EP0896639B1 - Procede et installation de metallisation de tuyaux en fonte - Google Patents
Procede et installation de metallisation de tuyaux en fonte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0896639B1 EP0896639B1 EP97921898A EP97921898A EP0896639B1 EP 0896639 B1 EP0896639 B1 EP 0896639B1 EP 97921898 A EP97921898 A EP 97921898A EP 97921898 A EP97921898 A EP 97921898A EP 0896639 B1 EP0896639 B1 EP 0896639B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- metallizing
- pipe
- gun
- wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
- C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/006—Gas treatment of work, e.g. to prevent oxidation or to create surface effects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of metallization of metallic supports and relates more particularly to the hot metallization of pipes in particular cast iron pipes which are obtained by casting continuous vertical.
- Hot dip galvanizing by liquid parade poses the currently insoluble problem of waterproofing in the liquid bath between the vertical pipe and the metal liquid, as well as the problem of managing a bath healthy (without mattes) and of stable composition over time.
- the pipe to be coated from continuous casting is not rough which makes it impossible to hang a cold coating without preparation of area.
- a pipe free of oxide skin and working temperature must be high or the holding time of the hose must be long.
- the invention aims to produce a coating uniform spread with good impact resistance.
- the invention further aims to achieve a very adherent coating on the outside of a pipe whose position and diameter vary, continuously scrolling in vertical direction and cannot be rotated, everything avoiding subjecting the pipe to thermal quenching.
- the invention further aims to achieve a coating ensuring self-healing of wounds.
- the invention finally aims to achieve a coating which contributes to corrosion resistance in buried situation.
- the spray guns are made to oscillate around the pipe path with a frequency and a angular amplitude adapted to the speed of movement of the pipe in order to obtain a uniform coating in thickness.
- the invention also relates to an installation of metallization of a metal pipe obtained by vertical upward and vertically displaced continuous casting continuously, characterized in that it comprises on the path of the pipe, a metallization station comprising a passage for the pipe, a metallization enclosure, projection guns mounted in said enclosure on an oscillating plate surrounding said path, means for supplying each pistol with metallization material and means for oscillating the support plate and to move the guns in said enclosure in an oscillating movement, the frequency and angular amplitude ensure the realization a uniform coating in thickness.
- the invention further relates to a pipe metallic obtained by vertical casting, characterized in that it includes a metallization coating obtained by the process defined above.
- the projection pistols are three in number and are arranged on the plate at 120 ° from each other.
- projection guns are flame guns or arc pistols.
- the metallization material is an alloy wire Zn x Al 1-x and the means for supplying the metallization material comprise for each gun a reserve of wire and a controlled unwinding device by the oscillation movement of the gun support plate.
- the metallization installation shown in Figure 1 comprises on the path of a pipe T obtained in an ascending vertical continuous casting installation not shown and above this installation, a chimney 1 for the passage of the pipe T during manufacture, into which is injected through a pipe 2, nitrogen to allow the pipe T to move between the outlet of the casting plant and the metallization plant in a protective atmosphere of the surface of the pipe T against oxidation.
- the chimney 1 has a lower part 3 in which the pipe passes progressively during its upward movement from 1100 ° C to 1000 ° C and part upper 4 water-cooled located immediately below of the metallization zone and in which La pipe temperature goes from 1000 ° C to a temperature between 700 and 900 ° C.
- a sliding mask 5 made of insulating material is placed in the chimney 1 at the level of the junction of the lower part 3 and the upper part 4 of it and its displacement in the part upper 4 cooled to control cooling of the pipe T by interposition between the pipe and the wall of said cooled part.
- a metallization enclosure 6 comprising an inclined bottom 7 down, from the center to the periphery, and provided with suction lines 8.
- the bottom 7 is connected to a fall protection cover 9 through which the pipe T coating pass with minimal play to prevent the projected metallization product which does not adhere to the pipe wall does not fall to the bottom of the installation.
- the enclosure further comprises an oscillating plate 10 on which spray guns are mounted such as the flame metallization gun 11.
- Each gun is supplied with metallization wire 12 in a manner which will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4.
- the pistols 11 are for example the number of three and are arranged on the plate 10 at 120 ° one others.
- Each gun 11 projects a jet 13 of material metallization on the pipe T during its movement ascending.
- Projection guns can also be bow pistols.
- They can also consist of liquid metal spraying devices.
- flame guns have the advantage of being a hot technology that does not not disturb the cooling kinetics of the product.
- the flow of flame guns is finer than that of arc pistols.
- the upper wall 14 of the enclosure 6 comprises also suction pipes 15.
- the enclosure 6 is surmounted by a sheath 16 water cooled allowing metallized pipe to exit of the metallization installation at a temperature of 750 ° C and forming a heat shield which avoids heating excessively installation.
- the installation shown in section in figure 2 comprises a platform (not shown) crossed by the pipe in formation, on which the enclosure is mounted metallization provided with the annular plate 10.
- the plate 10 is rotated according to a oscillating movement by a suitable mechanism not shown.
- she carries three flame metallization guns 11.
- the amplitude of angular displacement of the plate 10 and its frequency are a function of the angle of dispersion of the jets 13 of molten metal which are projected the pistols 11 as well as the speed of movement of the pipe T in order to allow the application of a layer of uniform thickness metallization.
- each metallization gun 11 which includes means for supplying oxygen and gas, by means of suitable hoses (not shown), is associated with a product supply device metallization in the form of wire 12.
- Each device includes a reserve of wire 20 and a reel designated by the general reference 21, intended to bring the metallization wire 12 from the reserve of wire 20 to the associated gun 11 taking account of the movements oscillating to which the pistol 11 carried is subjected by the oscillating plate 10.
- the wire 12 advantageously consists of a alloy containing 5 to 15% Al.
- a cored wire formed from a core of Zn surrounded by an Al sheath in which case a Zn 45 Al 55 alloy can be obtained after melting.
- the cored wire can also be formed from an aluminum core and a Zn sheath.
- the metallization wire 12 is placed in the form coil in a drum 22, for example a drum of the type standard for petroleum products with a core central 23 on which the wire spool (not shown) is threaded inside the barrel.
- a frame 25 comprising a bracket 26 which supports a rectifier device of wire 27 with four rollers to which is associated a cone input 28 for wire 12 facing barrel 22.
- a second wheel 34 is mounted oscillating around a point close to the fixing point 32 for fixing the first wheel 30 via a bracket or mobile support 35 to which is suspended a weight 36.
- the weight 36 is fixed to a rod 37 articulated on the gallows 35.
- a third wheel 38 for returning the wire to the plate, arranged above the oscillating plate 10 is fixed to the structure of the installation, not shown.
- a second four-roller wire straightener 40 At the exit of the third wheel 38 is provided a second four-roller wire straightener 40.
- the pistol 11 carries at its rear end opposite its projection nozzle 42, a fourth wheel 44 or wire inlet wheel into the gun, mounted on a swivel support for changing the tilt metallization wire 12 as a function of the oscillations of plate 10.
- the metallization wire 12 is dislodged from the reserve coil contained in drum 22, goes through the entry collar 28, is straightened for the first time in the rectifier 27, passes on the first wheel 30, then under the second wheel 34, then again on the third wheel 38. It is kept in tension by the weight 36 acting on the oscillating bracket 35 for supporting the second wheel 34.
- the gun 11 includes a drive device wire in order to bring it into the melting zone.
- This device known per se and not shown includes a servo motor with tachometer generator incorporated, a transmission assembly with reducers and wire drive wheels and a clamping device pneumatic wheels which, via a piston ensure the tightening of the wire between them.
- the flame gun 11 having a base 46 fixed to the plate 10, is provided at its opposite end to the metallization nozzle 42, a cradle 48 comprising bearings 49.50 on which is oscillatingly mounted a fork 51 for supporting the fourth intake wheel 44.
- Bearings 49 and 50 are oriented radially relative to the oscillating stage 10.
- a guide 52 of the metallization wire 12 at the entry of the wheel 44 is further carried by the fork 51.
- the bearing 50 of the cradle 48 which is the most close to the melting zone of the gun 42 has a axial passage 56 crossed by the wire 12.
- the pistol also has 58.60 tips intended to receive unrepresented supply hoses of the gas and oxygen gun.
- the gas used can advantageously be propane, acetylene or natural gas.
- the ZnAl alloy of the wire is therefore routed to the projection gun 11 fusion zone to be there melted into fine droplets and sprayed.
- the pipe T to be metallized is at the right temperature working, about 800 ° C and free of oxides due to the nitrogen atmosphere surrounding it in the metallization zone, it receives jets 13 emitted by the pistols 11, a mist of droplets of ZnAl who come to stick there.
- the alloy remains liquid on the pipe but does not not flow by capillary action and also due very fast surface oxidation and solidification surface coating as well got.
- the alloy reacts with the melting of the material which constitutes the pipe, to form intermetallics of the Fe x , Al ( 1-x ) type charged with small proportion of interstitial Zn.
- the result is a pipe coated with a exterior coating carried out continuously and perfectly adherent.
- the suction system associated with the enclosure and connected in particular to the suction ducts 8 provided in the bottom 7 and 15 provided in the upper wall 14 thereof allows the recovery of alloy droplets which have not reached the pipe.
- the feed speed of the wire 12 is 3 m / min, its diameter is 4 mm, and its linear mass is 70 g / m.
- the production yield is around 50%.
- the wire is produced either from a Zn 85 Al 15 alloy or in the form of a cored wire with a Zn core allowing a Zn 45 Al 55 alloy to be obtained.
- the angle of rotation of the spray guns 11 is 95 °.
- the projection cycle step is 70 mm.
- the tests carried out made it possible to obtain a coating of 100 g / m 2 to 500 g / m 2 with an alloy of Zn 85 Al 15 .
- the micrograph of a cut of the coating obtained shows clearly the obtaining a broadcast interface.
- the impact tests carried out on the coated pipe allowed to go up to 150 J, that is to say up to the deformation of the pipe without damaging the coating.
- Corrosion characteristics of the coating obtained are of the same level as those that we could obtain by hot dip galvanizing on the same support and with the same alloy.
- the metallization process according to the invention has the advantages over the state of the art following.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la galvanisation à chaud à façon;
- le revêtement de Zn ou de ZnAl en continu de tôles d'acier;
- les méthodes de projection thermique d'alliages de Zn ou de ZnAl;
- le zingage de tuyaux.
- à refroidir le tuyau dans une atmosphère inerte vis-à-vis de l'oxydation jusqu'à une température de 700 à 900°C; et
- à projeter sur le tuyau préalablement refroidi à la température précitée, un alliage de métallisation à base de zinc à l'aide d'un ensemble de pistolets de projection disposés de manière à entourer le trajet du tuyau à métalliser.
- la Fig.1 est une vue schématique en coupe verticale d'une installation de métallisation suivant l'invention;
- la Fig.2 est une vue schématique en coupe suivant la ligne 2-2 de la figure 1;
- la Fig.3 est une vue schématique partielle de côté de l'installation de métallisation de la figure 1;
- la Fig.4 est une vue en coupe partielle d'un pistolet à flamme de l'installation; et
- la Fig.5 est une micrographie d'un revêtement obtenu par le procédé suivant l'invention.
Claims (21)
- Procédé de métallisation d'un tuyau métallique obtenu par coulée verticale et déplacé verticalement en continu selon un mouvement ascendant, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste:à refroidir le tuyau dans une atmosphère inerte vis-à-vis de l'oxydation jusqu'à une température de 700 à 900°C; età projeter sur le tuyau préalablement refroidi à la température précitée, un alliage de métallisation à base de zinc à l'aide d'un ensemble de pistolets de projection disposés de manière à entourer le trajet du tuyau à métalliser.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage à base de zinc est du ZnxAl1-x.
- Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de métallisation se présente sous la forme d'un fil.
- Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit fil est un fil d'un alliage comprenant entre 5 et 15% de Al.
- Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit fil est un fil de Zn85Al15.
- Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit fil est un fil fourré formé d'une àme de Zn entourée d'une gaine d'Al permettant d'obtenir après fusion un alliage Zn45Al55.
- Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit fil est un fil fourré formé d'une âme d'Al entourée d'une gaine de Zn.
- Installation de métallisation d'un tuyau métallique obtenu par coulée continue verticale ascendante et déplacé verticalement en continu, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend sur le trajet du tuyau, une station de métallisation comprenant un passage pour le tuyau, une enceinte de métallisation (6), des pistolets de projection (11) montés dans ladite enceinte sur une platine oscillante (10) entourant ledit trajet, des moyens (20,21) d'alimentation de chaque pistolet en matériau de métallisation (12) et des moyens pour faire osciller la platine de support et pour déplacer les pistolets dans ladite enceinte selon un mouvement oscillant dont la fréquence et l'amplitude angulaire assurent la réalisation d'un revêtement uniforme en épaisseur.
- Installation suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le passage pour le tuyau (T) à revêtir comporte une partie inférieure (3), une partie supérieure (4) refroidie à l'eau, un masque coulissant (5) de contrôle de refroidissement du tuyau (T) étant disposé à la jonction des parties inférieure (3) et supérieure (4), l'enceinte de métallisation (6) étant disposée au-dessus de ladite partie supérieure (4) et étant surmontée par une gaine (16) refroidie à l'eau.
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisée en ce que les pistolets de projection (11) sont au nombre de trois et sont disposés sur la platine à 120° les uns des autres.
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les pistolets de projection (11) sont des pistolets à flamme ou des pistolets à arc.
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisée en ce que le matériau de métallisation (12) est un fil d'alliage ZnAl et les moyens d'alimentation en matériau de métallisation comprennent pour chaque pistolet une réserve de fil (20) et un dévidoir (21) commandé par le mouvement d'oscillation de la platine (10) de support des pistolets munis de moyens d'entraínement du fil.
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte de métallisation (6) comporte un fond (7) incliné vers le bas, du centre vers la périphérie et pourvu d'orifices d'aspiration (8), ledit fond (7) étant raccordé en son centre à un capot anti-chutes (9) à travers lequel le tuyau (T) à revêtir, passe avec un jeu minimal afin d'éviter que le produit de métallisation projeté qui n'adhère pas à la paroi du tuyau ne tombe vers le bas de l'installation.
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'alimentation de chaque pistolet (11) en produit de métallisation (12) comprennent une réserve de fil (20) et un dispositif de dévidage dudit fil à partir de la réserve et d'amenée vers le pistolet (11) correspondant.
- Installation suivant la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que la réserve de fil associée à chaque pistolet (11) comprend un fût (22) de réception d'une bobine de fil de métallisation pourvu d'un noyau central (23) sur lequel la bobine de fil est enfilée.
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 14 et 15, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de dévidage du fil de métallisation comprend un ensemble de roues (30,34,38) d'acheminement du fil (12) de la réserve (20) jusqu'au-dessus de la platine oscillante (10) et une roue (44) d'admission dans le pistolet (11) correspondant du fil provenant de l'ensemble de roues (30,34,38), ladite roue d'admission étant montée oscillante sur le pistolet selon une direction radiale de ladite platine (10), son orientation suivant les oscillations de ladite platine (10).
- Installation suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble de roues (30,34,38) comporte une première roue (30) supportant le fil (12) portée par un support fixe (31), une seconde roue (34) passant sur le fil (12) portée par un support oscillant (35) auquel sont associés des moyens (36,37) de tension du fil (12) et une troisième roue (38) de renvoi du fil (12) vers la roue (44) d'admission du fil dans le pistolet (11).
- Installation suivant la revendication 17, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de dévidage comporte en outre entre le fût (22) et la première roue (30), un cône d'entrée (28) pour le fil (12) et un premier dispositif redresseur de fil (27) et à la sortie de la troisième roue (38), un second dispositif redresseur de fil (40).
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 17 et 18, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de tension du fil (12) comprennent un poids (36) suspendu au support oscillant (35) de la seconde roue (34).
- Installation suivant l'une des revendications 16 à 19, caractérisée en ce que la roue (44) d'admission du fil (12) dans le pistolet (11) est montée oscillante dans un berceau (48) de celui-ci au moyen d'une fourche (51) et de paliers (49,50) disposés radialement par rapport à la platine oscillante (10), le palier (50) le plus proche de la zone de fusion du pistolet (11) comprenant un passage (56) traversé par le fil (12).
- Tuyau métallique obtenu par coulée continue verticale ascendante, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un revêtement de métallisation obtenu par le procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9605510 | 1996-05-02 | ||
FR9605510A FR2748278B1 (fr) | 1996-05-02 | 1996-05-02 | Procede et installation de metallisation de tuyaux en fonte |
PCT/FR1997/000756 WO1997042355A1 (fr) | 1996-05-02 | 1997-04-28 | Procede et installation de metallisation de tuyaux en fonte |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0896639A1 EP0896639A1 (fr) | 1999-02-17 |
EP0896639B1 true EP0896639B1 (fr) | 2001-08-29 |
Family
ID=9491776
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97921898A Expired - Lifetime EP0896639B1 (fr) | 1996-05-02 | 1997-04-28 | Procede et installation de metallisation de tuyaux en fonte |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6214420B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0896639B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2000509764A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1202276C (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2779497A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9709140A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2252948C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69706415T2 (fr) |
EG (1) | EG21502A (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2160349T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2748278B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2163271C2 (fr) |
SA (1) | SA97180186B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997042355A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10140465B4 (de) * | 2001-08-17 | 2005-06-30 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Siliziumcarbidfaser |
US9439277B2 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2016-09-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Robotically applied hardfacing with pre-heat |
US8450637B2 (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2013-05-28 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Apparatus for automated application of hardfacing material to drill bits |
WO2010053710A2 (fr) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-05-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Procédé et appareil pour soudage robotique de trépans |
DE102009038013A1 (de) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-02-24 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Oberflächen-Beschichtung zumindest eines Teils eines Grundkörpers |
WO2011162747A1 (fr) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-12-29 | Line Travel Automated Coating Inc. | Système d'application de revêtement à plusieurs composants avec système de purge à gaz comprimé et mécanisme de basculement d'embout de pulvérisation |
JP2015063738A (ja) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-09 | 日本鋳鉄管株式会社 | アーク溶射方法および装置 |
JP2014167171A (ja) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-09-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 溶射設備 |
CN105014027B (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-03-22 | 天津市中重科技工程有限公司 | 一种用于高速连铸机的钢水预冷却装置 |
CN107805774B (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-07-02 | 新兴河北工程技术有限公司 | 一种球墨铸铁管用锌丝传导机构 |
CN109778097A (zh) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-21 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | 一种钢丝热镀锌或锌合金的感应加热熔覆装置及方法 |
CN114134448B (zh) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江康盛热交换器有限公司 | 制冷铝管旋转喷锌装置 |
CN115181929A (zh) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-14 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | 一种喷锌装置及其控制方法 |
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US1978415A (en) * | 1931-12-24 | 1934-10-30 | Moore Drop Forging Company | Method of uniting metals |
GB763368A (en) * | 1954-03-31 | 1956-12-12 | Barrow Steel Works Ltd | Improvements relating to the coating of steel strip or the like |
GB1449162A (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1976-09-15 | Wellworthy Ltd | Method for reinforcing pistons |
JPS5832688A (ja) * | 1981-08-21 | 1983-02-25 | Kubota Ltd | 炭化水素の熱分解、改質用に供する反応器用被覆管の製造方法 |
JPS6176658A (ja) * | 1984-09-22 | 1986-04-19 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 溶融金属のめつき方法 |
FR2574328B1 (fr) * | 1984-12-07 | 1987-01-09 | Pont A Mousson | Dispositif d'alimentation rotative en fonte liquide d'une installation de coulee continue verticale d'un tuyau en fonte a graphite speroidal |
JPH01157794A (ja) * | 1987-09-09 | 1989-06-21 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | ろう付用アルミニウム素材,その製法及びアルミニウム合金製熱交換器の製法 |
US5133126A (en) * | 1988-08-09 | 1992-07-28 | Furukawa Aluminum Co., Ltd. | Method of producing aluminum tube covered with zinc |
US5476725A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1995-12-19 | Aluminum Company Of America | Clad metallurgical products and methods of manufacture |
BR9200089A (pt) * | 1992-01-03 | 1993-07-06 | Cofap | Processo de revestimento de aneis de pistao por aspersao termica |
FR2701754B1 (fr) * | 1993-02-18 | 1995-04-07 | Pont A Mousson | Elément de tuyauterie pour canalisation enterrée, canalisation enterrée correspondante, et procédé de protection d'un tel élément de tuyauterie. |
US5482734A (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1996-01-09 | The Miller Group, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling an electric arc spraying process |
JPH1046314A (ja) * | 1996-08-06 | 1998-02-17 | Kubota Corp | 外面耐食管の製造方法 |
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1996
- 1996-05-02 FR FR9605510A patent/FR2748278B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-28 WO PCT/FR1997/000756 patent/WO1997042355A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-28 CN CN97195623.5A patent/CN1202276C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-28 AU AU27794/97A patent/AU2779497A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-28 EP EP97921898A patent/EP0896639B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-28 ES ES97921898T patent/ES2160349T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-28 DE DE69706415T patent/DE69706415T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-28 CA CA002252948A patent/CA2252948C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-28 BR BR9709140A patent/BR9709140A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-28 RU RU98121700/02A patent/RU2163271C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-28 JP JP9539578A patent/JP2000509764A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-28 US US09/171,974 patent/US6214420B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-30 EG EG35997A patent/EG21502A/xx active
- 1997-06-30 SA SA97180186A patent/SA97180186B1/ar unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6214420B1 (en) | 2001-04-10 |
FR2748278B1 (fr) | 1998-05-29 |
EG21502A (en) | 2001-11-28 |
JP2000509764A (ja) | 2000-08-02 |
WO1997042355A1 (fr) | 1997-11-13 |
AU2779497A (en) | 1997-11-26 |
FR2748278A1 (fr) | 1997-11-07 |
ES2160349T3 (es) | 2001-11-01 |
RU2163271C2 (ru) | 2001-02-20 |
CA2252948A1 (fr) | 1997-11-13 |
SA97180186B1 (ar) | 2005-07-02 |
DE69706415D1 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
DE69706415T2 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
BR9709140A (pt) | 1999-08-03 |
CN1222202A (zh) | 1999-07-07 |
CA2252948C (fr) | 2002-04-09 |
CN1202276C (zh) | 2005-05-18 |
EP0896639A1 (fr) | 1999-02-17 |
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