 (fr) 1988-03-25 1989-03-23 Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0334355B1 (fr)
DD (1) DD272166A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58909273D1 (fr)
HU (1) HU204624B (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0476186B1 (fr) * 1990-09-17 1995-04-19 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Appareil d'exposition photographique
DE59805987D1 (de) 1997-08-05 2002-11-21 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zum betreiben einer gleichstrom-metallhalogenidbogenlampe und zugehörige schaltungsanordnung
FR2890233B1 (fr) * 2005-08-24 2015-07-17 Claranor Lampe adaptee a la decontamination microbiologique

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB344559I5 (fr) * 1963-06-17
US3624447A (en) * 1969-06-25 1971-11-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of operating a high-pressure gaseous discharge lamp with improved efficiency
US3898504A (en) * 1970-12-09 1975-08-05 Matsushita Electronics Corp High pressure metal vapor discharge lamp
DE2134544A1 (de) * 1971-07-10 1973-01-25 Bron Elektronik Ag Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit im impulsbetrieb arbeitender gasentladungsroehre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58909273D1 (de) 1995-07-13
EP0334355A3 (fr) 1991-04-17
HUT49964A (en) 1989-11-28
DD272166A1 (de) 1989-09-27
EP0334355A2 (fr) 1989-09-27
HU204624B (en) 1992-01-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0733266B1 (fr) Procede permettant de faire fonctionner une source de rayonnenent a emission incoherente
DE69832925T3 (de) Quecksilberfreie Metallhalogenid-Entladungslampe, Spannungsversorgung für eine solche Lampe, sowie Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit einer solchen Lampe
EP0903770B1 (fr) Lampe à halogenures
DE10354868B4 (de) Quecksilber-freie Bogenentladungsröhre für eine Entladungslampeneinheit
DE1464181B2 (de) Elektrische hochdruck dampfentladungslampe
DE3813421A1 (de) Hochdruck-quecksilberdampfentladungslampe
DE1940539A1 (de) Quecksilberdampf-Hochdruckentladungslampe mit Metallhalogenidzusatz
EP0193086A2 (fr) Lampe à décharge à haute pression compacte
DE3917792A1 (de) Leicht zuendende, elektrodenlose entladungslampe hoher intensitaet und hoher lichtausbeute
EP0736222A1 (fr) Lampe halogene a incandescence
DE3109538A1 (de) Leuchtstofflampe mit leuchtstoffkombination
EP0334355B1 (fr) Lampe à décharge à haute pression à paroi stabilisée
DE2819542A1 (de) Niederdruckmetalldampfentladungslampe
DE10044563A1 (de) Niederdruckgasentladungslampe mit kupferhaltiger Gasfüllung
EP0347529B1 (fr) Mode d'opération d'une lampe à vapeur de sodium à haute pression
DE2461568A1 (de) Dampfentladungslampe
EP0334356A1 (fr) Lampe de décharge à vapeur métallique stabilisée par les parois
DE3141854A1 (de) Niederdruckquecksilberdampfentladungslampe
DE1286637B (de) Elektrische Hochdruck-Metalldampf-Entladungslampe
EP2129434B1 (fr) Dispositif de bronzage pour le bronzage de la peau humaine
DE2952022C2 (de) Verwendung eines Amalgams in dem Entladungsgefäß einer Hochdruck-Quecksilberdampfentladungslampe
DE102005046139A1 (de) Quecksilberfreie Metallhalogenidlampe
DE2150740C3 (de) Leuchtstofflampe hoher Intensität
DE3232632A1 (de) Hochdruck-alkalimetalldampflampe mit verbesserter wirksamkeit
DE604600C (de) Elektrische Natriumdampfbogenlampe mit Gluehkathode

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB NL

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: KOMBINAT VEB NARVA

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910716

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: NARVA BERLINER GLUEHLAMPENWERK GMBH

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930907

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: PRIAMOS LICHT, INDUSTRIE & DIENSTLEISTUNGS GMBH

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB NL

ET Fr: translation filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19950605

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58909273

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19950713

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970516

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19980318

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19980323

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19980325

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19980331

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19981201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990323

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990331

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: PRIAMOS LICHT INDUSTRIE & DIENSTLEISTUNGS G.M.B.H

Effective date: 19990331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991001

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19990323

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991130

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19991001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST