EP0954639B1 - Moulded brick building set - Google Patents

Abstract

The moulded brick, in its corner areas, has a gap on both sides which has at least the width (c) of a spacer (22) or of a multiple of it. Each side (15-19) of the brick near one corner has a smaller gap (2) with a prescribed width (a) up to the next spacer, and near the other corner, a larger gap (27) with a prescribed width (b) up to the next spacer. The smaller width (a) corresponds approximately to the width of a spacer, and the larger width (b) corresponds to double its width.

Description

The invention relates to a molded block kit according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Shaped stones and in particular paving stones are in various embodiments known. They are used for Design of gardens, paths and also for Fastening of accessible areas. Such paving stones can have laterally axially parallel flat side surfaces, the paving stones being laid with or without a joint can. Around the laid paving stones against the side To secure move, these are also with side Provide teeth or positive connections. The form-fitting connection can be extensive (DE 31 16 540 C2; US 34 94,266) or by means of one another interlocking gear elements take place (DE 92 01 491 U1; EP 00 60 961 B1). In the prior art mentioned the toothing or connection essentially via the entire side wall, so that joints, gaps or other Gaps between adjacent stones usually are not present. However, gearing can also by means of form-fitting interlocking spacers the side walls, such as in the DE 40 36 461 A1, DE 89 13 777 U1 or DE 37 43 035 A1 is shown. The spacers can create gaps or Joints are created between the laid paving stones, a secure wedging or interlocking between the Stones and better drainage of the installed area enable. In this context there is a clear tendency when using such stone systems recognizable that a sealing of the surfaces as possible should be avoided, d. H. Rainwater should be on if possible drain or seep away from the entire surface. This can be achieved by using spacers with gaps become.

However, the known paving stone systems have the disadvantage that that they are due to the mostly continuous toothing or interlocking surface design of the side surfaces Joint formation with the possibility of a problem-free Do not ensure drainage. If the known Only a few cobblestones on their side walls Spacers as gearing elements and joint-forming agents have, but they are not suitable in one Molded stone kit to find use. A disadvantage of the Known paving stones, it is still that the corner areas the stones of a high, possibly destructive load are exposed.

From the publication DE-U-9 208 769 is a molded block became known, which also on the side edges of the Paving stones spaced apart having. However, these spacers do not form a toothing but serve to produce an even lateral Gap.

The invention has for its object a molded block kit to propose in which the formation of uniform joints and easy water seepage within the entire surface is guaranteed, while maintaining a mutual anchoring when lateral Displacement forces. A high flexibility of Design options can be guaranteed. Furthermore it is Object of the invention, the burden of sensitive To lower the corner areas of the stones.

This task is based on a paving stone after the Preamble of claim 1 by the characterizing Features of claim 1 solved.

By the measures mentioned in the subclaims advantageous and expedient further developments and designs the invention possible.

The invention sees various shaped stones and in particular Cobblestones in the kit to be inserted into one Paving stone dressings are suitable, d. H. for inclusion in a blanket, grid-like grid. Are there lateral spacers are provided which create a joint enable and thus for easy drainage of the Serve area. The spacers are on the Side surfaces of the paving stones designed that a lateral form-fitting anchoring between each other bordering abutting surfaces is guaranteed, the Anchoring due to the arrangement of the spacers Protection of the corner areas of the stone form provides.

The invention further provides a molded block kit, which consists of different sized paving stones. Therefor the side spacers must be configured and be coordinated with one another in all stone sizes reliable lateral anchoring or toothing is guaranteed, d. H. it is supposed to be about almost everyone together bordering side surfaces a tilt-stable toothing to be guaranteed. Special gaps between the individual Spacers enable an optimal Drainage effect while protecting the installed condition or particularly stressed when laying Corner areas of the stones.

The invention is illustrated by the following Embodiment and the drawings explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Formstein-Bausatz in Draufsicht in schematischer Darstellung,

Fig. 2

die Formsteine nach Fig. 1 in Einzeldarstellung und perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 3

einen gegenüber Fig. 1 erweiterten Bausatz in Draufsicht und schematischer Darstellung und

Fig. 4

die in Fig. 3 dargestellten zusätzlichen Bauelemente in perspektivischer Ansicht.

Show it

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of a molded block kit in plan view in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2

1 in individual representation and perspective view,

Fig. 3

an expanded compared to FIG. 1 kit in plan view and schematic representation and

Fig. 4

the additional components shown in Fig. 3 in a perspective view.

Description of the embodiments:

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the shaped stone kit consists of rectangular and square individual stones 1 to 12. According to the horizontal and vertical auxiliary lines 13, 13 'shown in FIG. 1, each paving stone 1 to 12 is composed of one or more square segments 14 together with the edge length l ₁ .

1 shows a rectangular foundation stone 1, the shorter side wall 15 of which has a length l ₂ = 2 xl ₁ and the longer side wall 16 of which has a length l ₃ = 3 xl ₁ . The top view of the foundation stone 1 shown in FIG. 1 can accordingly be composed of six square segments 14.

1 further shows a 1/2 stone 2, which occupies half the area of the foundation stone 1 and is formed by an elongated cut along the horizontal auxiliary line 13 'in the foundation stone 1, halving the shorter side wall 15. The 1/2 stone 2 accordingly has the same longer side wall 16 with the length l ₃ and a shorter side wall 17 with the length l ₁ .

A further 1/3 stone 3 is assigned to the foundation stone 1, which according to the top view in FIG. 1 comprises an area of two square segments 14, with a longer side wall 15 with the length l ₂ = 2 × ₁ and the shorter side wall 17 with of length l ₁ .

Halving the 1/3 stone 3 results in a 1/6 stone 4 as a small square stone with the side length l ₁ . The associated side wall is again designated 17.

If the stone shapes 2 to 4 represent reduced embodiments of the base stone 1, this shape increases with the 1 1/2 stone 5, which is composed of nine square segments 14 in its surface and thereby receives a square contour with the side length l ₃ , Its area also results from a composition of the shaped stones 1 and 2. The side walls 16 of the 1 1/2 stone have a length l ₃ , corresponding to the longer side edge 16 of the base stone 1.

If the area of the base stone 1 is doubled, a rectangular double stone 6 with a shorter side wall 16 with the length l ₃ and the longer side wall 18 with the length l ₄ = 2 xl ₂ = 4 xl ₁ results. The double brick 6 is therefore composed of twelve square segments 14 in terms of its surface area.

An expansion of the paving stone kit according to FIG. 1 results from the illustration in FIG. 3. If the square shaped stone 5 with an edge length of the side wall 16 with l ₃ , ie the longer side wall of the base stone 1, is the normal Square stone 7 in Fig. 3 from the edge length l ₂ , ie the shorter side wall 15 of the base stone 1 is formed. Accordingly, its surface consists of four square segments 14.

If you double the square stone 7 with the edge length l ₂ , a rectangular second double stone 8 results, with the shorter side length l _{2 of} the shorter side wall 15 and the longer side length l ₄ = 2 × l _{2 of} the longer side wall 18. The longer side wall 18 corresponds to that equally long side wall 18 of the first double brick 6.

A quadrupling of the area in plan view of the small square stone 7 or a doubling of the area of the second double stone 8 leads to a large square stone or quadruple stone 9 with the side length l ₄ of 2 xl ₂ = 4 xl ₁ .

The stone shapes 1 to 9 are supplemented, as shown in FIG. 3, by the corner stone 10, which in plan view consists of two small square stones 7 with the edge length l ₂ touching in a corner 21, supplemented by a diagonal segment 20, which by a diagonally cut square stone 7 is created. The sectional diagonal 19 'with the length l ₅ = √2 xl ₂ in the square stone 7 consequently results in the diagonally running outer wall 19 or inclined surface 19 in the shaped stone 10. Accordingly, the corner stone can also consist of two square stones 7 and a diagonally cut square stone 7 as "diagonal element" 20 be composed, with corresponding additional spacers.

The paving stone system is shown in FIG. 3 further supplemented by a "diagonal stone" 11, the basically corresponds to the arrangement of the cornerstone 10, at which, however, the diagonal segment 20 is a mirror image of the Corner 21 is arranged twice so that there are two Diagonal segments 20 ', 20' 'result. For understanding the additional diagonal 19 '' in corner stone 10 indicated. Here, too, this stone 11 can be made of two Square stones 7 and two separate "diagonal elements" 20 ', Assemble 20 ''.

All shaped blocks 1 to 11 have 15 on their outer walls to 19 spacers 22 arranged identically in the basic concept on.

All spacers 22 have, as shown in FIG. 1, a trapezoidal cross section seen in plan view, with a base side 23 lying on the respective side wall and having a length l ₆ . The trapezoidal height of each spacer 22 is given by way of example h ₁ on the foundation stone 1 and essentially determines the joint width of adjacent shaped stones. Unlike illustrated in FIG. 1 for explanation, the trapezoid outer sides 24 of the spacers 22 generally touch the respective opposite side walls 15 to 19 of the adjacent stone.

The arrangement of the spacers 22 is basically as shown on the foundation stone 1 in such a way that starting from each corner 25 of the respective shaped blocks 1 to 12 in a direction of the first side wall (for example 16 in the shaped block 1) there is a small gap 26 with a width a and a large gap 27 with the width b is formed in the other direction of the other side wall (for example 15 in the case of shaped block 1) before the respective first spacer 28 or 29 follows. The distance or the gap width a is selected approximately equal to the uniform width c of the spacers 22 of the shaped blocks 1 to 11, the width c corresponding to the base length l _{6 of} the trapezoid shown.

The distance or the gap width b of the larger gap 27 is used as a double value of the gap width a d. H. b ≈ 2a ≈ 2 · c chosen. With this measure, every corner remains Molded stones at an appropriate distance free of spacers 22. There are no loads, corner pressures, d. H. no pressure on the corner areas, which leads to Avoiding damage when laying as well as Load when installed. Furthermore, the Gaps 26, 27 sufficient space for good water drainage at least in the corner area of all stones, by further Gaps in the middle of the side surfaces of the stones can be supported. A corresponding arrangement of Spacers 28, 29 in the respective corner area each have Stone 1 to 11.

If the arrangement of the spacers 28, 29 with associated gaps 26, 27 described above is reduced to the 1/6 stone 4 in FIG. 1, only one spacer remains on each side wall 17 for a stone shape with the edge length l _1. Here the spacers 28, 29 coincide in their meaning, depending on the corner from which they are viewed. The same applies to the corner areas of the short side walls 17 in the case of the shaped stones 2 and 3.

In the longer side walls 15, 16, 18 shown in FIG. 1 with the lengths l ₂ , l ₃ , l ₄ , additional spacers are provided on the side walls for producing a positive toothing between the shaped blocks. It is important that each alternatively imaginary square segment 14 with its side length l _{1 has} either a spacer 29, 29 'at a distance b from the corner 25 of the stone or a corner 30 of the respective square segment 14, and over a length c extends to this side wall section with the length l ₁ . The smaller gap with the distance a then remains at the other corner 31 of this respective segment 14. For this, z. B. referred to the stone 5. Accordingly, if there is only one spacer on a square segment 14 on its outer surface, the edge length l _{1 is} determined by the dimensions a + c + b, with a the small gap, b the large gap and c the width of the respective spacer 22, 29 '. This is shown in Fig. 1 for the foundation stone 1 on the upper longer side wall 16.

As the longer side walls l ₂ to l ₄ in FIG. 1 also show, the spacer 28 with the shorter distance a to the respective stone corner 25 is followed by a further spacer 32 in the associated square segment, which begins in corner 31 and the adjacent square segment and extends across the width c. In such a square segment 14 'with the length l ₁ , the order starting from the corner 25 of the shaped block is through the gap a plus the width c of the first spacer 28 plus the gap 33 with the width a for inserting an adjacent spacer plus the distance c of the second spacer 32 is determined.

In all side walls 15 to 18, a second spacer 32 follows in the respective square segment 14 after the first spacer 28 from the corner 25 at a distance a. The next following square segment then has only the following spacer with a length 12 of the side wall 15 29 or 29 '. This corresponds to the arrangement of the basic length l ₂ for the shaped stones 1, 2 and 3.

If the side wall lengthens according to the stone shapes 1 and 2 from the length l ₂ to the length 13, an additional square segment with the length l _{1 is} attached to the length l ₂ 'with the additional spacer 29'. If this spacer 29 'lies at a distance b from the corner region 25, then this coincides with the spacer 29.

Each opposite side of each shaped block 1 to 6 is diagonally symmetrical, ie the respective side wall 15 to 18 is again present on the opposite side, rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. As a result, the occupancy patterns of the spacers 28, 29, 32 are repeated at a distance of l ₂ , l ₂ 'plus any square segment 14 with the length l _{1 that} may still be present.

The width of the respective spacers and the gaps in between form a single or multiple of the corresponding dimensions in order to enable problem-free interlocking when pushing the stones together. In the case of stone shapes with lengths l ₃ and l ₄ , gaps are formed not only in the corner area but also in the middle area of the stone for better water drainage. This follows from the spacers 29 'which are only occasionally attached in the respective square segments.

The basic principle of the spacers accordingly shows the length section l _{2 of} the side walls 15 in the exemplary embodiments, in each of which two spacers 28, 32 are arranged in a square segment 14 'and a third spacer 29 in the subsequent segment of this side wall 15. When the stones are joined together, the two spacers 28, 32 correspond to the spacer 29 of the adjacent paving stone, ie the spacer 29 engages in the gap 33 between the spacers 28, 32 in a form-fitting manner.

If the side wall with the length l _{2 is} increased by a single or multiple of the length section l ₁ corresponding to the length dimensions l ₃ and l ₄ , the respective side wall 16, 18 is accordingly equipped with additional spacers 29 ', 32', which in turn have a grid dimension correspond to the grid lines 13. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1 on molded block 1, the longer side wall 15 with the length l _{3 is} composed of a length section l ₂ 'plus a length section l ₁ , the length section l _2' implementing the length section l _{2 of} the shorter side wall 14 means counterclockwise. The two spacers 28, 32 of the side wall 15 then become the corresponding spacers 28, 32 on l ₂ '. The side wall 16 is consequently composed of a side wall 15 of the shorter side wall of the molded block plus the side wall 17 of the molded blocks 2 to 4.

Opposite sides of all shaped stones 1 to 9 are arranged diagonally symmetrically, i.e. H. each in transferred the same sense of rotation on the stone.

In the stone shape according to the molded block 6, the longer side 17 is extended to twice l _2, so that the pattern of the three spacers 28, 32, 29 of the side wall 15 doubled. This is shown by the representation l _{2 '} . Accordingly, if the side wall 15 with the length l _{2 is placed} twice in succession, the side wall 18 with the length l ₄ results.

The arrangement of the spacers described above sets also in the additional shown in Fig. 3 Stone variants continue. Paving stones 7, 8 and 9 have the characteristic sequence of two spacers 28, 29 starting from each corner 25 that between them include one or more spacers. This is in a certain spaced apart condition in FIG. 3.

The respective inclined surfaces 19 of the shaped blocks 10, 11 also have two spacers 28 ', 29' spaced from the corner region, which are at a distance a 'or b' from the respective corner 25 '. A corresponding adjustment of the distances a ', b' and c 'takes place again. The inclined surfaces 19 of the stones 10, 11 correspond to the diagonals 19 'of the square stone 7, so that the arrangement and dimensions of the inclined surface 19 or diagonals 19' result from l ₅ = √2 x l ₂ . The dimensions of the spacers 28 ', 29', 32 'also result from this calculation rule, ie c' = cx √2, a '= ax √2 and b' = bx √2.

The individual shaped blocks are again shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 shown perspective view. Same parts are with provided with the same reference numerals. Likewise, they are Side walls 15 to 19 each with a corresponding Training of spacers shown.

According to the representation of the foundation stone 1 in FIG. 2, it has a height H. The spacers 22 extend from the bottom surface 34 to a height h ₂ , which does not extend to the upper surface 35 of the respective shaped block, but ends at a distance d below the upper surface 35. As a result, the toothed spacers are not visible when installed.

As mentioned, opposite faces of each shaped stone the same design, the arrangement of the spacers in a rotating sense of rotation, d. H. diagonally symmetrical is made.

The perspective representations of the shaped blocks 7 to 11 in Fig. 4 correspond to those of Fig. 3. The same parts again provided with the same reference numerals.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, all shaped blocks 1 to 11 can be laid in a predetermined grid system, the side walls being able to be guided in one another in a form-fitting manner. This results in a large number of possible laying patterns. The grid dimension is R = nxl ₁ + 2 x 1 / 2h with spacers lying against one another, where n = 1 to 4 and h _{1 is} the height of the spacer 22.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment described and illustrated. Rather, it also encompasses all additions and improvements in the context of property rights claims. So as indicated, individual stones can also be broken down into partial stones, such as. B. a diagonal section through the square stone 7 to obtain the diagonal elements 20, 20 ', 20'', which in turn have corresponding spacers on all sides. Due to the calculation rule l ₅ = l ₂ x √2, the corresponding dimensions on the inclined surface 19 increase.

A square supplementary stone 12 (hypotenuse stone) with the side length l ₅ = √2 xl ₂ for the lateral continuation of the inclined surfaces 19 as indicated in FIG. 3 would also be possible.

Finally, the small square stone 4 or Side surfaces 17 of the shaped blocks 2, 3 in Fig. 1 or 3, in a variant that is not protected, as shown in FIG. 2 as special surfaces 17 ' be formed by special stones 2 ', 3', 4 ', with a further spacers 36, 36 'beginning in the corner area When machine clamping, a flat or two-point contact surface to get a twist or Avoid canting.

Claims (19)

1. Moulded brick building set, in particular for insertion in a pavement, which can be laid in a surface-covering latticed grid and has spacers (22, 28, 29) on its side walls (15 to 19), at least one moulded brick (1 to 12) consisting of a multiple of a square segment (14) arranged in the grid and each lateral face of the respective square segment (14) adjoining an adjacent brick having at least one of the spacers (22, 28, 29) and the moulded brick (1 to 12) having a gap (26, 27) on either side in the region of its corners (25) with at least the width (c) of one of the spacers (22, 28, 29) or a multiple thereof, characterised in that the spacers (22, 28, 29) of adjacent moulded bricks (1 to 12) mesh and in that each side wall (15 to 19) of the moulded brick (1 to 12) has, on the one hand, a smaller gap (26) with the width a to a spacer (28) and, on the other hand a larger gap (27) with the width b to a further spacer (29) to one corner (25), the width a corresponding approximately to the single width and the width b corresponding approximately to the doubled width c of the spacer (28, 29).
2. Moulded brick building set according to claim 1, characterised in that in a moulded brick (1 to 3, 5 to 11) with more than one square segment (14) of length l₁, each segment (14) located in a corner (25) of the moulded brick has one (29) spacer (22) at its one outer side and two (28, 32) spacers (22) at the other outer side on the segment.
3. Moulded brick building set according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the outer side of a square segment (14), which is not arranged in the corner region of a moulded brick, pointing toward an adjacent brick, has at least one spacer (29') with a small gap a and a large gap b to the respective corner points (30, 31) of this square segment.
4. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the outer side of a further square segment (14), which is not arranged in the corner region of a moulded brick, pointing toward an adjacent brick, has two spacers (28', 32'), of which one adjoins this square segment in the corner region.
5. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterised in that respective opposing side walls (15 to 19) of a moulded brick (1 to 12) are designed with an identical arrangement of spacers (22), but diagonally symmetrical or located peripherally in the same direction of rotation.
6. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a rectangular foundation brick (1) is provided enclosing an area of six square segments (14) with a side length l₁ in plan view, with a side length distribution of the side walls (16, 15) of l₃ = 3 x l₁ to l₂ = 2 x l₁, the respective shorter side wall (15) having three spacers (28, 29, 32) and the respective longer side wall (16) having an additional third length portion compared with the shorter side wall (15) of length l₁ with a further spacer (29') at a distance b from the corner region (25).
7. Moulded brick building set according to claim 6, characterised in that a 1/2 brick (2) is provided, of which the respective longer side wall (16) of the foundation brick (1) corresponds to the length l₃ and of which the shorter side wall (17) corresponds to the half length l₂/2 of the shorter side wall (15) or the length l₁ of a square segment (14) of the foundation brick (1), the shorter side wall (17) having one or two spacer(s) (28, 29, 36).
8. Moulded brick building set according to either of the preceding claims 6 or 7, characterised in that a further 1/3 brick (3) is provided, of which the respective longer side wall (15) corresponds to the shorter side wall (15) of length l₂ of the foundation brick (1) and of which the respective shorter side wall (17) has a spacer (22) at a distance a and b from the respective remote spacer (22).
9. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 3, 4 or 5, characterised in that a first small square brick (4) is provided, of which the four side walls (17) each have a spacer (22) arranged at a distance a and b from the corner region (25), the side length l₁ corresponding to half the side length l₂/2 of the moulded brick (1) or the side length l₁ of a square segment (14), and in that a further spacer (36, 36') is preferably associated with the brick (4) in the corner region of each lateral face (17).
10. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a second large square brick (5) is provided, the side wall (16) of which corresponds to the longer side wall (16) of length l₃ of the foundation brick (1) in each case.
11. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a further medium square brick (7) is provided, the side wall (15) of which corresponds to the shorter side wall (15) of length l₂ of the foundation brick (1) in each case.
12. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a fourth square brick (9) is provided, of which the respective side length (18) of length l₄ corresponds to a doubling of the shorter side length (15) of length l₂ of the foundation brick (1).
13. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterised in that a first rectangular double brick (6) is provided, of which the respective longer side wall (18) corresponds to the doubling of the shorter side wall (15; 2 x l₂) of the foundation brick (1) and of which the respective shorter side wall (16) corresponds to the longer side wall (16) of length l₃ of the foundation brick (1).
14. Moulded brick building set according to either of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterised in that a further rectangular double brick (8) is provided, of which the longer side wall (18) corresponds to the doubling of the short side wall (15; 2 x l₂) of the foundation brick (1) and of which the respective shorter side wall (15) corresponds to the single length l₂ of the short side wall (15) of the foundation brick (1).
15. Moulded brick building set according to either of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterised in that the foundation brick (1) is composed of two 1/2 bricks (2) each with spacers (22) on all sides.
16. Moulded brick building set according to either of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterised in that a corner brick (10) is provided which is composed of two square faces touching at a corner (21) of side length l₂ corresponding to the short side length (15) of the foundation brick (1) and a diagonal element (20) connecting these faces, all outer faces (15) having teeth (28, 29, 32) and the diagonal face (19) having corresponding teeth (28', 29', 32').
17. Moulded brick building set according to either of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterised in that a diagonal brick (11) is provided which is composed three-dimensionally or two-dimensionally of two square bricks (7) aligning in their diagonals (19') of a side length l₂ corresponding to the shorter side length (15) of the foundation brick (1), the bordering oblique faces (19) corresponding to the length of the diagonals (19') of the square (7) and preferably being provided three-dimensionally.
18. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims 10 to 12, characterised in that each square brick (5, 7, 9) and/or each rectangular brick (1, 2, 3, 6, 8) can be undone in at least one diagonal (19'), the diagonal oblique face (19) also being provided with spacers (28', 29', 32').
19. Moulded brick building set according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a further supplementary brick (12) (hypotenuse brick) with a side edge length (l₅) matched to the respective oblique faces (19) is associated with an oblique face (19).

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