EP0851065B1 - Building set for the construction of dry walls, retaining wall, and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

The set comprises two or more basic bricks, each with front, rear and two transverse faces, and two connecting bricks (20,23) joining them together. These bear against each other and against the transverse faces of the basic bricks. In plan view, the connecting bricks are trapezoid, their bases (21) bearing against transverse faces on the basic bricks, while their inclined faces (26) bear against each other. Mating faces of connecting bricks can contain tongues and grooves (24,25), and the connecting bricks can fit positively against the basic ones, their joint faces being correspondingly curved, with those of the connecting bricks concave.

Description

The present invention relates to a construction kit of dry stone walls, embankment walls and the like With the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Kits for erecting dry stone walls, embankment walls etc.. are known. With such kits, the Bricks to create a wall with or without mortar together be joined. The stones are usually inside hollow and can with insulation material or else be filled with concrete to make it stable Maintain wall.

A brick building kit is known from WO 94/00648, which of at least three, to be arranged linearly to one another There are bricks. In a given grid dimension are a cornerstone and corresponding 3/4 and 1/4 end stones intended. All stones contain at least one side recesses or approaches to a positive Connection, if necessary by means of an additional connecting stone, to enable.

For the production of angled masonry is a so-called Articulated stone provided, one end portion is approximately circular in horizontal section, while the other end section has a corresponding curved one has a concave recess. By putting together Stones, the curved end portion of a stone engages in the curved recess of the other stone, the stones can be at almost any angle to each other be arranged so that this is both rectilinear Have walls and angled walls created. However, this known kit is quite complicated trained and has a variety of building block types.

A kit with the features of the preamble of the claim 1 is known from EP-A-0606633. The one from this Publication known kit has flat connecting surfaces between the stones.

The invention has for its object a kit for Creation of dry stone walls, embankment walls u. The like specified type to create, with a particular good gearing effect with a minimum of different Building block types straight and angled walls let create.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a kit specified type by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

1. Die Steine werden so aneinandergelegt bzw. -gesetzt, daß sich im Horizontalschnitt insgesamt ein Rechteck bzw. Quadrat ergibt. Hierbei kommt eine kurze Seite des einen Trapezes neben einer langen Seite des anderen Trapezes zu liegen. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung lassen sich geradlinige Mauern erstellen;

2. bei dieser Ausführungsform werden die Verbindungssteine so aneinandergelegt bzw. -gesetzt, daß im Horizontalschnitt die kurze Seite des einen Trapezes neben der kurzen Seite des anderen Trapezes zu liegen kommt. Hierdurch entsteht zwischen den beiden kurzen Trapezseiten bzw. den gegenüberliegenden parallelen längeren Trapezseiten ein Winkel, so daß sich mit dieser Ausführungsform abgewinkelte Mauern erstellen lassen; und

3. diese Ausführungsform entspricht im wesentlichen der unter 2. beschriebenen Ausführungsform, wobei hier lediglich die beiden aneinanderliegenden kurzen Trapezseiten die Lage der beiden aneinanderliegenden längeren Trapezseiten einnehmen, so daß sich eine Mauer erstellen läßt, die in der entgegengesetzten Richtung abgewinkelt ist.

In the solution according to the invention, basically only two types of building blocks are required, namely a base stone and a connecting stone. The connecting stone is trapezoidal in horizontal section. There are always two connecting stones between two base stones, whereby these are placed together with their trapezoidal beveled sides, while the other connecting sides are placed on the transverse surfaces of the base stones. There are three options for assembling the two connecting stones, always placing the two trapezoidal sloping sides of the stones together:

1. The stones are placed or put together so that there is a total of a rectangle or square in the horizontal section. Here, a short side of one trapezoid comes to lie next to a long side of the other trapezoid. With this design, straight walls can be created;

2. In this embodiment, the connecting stones are put together so that the short side of one trapezoid comes to lie next to the short side of the other trapezoid in horizontal section. This creates an angle between the two short trapezoidal sides or the opposite parallel longer trapezoidal sides, so that angled walls can be created with this embodiment; and

3. This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment described under 2., here only the two adjacent short trapezoidal sides occupy the position of the two adjacent longer trapezoidal sides, so that a wall can be created that is angled in the opposite direction.

The connecting stones are with their corresponding to the trapezoidal bevel side Connection sides put together or put together. These areas are flat. In a preferred one Embodiment of the invention has a connecting stone a groove in the middle of the trapezoidal bevel and the other connecting stone in the middle of the trapezoidal bevel a feather on. This creates a gear effect reached between the two connecting stones, so that slipping of the stones relative to each other along prevents the connection sides corresponding to the trapezoidal bevel sides becomes. The fact that tongue and groove are arranged centrally are, the stones in the above described three positions placed next to each other become. The tongue and groove are preferably rounded educated.

According to a further feature of the invention the transverse surfaces of the base stones are curved trained, and have the corresponding contact surfaces of the Connecting stones a complementary curvature. The transverse surfaces of the base stones are here convexly curved outwards, while the contact surfaces of the Connecting stones for the transverse surfaces of the base stones concave are curved inwards.

In other words, the term used here "Trapezoidal" to explain the shape of the connecting stones includes the feature of the invention that the corresponding contact surface of the connecting stone for the Transverse surface of the base stone has a curved shape. This curved shape creates a gear effect achieved with the base stones, so that a separate tongue and groove connection omitted, but may also be present.

In a further development of the invention, the base stones are in horizontal section formed essentially circular. In other words, this is not just the two transverse surfaces of the base stone is convexly curved outwards, but also the front surface of the same. It follows an essentially round base stone. With a special Embodiment is the back surface of the base stones flat educated.

If with the kit according to the invention a free-standing Wall to be built, therefore, you have in this embodiment on the one hand a round and on the other hand one flat face of the base stones. Should be a bank wall can be erected, whether a round or a flat visible surface of the base stones is desired because the other side is covered with soil.

According to another feature of the invention the base stones at the transitions of the transverse surfaces with the Front surface and the rear surface protruding to the side. The purpose of these lugs is to interlock the gearing effect the base stones and the connecting stones improve, because the connecting stones in the area be placed between the noses. Prevent the noses thus a forward or backward movement of the connecting stones along the transverse faces of the base stones. About that in addition, these noses cover the one between the base stone and adjacent joint formed joint. The noses are preferably rounded and go continuously in the front or rear surface and the transverse surfaces about.

To improve the gearing effect between the connecting blocks and the base stones have the connecting stones on their corresponding to the trapezoid base sides Corners indentations on the noses of the base stones can be created.

The base stones and / or connecting stones are preferred hollow. The stones can therefore be used Fill in insulation material. You can also use Concrete can be filled in at several superimposed Stones the bond and stability improve. Also the inside of the stones can be covered with soil be filled in to let plants grow therein.

An embodiment of the invention draws is characterized in that the front of the base stones opposite the rest of the stone is raised. This Embodiment applies when the base stone used as a slope or slope protection module shall be. The inside of the stone can be planted become. The stone can be the top cap stone of a wall form, or more stones can be moved backwards on it be arranged, with the raised front forms a stop for the front of the other stones. The increase expediently has a rear contact surface against which the front of other base stones can be created. For example the flat front of a laterally protruding one The nose of another stone can be put on, with the embodiment in which the front of the base stone is curved, a particularly good positive Compound results because there is a curved one Area of the front of the back stone with the corresponding curvature of the back of a nose of a front Steines comes into contact.

Figur 1

eine Vorderansicht des Basissteines des erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Bausatzes;

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf den Easisstein der Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine räumliche Ansicht dieses Basissteines;

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht dieses Basissteines;

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Basissteines des erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Bausatzes;

Figur 6

eine räumliche Ansicht des Basissteines der Figur 5;

Figur 7

eine Seitenansicht des Basissteines der Figuren 5 und 6;

Figur 8

eine Seitenansicht eines Verbindungssteines des erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Bausatzes;

Figur 9

eine Vorderansicht von zwei aneinandergesetzten Verbindungssteinen;

Figur 10

eine Draufsicht auf zwei aneinandergesetzte Verbindungssteine;

Figur 11

eine Draufsicht auf zwei anders aneinandergesetzte Verbindungssteine;

Figur 12

eine Draufsicht auf noch zwei anders aneinandergesetzte Verbindungssteine;

Figur 13

eine Draufsicht auf eine aus dem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Bausatz aufgebaute Mauer;

Figur 14

eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Mauer;

Figur 15

eine Draufsicht auf eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Mauer;

Figur 16

eine räumliche Ansicht der Mauer der Figur 13;

Figur 17

eine räumliche Ansicht der Mauer der Figur 14;

Figur 18

eine räumliche Ansicht der Mauer der Figur 15;

Figur 19

eine Vorderansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Mauer;

Figur 20

eine räumliche Ansicht der Mauer der Figur 19; und

Figur 21

eine weitere räumliche Ansicht der Mauer der Figuren 19 und 20.

The invention is explained in detail below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1

a front view of the base stone of the kit designed according to the invention;

Figure 2

a plan view of the Easisstein of Figure 1;

Figure 3

a spatial view of this base stone;

Figure 4

a side view of this base stone;

Figure 5

a plan view of a second embodiment of a base stone of the kit designed according to the invention;

Figure 6

a spatial view of the base stone of Figure 5;

Figure 7

a side view of the base stone of Figures 5 and 6;

Figure 8

a side view of a connecting block of the kit designed according to the invention;

Figure 9

a front view of two juxtaposed connecting blocks;

Figure 10

a plan view of two interconnected connecting blocks;

Figure 11

a plan view of two differently placed connecting blocks;

Figure 12

a plan view of two different connecting blocks;

Figure 13

a plan view of a wall constructed from the kit constructed according to the invention;

Figure 14

a plan view of a further embodiment of a wall;

Figure 15

a plan view of a third embodiment of a wall;

Figure 16

a spatial view of the wall of Figure 13;

Figure 17

a spatial view of the wall of Figure 14;

Figure 18

a spatial view of the wall of Figure 15;

Figure 19

a front view of another embodiment of a wall;

Figure 20

a spatial view of the wall of Figure 19; and

Figure 21

another spatial view of the wall of Figures 19 and 20.

Figures 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a Base stone 1 for a kit designed according to the invention. The base stone is approximately part-circular in horizontal section trained and has a flat rear wall 7th It is hollow inside and down and up open towards. The curved front wall 2 goes into two curved ones Cross walls 8 over that in the flat back wall mentioned 7 mouth.

At the transition points between the front wall 2 and the Cross walls 8 and the rear wall 7 and the transverse walls 8 extend nose-shaped projections 3 laterally Outside. These projections 3 run over the entire height of the stone and have a flat front 9, the runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 11 of the stone. Furthermore are the nose-shaped projections 3 rounded and go continuously into the curved transverse walls 8.

The stone is roughly in the area of the top Transition point between front wall and transverse wall with one provided parallel to the longitudinal axis 11 groove 5, the for putting on a clip or a band for transport purposes serves. A groove 6, which is also parallel to Stone longitudinal axis 11 runs and on the top of the transverse walls 8 is provided in the middle, can serve as a root guidance system serve if the base stone is to be planted.

Figures 5 to 7 show a further embodiment of a base stone. This base stone is different compared to the basic stone 1 described above only by the characteristic that he is one against the rest Part of the stone has raised front wall 2. This increased Part is shown at 12 in Figures 6 and 7. The elevated part 12 goes under a vertical paragraph Formation of a contact surface 4 in the transverse walls 8. The The task of the contact surface 4 is explained below.

Finally, both embodiments have base stones still the feature of a bevel 10 in the lower area the front wall. This bevel 10 can for example serve to support filled soil.

Figures 8 to 12 show embodiments of two connecting blocks 20 and 23 in the case of the The kit creates the connection between two base stones. One can see in the top view shown in FIG two juxtaposed connecting blocks 20, 23, which are identical are formed, apart from the fact that the connecting stone 20 a rounded spring 24 and the connecting stone 23 has a round groove 25 into which the tongue 24 engages. The connecting block 23 is opposite Stone 20 rotated 180 ° in the leaf plane.

Both stones are roughly trapezoidal in horizontal section, the one trapezoidal connection side of a concave arched inwards Surface 21 corresponds to others, while the trapezoidal bevel side Trapezoidal connection side corresponds to an inclined surface 26 which, apart from the groove and spring, is just formed. At the corners of the base surface 21 there are recesses 22 of curved shape.

Figures 10 to 12 show three options, such as two connecting blocks 20 and 23 are put together can. 10 are the Stones put together so that each has a short trapezoidal side hits a longer trapezoidal side. It follows a total of about one rectangle.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 11 and 12 each encounter two short trapezoidal sides and two longer trapezoidal sides to each other, the two short trapezoidal sides in FIG are arranged on the left while they are up in Figure 12 are on the right side of the drawing. Both stones therefore form in the embodiments of the figures 11 and 12 with each other an angle. In Figure 11 results a bend in the figure to the left while there is a bend in the figure to the right in FIG results.

In order to obtain the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the stone 23 becomes 180 ° from the position of FIG rotated perpendicular to the sheet plane. To that shown in Figure 12 To obtain embodiment, the stone 20 is made 10 rotated 180 ° perpendicular to the plane of the page. In all three cases, the stones are over the Sloping surface 26 to each other.

Figures 13 to 15 show three embodiments of one from the kit in question created wall in the Top view, while Figures 17-18 in these walls show spatial view. The walls are different Put the connecting blocks 20 and 23 according to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 created. In the case of the wall in FIG Connecting blocks 20 and 23 according to the embodiment of FIG Figure 10 put together so that this is a straight Wall results. Are between two base stones 1 two connecting blocks 20, 23 each.

In the embodiment of FIG. 14, the connecting stones are 20, 23 put together according to the embodiment of FIG. 12, so that one is angled to the right in the figure or curved wall. Finally are the connecting blocks 20, 23 on the wall of FIG. 15 according to the embodiment of Figure 11, so that an angled or curved to the left in the figure Wall results. It can be seen that due to the relative shallow angle that the stacked connecting stones form together, the impression of a continuous Curvature arises.

The spatial views of Figures 16 to 18 show that the connecting blocks 20, 23 offset in height to the Base stones are arranged. This may be the case no continuous horizontal joints to form. To one To achieve such an offset can, for example, under the connecting stones are filled in soil.

It can also be seen that the connecting blocks 20, 23 also are essentially hollow and only have a central connecting bridge.

Figures 19 to 21 show views of a wall in the lower part of base stones 1 and connecting stones 20, 23 is composed, while in the upper part only basic stones 1 has. The base stones 1 are here upper part set on gap.

The lower part corresponds to a wall, as shown in the figures 13 and 16 is shown. The top foundation stones of this Wall, i.e. the third base stones from below are at this embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 7, i.e. they have a raised front wall 2. This Increase is shown at 12. The raised area 12 of the Front wall forms a stop for additional patches Base stones arranged in a step-like manner, offset to the rear are. Here, the flat front surfaces 9 of the front lugs 3 of a stone against the rear Stop surfaces 4 between the front wall and the transverse wall of two neighboring stones. The curved front walls 2 nestle itself on the curved rear sides of the lugs 3, so that there is a close interlocking and the stones neither perpendicular nor parallel to its longitudinal axis 11 relative can move towards each other.

Claims (7)

1. A building set for the construction of dry walls, retaining walls and the like, comprising at least two base stones (1) having each a front surface (2), two cross surfaces (8) and a back surface (7), and two connection stones (20, 23) connecting the base stones (1) and adapted to be put against the cross surfaces (8) of the base stones (1) and against one another, wherein the connection stones (20, 23) are formed trapezoidally in a horizontal section and have two parallel base sides and two non-parallel connection sides of which one is formed as oblique side of a trapezoid which corresponds to the contact surface (26) of the connection stones (20, 23) to one another, and of which the other corresponds to the contact surface (21) to a cross surface (8) of the base stone (1),
   characterized in that
   the cross surfaces (8) of the base stones (1) are curved and the corresponding contact surface (21) of the connection stone (20, 23) has a complementary curvature and is curved concavely inwardly,
   the base stones (1) have laterally projecting lugs (3) at the transitions of the cross surfaces (8) with the front surface (2) and the back surface (7) and
   the connection stones (20, 23) have recesses (22) at their corners corresponding to the contact surface (21), said recesses being adapted to be put against the lugs (3) of the base stones (1).
2. The building set according to claim 1, characterized in that the one connection stone (23) has a groove (25) in the middle of the oblique side of the trapezoid and the other connection stone (20) has a tongue (24) in the middle of the oblique side of the trapezoid.
3. The building set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base stones (1) are substantially circularly formed in a horizontal section.
4. The building set according to claim 3, characterized in that the back surface (7) of the base stones (1) is formed plane.
5. The building set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base stones (1) and/or the connection stones (20, 23) are hollow.
6. The building set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front surface (2) of the base stones (1) is elevated with respect to the remaining part of the stone.
7. The building set according to claim 6, characterized in that the elevation has a rear contact surface (4) against which the front surface (2, 9) of the further base stones (1) can be put.

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