EP0861024A1 - Wirkstofffreisetzende polysaccharidetherester - Google Patents
Wirkstofffreisetzende polysaccharidetheresterInfo
- Publication number
- EP0861024A1 EP0861024A1 EP96938092A EP96938092A EP0861024A1 EP 0861024 A1 EP0861024 A1 EP 0861024A1 EP 96938092 A EP96938092 A EP 96938092A EP 96938092 A EP96938092 A EP 96938092A EP 0861024 A1 EP0861024 A1 EP 0861024A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- dimethyl
- polysaccharide
- active ingredients
- ether esters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- -1 Polysaccharide ether esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012868 active agrochemical ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010009685 Cholinergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000034337 acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001142 dicarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 48
- GTCAXTIRRLKXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl carbamate Chemical group COC(N)=O GTCAXTIRRLKXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 8
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NVEKVXJOGMAPCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-hydroxypropoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O NVEKVXJOGMAPCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- ZCJPOPBZHLUFHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenamiphos Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(NC(C)C)OC1=CC=C(SC)C(C)=C1 ZCJPOPBZHLUFHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005839 Tebuconazole Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UXHICEINSA-N bioresmethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UXHICEINSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000000371 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenvalerate Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N permethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 102130-98-3 Natural products CC=CCC1=C(C)[C@H](CC1=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@@H](C=C(C)C)C1(C)C FMTFEIJHMMQUJI-NJAFHUGGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FGIWFCGDPUIBEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etrimfos Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(OP(=S)(OC)OC)=NC(CC)=N1 FGIWFCGDPUIBEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005958 Fenamiphos (aka phenamiphos) Substances 0.000 description 3
- CVRALZAYCYJELZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-(4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) O-methyl phenylphosphonothioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Br)C=C1Cl CVRALZAYCYJELZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- CJJOSEISRRTUQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azinphos-methyl Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CSP(=S)(OC)OC)N=NC2=C1 CJJOSEISRRTUQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008047 benzoylureas Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N deltamethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazinon Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC(C)=NC(C(C)C)=N1 FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([S-])=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- DIRFUJHNVNOBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenobucarb Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)NC DIRFUJHNVNOBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N parathion Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RLBIQVVOMOPOHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N parathion-methyl Chemical group COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 RLBIQVVOMOPOHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QYMMJNLHFKGANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N profenofos Chemical compound CCCSP(=O)(OCC)OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1Cl QYMMJNLHFKGANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N (+)-trans-allethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC1C(C)=C(CC=C)C(=O)C1 ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-AQYZNVCMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YFLDZPUXCOSOGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodoprop-2-ynyl n-butylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)OC(I)C#C YFLDZPUXCOSOGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFNMOMYTTGHNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)CC1C(O)=O BFNMOMYTTGHNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLMYFGFZQRZAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-chlorophenyl)propan-2-yl acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl PLMYFGFZQRZAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLKLJBPHNWWPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-but-2-enyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopent-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CC=CCC1=C(C)C(O)CC1=O YLKLJBPHNWWPSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MDIQXIJPQWLFSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Br)Br)C1C(O)=O MDIQXIJPQWLFSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LLMLSUSAKZVFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(O)=O LLMLSUSAKZVFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical group NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 description 2
- BOFHKBLZOYVHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Crufomate Chemical compound CNP(=O)(OC)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1Cl BOFHKBLZOYVHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005946 Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRPRVIYRYGLIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Demeton-S Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)SCCSCC GRPRVIYRYGLIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGOWCPGHOCIHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichlofenthion Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl WGOWCPGHOCIHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGJBQBDNXAZHBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimefox Chemical compound CN(C)P(F)(=O)N(C)C PGJBQBDNXAZHBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005947 Dimethoate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AIGRXSNSLVJMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N EPN Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 AIGRXSNSLVJMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005961 Ethoprophos Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNVJTZOFSHSLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fenthion Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C(SC)C(C)=C1 PNVJTZOFSHSLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AIKKULXCBHRFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formothion Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)SCC(=O)N(C)C=O AIKKULXCBHRFOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005916 Methomyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPUGLJYNCXXUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxydisulfoton Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCCS(=O)CC UPUGLJYNCXXUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GGNLTHFTYNDYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenkapton Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1Cl GGNLTHFTYNDYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILBONRFSLATCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosfolan Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)N=C1SCCS1 ILBONRFSLATCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005923 Pirimicarb Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZBPRYIIJAJUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pirimiphos-ethyl Chemical group CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC(C)=NC(N(CC)CC)=N1 TZBPRYIIJAJUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005924 Pirimiphos-methyl Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- NVGOPFQZYCNLDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N norflurazon Chemical compound O=C1C(Cl)=C(NC)C=NN1C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 NVGOPFQZYCNLDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010292 orthophenyl phenol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UNAHYJYOSSSJHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oryzalin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UNAHYJYOSSSJHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMCVMORKVPSKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxydemeton-methyl Chemical compound CCS(=O)CCSP(=O)(OC)OC PMCVMORKVPSKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pendimethalin Chemical compound CCC(CC)NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDOWTHOLJBTAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenmedipham Chemical compound COC(=O)NC1=CC=CC(OC(=O)NC=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 IDOWTHOLJBTAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003536 phenothrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- BSCCSDNZEIHXOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl carbamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BSCCSDNZEIHXOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N phosphamidon Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N phoxim Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)O\N=C(\C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001664 phoxim Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQQVFXUMIDALNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N picloram Chemical compound NC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=NC(C(O)=O)=C1Cl NQQVFXUMIDALNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prochloraz Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFOUDYKPLGXPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propachlor Chemical compound ClCC(=O)N(C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MFOUDYKPLGXPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFULEKSKNZEWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanil Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 LFULEKSKNZEWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXPLXMJHHKHSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propham Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 VXPLXMJHHKHSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical compound O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQLVQOSNDJXLKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N prosulfocarb Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C(=O)SCC1=CC=CC=C1 NQLVQOSNDJXLKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FITIWKDOCAUBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prothiofos Chemical compound CCCSP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FITIWKDOCAUBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QHGVXILFMXYDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclofos Chemical compound C1=C(OP(=O)(OCC)SCCC)C=NN1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QHGVXILFMXYDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROVGZAWFACYCSP-VUMXUWRFSA-N pyrethrin I Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 ROVGZAWFACYCSP-VUMXUWRFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N pyrethrin II Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005554 pyridyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YBBJKCMMCRQZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrithione Chemical compound ON1C=CC=CC1=S YBBJKCMMCRQZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JYQUHIFYBATCCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinalphos Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)=CN=C21 JYQUHIFYBATCCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFSSWMQPCJRCRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinclorac Chemical compound ClC1=CN=C2C(C(=O)O)=C(Cl)C=CC2=C1 FFSSWMQPCJRCRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALZOLUNSQWINIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinmerac Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC2=CC(C)=CN=C21 ALZOLUNSQWINIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950010630 quintiofos Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BACHBFVBHLGWSL-JTQLQIEISA-N rac-diclofop methyl Natural products C1=CC(O[C@@H](C)C(=O)OC)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl BACHBFVBHLGWSL-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N resmethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(C)C)C1C(=O)OCC1=COC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VEMKTZHHVJILDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MGLWZSOBALDPEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N simetryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NCC)=NC(SC)=N1 MGLWZSOBALDPEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004964 sulfoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XIUROWKZWPIAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfotep Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OP(=S)(OCC)OCC XIUROWKZWPIAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXHJNEJVUNHLKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulprofos Chemical compound CCCSP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC=C(SC)C=C1 JXHJNEJVUNHLKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WWJZWCUNLNYYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N temephos Chemical compound C1=CC(OP(=S)(OC)OC)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(OP(=S)(OC)OC)C=C1 WWJZWCUNLNYYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbutryn Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(NC(C)(C)C)=NC(SC)=N1 IROINLKCQGIITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N tetrachlorvinphos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)O\C(=C/Cl)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005199 tetramethrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron-methyl Chemical group S1C=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC=2N=C(OC)N=C(C)N=2)=C1C(=O)OC AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FZSVSABTBYGOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiofanox Chemical group CNC(=O)ON=C(C(C)(C)C)CSC FZSVSABTBYGOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPASCBHCTNRLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiometon Chemical group CCSCCSP(=S)(OC)OC OPASCBHCTNRLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylfluanid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)N(SC(F)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQFPEYARZIQXRM-LTGZKZEYSA-N tralkoxydim Chemical compound C1C(=O)C(C(/CC)=N/OCC)=C(O)CC1C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C DQFPEYARZIQXRM-LTGZKZEYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAZVSMNPJJMILC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triadimenol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 BAZVSMNPJJMILC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOPFESVZMSQIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triasulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OCCCl)=N1 XOPFESVZMSQIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N tribenuron methyl Chemical group COC(=O)[C@H]1CCCC[C@@H]1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 YMXOXAPKZDWXLY-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEQLXCGVXDJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlopyr Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl REEQLXCGVXDJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylylcarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=C1 WCJYTPVNMWIZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to biodegradable active ingredient-releasing systems made from thermoplastically processable polysaccharide ether esters and agrochemical active ingredients and their use for plant treatment.
- thermoplastically processable polymers The incorporation of active ingredients into thermoplastically processable polymers is known. However, it cannot be predicted from the outset whether an active substance-polymer system will release the active substance to a sufficient extent and over a sufficiently long time. In addition, after the end of the treatment, the polymer carrier with residual active ingredient remains on the plants or in the soil and has to be disposed of in a complex manner (see US Pat. No. 4,743,448, US Pat. No. 4,666,767, US Pat. No. 5,201,925).
- Biodegradable carrier systems which release agrochemical active substances have also become known (see WO 91/3940, EP-A 344 1 18, EP-A 404 727,
- the present invention therefore relates to systems composed of polysaccharide ether esters and agrochemical active substances, which may contain customary additives.
- Polysaccharide OR where Polysaccharide-O represent the substituted OH groups of a polymeric saccharide unit
- R is either a mono- and / or polymeric substituent of structure X:
- a and A ' represent a linear polyether chain of the following structures:
- D represents a linear aliphatic or aromatic branched or unbranched chain having 2 to 11 carbon atoms and n is an integer equal to or greater than 0, m is an integer equal to or greater than 1, and
- B is a dicarboxylic acid of the following structure: in which E is an aromatic or aliphatic carbon skeleton which may optionally be provided with further substituents, the ratio of A 'to B being equal to or greater than 0.1, or R corresponding to the degree of substitution per saccharide unit with X being H (hydrogen) and / or alkyl with 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
- These polysaccharide ether esters are prepared by first activating the polysaccharide with an alkali metal hydroxide solution.
- This activation can take place by the synthesis and isolation of an alkali polysaccharide or alternatively by producing a water-moist alkali polysaccharide or a suspension of the polysaccharide in water-miscible solvents and then adding an aqueous alkali solution.
- the water and / or solvent-moist alkali polysaccharide is subjected to a solvent wash, as a result of which a defined alkali content can be set.
- the activation can also be carried out by spraying on an aqueous alkali lye.
- the epoxide is grafted onto the cellulose activated in this way and the water present in the reaction mixture is preferably distilled off before the reaction with the dicarboxylic acid anhydride.
- the reaction with the dicarboxylic acid anhydrides is carried out in suspension media. It is surprising that the dicarboxylic acid anhydride reacts in a two-phase reaction (liquid-solid) with the polysaccharide in standard organic solvents, since comparable reactions could only be carried out in activating and strongly swelling solvents such as acetic acid and pyridine.
- the reaction of the polysaccharide with the dicarboxylic acid anhydride can also be carried out with organic amines.
- the polysaccharide or the alkali-free cellulose ether is stirred in the suspension medium with the amine as catalyst and the dicarboxylic acid anhydride is added to this suspension or solution. This creates the dicarboxylic acid monoester of the polysaccharide or the polysaccharide ether.
- the product goes into solution during the reaction with the dicarboxylic acid anhydride.
- the still free carboxyl group of the resulting dicarboxylic acid monoester is reacted with alkylene oxides.
- the proportions can be chosen so that the free carboxylic acids are fully or only partially reacted with alkylene oxide.
- the free acid groups can also serve as starters for a polymeric ether structure.
- amine was used for activation, it also serves as a catalyst in this reaction step. Accordingly, small amounts of amine can be added at this point when alkali is activated.
- cellulose such as. B. wood pulp and cotton sinters of any molecular weight or other cellulose-containing products such as Sawdust, suitable.
- native and soluble starches of any provenance and pretreatment as well as amylose, amylopectin, alginate, glycogen, carraghenate, chitin, chitosan, guar as splits or flour, locust bean gum, pectin, xylan, xanthan, pullulan, dextran and laevan are suitable.
- cellulose ethers are suitable as methyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose, or benzyl cellulose with average degrees of substitution less than / equal to 2.5, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, dihydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxybutylcellulose, methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylhydroxybutyl, Ethylhydroxypropylcellulose, ethyl, carboxyalkyl, sulfoalkyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose and their mixed ethers.
- Suitable dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are anhydrides such as phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride and isatoic anhydride.
- Preferred epoxides are monoepoxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide,
- Insecticides, fungicides and herbicides may be mentioned as active agrochemicals.
- organic phosphorus compounds such as phosphoric acid esters, carbamates, pyrethroids, urea derivatives such as benzoylureas, triazines, agonists or antagonists of the nicotinogenic acetylcholine receptors of insects.
- the pyrethroids include:
- Allethrin 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2-methyl-1-propenyll) cyclopropane carboxylate of 2-methyl-4-oxo-3- (2-propenyl) -2-cyclopenten-1-yl.
- Barthrin 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) cyclopropane carboxylate of (6-chloro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl) methyl.
- Bioresmethrin 2,2,3- (2-methyl-l-propenyl) carboxylate of [5- (phenyl-methyl) -3-furanyl] methyl.
- Bromethrin 2- (2,2-dibromovinyl) -3,3-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate of (5-benzyl-3-furyl) methyl.
- Cycloethrin 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2-methyl-propenyl) -cyclopropane-carboxylate of 3- (2-cyclopenten-1-yl) -2-methyl-4-oxo-2-cyclopenten-1-yl.
- Dimethrin 2,2,3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) carboxylate of 2,4-dimethylbenzyl.
- Tetramethrin 2,2,3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) carboxylate of (1,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1,3-di-oxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl ) methyl.
- K-othrin 2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate of (5-benzyl-3-furyl) methyl trans - (+) - 3-cyclopentylidene-methyl.
- FMC 33297 2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate of m-phenoxybenzyl-cis-trans - (+) - 3- (2,2-dichlorovinyl).
- Cinerin I 2,2,3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) carboxylate of 2- (2-butenyl) -4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one.
- Pyrethrin I 2,2,3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) carboxylate of 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2- (2,4-pentadienyl) -2-cyclopenten-1-one.
- Jasmohn I 4 ', 5'-dihydropyrethrin-I.
- Jasmolin II 4 ', 5'-dihydropyrethrin-II.
- Biothanometrin 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2-cyclopentylvinyl) -cyclopropane-carboxylate of (5-benzyl-3-furyl) methyl.
- Bioethanomethrin 2- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) -3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylate of (3-diphenyl ether) methyl.
- Cypermethrin 2- (2,2-dichlorovmyl) -3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylate of (3-diphenyl ether) -cynomethyl.
- Decamethrin 2- (2,2-dibromovinyl) -3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylate of (3-diphenyl ether) -cyanomethyl.
- ES-56 2,2,3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) carboxylate of 2,3-dihydrofuran.
- Fenpropanate (S-3206) 2,2-dimethyl-3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylate of (3-diphenyl ether) cyanomethyl.
- Fenvalerate (S-5602) [(p-chlorophenyl) - (isopropyl)] acetate of (3-diphenyl ether) cyanomethyl.
- Cyfluthrin 2- (2,2-dichlorovinyl) -3,3-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate of 4-fluoro-3-diphenylether-cyanomethylol.
- the carbamates include:
- Aldicarb 2-methyl-2- (methylthio) propanol-O - [(methylamino) carbonyi] oxime.
- Aldoxycarb 2-methyl-2- (methylsulfonyl) propanol-O- [methylamino) carbonyl] oxime.
- Aminocarb methyl carbamate of 4-dimethylamino-3-methylphenyl.
- Bendiocarb N-methyl carbamate of 2,2-dimethyl-benzo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl.
- Bufencarb methyl carbamate of 3- (1-methylbutyl) phenyl and methyl carbamate of 3- (1-ethylpropyI) phenyl (3: 1).
- Butacarb methyl carbamate of 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) phenyl.
- Butocarboxime 3-methylthio-2-butane-O - [(methylamino) carbonyl] oxime.
- Butoxycarboxime 3-methylthio-2-butanone-O - [(methylamino) carbonyl] oxime.
- 2-sec-butylphenylmethyl carbamate methyl carbamate of 2- (1-methylpropyl) phenyl.
- Carbanolates methyl carbamates of 2-chloro-4,5-dimethylphenyl.
- Carbaryl methyl carbamate of 1-naphthalenyI.
- Carbofuran methyl carbamate of 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl.
- Cartap carbamothicate of S, S '- [2- (dimethylamino) -1,3-propanediyl].
- Decarbofuran methyl carbamate of 2,3-dihydro-2-methylbenzofuran-7-yl.
- Dimetilan dimethyl carbamate des - [(dimethylamino) carbonyl] -5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl.
- Dioxocarb methyl carbamate of 2- (1,3-dioxolan-2-yl) phenyl.
- Ethiofencarb methyl carbamate of 2-ethylthiomethylphenyl
- Formparanate methyl carbamate of 3-methyl-4-dimethylamino-methylenaminophenyl
- Isoprocarb methyl carbamate of 2-isopropylphenyl.
- Methiocarb methyl carbamate of 3,5-dimethyl-4-methylthiophenyl.
- Methomyl methyl N - [[(methylamino) carbonyl] oxy] ethane imidothioate.
- Mexacarbate methyl carbamate of 4-dimethylamino-3,5-dimethylphenyl.
- Nabam 1,2-ethanediylbis (carbamodithioate) disodique.
- Nitrile acarb to Cl 2 , (4,4-dimethyl-5-methylamino-carbonyloximino) pentanenitrile.
- Oxamil Memyl 2- (dimethylamino) -N - [[(methylamino) carbonyl] oxy] -2-oxoethaniminothioate.
- Pirimicarb dimethyl carbamate of 2- (dimethylamino) -5,6-dimethyl-4-pyrimidinyl.
- Promecarb methyl carbamate of 3-methyl-5- (1-methylethyl) phenyl.
- Propoxur methyl carbamate of 2- (1-methylethoxy) phenyl.
- Thiofanox 3,3-dimethyl- (methylthio) -2-butanone-O - [(methylamino) carbonyl] oxime
- Thiocarboxime carbamate of 1- (2-cyanoethylthio) ethylene aminomethyl.
- Trimethylphenylmethyl carbamate methyl carbamate of 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl.
- 4-xylylmethyl carbamate methyl carbamate of 3,4-dimethylphenyl.
- 3,5-xylylmethyl carbamate methyl carbamate of 3,5-dimethylphenyl.
- Amidithione S- (N-2-methoxyethylcarbamoylmethyl) dimethylphosphorodithioate.
- Amiton S- [2- (diethylamino) ethyl] diethylphosphorothioate.
- Athidation O, O-Diethyl-S-5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methylphosphorodithioate.
- Azinphos-ethyl O, O-Diethyl-S - [(4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3 (4H) -yl) methyl] phosphorodithioate.
- Azinphos-methyl O, O-Dimethyl-S - [(4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3 (4H) -yl) methyl] phosphorodithioate.
- Azothioate O, O-Dimethyl-O- [p- (p-chlorophenylazo) phenyl] phosphorothioate.
- Carbophenothione S - [[(4-chlorophenyl) thio] methyl] -O, O-diuethylphosphorodithioate.
- Chlorfenvinphos 2-chloro-1- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) ethenyl phosphate of diethyl.
- Chlorprazophos O, O-Diethyl-O-3-chloro-7-methyl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidin-2-yl-phosphorothioate.
- Chlorpyrifos O, O-Diethyl-0,3,5,6, -trichloro-2-pyridylphosphorothioat.
- Chlorpyrifos-methyl O, O-dimethyl-O, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridylphosphorothioate.
- Chlorothiophos O-2,5-dichloro-4- (methylthio) phenyl-O, O-diethylphosphorothioate
- Coumaphos O-3-chloro-4-methylcoumarin-7-yl-O, O-diethylphosphorothioate.
- Coumithoate O, O-diethyl-O- (7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6-oxo-6H-dibenzo [b, d] pyran-3-yl-phosphorothioate.
- Cortoxyphos 1-phenylethyl (E) -3 - [(dimethoxyphosphonyl) oxy] -2-butenoate.
- Cyanophos O-4-cyanophenyl-O, O-dimethylphosphorothioate.
- Cyanthoate O, O-Diethyl-S- [N- (1-cyano-1-methylethyl)] carbamoylmethylphosphorothioate.
- Demephion O, O-Dimethyl-O-2-methylthioethylphosphorothioat and the OkO-Dimethyl-S-2-methylthioethylphosphorothioat.
- Demeton O, O-Diethyl-O-2-ethylthioethylphosphorothioat and O, O-Diethyl-S-2-ethylthioethylphosphorothioat
- Demeton-S-methyl O, O-Dimethyl-S-2-ethylthioethylphosphorothioat.
- Demetone S-methylsulfone S-2-ethylsulfonylethyl-O, O-dimethylphosphorothioate.
- Demeton-S O, O-Diethyl-S- [2- (ethylthio) ethyl] phosphorothioate.
- Demetone-O O, O-diethyl-O- [2- (ethylthio) ethyl] phosphorothioate.
- Demetone-O-methyl O, O-dimethyl-O- [2- (ethylthio) ethyl] phosphorothioate.
- Dichlorofenthion O, O-diethyl-O- (2,4-dichlorophenyl) phosphorothioate. O-2,4-dichlorophenyl-O-ethylphenylphosphonothioate.
- Dicrotophos dimethyl-3- (dimethylamino) -1-methyl-3-oxo-1-propenyl phosphate.
- Dimethoate O, O-Dimethyl-S- [2- (methylamino) -2-oxo-ethyl] phosphorodithioate.
- 1,3-Di- (methoxycarbonyl) -1-propen-2-yl dimethyl phosphate dimethyl 3 - [(dimethoxyphosphinyl) oxy] -2-pentene dioate.
- Endothion O, O-dimethyl-S- (5-methoxy-4-pyron-2-yl-methyl) phosphorothioate.
- Ethion O, O, O ", O” -Tetraehyl-S, S'-methylene-di (phosphorodithioate).
- Ethoat-methyl O, O-dimethyl-S- (N-ethylcarbamoyl-methyl) phosphorodithioate.
- Ethoprophos O-ethyl-S, S-dipropylphosphorodothioat.
- Etrimfos O- (6-ethoxy-2-ethyl-4-pyrimidinyl) -O, O-dimethylphosphorothioate.
- Famphur O, O-dimethyl-O-p- (dimethylsulfamoyl) phenyl phosphorothioate.
- Fenchlorphos O, O-DimethyI-O- (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) phosphorothioate.
- Fensulfothione O, O-diethyl-O-4- (methylsulfinyl) phenyl phosphorothioate.
- Fenthion O, O-dimethyl-O- [3-methyl-4- (methylthio) phenyl] phosphorothioate.
- Fonophos O-ethyl-S-phenylethylphosphonodithioate.
- Fosthietan diethyl-1,3-dithietan-2-yl-idene-phosphoramidate.
- Heptenophos 7-chlorobicyclo [3, 2.0] hepta-2,6-dien-6-yl dimethyl phosphate.
- Iodofenphos O-2,5-dichloro-4-iodophenyl-O, O-dimethyl-phosphorothioate.
- Isofenphos 1-methylethyl-2 - [[ethoxy] - (1-methylethyl) amino [phosphmothioyl] -oxyjbenzoate.
- Leptophos O-4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl-O-methylphenylphosphonothioate.
- Lythidathione O, O-Dimethyl-S- (5-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methyl) phosphotodithioate.
- Malathion diethyl (dimethoxyphosphinothioyl) thiobutene dioate.
- Mecarbam methyl ethyl [[(diethoxyphosphinothioyl) thio] acetal] carbamate.
- Mecarphone N-methylcarbonyl-N-methyl-carbamoyl-methyl-O-methylmethylphosphonodithioate.
- Menazon S - [(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) methyl] -O, O-dimethylphosphorodithioate.
- Mephosfolan diethyl-4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl-dinen-phosphoroamidate.
- Methamidophos O, S-dimethylphosphoramidothioate.
- Methidation S - [[5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3 (2H) -yI] methyl] -O, O-dimethylphosphorodithioate.
- Methocrotophos dimethyl-cis-2- (N-methoxy-N-methyl) carbamoyl) -1-methyl vinyl phosphate.
- Monocrotophos dimethyl-1-methyl-3- (methylamino) -3-oxo-1-propenyl phosphate.
- Morphotion O, O-Dimethyl-S- (morpholino-carbonylmethyl) -phosphorodithioate.
- Naled dimethyl-1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl phosphate.
- Omethoate O, O-Dimethyl-S- [2- (methylamino) -2-oxoethyl] phosphorothioate.
- Oxydimetone-methyl S- [2- (ethylsulfinyl) ethyl] -O, O-dimethylphosphorothioate.
- Oxydisulfoton O, O-Diethyl-S- [2- (ethyl-sulfinyl) -ethyl] -phosphorodithioate.
- Parathion O, O-diethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate.
- Parathion-methyl O, O-dimethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl-phosphorothioate.
- Phenkapton O, O-Diethyl-S- (2,5-dichloro-phenylthiomethyl) phosphorodithioate.
- Phenthoate ethyl ⁇ [(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl) thio] benzene acetate.
- Phorate O, O-Diethyl-S-ethylthiomethyl-phosphorodithioate.
- Phosfolan diethyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene phosphoramidate.
- Phosmet S - [(1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl) methyl] -O, O-dimethylphosphorodithioate.
- Phosnichlor O, O-Dimethyl-O-4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl-phosphorothioate.
- Phosphamidon 2-chloro-3- (diethylamino) -1-methyl-3-oxo-l-propenyl phosphate of dimethyl.
- Phoxim - [[Diethoxyphosphinothioyl) oxy] imino) -benzenacetonitriI.
- Pirimiphos-ethyl O- [2- (diethylamino) -6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)] - O, O-diethylphosphorothioate.
- Pirimiphos-methyl O- [2- (diethylamino) -6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)] - O, O-dimethylphosphorothioate.
- Profenofos O- (4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl) -O-ethyl-S-propylphosphorothioate.
- Propetamphos (E) -1-methylethyl-3 - [[(ethylamino) methoxyphosphinothioyl] oxy] 2-butenoate.
- Prothidathione O, O-Diethyl-S- (2,3-dihydro-5-isopropyl-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methyl) -phosphorodithioate.
- Prostoate O, O-Diethyl-S- [2- (1-methylethyl) amino-2-oxoethyl] phosphorodithioate.
- Quinothione O, O-Diethyl-2-methylquinolin-4-yl-phosphorothioate. Quintiofos - O-ethyl-O-8-quinolylphenyl phosphorothioate.
- Sophamide O, O-dimethyl-S- (N-methoxy-methyl) carbamoyl-methylphosphorodithioate
- Temephos O, O '- (Thiodi-4, 1-phenylene) -O, O, O', O'-tetramethyl-di (phosphorodithioate).
- Tepp diphosphate of tetraethyl.
- Terbufos S - [(1,1-dimethylethyl) thiomethyl] -O, O-diethylphosphorodithioate.
- Tetrachlorvinphos trans-2-chloro-1- (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) vinyl phosphate des
- O, O, O ', O'-tetrapropyl dithiopyrophosphate thiodiphosphate of tetrapropyl.
- Thionazine O, O-diethyl-O-pyrazinyl phosphorothioate.
- Triazophos O, O-Diethyl-O- (phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) phosphorothioate.
- Trichloronate O-ethyl-O-2,4,5-trichlorophenyl-ethylphosphonothioate.
- Vamidothione O, O-Dimethyl-S- [2- (1-methylcarbamoyl) ethyleneethyl] phosphorothioate.
- Benzoylureas include compounds of the formula (V): - 17th
- R 1 represents halogen
- R 2 represents hydrogen or halogen
- R 3 represents hydrogen, halogen or C 1-4 alkyl
- R 4 is halogen, 1-5 haloC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, 1-5 haloC 1-4 alkoxy, C 1-4 alkylthio, 1-5 halogen -C 1-4 alkylthio, phenoxy or pyridyloxy, which may optionally be substituted by halogen, C 1-4 alkyl, 1-5 haloC 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, 1-5 -Halogen C 1-4 alkoxy, C 1-4 alkylthio, 1-5 halogen C 1-4 alkylthio.
- Benzoylureas of the formula may be mentioned in particular:
- the triazines include compounds of the formula
- the agonists or antanogists of the nicotinogenic acetylcholine receptors of insects include the known compounds from, for example, European Offenlegungsschrift No. 464 830, 428 941, 425 978, 386 565, 383 091, 375 907, 364 844, 315 826, 259 738, 254 859, 235 725, 212 600, 192 060, 163 855, 154 178, 136 636, 303 570, 302 833, 306 696, 189 972, 455 000, 135 956, 471 372, 302 389, German Offenlegungsschriften No. 3,639,877, 3,712,307; Japanese Laid-Open No.
- R represents hydrogen, optionally substituted radicals from the group acyl, alkyl,
- A represents a monofunctional group from the series hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, aryl or represents a bifunctional group which is linked to the radical Z,
- E represents an electron-withdrawing radical such as NO 2 or CN
- H atom can be linked to the radical Z;
- R represents hydrogen and also optionally substituted radicals from the series acyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl alkyl.
- Formyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, (alkyl-) - (aryl-) - phosphoryl, which in turn can be substituted, may be mentioned as acyl radicals.
- alkyl examples include C 1-10 -alkyl, in particular C 1-4 -alkyl, in particular methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, sec.- or t.-butyl, which in turn may be substituted.
- Phenyl, naphthyl, especially phenyl, may be mentioned as aryl.
- Phenylmethyl and phenethyl may be mentioned as aralkyl.
- Heteroaryl with up to 10 ring atoms and N, O, S in particular N as heteroatoms may be mentioned as heteroaryl.
- Thienyl, furyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, benzothiazolyl may be mentioned in particular.
- Heteroarylalkyl which may be mentioned are heteroarylmethyl, heteroarylethyl having up to 6 ring atoms and N, O, S, in particular N, as heteroatoms.
- Optionally substituted alkylene with 1-4, in particular 1-2, C atoms may be mentioned, the substituents listed above being mentioned as substituents and the alkylene groups being interrupted by heteroatoms from the series N, O, S. could be.
- a and Z together with the atoms to which they are attached can form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring.
- the heterocyclic ring can contain a further 1 or 2 identical or different heteroatoms and / or hetero groups.
- the heteroatoms are preferably oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen and the hetero groups are N-alkyl, alkyl of the N-alkyl group preferably containing 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms.
- the alkyls are methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl and n -, i- and t-Butyl called.
- the heterocyclic ring contains 5 to 7, preferably 5 or 6, ring members.
- heteroeyclic ring examples include pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, hexamethyleneimine, hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine and morpholine, which may optionally be substituted by methyl.
- E stands for an electron-withdrawing radical, in particular NO 2 , CN,
- Haloalkylcarbonyl such as 1,5-halo-C 1-4 -carbonyl, in particular COCF 3 may be mentioned.
- R and the substituents preferably have the meaning given above.
- Z can together with the atom to which it is attached and the rest form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring at the position of X.
- the heterocyclic ring can contain a further 1 or 2 identical or different heteroatoms and / or hetero groups.
- the heteroatoms are preferably oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen and the hetero groups are N-alkyl, the alkyl or N-alkyl group preferably containing 1 to 4, in particular 1 or 2, carbon atoms.
- the alkyls are methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl and n-, i- and t-butyl called
- the heterocyclic ring contains 5 to 7, preferably 5 or 6 ring members.
- heterocyclic ring examples include pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, hexamethyleneimine, morpholine and N-methylpiperazine.
- n 1 or 2
- Sulfenanude such as dichlorofluoride (Euparen), tolylfluanid (Methyl euparen), Folpet, Fluorfolpet;
- Benzimidazoles such as Carbendazim (MBC), Benomyl, Fuberidazole, Thiabendazole or their salts;
- Thiocyanates such as thiocyanatomethylthiobenzothiazole (TCMTB), methylene bisthiocyanate (MBT); quaternary ammonium compounds such as benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride,
- Azoles such as tridimefon, triadimenol, bitertanol, tebuconazole, propiconazole, azaconazole, hexaconazole, prochloraz, cyproconazole, 1- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (1-chlorocyclopropyl) -3- (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl ) -propan-2-ol, 1- (2-chlorophenyl) -2- (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methyl) -3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-ol.
- Iodopropargyl derivatives such as iodopropargyl butyl carbamate (IPBC), chlorophenyl formal, phenyl carbamate, hexyl carbamate, cyclohexyl carbamate, iodopropargyloxyethylphenyl carbamate;
- IPBC iodopropargyl butyl carbamate
- chlorophenyl formal phenyl carbamate
- hexyl carbamate hexyl carbamate
- cyclohexyl carbamate iodopropargyloxyethylphenyl carbamate
- Iodine derivatives such as diiodomethyl-p-arylsulfones e.g. Diiodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone; Bromine derivatives such as bromopol;
- Isothiazolines such as N-methylisothioazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-N-methylisothiazolin-3-one, 4,5-dichloro-N-octylisothiazolin-3-one, N-octylisothiazolin-3-one (octilinones);
- Pyridines such as 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinthione, tetrachlor-4-methylsulphonylpyridine; Nitriles such as 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (chlorothalonil) and others microbicides with activated halogen group such as CI-Ac, MCA, tectamer, bromopol, bromidox;
- Benzothiazoles such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles, see above or Dazomet;
- Particularly preferred insecticides are; Phosphoric acid esters such as azinphos-eteyl, azinphos-methyl, 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4- (O-ethyl, S-propyl) phosphoryloxypyrazole (TIA-230), chlorpyrifos, Coumaphos, Demeton, Demeton-S-methyl, diazinon, Dichlorvos, Dimethoate, Ethoprophos, Etrimfos, Fenitrothion, Fention, Heptenophos, Parathion, Parathion-methyl, Phosalone, Phoxion, Pirimiphos-ethyl, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Prothiofos, Sulprofos, Triazophos and Trichlorphon.
- Phosphoric acid esters such as azinphos-eteyl, azinphos-methyl, 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -4- (O-
- Carbamates such as aldicarb, bendiocarb, BPMC (2- (1-methylpropyl) phenylmethylcarbamate), butocarboxime, butoxycarboxim, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cloethocarb, isoprocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb, promecarb, propoxur and thiodicarbox.
- Pyrethroids such as allethrin, alphamethrin, bioresmethrin, byfenthrin (FMC 54 800), cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, decamethrione, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, alpha-cyano-3-phenyl-2-methylbenzyl-2,2-dimethyl-3- ( chloro-2-trifluoromethylvinyl) cyclopropane carboxylate, fenpropathrin, fenfluthrin, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate, permethrin and resmethrin; Nitroimino and
- Nitroimides such as 1 - [(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl) methyl] -4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imidazol2-amine (imidacloprid).
- herbicides are anilides, such as diflufenican and propanil, aryl carboxylic acids, such as, for example, dichloropicolinic acid, dicamba and picloram, aryloxyalkanoic acids, such as, for example, 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DP, fluroxypyr , MCPA, MCPP and triclopyr, aryloxy-phenoxy-alkanoic acid esters, such as Diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl and quizalofop-ethyl, azinones such as e.g.
- chloridazone and norflurazon carbamates such as e.g. Chlorpropham, desmedipham, phenmedipham and propham, chloroacetanilides such as e.g. Alachlor, Acetochlor, Butachlor, Metazachlor, Metolachlor, Pretilachlor and
- diphenyl ether such as e.g. Acifluorfen, bifenox, fluoroglycofen, fomesafen, halosafen, lactofen and oxyfluorfen
- ureas such as e.g. Chlorotoluron,
- Imidazohnones e.g. Imazethapyr, imazamethabenz, imazapyr and imazaquin, nitriles such as e.g. Bromoxynil, dichlorobile and ioxynil, oxacetamides, e.g. Mefenacet, sulfonylureas, e.g.
- Atrazin Cyanazin, Simazm, Simetryne, Terbutryne and Terbutylazin, Triazinone, e.g. Hexazinone, metamitron and metribuzin, others such as e.g. Aminotriazole, benfuresate, bentazone, cinmethylin, clomazone, clopyralid,
- Difenzoquat Dithiopyr, Ethofumesate, Fluorochloride, Glufosinate, Glyphosate, Isoxaben, Pyridate, Quinchlorac, Quinmerac, Sulphosate and Tridiphane.
- the systems according to the invention contain 0.1 to 30% by weight of active ingredient, preferably 1 to 20% by weight of active ingredient and particularly preferably 5 to 20% by weight of active ingredient.
- active ingredient preferably 1 to 20% by weight of active ingredient and particularly preferably 5 to 20% by weight of active ingredient.
- carrier polymer preferably 1 to 20% by weight of active ingredient and particularly preferably 5 to 20% by weight of active ingredient.
- they can also contain other customary additives.
- Such additives are fillers such as Table salt, carbonates such as calcium carbonate, hydrogen carbonate, aluminum oxides, silicas, clays, precipitated or colloidal silicon dioxide, phosphates.
- Suitable additives are lubricants and lubricants such as Magnesium stearate, stearic acid, talc, bentonite.
- Suitable additives are the plasticizers which are usually used to plasticize solid vinyl resins.
- Suitable plasticizers are, for example, esters of phosphoric acid, such as esters of phthalic acid, such as
- esters of adipic acid such as diisobutyl adipate.
- Other esters such as the esters of azelaic acid, maleic acid, ricinoleic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, sebacic acid, stearic acid and trimellitic acid, as well as complexed linear polyester epoxy polymers, plasticizers, and plasticizers.
- Plasticizer is up to about 50%, preferably about 10 to 30% by weight of the total composition.
- additives are stabilizing agents and coloring materials. Suitable stabilizing agents are antioxidants and agents which protect the polymers from undesired degradation during processing. Some stabilizing agents, such as epoxidized soybean ols, also serve as secondary plasticizers.
- the additives can be used in a concentration of up to about 50% by weight. preferably up to about 20% by weight of the total composition can be used.
- Components are dry mixed according to known mixing methods and compression molded according to known extrusion or injection molding methods.
- the solution is preferably introduced into a nozzle Precipitation bath pressed, the resulting coagulating material drawn off as threads (wet spinning process).
- the precipitation is preferably carried out by means of the known dry and wet spinning processes.
- the choice of the processing method for producing the shaped bodies according to the invention is fundamentally based on the theological properties of the shaped body material and the shape of the desired structure.
- the processing methods can be adjusted according to the processing technology or the type of shaping.
- the processes can be subdivided according to the theological conditions they run through. Then pouring, pressing, spraying and applying for viscous molded body materials and injection molding, extrusion (extrusion), calendering, rolling and, if necessary, kneading are considered for the type of shaping divided, the shaped bodies according to the invention can be produced by casting, dipping, pressing, injection molding, extruding, calendering, embossing, bending, deep drawing, spinning, etc.
- the systems according to the invention can also be used for the treatment of individual plants, such as trees.
- they are preferably in the form of suitable shaped bodies such as rods, tablets, plates, foils, tiles, fabrics, strips, rivets, nails, clips, pins, needles, Hollow nailing, wires inserted into the sap flow of the plants.
- the shaped bodies are either inserted into the cavities made in the plant or simply into the plant Plant tissue pressed, pressed, beaten. They can also be pushed under carefully loosened bark or parts of plants, the bark or parts of plants then serving again for covering.
- the systems according to the invention can also be used for the production of transcuticular agents.
- transcuticular agents are in the form of paints, film-forming pastes,
- Solid-state NMR determined degree of substitution is 1.7 moles of phthalic acid and 2.75 moles of propyl groups per glucose unit.
- a glucose release of 85, 19 ⁇ g glucose / ml-h of the sample preincubated at 60 ° C. was found.
- the composting test the sample is completely degraded after four weeks.
- the degree of substitution determined by solid-state NMR is 3.0 mol of hexahydrophthalic acid and 3.0 mol of propyl groups per glucose unit.
- the enzyme test a release of 70.6 ⁇ g of glucose / ml-h of the sample preincubated at 60 ° C. is found.
- the composting test the sample is completely degraded after four weeks.
- Example 6 a were used to produce active substance-containing molded articles according to the invention
- OH groups per glucose unit 1.80 metered separately into a twin-screw extruder using differential scales. Furthermore, c) 100 parts by weight of the plasticizer triethylene glycol were metered into the screw by means of a pump.
- the components were homogenized in the extruder at 140 ° C. to 150 ° C. within 4 minutes and the melt was extruded at a throughput of 3.8 kg / h, cooled with air and granulated.
- the molding compound containing the active ingredient is shaped into bars, pins, strips and plates using an injection molding machine at 160 ° C.
- the melt strand was drawn off at a speed of 35 m / min, so that a cable with a diameter of approximately 1 mm was formed, and after cooling with air, it was wound onto a spool. By subsequently cutting the cable, pins with a length of 2 cm were produced.
- the melt was pressed at 155 ° C. through a 75 mm wide slot nozzle with a gap height of 0.5 mm, cooled by air blowing and drawn off by means of a Teflon conveyor belt at a speed of 5 / min. In this way, films with a thickness of approximately 50 ⁇ m were obtained.
- the resulting active substance-containing mass was shaped in a press at 200 bar pressure and 120 ° C. into sheets with an area of 10 cm 2 and a thickness of 2 mm.
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Systeme bestehend aus Polysaccharidetherestern und agrochemischen Wirkstoffen, die gegebenenfalls übliche Zusatzstoffe enthalten und biologisch abbaubar sind.
Description
Wirkstofffreisetzende Polysaccharidetherester
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft biologisch abbaubare wirkstofffreisetzende Systeme aus thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Polysaccharidetherestern und agrochemischen Wirkstoffen sowie deren Verwendung zur Pflanzenbehandlung.
Die Einarbeitung von Wirkstoffen in thermoplastisch verarbeitbare Polymere ist bekannt. Es läßt sich jedoch nicht von vornherein absehen, ob ein Wirkstoff-Polymer-System den Wirkstoff in ausreichendem Maße und über eine ausreichend lange Zeit verteilt freisetzt. Außerdem verbleibt nach Ende der Behandlung der Polymerträger mit Restwirkstoff an den Pflanzen oder im Boden und muß aufwendig entsorgt werden (vergl. US-P 4 743 448, US-P 4 666 767, US-P 5 201 925).
Es sind auch biologisch abbaubare Trägersysteme, die agrochemische Wirkstoffe freisetzen, bekannt geworden (vergl. WO 91/3940, EP-A 344 1 18, EP-A 404 727,
DE-A 3 936 191). Doch ist bei diesen Systemen weden Wirkstofffreisetzung noch Abbau des Polymeren voll befriedigend.
Wünschenswert wäre es daher, ein möglichst vollständig biologisch abbaubares und thermoplastisch verarbeitbares Polymer als Träger für agrochemische Wirk-Stoffe zu verwenden, das auch ohne Zusatz von synthetischen Polymeren ausreichende mechanische Eigenschaften neben guten Freisetzungseigenschaften des Wirkstoffes besitzt.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind daher Systeme aus Polysaccharidetherestern und agrochemischen Wirkstoffen, die gegebenenfalls übliche Zusatzstoffe enthalten.
Als Polysaccharidetherester seien diejenigen der folgenden allgemeinen Strukturformel genannt
Polysaccharid-O-R wobei
Polysaccharid-O die substituierten OH-Gruppen einer polymeren Saccharideinheit repräsentieren und
R entweder ein mono- und/oder polymerer Substituent der Struktur X ist:
X = -A-B-A'- wobei
A und A' für eine lineare Polyetherkette folgender Strukturen stehen:
A = (-D-O)n und A = (-D-O)mH in der
D eine lineare aliphatische oder aromatische verzweigte oder unverzweigte Kette mit 2 bis 11 C-Atomen bedeutet und n eine ganze Zahl gleich oder größer als 0 ist, m eine ganze Zahl gleich oder größer als 1 ist, und
B eine Dicarbonsäure folgender Struktur ist:
in der E ein aromatisches oder aliphatisches Kohlenstoffgerust das gegebenenfalls mit weiteren Substituenten versehen sein kann ist, wobei das Verhältnis von A' zu B gleich oder größer 0, 1 ist, oder R ist entsprechend dem Substitutionsgrad pro Saccharideinheit mit X gleich H (Wasserstoff) und/oder Alkyl mit 1 bis 4, vorzugsweise 1 bis 2 C- Atomen.
Diese Polysaccharidetherester werden hergestellt, indem zuerst das Polysaccharid mit Alkalilauge aktiviert wird. Diese Aktivierung kann durch die Synthese und Isolierung eines Alkalipolysaccharids geschehen oder alternativ durch Herstellung eines wasserfeuchten Alkalipolysaccharids oder einer Suspension des Polysaccharids in wassermischbaren Lösungsmitteln und anschließender Zugabe einer wassrigen Alkalilösung.
Auch weiter aktivierende Behandlungen wie z. B. mit flüssigem Ammoniak oder Ultraschall sind möglich.
Vor Beginn der Veretherungs- und Veresterungsreaktion wird das wasser- und/oder losemittelfeuchte Alkalipolysaccharid einer Lösemittelwäsche unterzogen, wodurch ein definierter Alkali-Gehalt eingestellt werden kann.
Ebenso kann die Aktivierung durch Aufsprühen einer wassrigen Alkali-Lauge vorgenommen werden. Auf die so aktivierte Cellulose wird das Epoxid aufgepfropft und vorzugsweise vor der Reaktion mit dem Dicarbonsaureanhydrid das im Reaktionsansatz vorhandene Wasser abdestilliert.
Die Reaktion mit den Dicarbonsaureanhydriden wird in Suspensionsmitteln durchgeführt. Hierbei ist es als überraschend anzusehen, daß das Dicarbonsaureanhydrid in einer Zweiphasen-Reaktion (flüssig-fest) mit dem Polysaccharid in organischen Standard-Lösemitteln reagiert, da vergleichbare Reaktionen nur in aktivierenden und stark quellenden Lösemitteln wie Essigsaure und Pyridin durchgeführt werden konnten.
Alternativ zur Aktivierung mit Alkalilauge kann die Umsetzung des Polysaccharids mit dem Dicarbonsaureanhydrid auch mit organischen Aminen durchgeführt werden. Hierzu wird das Polysaccharid oder der alkalifreie Celluloseether im Suspensionsmedium mit dem Amin als Katalysator aufgerührt und zu dieser Suspension bzw. Lösung das Dicarbonsaureanhydrid hinzugegeben. Hierbei entsteht der Dicarbonsauremonoester des Polysaccharids bzw des Polysaccharidethers.
In Suspensionsmitteln wie DMSO, DMAc oder DMF geht das Produkt wahrend der Umsetzung mit dem Dicarbonsaureanhydrid in Lösung.
Im nächsten Schritt wird die noch freie Carboxylgruppe des so entstandenen Dicarbonsäuremonoesters mit Alkylenoxiden umgesetzt. Dabei können die Mengenverhältnisse so gewählt werden, daß die freien Carbonsäuren vollständig oder nur teilweise mit Alkylenoxid umgesetzt werden. Ebenso können die freien Säuregruppen als Starter für einen polymeren Etheraufbau dienen.
Wurde zur Aktivierung Amin verwendet, dient es auch bei diesem Reaktionsschritt als Katalysator. Entsprechend können bei Alkaliaktivierung an dieser Stelle geringe Mengen Amin zugegeben werden.
Für die Synthese ist technisch zugängliche Cellulose, wie z. B. Holzzellstoff und Baumwoliinters beliebigen Molgewichts oder andere zellstoffhaltige Produkte wie z.B. Sägespäne, geeignet. Weiterhin eignen sich native und lösliche Stärken beliebiger Provenienz und Vorbehandlung sowie Amylose, Amylopektin, Alginat, Glykogen, Carraghenat, Chitin, Chitosan, Guar als Splits oder Mehl, Johannisbrotkernmehl, Pektin, Xylan, Xanthan, Pullulan, Dextran und Laevan. Werden als Polysaccharidether Celluloseether eingesetzt, eignen sich Celluloseether wie Methylcellulose oder Ethylcellulose oder Benzyl cellulose mit durchschnittlichen Substitutionsgraden kleiner/gleich 2,5, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Hydroxypropylcellulose, Dihydroxypropylcellulose, Hydroxybutylcellulose, Methylhydroxyethylcellulose, Methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Methylhydroxybutylcellulose, Ethylhydroxypropylcellulose, Ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, Carboxyalkylcellulose, Sulfoalkylcellulose, Cyanoethylcellulose und deren Mischether.
Als Dicarbonsäureanhydride eignen sich Anhydride wie Phthalsäureanhydrid, Tetrahydrophthalsäureanhydrid, Hexahydrophthalsäureanhydrid, Maleinsäureanhydrid, Bernsteinsäureanhydrid, Trimellitsäureanhydrid und Isatosäureanhydrid. Als Epoxide eignen sich bevorzugt Monoepoxide wie Ethylenoxid, Propylenoxid,
1,2-Epoxybutan, 1,2-Epoxyhexan, 1,2-Epoxyoctan, 1,2-Epoxydecan, 1,2-Epoxydodecan, 1 ,2-Epoxyhexadecan, 1,2-Epoxyoctadecan, Stearinsäureglycidylether, Epoxybutylstearat, Laurylglycidy lether, Glycidylmethylether, Glycidylethylether, Glycidylpropylether, Glycidylbutylether, Glycidyltertiärbutylether, Glycidylacrylat, Glycidylmethacrylat, Allylglycidylether, Butadienmonoxid, Glycidol, 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilan, 3-Glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilan, Di-N-Butylamino-2,3-
epoxypropan, Diethyl-ß,γ-epoxypropylphosphat, 4-(2,3-Epoxypropyl)morpholin, Styroloxid und Phenoxypropylenoxid.
Einzelheiten zur Herstellung der Polysaccharidetherester können der DE-A 4 404 840 oder EP- Anmeldung 95 101 474 entnommen werden, auf deren Inhalt und Beispiele hiermit ausdrucklich Bezug genommen wird.
Als agrochemische Wirkstoffe seien Insektizide, Fungizide und Herbizide genannt.
Bei den Insektiziden seien bevorzugt genannt organische Phosphorverbindungen wie Phosphorsaureester, Carbamate, Pyrethroide, HarnstofFderivate wie Benzoylharnstoffe, Triazine, Agonisten oder Antagonisten der nicotinogen Acetylcholinrezeptoren von Insekten Zu erwähnen seien auch Juvenilhormone und juvenoide synthetische Verbindungen wir z B Pyriproxyfen, Methoprene, Hydroprene.
Zu den Pyrethroiden gehören:
Allethrin = 2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-1-propenyll)-cyclopropan-carboxylat des 2-Methyl-4-oxo-3-(2-propenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-yl. Barthrin = 2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-cyclopropan-carboxylat des (6- Chloro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-methyl.
Bioresmethrin = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-l -propenyl)carboxylat des [5-(Phenyl-methyl)-3-furanyl]-methyl.
Bromethrin = 2-(2,2-Dibromovinyl)-3,3-dimethylcyclopropan-carboxylate des (5-Benzyl-3-furyl)methyl.
Cycloethrin = 2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-propenyl)-cyclopropan-carboxylat des 3-(2-Cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-methyl-4-oxo-2-cyclopenten-1-yl.
Dimethrin = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des 2,4-Dimethylbenzyl.
Pyresmethrin = trans-(+)-3-carboxy-α,2,2-trimethylcyclopropan-acrylat des 3-[(5-benzyl-3-furyl)-methyl]methyl.
Resmethrin = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des (5-Benzyl-3-furyl)-methyl.
Tetramethrin = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des (1,3,4,5,6,7-Hexahydro-1,3-di-oxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-methyl . K-othrin = 2,2-Dimethylcyclopropan-carboxylat des (5-Benzyl-3-furyl)-methyl-trans-(+)-3-cyclopentyliden-methyl.
Permethrin (FMC 33297) (NRDC 143) = 2,2-Dimethylcyclopropan-carboxylat des m-Phenoxybenzyl-cis-trans-(+)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl).
Cinerin I = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des 2-(2-Butenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-on.
Pyrethrin I = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des 4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(2,4-pentadienyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-on.
Cinerin II = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des 2-(2-Butenyl)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-on. Pyrethrin II = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)-carboxylat des 4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2- (2,4-pentadienyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-on.
Jasmohn I = 4',5'-Dihydropyrethrin-I.
Jasmolin II = 4',5'-Dihydropyrethrin-II.
Biothanometrin = 2,2-Dimethyl-3-(2-cyclopentylvinyl)-cyclopropan-carboxylat des (5-Benzyl-3-furyl)methyl.
Bioethanomethrin = 2-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropan-carboxylat des (3-Diphenylether)methyl.
Cypermethrin = 2-(2,2-Dichlorovmyl)-3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropan-carboxylat des (3- Diphenylether)-cycnomethyl.
Decamethrin = 2-(2,2-Dibromovinyl)-3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropan-carboxylat des (3-Diphenylether)-cyanomethyl.
ES-56 = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)carboxylat des 2,3-Dihydrofüran.
Fenpropanate (S-3206) = 2,2-Dimethyl-3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropan-carboxylat des (3-Diphenylether)cyanomethyl.
Fenvalerate (S-5602) = [(p-Chlorophenyl)-(isopropyl)]-acetat des (3-Diphenylether)-cyanomethyl.
(S-5439) = [(p-Chlorophenyl)-(isopropyl)]-acetat des (3-Diphenylether)methyl .
Cis-methrin = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyI)carboxylat des 5-Benzyl-3-furylmethyl. Phenothrin = 2,2,3-(2-Methyl-1-propenyl)carboxylat des (3-Phenoxybenzyl)methyl.
Cyfluthrin = 2-(2,2-Dichlorvinyl)-3,3-dimethylcyclopropan-carboxylat des 4-Fluor3-diphenylether-cyanomethylol.
Zu den Carbamaten gehören:
Aldicarb = 2-Methyl-2-(methylthio)-propanol-O-[(methylamino)carbonyi]oxim. Aldoxycarb = 2-Methyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)propanol-O-[methylamino)carbonyl]-oxim.
Aminocarb = Methylcarbamat des 4-Dimethylamino-3-methylphenyl.
Bendiocarb = N-Methylcarbamat des 2,2-Dimethyl-benzo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl.
Bufencarb = Methylcarbamat des 3-(1-Methylbutyl)phenyl und Methylcarbamat des 3-(1-EthylpropyI)-phenyl (3:1).
Butacarb = Methylcarbamat des 3,5-Bis-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl .
Butocarboxim = 3-Methylthio-2-butan-O-[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxim.
Butoxycarboxim = 3-Methylthio-2-butanon-O-[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxim.
2-sec.-Butylphenylmethylcarbamat = Methylcarbamat des 2-(1-Methylpropyl)-phenyl. Carbanolate = Methylcarbamate des 2-Chloro-4,5-dimethylphenyl.
Carbaryl = Methylcarbamat des 1-NaphthalenyI.
Carbofuran = Methylcarbamat des 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl.
Cartap = Carbamothicat des S,S'-[2-(dimethylamino)-1,3-propandiyl].
Decarbofuran = Methylcarbamat des 2,3-Dihydro-2-methylbenzofuran-7-yl. Dimetilan = Dimethylcarbamat des -[(dimethylamino)-carbonyl]-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl.
Dioxocarb = Methylcarbamat des 2-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-phenyl.
Ethiofencarb = Methylcarbamat des 2-Ethylthiomethylphenyl
Fenethacarb = Methylcarbamat des 3,5-Diethylphenyl Formetanate = Methylcarbamat des 3-Dimethylaminoethylenaminophenyl
Formparanate = Methylcarbamat des 3-Methyl-4-dimethylamino-methylenaminophenyl
Isoprocarb = Methylcarbamat des 2-Isopropylphenyl.
Methiocarb = Methylcarbamat des 3,5-Dimethyl-4-methylthiophenyl. Methomyl = Methyl-N-[[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxy]-ethan-imidothioat.
Mexacarbate = Methylcarbamat des 4-Dimethylamino-3,5-dimethylphenyl .
Nabam = 1,2-Ethandiylbis(carbamodithioat)disodique.
Nitrilacarb = zu Cl2, (4,4-Dimethyl-5-methylamino-carbonyloximino)pentannitril.
Oxamil = Memyl-2-(dimethylamino)-N-[[(methylamino)-carbonyl]oxy]-2-oxoethaniminothioat.
Pirimicarb = Dimethylcarbamat des 2-(Dimethylamino)-5,6-dimethyl-4-pyrimidinyl.
Promecarb = Methylcarbamat des 3-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)phenyl.
Propoxur = Methylcarbamat des 2-(1-Methylethoxy)phenyl. Thiofanox = 3,3-Dimethyl-(methylthio)-2-butanon-O-[(methylamino)carbonyl]-oxim
Thiocarboxime = Carbamat des 1-(2-Cyanoethylthio)-ethylenaminomethyl.
Thiram = Diamide des Acid-tetramethylthoperoxy-dicarbonid.
Trimethylphenylmethylcarbamat = Methylcarbamat des 3,4,5-Trimethylphenyl. 3, 4-Xylylmethyl carbamat = Methylcarbamat des 3,4-Dimethylphenyl.
3,5-Xylylmethylcarbamat = Methylcarbamat des 3,5-Dimethylphenyl.
Zu den phosphororganischen Verbindungen gehören: Acephate = O,S-Dimethylacetylphosphoroaminothioat.
Amidithion = S-(N-2-methoxyethylcarbamoylmethyl)-dimethylphosphorodithioat. Amiton = S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-diethylphosphorothioat.
Athidation = O,O-Diethyl-S-5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methylphosphorodithioat.
Azinphos-ethyl = O,O-Diethyl-S-[(4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3(4H)-yl)methyI]phosphorodithioat. Azinphos-methyl = O,O-Dimethyl-S-[(4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3(4H)-yl)methyl]-phosphorodithioat.
Azothioate = O,O-Dimethyl-O-[p-(p-chlorophenylazo)-phenyl]phosphorothioat.
Bromophos = =-(4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl)-O,O-dimethylphosphorothioat.
Bromophos-ethyl = =-(4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl)-O,O-diethylphosphorothioat Butonate = O,O-Dimethyl-1-butyryl-1-butyryloxy.
Carbophenothion = S-[[(4-Chlorophenyl)thio]methyl]-O,O-diuethylphosphorodithioat.
Chlorfenvinphos = 2-Chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-ethenyl-phosphat des Diethyl.
Chlormephos = S-Chloromethyl-O,O-diethylphosphorodithioat Chlorphoxim = 7-(2-Chlorphenyl)-4-ethoxy-3,5-dioxa-6-aza-4-phosphaoct-6-en-8-nitril-4-sulfur.
Chlorprazophos = O,O-Diethyl-O-3-chloro-7-methyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl-phosphorothioat.
Chlorpyrifos = O,O-Diethyl-0,3,5,6,-trichloro-2-pyridylphosphorothioat. Chlorpyrifos-methyl = O,O-Dimethyl-O,3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridylphosphorothioat.
Chlorthiophos = O-2,5-Dichloro-4-(methylthio)-phenyl-O,O-diethylphosphorothioat
Coumaphos = O-3-Chloro-4-methylcoumarin-7-yl-O,O-diethylphosphorothioat.
Coumithoat = O,O-Diethyl-O-(7,8,9, 10-tetrahydro-6-oxo-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-3-yl-phosphorothioat.
Cortoxyphos = 1-Phenylethyl(E)-3-[(dimethoxyphosphonyl)oxy]-2-butenoat.
Cruformate = 2-Chlor-4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenylmethyl-methylphosphoramidat. Cyanofenphos - O-4-Cyanophenyl-O-ethylphenylphosphonothioat.
Cyanophos = O-4-Cyanophenyl-O,O-dimethylphosphorothioat.
Cyanthoate = O,O-Diethyl-S-[N-(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)]carbamoylmethylphosphorothioat.
Demephion = O,O-Dimethyl-O-2-methylthioethylphosphorothioat und des OkO-Dimethyl-S-2-methylthioethylphosphorothioat.
Demeton = O,O-Diethyl-O-2-ethylthioethylphosphorothioat und O,O-Diethyl-S-2-ethylthioethylphosphorothioat
Demeton-S-methyl = O,O-Dimethyl-S-2-ethylthioethylphosphorothioat.
Demeton-S-methyl-sulfon = S-2-Ethylsulfonylethyl-O,O-dimethylphosphorothioat. Demeton-S = O,O-Diethyl-S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl]phosphorothioat.
Demeton-O = O,O-Diethyl-O-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl]phosphorothioat.
Demeton-O-methyl = O,O-Dimethyl-O-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl]phosphorothioat.
Dialifos = S-[2-Chloro-1-(1,3-dihydro- 1,3-dioxy-2H-isoindol-2-yl)ethyl]-O,O-diethylphosphorodithioat Diazinon = O,O-Diethyl-O-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]phosphorothioat.
Dichlorfenthion = O,O-Diethyl-O-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-phosphorothioat.
O-2,4-Dichlorophenyl-O-ethylphenylphosphonothioat.
Dichlorvos = Dimethyl-2,2-dichloroethenylphosphat.
Dicrotophos = Dimethyl-3-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-propenylphosphat.
Dimefox = Oxid des Bis(dimethylamino)fluorophosphin. Dimefox = Oxid des Bis(dimethylamino)fluorophosphin.
Dimethoate = O,O-Dimethyl-S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxo-ethyl]phosphorodithioat.
1,3-Di-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-propen-2-yl-dimethylphosphat = Dimethyl-3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-2-pentendioat.
Dioxathion = S,S'-1,4-Dioxan-2,3-diyl-O,O',O'-tetraethyl-di-(phosphorodithioat). Disulfoton = O,O-Diethyl-S-2-ethylthioethylphosphorodithioat.
EPN = O-Ethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl-phenylphosphonothioat.
Endothion = O,O-Dimethyl-S-(5-methoxy-4-pyron-2-yl-methyl)phosphorothioat.
Ethion = O,O,O",O"-Tetraehyl-S,S'-methylen-di(phosphorodithioat) .
S-Ethylsulfinylmethyl-O,O-diisopropylphosphorodithioat. Ethoat-methyl= O,O-Dimethyl-S-(N-ethylcarbamoyl-methyl)phosphorodithioat.
Ethoprophos = O-Ethyl-S,S-dipropylphosphorodothioat.
Etrimfos = O-(6-Ethoxy-2-ethyl-4-pyrimidinyl)-O,O-dimethylphosphorothioat.
Famphur = O,O-Dimethyl-O-p-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-phenylphosphorothioat.
Fenchlorphos = O,O-DimethyI-O-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-phosphorothioat.
Fensulfothion = O,O-Diethyl-O-4-(methylsulfinyl)phenylphosphorothioat.
Fenthion = O,O-Dimethyl-O-[3-methyl-4-(methylthio)-phenyl]phosphorothioat.
Fonophos = O-Ethyl-S-phenylethylphosphonodithioat.
Formothion = S-[2-(formylmethylamino)-2-oxoethyl]-O,O-dimethylphosphorodithioat.
Fospirate = Dimethyl-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridylphosphat.
Fosthietan = Diethyl-1,3-dithietan-2-yl-iden-phosphoramidat.
Heptenophos = 7-Chlorobicy clo[3 ,2,0]-hepta-2,6-dien-6-yl-dimethylphosphat.
Iodofenphos = O-2,5-Dichloro-4-iodophenyl-O,O-dimethyl-phosphorothioat. Isofenphos = 1-Methylethyl-2-[[ethoxy]-(1-methylethyl)amino[phosphmothioyl]-oxyjbenzoat.
Leptophos = O-4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorphenyl-O-methylphenylphosphonothioat.
Lythidathion = O,O-Dimethyl-S-(5-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methyl)phosphotodithioat. Malathion = Diethyl(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thiobutendioat.
Mazidox = N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylphosphorodiamidique-acid.
Mecarbam = Methyl-ethyl[[(diethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]-acetal]carbamat.
Mecarphon = N-Methylcarbonyl-N-methyl-carbamoyl-methyl-O-methylmethylphosphonodithioat. Menazon = S-[(4,6-Diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)methyl]-O,O-dimethylphosphorodithioat.
Mephosfolan = Diethyl-4-methyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yl-dinen-phosphoroamidat.
Methamidophos = O,S-Dimethylphosphoramidothioat.
Methidation = S-[[5-Methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2H)-yI]methyl]-O,O-dimethylphosphorodithioat. Methocrotophos = Dimethyl-cis-2-(N-methoxy-N-methyl)-carbamoyl)-1-methylvinylphosphat.
2-Sulfur des 2-Methoxy-4H-benzo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorin.
Methyl-carbophenotion = S-[[(4-Chlorphenyl)thio]-methyl]-O,O-dimethylphosphorodithioat. Mevinphos = Methyl-3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-2-buenoat.
Monocrotophos = Dimethyl-1-methyl-3-(methylamino)-3-oxo-1-propenylphosphat. Morphotion = O,O-Dimethyl-S-(morpholino-carbonylmethyl)-phosphorodithioat. Naled = Dimethyl-1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethylphosphat. Omethoate = O,O-Dimethyl-S-[2-(methyIamino)-2-oxoethyl]phosphorothioat. Oxydimeton-methyl = S-[2-(Ethylsulfinyl)ethyl]-O,O-dimethylphosphorothioat.
Oxydisulfoton = O,O-Diethyl-S-[2-(ethyl-sulfinyl)-ethyl]-phosphorodithioat. Parathion = O,O-Diethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl-phosphorothioat. Parathion-methyl = O,O-Dimethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl-phosphorothioat. Phenkapton = O,O-Diethyl-S-(2,5-dichloro-phenylthiomethyl)-phosphorodithioat. Phenthoate = Ethyl-α[(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]benzenacetat.
Phorate = O,O-Diethyl-S-ethylthiomethyl-phosphorodithioat.
Phosalone = S-[[(6-Chloro-2-oxo-3)(2H)-benzoxazolyl]-(methyl)]-O-diethylphosphorodithioat.
Phosfolan = Diethyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-yliden-phosphoramidat. Phosmet = S-[(1,3-Dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl]-O,O-dimethylphosphorodithioat.
Phosnichlor = O,O-Dimethyl-O-4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl-phosphorothioat.
Phosphamidon = 2-Chloro-3-(diethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-l -propenylphosphat des Dimethyl. Phoxim = -[[Diethoxyphosphinothioyl)oxy]imino)-benzenacetonitriI.
Pirimiphos-ethyl = O-[2-(Diethylamino)-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)]-O,O-diethylphosphorothioat.
Pirimiphos-methyl = O-[2-(Diethylamino)-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)]-O,O-dimethylphosphorothioat. Profenofos = O-(4-bromo-2-chlorphenyl)-O-ethyl-S-propylphosphorothioat.
Propetamphos = (E)-1-Methylethyl-3-[[(ethylamino)-methoxyphosphinothioyl]oxy]2-butenoat.
Prothidathion = O,O-Diethyl-S-(2,3-dihydro-5-isopropyl-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-yl-methyl)-phosphorodithioat. Prothoate = O,O-Diethyl-S-[2-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-oxoethyl]-phosphorodithioat.
Quinalphos = O,O-Diethyl-O-2-quinoxalinylphosphorothioat.
Quinothion = O,O-Diethyl-2-methylquinolin-4-yl-phosphorothioat.
Quintiofos - O-Ethyl-O-8-quinolylphenyl-phosphorothioat.
Sophamide = O,O-Dimethyl-S-(N-methoxy-methyl)-carbamoyl-methylphosphorodithioat
Sulfotepp = Thiodiphosphat des Tetraethyl. Sulfprofos = O-Ethyl-O-(4-methylthiophenyl)-S-propylphosphorodithioat.
Temephos = O,O'-(Thiodi-4, 1 -phenylen)-O,O,O',O'-tetramethyl-di(phosphorodithioat).
Tepp = Diphosphate des Tetraethyl.
Terbufos = S-[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)thiomethyl]-O,O-diethylphosphorodithioat. Tetrachlorvinphos = trans-2-Chloro-1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)vinyl-phosphate des
Dimethyl.
O,O,O',O'-Tetrapropyl-dithiopyrophosphat = Thiodiphosphat des Tetrapropyl.
Thiometon = O,O-Dimethyl-S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl]-phosphorodithioat.
Thionazin = O,O-Diethyl-O-pyrazinylphosphorothioat. Triazophos = O,O-Diethyl-O-(phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)phosphorothioat.
Trichloronate = O-Ethyl-O-2,4,5-trichlorophenyl-ethylphosphonothioat.
Trichlorphon = Dimethyl-(1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloro-ethyl)-phosphonate.
Vamidothion = O,O-Dimethyl-S-[2-(1-methylcarbamoyl)-ethylenethyl]-phosphorothioat. Zu den Benzoylharnstoffen gehören Verbindungen der Formel (V):
- 17
wobei
R1 für Halogen steht,
R2 für Wasserstoff oder Halogen steht,
R3 für Wasserstoff, Halogen oder C1-4-Alkyl steht,
R4 für Halogen, 1-5-Halogen-C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-Alkoxy, 1-5-Halogen-C1-4-alkoxy, C1-4-Alkylthio, 1-5-Halogen-C1-4-alkylthio, Phenoxy oder Pyridyloxy, die gegebenenfalls substituiert sein können durch Halogen, C1-4-Alkyl, 1-5- Halogen-C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-Alkoxy, 1-5-Halogen-C1-4-alkoxy, C1-4-Alkylthio, 1-5-Halogen-C1-4-alkylthio.
Insbesondere seien Benzoylharnstoffe der Formel genannt:
Zu den Triazinen gehören Verbindungen der Formel
Zu den Agonisten oder Antanogisten der nicotinogen Acetylcholinrezeptoren von Insekten gehören die bekannten Verbindungen aus z.B. Europäische Offenlegungs- schriften Nr. 464 830, 428 941, 425 978, 386 565, 383 091, 375 907, 364 844, 315 826, 259 738, 254 859, 235 725, 212 600, 192 060, 163 855, 154 178, 136 636, 303 570, 302 833, 306 696, 189 972, 455 000, 135 956, 471 372,
302 389, Deutsche Offenlegungsschriften Nr. 3 639 877, 3 712 307; Japanische Offenlegungsschriften Nr. 3 639 877, 3 712 307, Japanische Offenlegungsschriften Nr. 03 220 176, 02 207 083, 63 307 857, 63 287 764, 03 246 283, 04 9371, 03 279 359, 03 255 072; US-Patentschriften Nr. 5 034 524, 4 948 798, 4 918 086, 5 039 686, 5 034 404; PCT-Anmeldungen Nr. WO 91/17 659, 91/4965; Französische Anmeldung Nr. 2 611 114; Brasilianische Anmeldung Nr 88 03 621.
Diese Verbindungen lassen sich bevorzugt durch die allgemeine Formel (I) wiedergeben ,
in welcher
R für Wasserstoff, gegebenenfalls substituierte Reste der Gruppe Acyl, Alkyl,
Aryl, Aralkyl, Heteroaryl oder Heteroarylalkyl steht;
A für eine monofunktionelle Gruppe aus der Reihe Wasserstoff, Acyl, Alkyl, Aryl steht oder für eine bifunktionelle Gruppe steht, die mit dem Rest Z verknüpft ist,
E für einen elektronenziehenden Rest wie NO2 oder CN steht,
X für die Reste -CH= oder =N- steht, wobei der Rest -CH= an der Stelle des
H-Atoms mit dem Rest Z verknüpft sein kann;
Z für eine monofunktionelle Gruppe aus der Reihe Alkyl, -O-R, -S-R,
oder für eine bifunktionelle Gruppe steht, die mit dem Rest A oder dem Rest X verknüpft ist.
Besonders bevorzugt sind Verbindungen der Formel (I), in welcher die Reste folgende Bedeutung haben:
R steht für Wasserstoff sowie für gegebenenfalls substituierte Reste aus der Reihe Acyl, Alkyl, Aryl, Aralkyl, Heteroaryl, Heteroaryl alkyl. Als Acylreste seien genannt Formyl, Alkylcarbonyl, Arylcarbonyl, Alkylsulfonyl, Arylsulfonyl, (Alkyl-)-(Aryl-)-phosphoryl, die ihrerseits substituiert sein können.
Als Alkyl seien genannt C1-10-Alkyl, insbesondere C1-4-Alkyl, im einzelnen Methyl, Ethyl, i-Propyl, sec.- oder t.-Butyl, die ihrerseits substituiert sein können .
Als Aryl seien genannt Phenyl, Naphthyl, insbesondere Phenyl.
Als Aralkyl seien genannt Phenylmethyl, Phenethyl.
Als Heteroaryl seien genannt Heteroaryl mit bis zu 10 Ringatomen und N, O, S insbesondere N als Heteroatomen Im einzelnen seien genannt Thienyl, Furyl, Thiazolyl, Imidazolyl, Pyridyl, Benzthiazolyl.
Als Heteroarylalkyl seien genannt Heteroarylmethyl, Heteroarylethyl mit bis zu 6 Ringatomen und N, O, S, insbesondere N als Heteroatomen.
Als Substituenten seien beispielhaft und vorzugsweise aufgeführt:
Alkyl mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Methyl, Ethyl, n- und i-Propyl und n-, i- und t-Butyl, Alkoxy mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Methoxy, Ethoxy, n- und i-Propyloxy und n-, i- und t-Butyloxy, Alkylthio mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Methylthio, Ethylthio, n- und i-Propylthio und n-, i- und t-Butylthio, Halogenalkyl mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohienstoffatomen und vorzugsweise 1 bis 5, insbesondere 1 bis 3 Halogenatomen, wobei die Halogenatome gleich oder verschieden sind und als Halogenatome, vorzugsweise Fluor, Chlor oder Brom, insbesondere Fluor stehen, wie Trifluormethyl, Hydroxy; Halogen, vorzugsweise Fluor, Chlor, Brom und Jod,
insbesondere Fluor, Chlor und Brom; Cyano; Nitro; Amino; Monoalkylund Dialkylamino mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatomen je Alkylgruppe, wie Methylamino, Methyl-ethyl-amino, n- und i-Propylamino und Methyl-n-butylamino; Carboxyl; Carbalkoxy mit vorzugsweise 2 bis 4, insbesondere 2 oder 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Carbomethoxy und Carboethoxy; Sulfo (-SO3H); Alkylsulfonyl mit vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Methyl sulfonyl und Ethylsulfonyl; Arylsulfonyl mit vorzugsweise 6 oder 10 Arylkohlenstoffatomen, wie Phenylsulfonyl sowie Heteroarylamino und Heteroarylalkylamino wie Chlorpyridylamino und Chlorpyridylmethylamino.
A steht besonders bevorzugt für Wasserstoff sowie für gegebenenfalls substituierte Reste aus der Reihe Acyl, Alkyl, Aryl, die bevorzugt die bei R angegebenen Bedeutungen haben. A steht ferner für eine bifunktionelle Gruppe Genannt sei gegebenenfalls substituiertes Alkylen mit 1-4, insbesondere 1-2 C-Atomen, wobei als Substituenten die weiter oben aufgezählten Substituenten genannt seien und wobei die Alkylengruppen durch Heteroatome aus der Reihe N, O, S unterbrochen sein können.
A und Z können gemeinsam mit den Atomen, an welche sie gebunden sind, einen gesättigten oder ungesättigten heterocycli sehen Ring bilden Der heterocyclische Ring kann weitere 1 oder 2 gleiche oder verschiedene Heteroatome und/oder Heterogruppen enthalten. Als Heteroatome stehen vorzugsweise Sauerstoff, Schwefel oder Stickstoff und als Heterogruppen N-Alkyl, wobei Alkyl der N-Alkyl-Gruppe vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatome enthalt Als Alkyl seien Methyl, Ethyl, n- und i- Propyl und n-, i- und t-Butyl genannt. Der heterocycli sehe Ring enthält 5 bis 7, vorzugsweise 5 oder 6 Ringglieder.
Als Beispiele für den heteroeyclischen Ring seien Pyrrolidin, Piperidin, Piperazin, Hexamethylenimin, Hexahydro-1,3,5-triazin, Morpholin genannt, die gegebenenfalls bevorzugt durch Methyl substituiert sein können. E steht für einen elektronentziehenden Rest, wobei insbesondere NO2, CN,
Halogenalkylcarbonyl wie 1,5-Halogen-C1-4-carbonyl, insbesondere COCF3 genannt seien.
X steht für -CH= oder -N=
Z steht für gegebenenfalls substituierte Reste Alkyl, -OR, -SR, -NRR, wobei
R und die Substituenten bevorzugt die oben angegebene Bedeutung haben.
Z kann außer dem obengenannten Ring gemeinsam mit dem Atom, an welches es gebunden ist und dem Rest
an der Stelle von X einen gesättigten oder ungesättigten heterocyclischen Ring bilden. Der heterocyclische Ring kann weitere 1 oder 2 gleiche oder verschiedene Heteroatome und/oder Heterogruppen enthalten. Als Heteroatome stehen vorzugsweise Sauerstoff, Schwefel oder Stickstoff und als Heterogruppen N-Alkyl, wobei die Alkyl oder N-Alkyl-Gruppe vorzugsweise 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 oder 2 Kohlenstoffatome enthält Als Alkyl seien Methyl, Ethyl, n- und i-Propyl und n-, i- und t-Butyl genannt Der heterocyclische Ring enthält 5 bis 7, vorzugsweise 5 oder 6 Ringglieder.
Als Beispiele für den heterocyclischen Ring seien Pyrrolidin, Piperidin, Piperazin, Hexamethylenimin, Morpholin und N-Methylpiperazin genannt.
Als ganz besonders bevorzugt verwendbare Verbindungen aus der Gruppe Agonisten und Antagonisten der nicotinogen Acetylcholinrezepturen von Insekten seien Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formeln (II) und (III) genannt:
in welchen
n für 1 oder 2 steht,
Subst. für einen der oben bei den als bevorzugten oder besonders bevorzugten Bedeutungen aufgeführten Substituenten, insbesonders für Halogen, ganz besonders für Chlor, steht,
5 A, Z, X und E die bei den als bevorzugte oder besonders bevorzugte oben angegebenen Bedeutungen haben,
Im einzelnen seien folgende Verbindungen genannt:
Als Fungizide seien bevorzugt genannt:
Sulfenanude wie Dichlorfluamd (Euparen), Tolylfluanid (Methyl euparen), Folpet, Fluorfolpet;
Benzimidazole wie Carbendazim (MBC), Benomyl, Fuberidazole, Thiabendazole oder deren Salze;
Thiocyanate wie Thiocyanatomethylthiobenzothiazol (TCMTB), Methylenbisthiocyanat (MBT); quartare Ammoniumverbindungen wie Benzyldimethyltetradecylammoniumchlorid,
Benzoyl-dimethyl-dodecyl-ammoniumchlorid, Dodecyl-dimethyl-ammomumchlorid, Morpholinderivate wie C11-C14-4-Alkyl-2,6-dimethyl-morpholin-homologe (Tridemorph), (±)-cis-4-[3-tert -Butylphenyl)-2-methylpropyl]-2,6-dimethylmorphohn (Fenpropimorph), Falimorph; Phenole wie o-Phenylphenol, Tribromophenol, Tetrachlorphenol, Pentachlorphenol,
3-Methyl-4-chlorphenol, Dichlorophen, Chlorophen oder deren Salze;
Azole wie Tridimefon, Triadimenol, Bitertanol, Tebuconazole, Propiconazole, Azaconazole, Hexaconazole, Prochloraz, Cyproconazole, 1-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(1- chlorcyclopropyl)-3-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-propan-2-ol, 1-(2-Chlorphenyl)-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methyl)-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-ol.
Iodpropargylderivate wie Iodpropargyl-butylcarbamat (IPBC), -chlorophenylformal, -phenylcarbamat, -hexylcarbamat, -cyclohexylcarbamat, Iodpropargyloxyethylphenylcarbamat;
Iodderivate wie Diiodmethyl-p-arylsulfone z.B. Diiodmethyl-p-tolylsulfon; Bromderivate wie Bromopol;
Isothiazoline wie N-Methylisothioazolin-3-on, 5-Chloro-N-methylisothiazolin-3-on, 4,5-Dichloro-N-octylisothiazolin-3-on, N-Octylisothiazolin-3-on (Octilinone);
Benzisothiazolinone, Cyclopentenisothiazoline;
Pyridine wie 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinthion, Tetrachlor-4-methylsulphonylpyridin; Nitrile wie 2,4,5,6-Tetrachlorisophthalonitril (Chlorthal onil) u a Mikrobizide mit aktivierter Halogengruppe wie CI-Ac, MCA, Tectamer, Bromopol, Bromidox;
Benzthiazole wie 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole, s o. Dazomet;
Chinoline wie 8-Hydroxychinolin.
Als Insektizide seien besonders bevorzugt genannt; Phosphorsaureester wie Azinphos-eteyl, Azinphos-methyl, 1-(4-Chlorphenyl)-4-(O-ethyl, S-propyl)phosphoryloxypyrazol (TIA-230),Chlorpyrifos, Coumaphos, Demeton, Demeton-S-methyl, Diazinon, Dichlorvos, Dimethoate, Ethoprophos, Etrimfos, Fenitrothion, Fention, Heptenophos, Parathion, Parathion-methyl, Phosalone, Phoxion, Pirimiphos-ethyl, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Prothiofos, Sulprofos, Triazophos und Trichlorphon.
Carbamate wie Aldicarb, Bendiocarb, BPMC (2-(1-Methylpropyl)phenylmethylcarbamat), Butocarboxim, Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Cloethocarb, Isoprocarb, Methomyl, Oxamyl, Pirimicarb, Promecarb, Propoxur und Thiodicarb.
Pyrethroide wie Allethrin, Alphamethrin, Bioresmethrin, Byfenthrin (FMC 54 800), Cycloprothrin, Cyfluthrin, Decamethrion, Cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Alpha-cyano-3-phenyl-2-methylbenzyl-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-chlor-2-trifluormethylvinyl)-cyclopropancarboxylat, Fenpropathrin, Fenfluthrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, Fluvalinate, Permethrin und Resmethrin; Nitroimino und
Nitroimide wie 1-[(6-Chlor-3-pyridinyl)-methyl]-4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imidazol2-amin (Imidacloprid).
Als Herbizide seien beispielsweise Anilide genannt, wie z.B Diflufenican und Propanil, Aryl carbonsauren, wie z B Dichlorpicolinsaure, Dicamba und Picloram, Aryloxyalkansauren, wie z B. 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DP, Fluroxypyr, MCPA, MCPP und Triclopyr, Aryloxy-phenoxy-alkansaureester, wie z.B. Diclofop-methyl, Fenoxaprop-ethyl, Fluazifop-butyl, Haloxyfop-methyl und Quizalofop-ethyl, Azinone, wie z.B Chloridazon und Norflurazon, Carbamate, wie z.B. Chlorpropham, Desmedipham, Phenmedipham und Propham, Chloracetanilide, wie z.B. Alachlor, Acetochlor, Butachlor, Metazachlor, Metolachlor, Pretilachlor und
Propachlor, Dinitroaniline, wie z.B Oryzalin, Pendimethalin und Trifluralin, Diphenylether, wie z.B. Acifluorfen, Bifenox, Fluoroglycofen, Fomesafen, Halosafen, Lactofen und Oxyfluorfen, Harnstoffe, wie z.B. Chlortoluron, Diuron, Flometuron, Isoproturon, Linuron und Methab enzthiazuron, Hydroxylamine, wie z.B . Alloxydim, Clethodim, Cycloxydim, Sethoxydim und Tralkoxydim,
Imidazohnone, wie z.B. Imazethapyr, Imazamethabenz, Imazapyr und Imazaquin, Nitrile, wie z.B. Bromoxynil, Dichlorbenil und Ioxynil, Oxacetamide, wie z.B . Mefenacet, Sulfonylharnstoffe, wie z.B. Amidosulfuron, Bensulfuron-methyl, Chlorimuron-ethyl, Chlorsulfuron, Cinosulfuron, Metsulfuron-methyl, Nicosulfuron, Primisulfuron, Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, Thifensulfuron-methyl, Triasulfuron und Tribenuron-methyl, Thiocarbamate, wie z.B. Butylate, Cycloate, Diallate, EPTC, Esprocarb, Molmate, Prosulfocarb, Thiobvencarb und Triallate, Triazine, wie z.B. Atrazin, Cyanazin, Simazm, Simetryne, Terbutryne und Terbutylazin, Triazinone, wie z.B. Hexazinon, Metamitron und Metribuzin, Sonstige, wie z.B. Aminotriazol, Benfuresate, Bentazone, Cinmethylin, Clomazone, Clopyralid,
Difenzoquat, Dithiopyr, Ethofumesate, Fluorochloride, Glufosinate, Glyphosate, Isoxaben, Pyridate, Quinchlorac, Quinmerac, Sulphosate und Tridiphane.
Die erfindungsgemaßen Systeme enthalten 0, 1 bis 30 Gew .-% Wirkstoff, bevorzugt 1 bis 20 Gew.-% Wirkstoff und besonders bevorzugt 5 bis 20 Gew -% Wirkstoff.
Zusatzlich zum Trägerpolymer können sie noch weitere übliche Zusatzstoffe enthalten.
Solche Zusatzstoffe sind Füllstoffe wie z.B. Kochsalz, Carbonate wie Calciumcarbonat, Hydrogencarbonat, Aluminiumoxide, Kieselsäuren, Tonerden, gefälltes oder kolloidales Siliciumdioxid, Phosphate.
Weitere geeignete Zusatzstoffe sind Schmier- und Gleitmittel wie z.B. Magnesiumstearat, Stearinsäure, Talkum, Bentonite.
Als Zusatzstoffe sind die Weichmacher geeignet, die üblicherweise zum Weichmacher von festen Vinylharzen verwendet werden Geeignete Weichmacher sind beispielsweise Ester von Phosphorsaure, wie Ester von Phthalsäure, wie
Dimethylphthalat und Dioctylphthalat, und Ester von Adipinsaure, wie Diisobutyladipat Es können auch andere Ester, wie die Ester von Azelainsaure, Maleinsäure, Ricinolsaure, Myristinsaure, Palmitinsaure, Olsaure, Sebacinsaure, Stearinsaure und Trimellithsäure, sowie komplexe lineare Polyester, polymere Weichmacher und epoxydierte Sojabohnenole verwendet werden Die Menge des
Weichmachers betragt etwa bis zu 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise etwa 10 bis 30 Gew.-% der gesamten Zusammensetzung.
Weitere Zusatzstoffe sind Stabilisierungsmittel und Farbematerialien Geeignete Stabihsierungsmittel sind Antioxydationsmittel und Mittel, die die Polymere vor unerwünschtem Abbau wahrend der Bearbeitung schützen Einige Stabilisierungsmittel, wie epoxydierte Sojabohnenole, dienen außerdem als sekundäre Weichmacher Die Zusatzstoffe können in einer Konzentration bis zu etwa 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt bis zu etwa 20 Gew.-% der gesamten Zusammensetzung verwendet werden. Bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemaßen Formkorper können die verschiedenen
Bestandteile nach bekannten Mischverfahren trocken gemischt und nach bekannten Strangpreß- oder Spritzgußverfahren formgepreßt werden.
Weiterhin ist es möglich, die einzelnen Komponenten durch Lösen in einem gemeinsamen Lösemittel zu mischen und anschließend in einem geeigneten Nichtlosemittel zu fallen oder die Lösung über Eindampfextruder vom Lösemittel zu befreien Bei der Fallung wird die Lösung bevorzugt durch eine Düse in ein
Fällbad gepreßt, das entstehende koaguüerende Material als Fäden abgezogen (Naßspinnverfahren). Bevorzugt wird die Fällung mittels der bekannten Trockenund Naßspinnverfahren durchgeführt.
Die Wahl des Verarbeitungsverfahrens zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemaßen Formkörper richtet sich technisch grundsätzlich nach den Theologischen Eigenschaften des Formkörpermaterials und der Form des gewünschten Gebildes Die Verarbeitungsverfahren können nach der Verarbeitungstechnologie oder nach der Art der Formgebung eingestellt werden. Bei der Verfahrenstechnologie kann man die Verfahren nach den bei ihnen durchlaufenen Theologischen Zuständen unterteilen Danach kommen für viskose Formkörpermaterialien Gießen, Pressen, Spritzen und Auftragen und für elastoviskose Polymere Spritzgießen, Strangpressen (Extrudieren), Kalandrieren, Walzen und gegebenenfalls Kneten in Frage Nach Art der Formgebung eingeteilt, lassen sich die erfindungsgemaßen Formkorper durch Gießen, Tauchen, Pressen, Spritzgießen, Extrudieren, Kalandrieren, Prägen, Biegen, Tiefziehen, Spinnen etc. herstellen.
Diese Verarbeitungsverfahren sind bekannt und bedürfen keiner näheren Erklärung.
Die erfindungsgemaßen Systeme eignen sich zum Beispiel zur Einbringung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln wie Fungiziden oder Insektiziden in den Boden in Wurzelnahe Dort werden sie als Depotzubereitung mit kontrollierter Wirkstofffreigabe biologisch abgebaut und sind am Ende der Wirksamkeit vollständig abgebaut.
Sie werden dazu als Mehle, Staube, Granulate in die Erde eingearbeitet oder als Stabe, Kugeln, Tabletten o.a in die Erde gesteckt.
Es ist auch möglich, sie in Form von Folien, Netzen, Fliesen, Geweben, Bandern oder Stäben auszubringen Auch können diese Systeme zur Herstellung von Anzuchtgefaßen von Pflanzen wie Topfen, Wannen o a verwendet werden.
Die erfindungsgemaßen Systeme können auch zur Behandlung einzelner Pflanzen, wie z.B Baume, eingesetzt werden Sie werden dafür bevorzugt in der Form geeigneter Formkorper wie Stäben, Tabletten, Platten, Folien, Fliese, Gewebe, Streifen, Nieten, Nageln, Klammern, Stifte, Nadeln, Hohlnageln, Drahten in den Saftstrom der Pflanzen eingebracht Die Formkorper werden dazu entweder in entsprechend hergestellte Hohlräume in die Pfanze eingebracht oder einfach in das
Pflanzengewebe gedrückt, gepresst, geschlagen. Sie können auch unter sorgfältig gelöste Rinde oder Pflanzenteile geschoben werden, wobei die Rinde oder die Pflanzenteile anschließend wieder zur Abdeckung dienen.
Die erfindungsgemaßen Systeme lassen sich auch zur Herstellung transcuticulärer Mittel verwenden. Dazu werden sie in Form von Anstrichen, filmbildenden Pasten,
Filmen, Folien, Pflastern auf die Pflanzenoberfläche aufgebracht.
Beispiele für geeignete Polymere sind im folgenden gegeben:
Beispiel 1
10,77g Hydroxypropyl cellulose (MS = 0,92) werden in 300g Dioxan mit 0,2ml 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-en bei 60°C 0,5 Stunden gerührt. Zu dieser Suspension werden 37g Phthal Säureanhydrid gelöst in 50g Dioxan hinzugetropft und bei 60°C eine Stunde gerührt. Der Reaktionsansatz wird auf 80°C geheizt. Es werden 43,5g Propylenoxid zugetropft und 4 Stunden bei 80°C gerührt. Hierbei entsteht eine Lösung des Celluloseetheresters in Dioxan. Anschließend wird die Lösung in 1,51 Isopropanol eingerührt und das ausgefallene Produkt filtriert und mit Isopropanol gewaschen. Der Erweichungspunkt liegt bei 130°C. Der über
Festkörper-NMR bestimmte Substitutionsgrad beträgt 1,7 Mol Phthalsäure und 2,75 Mol Propylgruppen pro Glucoseeinheit. Im Enzymtest wird eine Glucosefreisetzung der bei 60°C vorinkubierten Probe von 85, 19 μg Glucose/ ml -h gefunden. Im Kompostiertest ist die Probe nach vier Wochen vollständig abgebaut. Beispiel 2
9,68g Hydroxyethylcellulose (MS = 0,72) werden in 300g Dimethylsulfoxid mit 0,2ml 1,8-Diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-en bei 60°C 0,5 Stunden gerührt. Zu dieser Suspension werden 37g Phthalsäureanhydrid gelöst in 50g Dimethylsulfoxid hinzugetropft und bei 60°C eine Stunde gerührt. Der Reaktionsansatz wird auf 80°C geheizt. Es werden 43,5g Propylenoxid zugetropft und 4 Stunden bei 80°C gerührt.
Hierbei entsteht eine Lösung des Celluloseetheresters in Dimethylsulfoxid. Anschließend wird die Lösung in 1,51 Isopropanol eingerührt und das ausgefallene Produkt filtriert und mit Isopropanol gewaschen. Der Schmelzpunkt liegt bei 1 10°C. Der über Festkörper-NMR bestimmte Substitutionsgrad beträgt 2,0 Mol Phthalsäure und 2,3 Mol Propylgruppen pro Glucoseeinheit. Im Enzymtest wird eine Glucosefrei Setzung der bei 60°C vorinkubierten Probe von 80, 1 μg Glucose/ ml -h gefunden. Im Kompostiertest ist die Probe nach vier Wochen vollständig abgebaut.
Beispiel 3
8, 1g Weizenstarke und 15,15g Triethylamin werden in 300g Dimethylsulfoxid bei 60°C 0,5 Stunden gerührt. Anschließend werden 37g Phthalsaureanhydrid in 50g Dimethylsulfoxid zugetropft und eine Stunde bei 60°C gerührt. Der Reaktionsansatz wird auf 80°C geheizt und 43,5g Propylenoxid zugetropft und 1 Stunde bei
80°C gerührt. Anschließend wird die Lösung in 1,51 Aceton eingerührt und das ausgefallene Produkt filtriert und mit Aceton gewaschen. Der Erweichungspunkt liegt bei 155°C. Der über Festkorper-NMR bestimmte Substitutionsgrad betragt 2,3 Mol Phthalsäure und 1,01 Mol Propylgruppen pro Glucoseeinheit. Im Enzymtest wird eine Glucosefrei Setzung der bei 60°C vorinkubierten Probe von 91,25 μg
Glucose/ ml -h gefunden Im Kompostiertest ist die Probe nach vier Wochen vollständig abgebaut.
Beispiel 4
8,1g Baumwoliinters und 15,15g Triethylamin werden in 300g Dimethylsulfoxid bei 60°C 0,5 Stunden gerührt Anschließend werden 38,5g Hexahydrophthalsaureanhydrid in 50g Dimethylsulfoxid zugetropft und 2 Stunden bei 60°C gerührt Der Reaktionsansatz wird auf 80°C geheizt und 43,5g Propylenoxid zugetropft und 1 Stunde bei 80°C gerührt. Anschließend wird die Lösung in 1,51 Isopropanol eingerührt und das ausgefallene Produkt filtriert und mit Isopropanol gewaschen. Der Schmelzpunkt liegt bei 120°C. Der über Festkorper-NMR bestimmte Substitutionsgrad betragt 3,0 Mol Hexahydrophthalsaure und 3,0 Mol Propylgruppen pro Glucoseeinheit Im Enzymtest wird eine Glucosefrei setzung der bei 60°C vorinkubierten Probe von 70,6 μg Glucose/ ml -h gefunden. Im Kompostiertest ist die Probe nach vier Wochen vollständig abgebaut. Beispiel 5
1084 g Baumwoliinters werden in 22,51 Isopropanol und 2,51 Wasser und 0,63kg NaOH-Plätzchen 90 Minuten bei 25°C alkalisiert Anschließend wird mit 101 Isopropanol/W asser (80/20) gewaschen und zentrifugiert und nochmals mit 101 Isopropanol aufgerührt und zentrifugiert Die so hergestellte Alkalicellulose besitzt einen Alkaligehalt von 6,8%.
Zu 130,1g der so gewonnenen Alkalicellulose werden im Rührautoklaven 49g Ethylenoxid unter Stickstoffatmosphäre zudosiert und 1,5 Stunden bei 50°C gerührt. Dem Reaktionsansatz werden anschließend 1000ml Dimethylacetamid und 205g Tetrahydrophthalsäure zugesetzt und der Ansatz 1,5 Stunden bei 60°C gerührt. Der Reaktionsansatz wird auf 80°C geheizt und 215g Propylenoxid zugetropft und 1 Stunde bei 80°C gerührt. Anschließend wird die Lösung in 101 Isopropanol eingerührt und das ausgefallene Produkt filtriert und mit Isopropanol gewaschen. Der Erweichungspunkt liegt bei 160°C. Der über Festkörper-NMR bestimmte Substitutionsgrad beträgt 2,2 Mol Tetrahydrophthalsäure und 1,8 Mol Propylgruppen pro Glucoseeinheit. Im Enzymtest wird eine Glucosefrei Setzung der bei 60°C vorinkubierten Probe von 68,83 μg Glucose/ ml-h gefunden. Im Kompostiertest ist die Probe nach vier Wochen vollständig abgebaut.
Beispiele für geeignete Polymersysteme sind im folgenden gegeben: Beispiel 6 Zur Herstellung erfindungsgemäßer wirkstoffhaltiger Formkörper wurden a) eine
Mischung aus 278 Gew. -Teilen Imidacloprid, 1 Gew. -Teil Tebuconazol und 2 Gew. -Teilen Fällungskieselsäure und b) 719 Gew. -Teile eines Celiulosehydroxypropylphthalats mit einem mittleren Substitutionsgrad MS (durchschnittliche Anzahl gepfropfter Monom ere pro Glucoseeinheit) von 2,36 und einem durchschnittlichen Substitutionsgrad DS (durchschnittliche Anzahl der derivatisierten
OH-Gruppen pro Glucoseeinheit) von 1,80 über Differentialwaagen getrennt in einen Zweiwellenextruder dosiert. Weiterhin wurde c) 100 Gew. -Teile des Weichmachers Triethylenglykol über eine Pumpe in die Schnecke dosiert.
Die Komponenten wurden im Extruder innerhalb von 4 Minuten bei 140°C bis 150°C homogenisiert und die Schmelze bei einem Durchsatz von 3,8 kg/h extrudiert, mit Luft gekühlt und granuliert.
Nach der Granulierung wird die wirkstoffhaltige Formmasse mit Hilfe einer Spritzgußmaschine bei 160°C zu Stäben, Stiften, Streifen und Platten verformt.
Beispiel 7
In der in Beispiel 6 beschriebenen Weise wurden a) eine Mischung aus 294 Gew.- Teilen Imidacloprid, 1 Gew -Teil Tebuconazol und 2 Gew -Teilen Fallungskieselsaure und b) 703 Gew -Teile eines Cellulosehydroxypropylphthalats (MS = 2,36 und DS = 1,80) mit c) 100 Gew -Teilen des Weichmachers Milchsaureethylester bei 140°C bis 160°C extrudiert und anschließend zu Forinkorpern abespritzt.
Beispiel 8
In der in Beispiel 6 beschriebenen Weise wurden a) eine Mischung aus 250 Gew.- Teilen Fenamiphos (Nemacur) und 2 Gew.-Teilen Fallungskieselsaure und b) 748 Gew.-Teile eines Cellulosehydroxypropylphthalats (MS = 2,36 und
DS = 1,80) bei 140°C extrudiert und zu Formkorpern abgespritzt.
Beispiel 9
Eine Mischung aus 294 Gew -Teilen Imidacloprid, 1 Gew.-Teil Tebuconazol und 2 Gew.-Teilen Fallungskieselsaure mit 703 Gew -Teile eines Cellulosehydroxy-propylphthalats (MS = 1,80 und DS = 1,60) und mit 100 Gew.-Teilen des
Weichmachers Milchsaureethylester in der in Beispiel 6 beschriebenen Weise extrudiert.
Der Schmelzestrang wurde mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 35 m/min abgezogen, so daß ein Kabel mit ca. 1 mm Durchmesser entstand, und nach der Kühlung mit Luft auf eine Spule aufgewickelt. Durch anschließendes Zerschneiden des Kabels wurden Stifte mit 2 cm Lange hergestellt.
Beispiel 10
Nach der in Beispiel 9 beschriebenen Verfahrensweise wurde eine Mischung aus 250 Gew.-Teilen Fenamiphos (Nemacur) und 2 Gew.-Teilen Fallungskieselsaure mit 748 Gew.-Teilen eines Cellulosehydroxypropylphthalats (MS = 1,80 und DS =
1,60) bei 140°C zu einem Formstrang verarbeitet.
Beispiel 11
Eine Mischung aus 278 Gew.-Teilen Imidacloprid, 1 Gew.-Teil Tebuconazol und 2 Gew.-Teilen Fällungskieselsäure mit 719 Gew.-Teile des polymeren Träger-materials eines Cellulosehydroxypropylphthalats (MS = 2,36 und DS = 1,80) und mit 100 Gew.-Teilen des Weichmachers Triethylenglykol in der in Beispiel 6 beschriebenen Weise im Extruder aufgeschmolzen und gemischt.
Die Schmelze wurde bei 155°C durch eine 75 mm breite Schlitzdüse mit 0,5 mm Spalthöhe gepreßt, durch Anblasung mit Luft gekühlt und mittels eines Teflonförderbands mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 5/min abgezogen. Auf diese Weise wurden Folien mit einer Dicke von ca. 50 μm erhalten.
Beispiel 12
59,8 g (74,8 Gew.-Teile) eines Cellulosehydroxypropylphthalats (MS = 1,80 und DS = 1,60) wurden in einem Kneter, Typ Haake Rheomix, bei 140°C und 50 μm aufgeschmolzen und anschließend eine Mischung aus 20 g (25 Gew.-Teile) Fenamiphos (Nemacur) und 0,16 g (0,2 Gew.-Teile) Fällungskieselsäure zugefügt.
Zur Homogenisierung wurde nach der Wirkst off zugäbe weitere 5 Minuten bei 1 10°C geknetet.
Die erhaltene wirkstoffhaltige Masse wurde in einer Presse bei 200 bar Druck und 120°C zu Platten mit 10 cm2 Fläche und 2 mm Dicke verformt.
Claims
1 Systeme bestehend aus Polysaccharidetherestern und agrochemischen Wirkstoffen, die gegebenenfalls übliche Zusatzstoffe enthalten .
2 Systeme gemäß Anspruch 1, die als Polysaccharidetherester solche der folgenden allgemeinen Struktur enthalten:
Polysaccharid-O-R wobei
Polysaccharid-O die substituierten OH-Gruppen einer polymeren Saccharideinheit darstellen und R entweder ein mono- und/oder polymerer Substituent der Struktur X ist:
X = -A-B-A'- in der A und A eine lineare Polyetherkette folgender Struktur sind:
A = (-D-O)n und A' = (-D-O)mH in der D eine lineare aliphatische oder aromatische verzweigte oder unverzweigte Kette mit 2 bis 11 C-Atomen bedeutet und n eine ganze Zahl gleich oder großer als 0 ist, m eine ganze Zahl gleich oder großer als 1 ist, und B eine Dicarbonsaure folgender Struktur ist: in der E ein aromatisches oder aliphatisches Kohlenstoffgerust das gegebenenfalls mit weiteren Substituenten versehen sein kann ist, wobei das Verhältnis von A zu B gleich oder großer 0,1 ist, oder R ist entsprechend dem Substitutionsgrad pro Saccharideinheit mit X gleich H (Wasserstoff) und/oder Alkyl mit 1 bis 4, vorzugsweise 1 bis 2 C-Atomen.
3. Systeme gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als agrochemische Wirkstoffe Agonisten oder Antagonisten der nicotinergen Acetylcholinrezeptoren von Insekten enthalten.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung der Systeme gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Polysaccharidetherester mit agrochemischen Wirkstoffen und gegebenenfalls Zusatzstoffen unter Erwärmung mischt, knetet oder extrudiert bis eine homogene Mischung entstanden ist oder dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die agrochemischen Wirkstoffe gegebenenfalls in Form einer Lösung während der Synthese der Polysaccharidetherester zusetzt.
5. Verwendung von Systemen gemäß Anspruch 1 zur Behandlung von Pflanzen und/oder ihrem Lebensraum gegen Pflanzenschädlinge, pflanzenschädigende Pilze oder gegen unerwünschten Pflanzenbewuchs.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19542500 | 1995-11-15 | ||
| DE19542500A DE19542500A1 (de) | 1995-11-15 | 1995-11-15 | Wirkstofffreisetzende Polysaccharidetherester |
| PCT/EP1996/004823 WO1997017847A1 (de) | 1995-11-15 | 1996-11-05 | Wirkstofffreisetzende polysaccharidetherester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0861024A1 true EP0861024A1 (de) | 1998-09-02 |
Family
ID=7777476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96938092A Withdrawn EP0861024A1 (de) | 1995-11-15 | 1996-11-05 | Wirkstofffreisetzende polysaccharidetherester |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0861024A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2000500148A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU7565296A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19542500A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1997017847A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA969562B (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19734665A1 (de) | 1997-08-11 | 1999-02-18 | Bayer Ag | Mittel gegen holzzerstörende Insekten |
| AU2004200975B2 (en) * | 1997-08-11 | 2007-04-19 | Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh | Compositions against wood-destroying insects |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3824085A (en) * | 1972-02-01 | 1974-07-16 | Anheuser Busch | Esters of polymeric hydroxypropyl carbohydrates and method of using same as gelling agent for organic solvents |
| US3940384A (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1976-02-24 | Anheuser-Busch, Incorporated | Methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose acetate and process |
| ZA907289B (en) * | 1989-09-15 | 1991-06-26 | Goodman Fielder Wattie Austral | Biodegradable controlled release matrices |
| JP3162450B2 (ja) * | 1991-04-27 | 2001-04-25 | 日本バイエルアグロケム株式会社 | 工芸素材類を害虫より保護するための害虫防除剤 |
| DE4404840A1 (de) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-17 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Thermoplastische biologisch abbaubare Polysaccharidderivate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
-
1995
- 1995-11-15 DE DE19542500A patent/DE19542500A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-11-05 EP EP96938092A patent/EP0861024A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-11-05 AU AU75652/96A patent/AU7565296A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-11-05 WO PCT/EP1996/004823 patent/WO1997017847A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1996-11-05 JP JP9518549A patent/JP2000500148A/ja active Pending
- 1996-11-14 ZA ZA969562A patent/ZA969562B/xx unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9717847A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2000500148A (ja) | 2000-01-11 |
| DE19542500A1 (de) | 1997-05-22 |
| AU7565296A (en) | 1997-06-05 |
| ZA969562B (en) | 1997-06-25 |
| WO1997017847A1 (de) | 1997-05-22 |
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