US1978415A - Method of uniting metals - Google Patents

Method of uniting metals Download PDF

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Publication number
US1978415A
US1978415A US583108A US58310831A US1978415A US 1978415 A US1978415 A US 1978415A US 583108 A US583108 A US 583108A US 58310831 A US58310831 A US 58310831A US 1978415 A US1978415 A US 1978415A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piece
forging
casting
hot
metals
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Expired - Lifetime
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US583108A
Inventor
John M Collins
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MOORE DROP FORGING CO Inc
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MOORE DROP FORGING CO Inc
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Priority to US583108A priority Critical patent/US1978415A/en
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Publication of US1978415A publication Critical patent/US1978415A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C12/00—Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
    • C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S29/00—Metal working
    • Y10S29/039—Spraying with other step

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is to provide a new method of uniting metals, and particularly relates to an improvement or modification of the method described and claimed in an application for patcut by Albert W. Morris filed Nov. 21, 1931, Serial
  • the method described and claimed in said application for patent has particular reference to impregnating the surface of a ferrous article to a suitable depth with a metal or alloy having an ailinity for nitrogen.
  • the specific way this impregnating is obtained in the method described in said application is by immersing the ferrous article while hot in a bath of molten metal having an affinity for nitrogen.
  • the broad method above described can be carried out by coating the metal piece with a spray of molten metal having a relatively lower melting point than the metal piece, the metal piece being kept at a temperature above the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation.
  • the specific method can be practiced by impregnating the surface of a ferrous casting or forging by coating the same with a spray of molten metal or alloy having an affinity for nitrogen, the casting or forging being kept at a temperature above that of the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation.
  • the heat used in making the casting or forging is employed as far as possible to maintain the piece to be treated at the temperature specified.
  • Fig. 1 is an end elevation of enough of an apparatus to illustrate how the method may be practiced
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.
  • A--A designate spraying nozzles such as are usually employed in hot spraying. These nozzles may be arranged on a screw B so that they may travel back and forth by rotating the screw alternately in different directions.
  • C--C designate centers on which the forging or casting F to be treated can be held. One of these centers preferably is provided with flutes or grooves so that by rotating the same, the piece F is rotated so that its entire surface can be sprayed.
  • a number of gas jets can be arranged to maintain the piece F at the desired temperature.
  • the piece F is taken as hot as possible after it has been shaped by the forging or casting process, and placed on the centers and rotated, and sprayed by the nozzles.
  • the same is made of iron or steel, or of any suitable ferrous alloy, and the spray is formed of a molten metal having an aflinity for nitrogen.
  • This molten metal usually is aluminum or some aluminum alloy, known in the 05 art as susceptible of hardening by being subjected to free nitrogen.
  • a rust resisting compound may be sprayed on a hot piece or a babbltting alloy or bearing material may be sprayed on a hot shaft or journal.
  • themethod may be applied to many different purposes.
  • the method of making a ferrous, cast or forged piece nitridable which consists in taking the piece as hot as possible after casting or forging, and coating and impregnating the surface thereof with a spray of a molten metal or alloy having an ailinity for nitrogen, the temperature of the piece being above the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Oct. 30, 1934. J. M. CQLLINS 1,978,415
METHOD OF UNITING METALS Filed Dec. 24, 1931 gwuento z Jam, /Y. @0015,
Oct. 30,1934. J, coLLlNs METHOD OF UNITING METALS Filed Dec. 24, 1951 Jmntoc Patented Oct. 30, 1934 METHOD or um'rme METALS John M. Collins, Springfield, Mam, assignor to Moore Drop Forging Company, Springfield, Mass, a corporation of Massachusetts Application December 24, 1931, Serial No. 583,108
2 Claims.
The object of this invention is to provide a new method of uniting metals, and particularly relates to an improvement or modification of the method described and claimed in an application for patcut by Albert W. Morris filed Nov. 21, 1931, Serial The method described and claimed in said application for patent has particular reference to impregnating the surface of a ferrous article to a suitable depth with a metal or alloy having an ailinity for nitrogen. The specific way this impregnating is obtained in the method described in said application is by immersing the ferrous article while hot in a bath of molten metal having an affinity for nitrogen.
I have found that the broad method above described can be carried out by coating the metal piece with a spray of molten metal having a relatively lower melting point than the metal piece, the metal piece being kept at a temperature above the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation.
The specific method can be practiced by impregnating the surface of a ferrous casting or forging by coating the same with a spray of molten metal or alloy having an affinity for nitrogen, the casting or forging being kept at a temperature above that of the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation. Preferably the heat used in making the casting or forging is employed as far as possible to maintain the piece to be treated at the temperature specified.
Many forms of apparatus can be devised for carrying out my improved method, and one simple apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:---
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of enough of an apparatus to illustrate how the method may be practiced, and
Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.
Referring to the drawing and in detail, A--A designate spraying nozzles such as are usually employed in hot spraying. These nozzles may be arranged on a screw B so that they may travel back and forth by rotating the screw alternately in different directions. C--C designate centers on which the forging or casting F to be treated can be held. One of these centers preferably is provided with flutes or grooves so that by rotating the same, the piece F is rotated so that its entire surface can be sprayed.
If desired a number of gas jets can be arranged to maintain the piece F at the desired temperature.
In operation, the piece F is taken as hot as possible after it has been shaped by the forging or casting process, and placed on the centers and rotated, and sprayed by the nozzles.
If the article is to be prepared for the nitriding process, the same is made of iron or steel, or of any suitable ferrous alloy, and the spray is formed of a molten metal having an aflinity for nitrogen. This molten metal usually is aluminum or some aluminum alloy, known in the 05 art as susceptible of hardening by being subjected to free nitrogen.
By spraying in this manner, there will be a considerable penetration of the spray into the surface of the article treated so that when the same is nitrided a hard shell will be formed thereon.
The method can be practiced with other metals. For instance, a rust resisting compound may be sprayed on a hot piece or a babbltting alloy or bearing material may be sprayed on a hot shaft or journal. Thus themethod may be applied to many different purposes.
Many other forms of apparatus may be devised by a skilled mechanic for practicing my improved method without departing from the scope of the invention as specified in the claims.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
l. The method of making a ferrous, cast or forged piece nitridable, which consists in taking the piece as hot as possible after casting or forging, and coating and impregnating the surface thereof with a spray of a molten metal or alloy having an ailinity for nitrogen, the temperature of the piece being above the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation.
2. The method of making a ferrous, cast or forged piece nitridable, which consists in taking the piece as hot as possible after casting or forging, and coating and impregnating the surface thereof with a spray of a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy, and maintaining the temperature of the piece above the melting point of the sprayed material during the operation.
JOHN M. COLLINS.
US583108A 1931-12-24 1931-12-24 Method of uniting metals Expired - Lifetime US1978415A (en)

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2433121A (en) * 1944-01-29 1947-12-23 Beloit Iron Works Drier drum
US2631948A (en) * 1949-05-23 1953-03-17 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method and apparatus for gas plating
US2648567A (en) * 1948-06-08 1953-08-11 Joseph B Brennan Metallizing gun
US2674788A (en) * 1949-03-03 1954-04-13 Collins Radio Co Method of forming vacuum-tight metal-to-vitreous seals
US2683436A (en) * 1949-04-09 1954-07-13 Columbia Cable & Electric Corp Apparatus for the metal spray coating of tubes
US2707691A (en) * 1952-08-08 1955-05-03 Norton Co Coating metals and other materials with oxide and articles made thereby
US2763576A (en) * 1949-05-23 1956-09-18 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method for gas plating
US2794448A (en) * 1949-04-09 1957-06-04 Columbia Cable & Electric Corp Art of spray coating of tubes
US2876732A (en) * 1954-01-13 1959-03-10 Dewrance & Co Apparatus for depositing an annular metal coating upon a work-piece
US2881489A (en) * 1956-02-17 1959-04-14 Otto N Wanek Electric arc furnace and the process of preparing castings
US2927371A (en) * 1953-01-23 1960-03-08 Armco Steel Corp Method of continuously forming welded coated steel tubing
US3369922A (en) * 1966-08-09 1968-02-20 Joseph G. Svrchek Method for applying heat reactive coatings
US3864164A (en) * 1971-10-22 1975-02-04 British Steel Corp Method for depositing protective coatings on carbon articles
US3951103A (en) * 1971-10-22 1976-04-20 British Steel Corporation Apparatus for creating protective coatings on carbon articles
US4099481A (en) * 1976-09-30 1978-07-11 Eutectic Corporation Apparatus for applying metal coatings to a metal substrate
US4684384A (en) * 1986-02-27 1987-08-04 Corning Glass Works Conveyor deposition method and apparatus for making optical fiber preforms
US5090361A (en) * 1988-05-26 1992-02-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Coating apparatus
FR2748278A1 (en) * 1996-05-02 1997-11-07 Pont A Mousson METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR METALLIZING CAST IRON
WO1997044502A1 (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-11-27 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal Metal coating apparatus and method

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2433121A (en) * 1944-01-29 1947-12-23 Beloit Iron Works Drier drum
US2648567A (en) * 1948-06-08 1953-08-11 Joseph B Brennan Metallizing gun
US2674788A (en) * 1949-03-03 1954-04-13 Collins Radio Co Method of forming vacuum-tight metal-to-vitreous seals
US2683436A (en) * 1949-04-09 1954-07-13 Columbia Cable & Electric Corp Apparatus for the metal spray coating of tubes
US2794448A (en) * 1949-04-09 1957-06-04 Columbia Cable & Electric Corp Art of spray coating of tubes
US2631948A (en) * 1949-05-23 1953-03-17 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method and apparatus for gas plating
US2763576A (en) * 1949-05-23 1956-09-18 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method for gas plating
US2707691A (en) * 1952-08-08 1955-05-03 Norton Co Coating metals and other materials with oxide and articles made thereby
US2927371A (en) * 1953-01-23 1960-03-08 Armco Steel Corp Method of continuously forming welded coated steel tubing
US2876732A (en) * 1954-01-13 1959-03-10 Dewrance & Co Apparatus for depositing an annular metal coating upon a work-piece
US2881489A (en) * 1956-02-17 1959-04-14 Otto N Wanek Electric arc furnace and the process of preparing castings
US3369922A (en) * 1966-08-09 1968-02-20 Joseph G. Svrchek Method for applying heat reactive coatings
US3864164A (en) * 1971-10-22 1975-02-04 British Steel Corp Method for depositing protective coatings on carbon articles
US3951103A (en) * 1971-10-22 1976-04-20 British Steel Corporation Apparatus for creating protective coatings on carbon articles
US4099481A (en) * 1976-09-30 1978-07-11 Eutectic Corporation Apparatus for applying metal coatings to a metal substrate
US4684384A (en) * 1986-02-27 1987-08-04 Corning Glass Works Conveyor deposition method and apparatus for making optical fiber preforms
US5090361A (en) * 1988-05-26 1992-02-25 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Coating apparatus
FR2748278A1 (en) * 1996-05-02 1997-11-07 Pont A Mousson METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR METALLIZING CAST IRON
WO1997042355A1 (en) * 1996-05-02 1997-11-13 Pont-A-Mousson S.A. Method and installation for metallizing cast-iron pipes
US6214420B1 (en) 1996-05-02 2001-04-10 Pont-A-Mousson Process and plant for metallization of cast-iron pipes
WO1997044502A1 (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-11-27 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal Metal coating apparatus and method

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