US1761850A - Process for coating, impregnating, or alloying metals and other materials with aluminum and aluminum alloys - Google Patents
Process for coating, impregnating, or alloying metals and other materials with aluminum and aluminum alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1761850A US1761850A US172207A US17220727A US1761850A US 1761850 A US1761850 A US 1761850A US 172207 A US172207 A US 172207A US 17220727 A US17220727 A US 17220727A US 1761850 A US1761850 A US 1761850A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- coating
- impregnating
- article
- materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/58—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in more than one step
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved'process for impregnating metals and other suitable materials with aluminum and aluminum alloys, rimarily for the urpose of rendering oorrodi le metals and ot or materials incorrodible when exposed to high temperatures.
- The-object of the present invention is to obtain more readily a thorough and effective impregnation into the surface of the foundation material.
- a coatin as distinct from a modified surface'of the foundation material due to impregnation, may or may not be ated surface.
- the thorough impregnation obtained according to this invention secures adequate protection and moreover the properties or characteristics of the foundation metal are substantially unaltered.
- an article or object of metal or other material suitable therefor is given a coating of cadmium, whereupon the coated article or object is treated with aluminum or an alloy of aluminum.
- the coating of cadmium is preferably made as thin as possiblecom atible with a sound envelope and may be e ected by electrolytic deposition.
- the treatment with aluminum or alloy thereof differs in accordance with the result desired.
- the article to which a coating as aforesaid has been given is immersed in molten aluminum or ahminuniplloy.
- the basic metal will become impregnated or alloyed with the aluminum or alumi-- num alloy, while there will be at the surface of the article a coating thereof.
- the bath temperature may be from 700 C. to 960. C. according to the type of finish required.
- the result desired is obtained, it is withdrawn, any surplus metal removed, and the article allowed to cool naturall ing atmosphere, or may e quenched or treated such other manner as may be desired to obtain specific characteristics. Large articles ma'y be re-heated to prevent unnecessa cooling 0 the molten bath.
- Copper and copper alloys when similarly treated readily alloy-at the surface with the or in a non-oxidi zaluminum or aluminum alloy used. Care must be taken that the temperature at whichthey are treated does not exceed the melting point of the basic metal.
- an article e. g. of iron or steel, impregnated with cadmium as afore said is placed in a closed container together with powdered aluminum or aluminum alloy (alone or in combination with other metals or salts); the article need not be brought into contact with the powder itself but may be so arranged that the vapours gen-v erated from the powder come into intimate contact with the said articles.
- the container is then subjected to the required temperature and for the time necessary to give the desired result.
- Articles may be treated in this manner at from 650 C. to 1000 C. for half an hour or longer according to the basic metal, size of article and thedepth of penetration desired.
- the invention is applicable to all articles or objects to which a coating of cadmium can be applied although of course the depth to which the aluminum or aluminum alloy can penetrate depends on the substance surfaced with cadmium. As cadmium can be deposited on plumbago it will be seen that a variety of materials can be so coated.
- What I claim is 1.
- a process of impregnating a foundation article with a surface alloy of a substance comprising aluminum which consists in first treating the article with cadmium and then treating the article with a substance comprising aluminum, the second treatment being carried out at a temperature below 900 C.
- a process of impregnating a foundation article with surface allo of a substance comprising aluminum which consists in first treating the article with cadmium and then treating the article with a molten substance comprising aluminum at a temperature between 700 C. and 900 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Description
WALTER srn'rn,
"formed as well above the impre Patented June 3, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT omcaor m'rmroon, ENGLAND, ASBIGNOB 'ro 'rrm mu. oonm,-nmrrnn, or LONDON, ENGLAND 2300138 103 OOATING, mBEGNATING, OR ALLOY ING METALS AND OTHER- KATI- BIALS WITH ALUKINUI AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS llo Drawing. Application fled Iaroh 8 1887, Serial 1T0. 172,207, and in Great Britain larch I'l, 1986. t
This invention relates to an improved'process for impregnating metals and other suitable materials with aluminum and aluminum alloys, rimarily for the urpose of rendering oorrodi le metals and ot or materials incorrodible when exposed to high temperatures.
It has been previously been proposed as a preliminary step to coating with aluminum or aluminum allo to coat "iron,..steel and other metals with tin, zinc, or an easily fusible metal and then to immerse the preliminary coated metal into a bath of molten aluminum or aluminum alloy with the object of superimposing a coating of aluminum or aluminum alloy on the surface of the foundation metal.
The-object of the present invention is to obtain more readily a thorough and effective impregnation into the surface of the foundation material. A coatin as distinct from a modified surface'of the foundation material due to impregnation, may or may not be ated surface. Generally speaking, for e purpose of protection against corrosion and the eflfects of high temperatures .there is no advantage in having a distinct coating of alumimun since the thorough impregnation obtained according to this invention secures adequate protection and moreover the properties or characteristics of the foundation metal are substantially unaltered.
According to this invention an article or object of metal or other material suitable therefor, is given a coating of cadmium, whereupon the coated article or object is treated with aluminum or an alloy of aluminum.
The coating of cadmium is preferably made as thin as possiblecom atible with a sound envelope and may be e ected by electrolytic deposition.
The treatment with aluminum or alloy thereof differs in accordance with the result desired.
By one methodthe article to which a coating as aforesaid has been given is immersed in molten aluminum or ahminuniplloy.
According to the basic iiietaiigareated. the time of immersion and thetemfie 'fetfure of the bath, the basic metal will become impregnated or alloyed with the aluminum or alumi-- num alloy, while there will be at the surface of the article a coating thereof.
When treating ferrous metals the bath temperature may be from 700 C. to 960. C. according to the type of finish required. When the result desired is obtained, it is withdrawn, any surplus metal removed, and the article allowed to cool naturall ing atmosphere, or may e quenched or treated such other manner as may be desired to obtain specific characteristics. Large articles ma'y be re-heated to prevent unnecessa cooling 0 the molten bath.
y this method mild steel articles to thick and treated at 800 C.-900 C. have been found to obtain a coatin of aluminum eqpal to..68 ozs. per square oot of surface a man immersion of one minute; of this coating approximately .26 ozs. per square foot is as metallic aluminum at the surface and .42 ozs. per square foot is alloyed with the steel below the surface.
Copper and copper alloys when similarly treated readily alloy-at the surface with the or in a non-oxidi zaluminum or aluminum alloy used. Care must be taken that the temperature at whichthey are treated does not exceed the melting point of the basic metal.
By another method an article e. g. of iron or steel, impregnated with cadmium as afore said is placed in a closed container together with powdered aluminum or aluminum alloy (alone or in combination with other metals or salts); the article need not be brought into contact with the powder itself but may be so arranged that the vapours gen-v erated from the powder come into intimate contact with the said articles. The container is then subjected to the required temperature and for the time necessary to give the desired result. Articles may be treated in this manner at from 650 C. to 1000 C. for half an hour or longer according to the basic metal, size of article and thedepth of penetration desired.
It will readily be understood that the invention is applicable to all articles or objects to which a coating of cadmium can be applied although of course the depth to which the aluminum or aluminum alloy can penetrate depends on the substance surfaced with cadmium. As cadmium can be deposited on plumbago it will be seen that a variety of materials can be so coated.
What I claim is 1. A process of impregnating a foundation article with a surface alloy of a substance comprising aluminum, which consists in first treating the article with cadmium and then treating the article with a substance comprising aluminum, the second treatment being carried out at a temperature below 900 C.
2. A process of impregnating a foundation article with surface allo of a substance comprising aluminum, which consists in first treating the article with cadmium and then treating the article with a molten substance comprising aluminum at a temperature between 700 C. and 900 C.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name this eighth day of Februar 1927.
ALTER SMITH.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1761850X | 1928-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1761850A true US1761850A (en) | 1930-06-03 |
Family
ID=10890067
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US172207A Expired - Lifetime US1761850A (en) | 1928-03-17 | 1927-03-02 | Process for coating, impregnating, or alloying metals and other materials with aluminum and aluminum alloys |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1761850A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2735163A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | Composite magnesium-iron articles | ||
| US2970068A (en) * | 1955-03-07 | 1961-01-31 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making a composite stock |
| US3457097A (en) * | 1964-02-10 | 1969-07-22 | Yawata Seitetsu Kk | Method of coating ferrous metal with molten aluminum |
| US3867177A (en) * | 1972-01-05 | 1975-02-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Impregnation of porous body with metal |
-
1927
- 1927-03-02 US US172207A patent/US1761850A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2735163A (en) * | 1956-02-21 | Composite magnesium-iron articles | ||
| US2970068A (en) * | 1955-03-07 | 1961-01-31 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making a composite stock |
| US3457097A (en) * | 1964-02-10 | 1969-07-22 | Yawata Seitetsu Kk | Method of coating ferrous metal with molten aluminum |
| US3867177A (en) * | 1972-01-05 | 1975-02-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Impregnation of porous body with metal |
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