EP0860043B1 - Procede de depot et production d'electrode pour bougies de moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Procede de depot et production d'electrode pour bougies de moteurs a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0860043B1
EP0860043B1 EP97936587A EP97936587A EP0860043B1 EP 0860043 B1 EP0860043 B1 EP 0860043B1 EP 97936587 A EP97936587 A EP 97936587A EP 97936587 A EP97936587 A EP 97936587A EP 0860043 B1 EP0860043 B1 EP 0860043B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
wear
resistant layer
coating
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97936587A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0860043A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Niegel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0860043A1 publication Critical patent/EP0860043A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0860043B1 publication Critical patent/EP0860043B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for coating and producing an electrode for spark plugs for internal combustion engines.
  • an electrode in particular a center and / or ground electrode for igniting flammable mixtures, is already known, in which the surface acting as the spark transfer surface has an electrically conductive, particularly erosion-resistant and well-adhering first coating and a second coating, which the a low electron work function.
  • the coating takes place in the plasma spraying process.
  • Common spark plugs generally have a center electrode and a ground electrode, the tips of the two electrodes being arranged with respect to one another in such a way that a spark gap is left free. Due to the constant generation of sparks between the two electrodes, the tips are subject to considerable wear. This problem places high demands on the temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal expansion characteristics of the electrode tip. Spark erosion and oxidation phenomena also lead to considerable stresses.
  • a method for coating the electrode tips with corrosion-resistant materials is known from DE 40 39 778. According to this publication, electrode base bodies or even only the electrode tips are provided with an intermetallic phase. This manufacture of intermetallic Phase can be complex for production. In addition, the intermetallic phases show a very brittle behavior. In the case of alloying intermetallic phases, the corrosion and oxidation resistance is significantly reduced.
  • the inventive method for coating and the inventive method for producing an electrode for spark plugs for internal combustion engines with the features of the independent claims has the advantage that the wear protection layer is applied by means of laser powder coating, its use in production is considerably easier and the combination of chemically different materials little mutual mixing allowed.
  • Laser powder coating also sometimes referred to as laser spraying
  • the laser coating process has the advantage that it can be used to apply strictly limited and precise coatings.
  • Partial areas of the electrodes are coated, such as electrode tips, electrode jacket areas, electrode areas with notches or conical recesses.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic production process for producing an electrode for spark plugs with a corrosion-resistant coating
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show two examples of coated electrode bodies.
  • the invention uses a modern coating method for the production of wear protection layers such. B. for spark plug electrodes.
  • Thermal spraying as a modern surface technology offers a wide range of applications. In this way, components made of a wide variety of basic materials made of metal, with layers of refractory metals, oxides and metal ceramics can be provided for protection against wear and corrosion. Almost all coating materials that can be produced in powder form can be processed.
  • the Spray additive is fed to a high-energy heat source and melted. The molten particles of the coating material are accelerated in the direction of a substrate and usually hit at high speed to form a layer. The substrate is usually subject to only a slight thermal load during the process.
  • the spray jet is spatially limited in all processes, but there are considerable spray losses.
  • Laser spraying in which the coating material is slowly blown into the focus area of a laser beam using a carrier gas. At the same time, the substrate is melted by the laser beam, so that a connection is created between the substrate and the coating material in the melt.
  • Laser spraying is characterized by the fact that it is a real one-step process. Previously, a workpiece surface was first coated and then treated in a second step with the help of a laser beam. This procedure combines both steps. Laser spraying is mostly used with CO 2 lasers with a net output of a few kilowatts.
  • Thermally sprayed layers are characterized by layer thicknesses in the range from 100 ⁇ m to a few mm, whereby the binding mechanism is based either on mechanical clamping, adhesion, diffusion, chemical bonding or electrostatic forces.
  • electrodes made of various basic materials can be provided with wear protection layers made of refractory metals, alloys, metal ceramics and other compounds (silicides, oxides, aluminides, borides, nitrides, carbides) against spark erosion wear and corrosion wear. This is particularly the copper, which is otherwise difficult to coat, which is the good heat conductor of the core of an electrode Composite material forms easily coatable by means of laser powder coating.
  • the alloys NiCr 31 Al 11 Y 0.5 and RuAl 11 have proven particularly suitable for the coating and particularly wear-resistant. After thermal shock testing and runtime investigations, these materials show a significantly improved stability compared to previously used wear protection layers.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic manufacturing process for the manufacture of spark plug electrodes from a composite wire.
  • station S1 the nickel-coated copper wire, the starting material for the electrodes, is pulled off a roll and calibrated.
  • Station S2 produces the dimensionally accurate wire sections 1 which are upset in station S3 in order to produce the electrode seat 8.
  • station S4 the wear-resistant layer is applied with a laser after the basic electrode body has been assembled.
  • the electrode, which is now fully coated, is post-treated and burrs z. B. removed by grinding. The electrode is installed in the ceramic body after its completion.
  • FIG. 2 shows a center electrode 1 which was coated by the method according to the invention from FIG. 1. It can be seen that even thin layers can be applied very precisely with this method. The geometry of the workpieces is also irrelevant.
  • the coating takes place before the electrode is installed in the ceramic body. At the transition point 5 between the jacket coating 4 and the electrode body 1, there are well-separated phases between the electrode body and the coating, which for example have a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • the electrode base body must be configured for the coating in the area of the coating.
  • the nickel-coated copper wire is reduced to a reduced or non-cutting Brought diameter. Care must be taken to ensure that the copper core is not exposed, otherwise there will be signs of corrosion.
  • a thermal process with strong beam bundling must be used, ie laser or electron beam pointed process. A plasma jet would result in a too wide thermal range.
  • the counter electrode 3, which is installed in the candle housing 2 can also be provided with a coating, which in this example is applied in a conical depression 7.
  • the coating can be carried out after the electrode is installed in the housing, if a laser spraying process is used.
  • other electrodes can also be provided with wear protection layers.
  • the coating of almost any geometric shape is possible. End or outer surface coatings of extruded middle electrodes, coatings of profile wires for ground electrodes, or coatings of electrode blanks or boards can be carried out.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de revêtement d'une électrode (1, 3) pour des bougies d'allumage de moteurs à combustion interne, avec application d'une couche anti-usure (4) sur l'électrode (1, 3),
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour le revêtement de l'électrode (1, 3) on utilise comme source thermique un laser et on applique la couche anti-usure (4) en utilisant un matériau de revêtement à l'état de poudre appliqué par revêtement au laser ou cours d'une seule opération.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche anti-usure (4) est formée de métaux ou d'alliages de métaux, de préférence d'alliage de nickel ou de combinaisons de métaux nobles.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on réalise la couche anti-usure (4) en céramique métallique.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on réalise la couche anti-usure (4) avec des combinaisons de métaux.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on munit la surface frontale (6) et/ou la surface enveloppe au niveau de la pointe de l'électrode centrale (1) d'une couche anti-usure (4).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on munit une surface à congé (7) au niveau de la pointe et/ou de la surface frontale d'une électrode de masse (3) avec une couche anti-usure (4).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on munit d'une couche anti-usure (4) une surface (7) en creux de forme conique réalisée à la pointe de l'électrode de masse (3).
  8. Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode (1, 3) pour des bougies d'allumage de moteurs à combustion interne comportant une couche anti-usure (4) appliquée sur l'électrode (1, 3) et comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) on effectue le calibrage (S1) du fil de base servant de première pour les électrodes (1, 3),
    b) on coupe (S2) des segments de dimensions précises,
    c) on comprime (S3) la pointe de l'électrode et on confectionne la surface à revêtir,
    d) on applique (S4) la couche anti-usure (4) par revêtement de poudre au laser,
    e) on effectue le traitement de finition (S5).
EP97936587A 1996-08-08 1997-08-02 Procede de depot et production d'electrode pour bougies de moteurs a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0860043B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19631985 1996-08-08
DE19631985A DE19631985A1 (de) 1996-08-08 1996-08-08 Elektrode mit verschleißfester Beschichtung, Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
PCT/DE1997/001637 WO1998007220A1 (fr) 1996-08-08 1997-08-02 Electrode pour bougies de moteurs a combustion interne, et son procede de production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0860043A1 EP0860043A1 (fr) 1998-08-26
EP0860043B1 true EP0860043B1 (fr) 2003-01-29

Family

ID=7802101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97936587A Expired - Lifetime EP0860043B1 (fr) 1996-08-08 1997-08-02 Procede de depot et production d'electrode pour bougies de moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0860043B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11514145A (fr)
CN (1) CN1198848A (fr)
BR (1) BR9706642A (fr)
DE (2) DE19631985A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUP9901495A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998007220A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19939319B4 (de) * 1999-07-29 2004-05-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE10120563A1 (de) * 2001-04-03 2002-11-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement und Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
JP4069826B2 (ja) * 2003-07-30 2008-04-02 株式会社デンソー スパークプラグおよびその製造方法
DE10348778B3 (de) * 2003-10-21 2005-07-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrode für eine Zündkerze und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Elektrode
DE102004023459A1 (de) * 2004-05-12 2005-12-15 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Zündkerze
DE102005018674A1 (de) * 2005-04-21 2006-10-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrode für eine Zündkerze
CN101064414B (zh) * 2006-04-28 2010-11-03 柳孟柱 一种汽车火花塞的复合中心电极及其制备工艺
DE102010004345B4 (de) 2010-01-11 2018-02-22 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Elektrode zur Flammenüberwachung an einem Heizungsbrenner
US9306374B2 (en) 2012-08-09 2016-04-05 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
DE102015115746B4 (de) 2015-09-17 2017-04-27 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Zündelektrode für Zündkerzen und damit hergestellte Zündkerze
US11870222B2 (en) 2021-05-04 2024-01-09 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same
DE102023107904A1 (de) 2022-03-29 2023-10-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze, zündkerzenelektrode und verfahren zur herstellung derselben
US11837852B1 (en) 2022-07-27 2023-12-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode with electrode tip directly thermally coupled to heat dissipating core and method of manufacturing the same

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE686426C (de) * 1938-02-12 1940-01-10 Wippermann Jr Akt Ges Verfahren zur Herstellung eines abbrandfesten Schutzueberzuges auf Zuendkerzenelektroden
US3947654A (en) * 1973-10-24 1976-03-30 Sirius Corporation Method of generating laser-radio beam
DE3612135A1 (de) * 1986-04-10 1987-10-15 Kuno Dr Ing Kirner Elektrode zum zuenden brennbarer gemische von gasen und daempfen
DE4039778C1 (fr) * 1990-12-13 1992-05-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De
JPH05234662A (ja) * 1991-12-27 1993-09-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd スパークプラグ用電極およびその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUP9901495A2 (hu) 1999-09-28
CN1198848A (zh) 1998-11-11
WO1998007220A1 (fr) 1998-02-19
EP0860043A1 (fr) 1998-08-26
DE59709228D1 (de) 2003-03-06
BR9706642A (pt) 1999-01-12
DE19631985A1 (de) 1998-02-19
HUP9901495A3 (en) 2000-03-28
JPH11514145A (ja) 1999-11-30

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