EP0865660A2 - Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation

Info

Publication number
EP0865660A2
EP0865660A2 EP96946021A EP96946021A EP0865660A2 EP 0865660 A2 EP0865660 A2 EP 0865660A2 EP 96946021 A EP96946021 A EP 96946021A EP 96946021 A EP96946021 A EP 96946021A EP 0865660 A2 EP0865660 A2 EP 0865660A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control device
coil
magnetic flux
magnet system
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96946021A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0865660B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Ultsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0865660A2 publication Critical patent/EP0865660A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0865660B1 publication Critical patent/EP0865660B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F2007/1894—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings minimizing impact energy on closure of magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H2047/046—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current with measuring of the magnetic field, e.g. of the magnetic flux, for the control of coil current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for switching devices, in particular for contactors or relays, with a magnet system which comprises a coil consisting of armature and yoke, and with a regulating device for regulating the magnetic flux in the magnet system.
  • the drives of switching devices usually work with magnetic systems, which previously had to be adapted to the voltage level of the switching device and / or the type of drive. As a result, a large number of coil variants is particularly necessary.
  • Coils can be switched by an auxiliary switch. Furthermore, a clocked coil voltage has already been proposed during the holding phase. The clock ratio determines the effective coil current. Switching takes place after a fixed time when the contactor is securely closed.
  • Holding coil is regulated in the closed state of the holding magnet. To reduce the holding power, is done a switching of threshold values for the current control after a predetermined time. The flow measurement via a Hall probe is used as a measure of the current control.
  • an electromagnetic switching device with a hinged armature system is known, in which the leakage flux is detected with a Hall sensor and in which the power supplied to the coil is regulated via the determined quantity proportional to the magnetic flux. A leakage flux is also detected by generating a magnetic shunt to detect the smallest air gaps in DE 36 37 133.
  • a contactor with a flux sensor is known, in which there is a Hall sensor in the yoke of the magnet system, the signal of which is used to control the electrical excitation of the contactor to a predetermined flux value.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify a control device for switching devices of the type mentioned at the beginning.
  • the aim is a reduced holding power of the magnet system on the one hand and an increase in the mechanical and electrical life on the other.
  • the control device should be used with different switching devices be so that fewer coil variants are necessary and the magnet systems themselves should be able to be built smaller than hitherto.
  • the object is achieved in that the magnetic flux is controlled to a predetermined range with the control device, which is independent of time and distance.
  • the control device preferably detects the magnetic flux through the coil, i.e. the coil flow is regulated.
  • the width of the region for the regulated coil flux is in particular between 0.01 and 10%, preferably between 0.05 and 5%, of the magnetic flux.
  • the width of the area for the coil flow can be selected in particular as a function of the switching frequency.
  • the invention was based on the nontrivial finding that the setpoint of the magnetic flux in the coil can advantageously be selected independently of the state and position. Measurements on a specific contactor have shown that to achieve the pulling force in the open state and to achieve the holding force when the magnet system is closed, approximately the same value for the magnetic one
  • Coil flow is required. In the closed state, a considerably smaller current builds up this flow, since there is a greater inductance or a smaller magnetic resistance.
  • the value for the magnetic flux is independent of the voltage level by adapting the number of turns of the coil. This results in a decisive advantage over the prior art, in which the magnetic flux must be preselected as a function of time in order to simplify the construction of the magnet system. It is also advantageous that the conditions determined on a specific contactor also apply to others
  • Contactor sizes are transferable.
  • appropriately adapted conditions can also be achieved by changing the forced air gap in the yoke of the magnet system.
  • Figure 1 shows the basic structure of a control device for a magnet system
  • Figure 2 is a diagram with regulated to a narrow range
  • FIG. 3 the principle of the detection of the coil flux in the magnet system by an auxiliary coil
  • FIG. 4 the detection of the coil flux by a
  • Magnetic field probe and Figure 5 shows the construction of a magnet system from yoke and armature, in which in particular the importance of the forced air gap can be seen.
  • 1 represents a coil that is part of a gastric system for a switching device. Especially in figure
  • the coil 1 is indicated as electrical inductance and connected to the connection terminals of an AC network via a rectifier bridge 5.
  • the coil 1 is a sensor
  • 10 denotes the actual device for regulating the magnetic flux. It includes a unit 11 for threshold detection and a unit 12 for voltage monitoring, and also a controllable switching element 13.
  • the voltage monitoring in unit 12 ensures that the switch-on process is only released when a defined switch-on threshold is exceeded, for example at 70% nominal voltage. This can prevent the contactor from sticking to the main contacts and welding.
  • the magnetic flux through coil 1 i.e. the coil flux, but not the magnetic flux in the working gap of the magnet system is detected during the switch-on process and used for control.
  • An upper and lower threshold is set for the coil flow.
  • the switching element 13 remains closed as long as the coil flow remains below the upper threshold. When the upper threshold is exceeded, the switching element 13 is opened and the coil flow becomes smaller again. When falling below the lower threshold, the switching element 13 is closed again.
  • the coil flow can thus be regulated to a range which is between 0.01 and 10% of the coil flow, in particular between 0.05 and 5%.
  • FIG. 2 For a more detailed specification of the control range, tests were carried out on the Siemens 3TF56 contactor in order to obtain the basics for simulation calculations. These are illustrated in FIG. 2, in which the magnetic flux ⁇ on the one hand and the associated current I on the other hand are shown as a function of time. For example, it results that for a coil flow from 1.35 to 1.4 Vs, a switching frequency of 400 Hz and a window width of about 3.6%. Since a frequency outside the listening range, ie above about 20 kHz, would be desirable if possible, this results in window widths of values of up to 0.01%. A narrow area is thus defined in a way that has not previously been considered.
  • the magnet system 20 is formed from the coil 21, corresponding to coil 1 in FIG. 1, yoke 22 and armature 23.
  • An auxiliary coil 24 is attached to the yoke 22 of the magnet system 20 and detects the induced voltage.
  • the time integral of this voltage is a measure of the change in the coil flow. The attainable accuracy is sufficient during the tightening phase. Since the induced voltage cannot be controlled in the holding phase, offset errors can lead to the integrator running away with this measuring method, which is why suitable compensation measures must be taken.
  • FIG. 5 essentially results from the combination of FIG. 1 and FIG. 4.
  • the control lines for the coil 1 according to FIG. 1 or 21 according to FIG. 4 are bridged by a diode.
  • a suitable magnetic field probe 34 is introduced into the groove 25.
  • a forced air gap 30 is advantageously present in the magnetic yoke 22.
  • Such forced air gaps are usually already provided in the manufacture of the yoke from laminated iron and filled with a film of insulating material, so that there is a stable connection between the two yoke parts.
  • the specific geometry of slot 25 and forced air gap 30 means that a magnetic voltage divider is implemented between forced air gap 30 and blind gap 25.
  • the magnetic conditions can be influenced by changing the geometry.
  • a narrower forced air gap greatly reduces the coil flow required for holding. However, it has hardly any effect on the magnetic coil flux required to apply the pulling force in the open state. Therefore, the variation of the width b of the forced air gap can be used in particular to adapt the magnetic coil flux required in the closed state so that it has the same value as the coil flux required in the open state.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Les contacteurs-interrupteurs ou les relais, en particulier, sont habituellement pourvus d'un système d'électro-aimant comprenant une bobine avec une armature et une culasse. Il a déja été proposé un dispositif servant à la régulation dépendante du temps du flux magnétique dans le système d'électro-aimant, selon une courbe nominale calculée avec précision pour chaque modèle d'électro-aimant. Selon l'invention, le dispositif de régulation (10) régule le flux magnétique dans une plage prédéterminée qui est indépendante du temps et de la course. De préférence, le dispositif de régulation (10) régule le flux magnétique au moyen de la bobine (1, 21) (flux de bobine). En particulier la plage étroite réglée pour le flux de bobine peut être indépendante du temps et de la course, ce qui était impossible selon l'état antérieur de la technique.
EP96946021A 1995-12-05 1996-11-28 Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation Expired - Lifetime EP0865660B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19545512 1995-12-05
DE19545512 1995-12-05
PCT/DE1996/002283 WO1997021237A2 (fr) 1995-12-05 1996-11-28 Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0865660A2 true EP0865660A2 (fr) 1998-09-23
EP0865660B1 EP0865660B1 (fr) 2000-02-16

Family

ID=7779352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96946021A Expired - Lifetime EP0865660B1 (fr) 1995-12-05 1996-11-28 Dispositif de commande pour appareils de commutation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0865660B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000501550A (fr)
CN (1) CN1068968C (fr)
DE (1) DE59604468D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997021237A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10217586B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2019-02-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic actuator

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1300862A1 (fr) * 2001-10-04 2003-04-09 Moeller GmbH Appareil électronique pour la commande d'un contacteur
DE10332595B4 (de) * 2003-07-17 2008-02-14 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern elektrischer Schaltgeräte
BRPI0520792A2 (pt) 2005-12-22 2009-06-23 Siemens Ag método e dispositivo para operar um dispositivo de comutação
DE102012106922A1 (de) 2012-07-30 2014-01-30 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Regeln des elektromagnetischen Antriebs eines Schaltgeräts, insbesondere eines Schützes
DE102012112692A1 (de) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräteantriebs
JP6248871B2 (ja) 2014-09-05 2017-12-20 株式会社デンソー 電磁アクチュエータ
FR3098637B1 (fr) * 2019-07-08 2021-10-15 G Cartier Tech Actionneur electromecanique a commande autoregulee

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3579052A (en) * 1968-09-21 1971-05-18 Nippon Denso Co System for driving a. d. c. electromagnet
DE3047488A1 (de) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-22 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Elektronische schaltungsanordnung fuer ein elektromagnetisches schaltgeraet
GB2112213B (en) * 1981-12-21 1985-12-11 Gen Electric Electromagnetic contactor with flux sensor
US4735517A (en) * 1985-10-31 1988-04-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Printer having flux regulator
US4608620A (en) * 1985-11-14 1986-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Magnetic sensor for armature and stator
DE4129265A1 (de) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-04 Mannesmann Ag Elektromagnetisches schaltgeraet

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9721237A2 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10217586B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2019-02-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997021237A2 (fr) 1997-06-12
WO1997021237A3 (fr) 1997-08-21
JP2000501550A (ja) 2000-02-08
EP0865660B1 (fr) 2000-02-16
CN1068968C (zh) 2001-07-25
DE59604468D1 (de) 2000-03-23
CN1202269A (zh) 1998-12-16

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