EP0861371A1 - Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter zündkerze - Google Patents
Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter zündkerzeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0861371A1 EP0861371A1 EP97938753A EP97938753A EP0861371A1 EP 0861371 A1 EP0861371 A1 EP 0861371A1 EP 97938753 A EP97938753 A EP 97938753A EP 97938753 A EP97938753 A EP 97938753A EP 0861371 A1 EP0861371 A1 EP 0861371A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- fuel injection
- valve needle
- needle
- armature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
- F02M57/06—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sparking plugs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
- F02M2200/507—Adjusting spring tension by screwing spring seats
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector with an integrated spark plug according to the preamble of the main claim.
- EP-OS 0 661 446 already discloses a fuel injection valve with an integrated spark plug for injecting fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber.
- the fuel injector comprises a Ventilkö ⁇ er, which has at its spray-side end a valve opening surrounded by a valve seat, which is closed by a Ventilschlußkö ⁇ er when the solenoid is not energized, which is arranged on a valve needle extending in the interior of the valve body.
- the valve needle can be actuated electromagnetically by means of the solenoid acting on an armature to open the fuel injector.
- the valve seat and the valve closing body are arranged on the inlet side of the valve opening and the valve body is formed on the spray side to form a central ignition electrode which is surrounded by a cup-shaped counter electrode.
- the high voltage is supplied to the central ignition electrode via the valve body, the valve needle and an axial extension connected to the valve needle via a return spring from the end of the fuel injection valve opposite the injection opening.
- the anchor encloses the inlet end of the Valve needle ring-shaped and is isolated via an Isolationskö ⁇ er to the valve needle.
- the fuel is supplied via an outer ring channel which opens into the inlet end of the valve body.
- EP-OS 0 632 198 Another fuel injector with an integrated spark plug is known from EP-OS 0 632 198. In this fuel injector there is neither between the valve needle and the armature connected to the valve needle nor between the armature and the armature
- Isolationsgro ⁇ er extended so far on the inlet side that it radially encloses the magnetic core towards the solenoid and thus one
- the fuel injector according to the invention with an integrated spark plug with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the insulation element arranged between the armature and the valve needle is only subjected to pressure when the fuel injector is actuated. Since the fuel injector is designed as an externally opening valve, the valve needle for opening the fuel injector must be subjected to pressure, but not pull, so that the insulation element arranged between the armature and the valve needle is subjected to pressure and not tensile stress.
- the insulation element can therefore be made relatively simple, in particular cylindrical or cuboid, so that no complex machining is necessary in the production of the insulation element, which is preferably made of a ceramic material.
- a positive connection of the insulation element to the valve needle is not necessary.
- the fuel injection valve of the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has also 'the advantage that the valve needle according to the energizing of the magnetic coil being responsive due to the abutting engagement of the armature to the valve needle immediately. This enables rapid opening, which is advantageous for precise fuel metering, and very precise control of the injection timing. Furthermore, there is the further advantage that when the fuel injector closes, only the relatively low inertial mass of the valve needle strikes the valve seat, since the intermediate piece connecting the valve needle to the armature briefly lifts off the valve needle when the fuel injector is closing and not from the valve seat, but instead is brought to a standstill by the system spring. This reduces the wear on the valve seat and the valve closing body.
- the measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the fuel injector specified in the main claim.
- the valve body is preferably insulated from the housing by a one-piece insulating body radially surrounding the valve body.
- the inlet-side end of the valve body can be insulated from the elements of the magnetic actuation, in particular the magnetic coil, by a section of the insulation body projecting beyond the valve body on this side.
- an axial bore can be provided in the section of the insulation body projecting beyond the valve body, which surrounds the insulation element, so that the combination of the insulation body with the insulation element results in complete insulation of the valve body on the inlet and outside.
- the bias of the contact spring can be adjustable by means of an adjustable spring adjusting sleeve. This has the advantage that the closing force exerted by the closing spring and the contact force exerted by the contact spring in the opening direction can be adjusted to one another in such a way that the coil current required to excite the solenoid coil when the fuel injector is opened is minimized and at the same time a reliable closing of the fuel injector is ensured is.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through a fuel injection valve according to the invention with an integrated spark plug
- FIG. 2 shows the area of the valve seat shown in FIG. 1 Embodiment in an enlarged view
- Fig. 3 shows a section through an inventive fuel injector corresponding to Fig. 1 with an inventive development.
- the fuel injector shown in FIG. 1 with an integrated spark plug for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of a mixed-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber has a housing 1 made of an electrically conductive material, in particular of metal.
- a tubular valve body 2 made of an electrically conductive material, in particular metal, which is insulated from the housing 1 by a high-voltage insulating body 3.
- the Isolationskö ⁇ er 3 is preferably made of a ceramic material and withstands the ignition voltage required to ignite the fuel.
- the valve body 2 has a first ignition electrode 5 bent in the exemplary embodiment, which is opposite a second ignition electrode 7 arranged on the spray-side end 6 of the housing 1 and cooperates with this to produce a spark charge that ignites the fuel injected into the combustion chamber.
- the ignition electrodes 5 and 7 are connected to a high-voltage source, also not shown, via a high-voltage cable 8 and an ignition controller (not shown).
- a high-voltage supply 9 designed as an extension of the high-voltage cable 8 is passed through a connection bore 10 in the insulating body 3 and is in contact with the valve body 2.
- the contact between the high voltage supply 9 and the Ventilkö ⁇ er 2 can be done in a known manner by squeezing, soldering or the like.
- a ground conductor of the high-voltage cable 8 is electrically contacted in a corresponding manner on the housing 1, so that the ignition voltage carried by the high-voltage cable 8 is present between the ignition electrodes 5 and 7 and discharges there in a known manner in the form of a spark discharge.
- the fuel injector is designed as an externally opening fuel injector.
- a valve needle 12 extends through a valve opening 13 formed on the spray-side end 4 of the valve body 2.
- the valve needle 12 widens on the spray side of the valve opening 13 to form a valve closing body 14 which cooperates with a valve seat 15 surrounding the valve opening 13 on the spray side to form a sealing seat.
- a closing spring 16 is provided in order to pretension the valve needle 12 against the injection opening of the fuel injection valve marked x and thus to close the fuel injection valve.
- the closing spring 16 is arranged in the exemplary embodiment in the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 and extends around the valve needle 12 parallel to its longitudinal extent. The closing spring 16 is clamped between the spray-side end 17 of the longitudinal bore 11 of the valve body 2 and a valve needle sleeve 19 connected to the inlet-side end 18 of the valve needle 12.
- valve needle 12 When assembling the valve body 2 with the valve needle 12, the return spring 16 and the valve needle sleeve 19, the valve needle 12 is first passed through the valve opening 13 from the injection side and then the return spring 16 is pushed onto the valve needle 12 before the valve needle sleeve 19 placed on the valve needle 12 and connected to it by welding, soldering or the like.
- the return spring 16 When the valve needle sleeve 19 is placed on the valve needle 12, the return spring 16 is biased so that the valve closing body 14 arranged on the valve needle 12 bears against the valve seat 15 with a sufficient closing force so that the fuel injector is securely closed.
- the Isolationsoir ⁇ er 3 has a circumferential, collar-shaped collar 20 which engages behind an end plate 21 of the housing 1 in order to lock the Isolationsoir ⁇ er 3 in the axial direction.
- the Isolationsoir ⁇ er 3 projects beyond the inlet end 22 of the Ventilgro ⁇ ers 2 by a guide portion 23 which has a preferably cylindrical bore 24, in which a preferably cylindrical insulation element 25 can be used preferably coaxially to the valve needle 12 so that the insulation element 25 is movable in the axial direction and is guided by the guide section 23.
- the diameter of the insulation element 25 can be dimensioned slightly smaller than the diameter of the bore 24 in the guide section 23 of the Isolaüonskö ⁇ ers 3, so that an annular gap remains between the inner surface of the bore 24 and the outer surface of the insulation member 25, which allows the fuel to flow through.
- the insulation element can have axial grooves 26 or bores which guide the fuel past the insulation element 25 or through the insulation element 25.
- the high-voltage Ventilkö ⁇ er 2 is isolated on all sides apart from its spray-side face 27. A flashover of the high voltage on the housing 1 or other electrically conductive components of the fuel injector is thereby reliably prevented.
- the latter has a solenoid 28 in a manner known per se, which is connected to an injection control unit (also not shown) via a connecting line (not shown).
- the winding of the magnetic coil 28 is located on a winding support 29 and is partially surrounded by an outside, first magnetic guide element 30 and a second magnetic guide element 31 adjoining the first magnetic guide element 30.
- the guide elements 30 and 31, which are formed from a ferromagnetic material, form a closed magnetic flux circuit together with the cylindrical armature 32, which is likewise made from a ferromagnetic material.
- the armature 32 can be moved with respect to the longitudinal axis 33 of the fuel injector and is drawn toward the second magnetic guide element 31 when the solenoid 28 is energized.
- this has at least one axial bore 34 in the exemplary embodiment.
- the armature 32 could alternatively also have circumferentially arranged grooves, or a corresponding annular gap could be formed between the armature 32 and the first magnetic guide element 30 guiding the armature 32 and the winding support 29.
- the anchor 32 is connected to the insulation element 25 in the exemplary embodiment via a pin 35 which engages in a blind bore 36 formed on the insulation element 25.
- the armature 32 is held in abutting engagement with the valve needle 12 by means of a contact spring 37 acting in the opening direction of the fuel injection valve via an intermediate piece consisting of the pin 35 and the insulation element 25.
- the contact spring 37 resting on the inlet-side end face 54 of the armature 32 is supported on an inlet-side connection block 38 and is guided in this in a stepped bore 39 which tapers on the inlet side to a fuel inlet connector 40.
- the connection block 38 is connected to the first magnetic guide element 30 e.g. connected by screwing.
- the valve closing body 14 arranged on the valve needle 12 is pressed on the injection side against the valve seat 15 by means of the closing spring 16, so that the fuel injection valve is closed.
- the magnetic coil 28 is energized, a magnetic flux circulates in the magnetic flux circuit formed by the first magnetic guide element 30, the second magnetic guide element 31 and the armature 32, which presses the armature 32 in the direction of the second magnetic guide element 31.
- the valve needle 12 via the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 in the opening direction, ie in the spraying direction x, is subjected to a mechanical pressure which lifts the valve closing body 14 from the valve seat 15 and thus opens the fuel injection valve.
- the contact spring 37 therefore creates a positive connection between the armature 32 and the valve needle 12 without the need for a positive connection between the insulation element 25 and the valve needle 12 on the one hand and between the insulation element 25 and the pin 35 on the other hand.
- the insulation element 25 can therefore be designed in an extremely simple manner, for example in a cylindrical shape, which is preferably the production of a ceramic and therefore relatively brittle material to be made insulation element 25 significantly simplified.
- the fuel injection valve is closed again by the closing spring 16 in that the valve closing body 14 is brought into contact with the valve seat 15.
- the insulation element 25 can briefly lift off the inlet-side end 18 of the valve needle 12, the inertial mass of the armature 32, the pin 35 and the insulation element 25, which is substantially larger than the valve needle 12, being brought to a standstill by deformation of the contact spring 37.
- the contact spring 37 then presses the armature 32 and the intermediate piece consisting of the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 back in the direction of the valve needle 12 until the insulation element 25 is again in contact with the valve needle 12. Since only the relatively small mass of the valve needle 12 strikes the valve seat 15, the wear of the valve seat 15 is kept low.
- the low stress on the valve seat 15 and the valve closing body 14 is particularly important in the case of the fuel injection valve which injects directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, since the valve seat 15 and the valve closing body 14 are thermally highly stressed by the arrangement in or near the combustion chamber.
- the contact spring 37 can be dimensioned relatively weak compared to the closing spring 16, since it merely has the task of braking the armature 32, the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 when the fuel injector closes and to impart a system pressure to the armature 32 via the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 existing intermediate piece with the valve needle 12 to keep in engagement, comes.
- the insulation element 25 Since the insulation element 25 is only loaded under pressure when the fuel injector is actuated, but not under tension, tensile strength is required the insulation element 25, which is preferably made of a ceramic material, has no special requirements.
- the components used for the electromagnetic actuation of the fuel injector are completely isolated via the insulation body 3 and the insulation element 25 from the valve body 2 carrying the high voltage, so that the high voltage is effectively prevented from flashing over to these components, which considerably improves the operational safety of the fuel injector according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the valve needle 12 and the valve closing body 14 in the region of the valve opening 13 provided on the spray-side end 4 of the valve body 3 in an enlarged view.
- the valve needle 12 extends through the valve opening 13 and has the valve closing body 14 at its spray-side end.
- the valve closing body 14 comprises a truncated cone-shaped section 41 which is opposite a cone-shaped valve seat surface 42 on the valve seat 15. Between the frustoconical section 41 of the valve closing body 14 and the frustoconical valve seat surface 42 of the valve seat 15, an annular gap 43 is thus created when the fuel injector is opened, which defines the spray cone angle of the fuel jet.
- the valve needle 12 Upstream of the valve closing body 14, the valve needle 12 has a cylindrical metering section 44 which is guided in a cylindrical section 45 of the valve opening 13. Between the inner surface of the cylindrical section 45 of the valve opening 13 and the outer surface of the metering section 44 of the valve needle 12 there is a narrow cylindrical annular gap 46, which serves as a fuel metering gap when the fuel injector is open.
- the throttling set for the fuel metering at the cylindrical annular gap 46 is practically independent of the stroke and that the annular gap 43 serving as a spray opening can be dimensioned relatively large without influencing the fuel metering, so that the risk of not closing Fuel injector can be significantly reduced due to dirt particles stuck between the valve closing body 14 and the valve seat 15.
- valve needle In the flow direction above the cylindrical metering section 44, the valve needle has a tapered section 47. In a tapered section 47 of the valve needle
- frustoconical section 48 tapers the valve opening
- valve needle 12 the valve opening 13
- valve closing body 14 the valve closing body 14
- valve seat 15 a large number of alternative configurations of the valve needle 12, the valve opening 13, the valve closing body 14 and the valve seat 15 are conceivable within the scope of the invention.
- the fuel injector is designed as an externally opening valve in which the valve closing body 14 bears against the valve seat 15 on the injection side.
- FIG. 3 shows a development according to the invention of the fuel injector with integrated spark plug described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the components already described are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a description in this regard is unnecessary.
- connection block 38 is expanded on the inlet side toward the fuel inlet connector 40 compared to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
- a longitudinal bore 50 is provided in the connection block 38, into which the contact spring 37 is inserted.
- an adjustable spring adjusting sleeve 51 is provided in the longitudinal bore 50 of the connection block 38, the axial position of which in the longitudinal bore 50 can be adjusted, for example, by means of a thread.
- the spring adjustment sleeve 51 is accessible from the fuel inlet connection 40 for the adjustment.
- the spring adjusting sleeve 51 has an axial longitudinal bore 52 which in the exemplary embodiment opens out into the longitudinal bore 50 of the connection block 38 via a throttle 53.
- the bias of the contact spring 37 can be adjusted so that after each opening of the fuel injector, the armature 32 can be quickly brought into engagement with the inlet-side end 18 of the valve needle 12 via the intermediate piece consisting of the pin 35 and the insulation element 25 and on the other hand, the fuel injector remains securely closed without excitation of the solenoid coil 28 due to the resulting force difference from the spring force of the closing spring 16 acting in the closing direction and the spring force acting in the opening direction of the contact spring 37.
- the spring force exerted by the contact spring 37 is therefore less than the spring force exerted by the closing spring 16.
- the coil current required for opening the fuel injection valve of the solenoid coil 28 can also be minimized by an appropriate choice of the pretension exerted by the contact spring 37 on the armature 32.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19638025A DE19638025A1 (de) | 1996-09-18 | 1996-09-18 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter Zündkerze |
DE19638025 | 1996-09-18 | ||
PCT/DE1997/001704 WO1998012431A1 (de) | 1996-09-18 | 1997-08-11 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter zündkerze |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0861371A1 true EP0861371A1 (de) | 1998-09-02 |
EP0861371B1 EP0861371B1 (de) | 2002-04-03 |
Family
ID=7805995
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97938753A Expired - Lifetime EP0861371B1 (de) | 1996-09-18 | 1997-08-11 | Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit integrierter zündkerze |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5983855A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0861371B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000500840A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19638025A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998012431A1 (de) |
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-
1996
- 1996-09-18 DE DE19638025A patent/DE19638025A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-08-11 DE DE59706859T patent/DE59706859D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-11 EP EP97938753A patent/EP0861371B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-11 JP JP10514137A patent/JP2000500840A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-08-11 US US09/068,373 patent/US5983855A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-11 WO PCT/DE1997/001704 patent/WO1998012431A1/de active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO9812431A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE19638025A1 (de) | 1998-03-19 |
WO1998012431A1 (de) | 1998-03-26 |
US5983855A (en) | 1999-11-16 |
JP2000500840A (ja) | 2000-01-25 |
DE59706859D1 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
EP0861371B1 (de) | 2002-04-03 |
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