EP0837296B1 - Heat exchanger of aluminum alloy - Google Patents

Heat exchanger of aluminum alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0837296B1
EP0837296B1 EP97918343A EP97918343A EP0837296B1 EP 0837296 B1 EP0837296 B1 EP 0837296B1 EP 97918343 A EP97918343 A EP 97918343A EP 97918343 A EP97918343 A EP 97918343A EP 0837296 B1 EP0837296 B1 EP 0837296B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brazing
heat exchanger
oil cooler
aluminum alloy
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97918343A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0837296A1 (en
EP0837296A4 (en
Inventor
Takeyoshi Doko
Koji Okada
Takeshi Iguchi
Takaaki Sakane
Yoshihiro Kinoshita
Taketoshi Toyama
Akira Uchikawa
Satoshi Nohira
Homare Koutate
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Denso Corp
Original Assignee
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Denso Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Furukawa Electric Co Ltd, Denso Corp filed Critical Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Publication of EP0837296A1 publication Critical patent/EP0837296A1/en
Publication of EP0837296A4 publication Critical patent/EP0837296A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0837296B1 publication Critical patent/EP0837296B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0234—Header boxes; End plates having a second heat exchanger disposed there within, e.g. oil cooler

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger with a radiator and an oil cooler integrated that is produced by using aluminum alloy brazing sheets.
  • a heat exchanger having a radiator and an oil cooler in combination is manufactured by assembling a radiator core part (10) and an oil cooler part (11) (oil passages (7) formed by joining brazing sheets (8) are illustrated in a simplified manner in the drawings) and then mechanically associating them with tanks (6), for example, as shown perspectively in Fig. 4.
  • the radiator is made up of the radiator core part (10), comprising flat tubes (3), thin fins (1), side supports (12), and headers (4), and the tanks (6).
  • Each of the corrugated thin fins (1) is formed between the flat tubes (3), with the corrugated thin fin integrated with the flat tubes, and the ends of the flat tubes (3) are open to space (2) formed by the headers (4) and the tanks (6), so that a high-temperature refrigerant is passed from the space in one tank through the flat tubes (3) to another space (2) of the other tank (6), to recirculate the refrigerant, whose temperature has been lowered due to the heat exchange at the tubes (3) and the fins (1).
  • the radiator part is assembled as follows: as the tube material and the header material, brazing sheets are used, wherein the core material is, for example, JIS 3003 alloy; the inner side on the core material, that is, the side to which the refrigerant constantly contacts is coated with JIS 7072 alloy as a lining material; and the outer side on the core material is clad with a usual filler material, such as JIS 4045; and the tubes and the headers are integrated with corrugated fins and other members by brazing.
  • the core material is, for example, JIS 3003 alloy
  • the inner side on the core material that is, the side to which the refrigerant constantly contacts
  • JIS 7072 alloy as a lining material
  • the outer side on the core material is clad with a usual filler material, such as JIS 4045
  • the tubes and the headers are integrated with corrugated fins and other members by brazing.
  • the oil passages (7) formed by joining the brazing sheets (8) extend through the space in the tank (2), and an oil having a high temperature passing through the passages (7) is cooled with the refrigerant passing through the space (2).
  • brazing sheets are used, wherein, as the core material, for example, JIS 3003 alloy is used; the outer side on the core material, that is, the side to which the refrigerant constantly contacts is clad, for example, with JIS 7072 alloy, and the inner side on the core material is clad, usually, with a filler material, such as JIS 4045.
  • the brazing sheets are brazed by heating them to a temperature of about 600 °C.
  • the radiator part and the oil cooler part are assembled by brazing at a temperature of about 600 °C.
  • the brazing is carried out, for example, by the flux brazing method or the non-corrosive flux brazing method, wherein a non-corrosive flux is used.
  • the tank (6) is generally made of a resin material, and the tank (6) has to be attached in a step separated from the step of assembling the radiator part and the oil cooler part by brazing, so that there is a difficulty that additional step is required. Further, in such a heat exchanger, the part between the resin tank (6) and the header (4) that is fastened, is required to be caulked through a resin packing (5) or the like, which leads to a defect that crevice corrosion is apt to take place at the boundary between the resin packing (5) and the header (4).
  • the tank also be made of an aluminum alloy and be assembled simultaneously by the brazing technique.
  • the oil cooler part is brazed with it covered with the tank. Therefore, if the brazing of the oil cooler is incomplete, it cannot be repaired anymore. Thus, it is required that the brazing be effected completely, but it is conventionally difficult due to the following reason. Since the oil cooler part is covered with the tank, the temperature of the brazing is not elevated satisfactorily; and defective brazing is apt to occur. Further, if the heating is carried out to elevate the temperature satisfactorily so as not to cause defective brazing, the brazing temperature is elevated excessively for the radiator part, and thus inconveniently the filler material diffuses into the radiator tubes and the fins. Further, in the oil cooler, since the brazed part is in contact with a refrigerant, local corrosion is apt to occur due to the potential difference between the brazed part and the core material part. This problem cannot be solved by brazing by the conventional brazing technique.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that is made of an aluminum alloy by using an aluminum material instead of a resin tank, can be easily recycled, is excellent in corrosion resistance, and can be produced without requiring a step of caulking a tank.
  • EP 637 481 A1 discloses an aluminum alloy brazing material for heat exchanges. This document is the basis for the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fig. 1 is an embodiment of a heat exchanger of the present invention made of an aluminum alloy with a radiator and an oil cooler integrated by brazing (a double pipe-type, brazing-type heat exchanger), wherein instead of a resin tank (6) shown in Fig. 4, a tank (13) in which brazing sheets of an aluminum alloy are used is employed, and a header (4) of a radiator core part and the tank (13) are assembled by one step by brazing-heating. Accordingly a packing (5) as used in the prior art is not required.
  • the tank is made of an aluminum alloy and its joining is made by the brazing method, crevice corrosion between the tank and the header does not occur, and when the exchanger is recovered as waste refuse, the tank can also be recycled as an aluminum material without dismounting it. Further, since the header and the tank are integrated by one step of brazing, a step of caulking the tank is not required.
  • Fig. 1 the same reference numerals are used to indicate the corresponding parts of Fig. 4.
  • the present invention is directed to the thus integral heat exchanger and as the brazing alloy of the brazing sheets (e.g., the above brazing sheets (8) in Fig. 1) used for the oil cooler, an aluminum alloy containing Si in an amount from more than 7.0 wt% to 12.0 wt%, Fe in an amount from more than 0.05 wt% to 0.5 wt%, Cu in an amount from more than 0.4 wt% to 8.0 wt%, Zn in an amount from more than 0.5 wt% to 10.0 wt%, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, is used.
  • the brazing alloy of the brazing sheets e.g., the above brazing sheets (8) in Fig. 1
  • This aluminum alloy is an alloy suggested as a low-temperature brazing alloy, for example, in JP-A ("JP-A" means unexamined published Japanese patent application) No. 90442/1995. The reason why brazing sheets clad with the brazing alloy having the above specified composition are used in the present production method is described below.
  • the amount of Si to be added is desirably 8.0 to 11.0 wt%.
  • Fe functions to make the crystals fine to make high the strength of the fillet of the brazed joint when the brazing alloy is melted and is then allowed to solidify and if its amount is 0.05 wt% or less, the effect is not satisfactorily exhibited.
  • the brazing alloy is solidified, Fe forms intermetallic compounds, which act as starting points of corrosion. Accordingly, in view of the balance between the effect of making the crystals fine and the corrosiveness, the upper limit of the amount of Fe is 0.5 wt% and the amount of Fe is preferably 0.2 wt% or less in view of the corrosiveness.
  • Cu lowers the melting point of the alloy to improve the brazing alloy flow property. Further Cu serves to increase the outer corrosion resistance of the filler material. Since the brazed parts of the oil cooler come in direct contact with a refrigerant, the outer corrosion resistance is required. Here, in view of the corrosion resistance, if the amount of Cu is 0.4 wt% or less, its effect is not satisfactory. To secure stable brazing properties, the amount of Cu to be added is over 1.0 wt%.
  • the brazing alloy will not be suitable as a filler material used for brazing sheets for the heat exchanger. Therefore, when the amount of Cu is over 1.0 wt% but 8.0 wt%, preferably 4.0 wt% or less to take the workability in rolling into account, and particularly from 1.0 to 3.5 wt%, stable properties are exhibited.
  • the addition of Zn lowers the melting point of the alloy to stabilize the brazing properties. Further, a conventional brazing alloy wherein Cu is added as in the present invention had the problem that the electric potential of the brazing alloy becomes nobler than that of the core and the outer corrosion occurs in a pitted pattern and at a high speed. The addition of Zn in this invention lowers the electric potential of the brazing alloy to bring the electric potential of the brazing alloy near to the electric potential of the core alloy to improve the corrosion resistance.
  • the brazing alloy is not suitable as a filler material to be used for brazing sheets for the heat exchanger.
  • the amount of Zn to be added is desirably over 2.0 wt%, and taking the workability in rolling into account, the amount of Zn to be added is desirably 6.0 wt% or less, preferably 5.0 wt% or less.
  • inevitable impurities other elements may be contained if the amounts are 0.30 wt% or less respectively, and the amounts are desirably 0.05 wt% or less respectively.
  • typical inevitable impurities include Ni, Cr, Zr, Ti, Mg, etc. which are often added into brazing sheets.
  • the brazing conditions employed in the present invention may be usual conditions under which the radiator can be brazed without any problems. That is, there is no particular restriction and, for example, the flux brazing method and the non-corrosive flux brazing wherein a non-corrosive flux is used can be used. For example, assembling, cleaning, and, if required, applying a flux before the brazing may be carried out in a usual manner.
  • Fig. 2 In the present invention, so long as the radiator and the oil cooler are integrated, there is no particular restriction on the type of the heat exchanger made of an aluminum alloy and various types can be formed. Examples of the heat exchanger are illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the oil cooler part shown in Fig. 2 is of a double pipe type having an inner pipe and an outer pipe.
  • the radiator core part In Fig. 2, the radiator core part is omitted since it may be basically the same as that in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 (14) indicates a tubular oil cooler, which comprises an inner pipe (15) and an outer pipe (16). (19) indicates an aluminum alloy tank.
  • the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 1 are used to indicate the corresponding same parts.
  • (17) indicates a pipe and (18) indicates a connector. As shown in Fig.
  • the aluminum alloy tank (19) is made of brazing sheets and is brazed integrally to a header plate (4).
  • the inside of the outer pipe (16) is made of the filler material having the specified composition according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the oil cooler part that is of a multi-plate type.
  • (20) indicates an oil cooler
  • (21) indicates inner fins
  • (22) indicates a tube plate
  • (23) indicates an aluminum alloy tank made of brazing sheets, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 2 being used to indicate the corresponding same parts.
  • the inside of the tube plate (22) is made of a brazing sheet clad with the specified filler material according to the present invention.
  • the tank (23) is brazed integrally to the header plate (4).
  • the following shows an example for the first and second filler material.
  • the materials of the radiator are shown in Table 1.
  • the tubes of the radiator were tubes electroseamed by using the tube material shown in Table 1.
  • brazing sheets having the following constitution were used.
  • the brazing sheets were made by press molding O-material plates having a thickness of 0.6 mm, wherein the core material was an Al-0.5wt%Si-0.3wt%Fe-0.5wt%Cu-1.1wt%Mn alloy, the sacrificial material outside the core material of an Al-2wt%Zn alloy was clad thereon, and the brazing alloy inside the core material shown in Table 2, was clad thereon in amounts of 10% for the total thickness respectively.
  • the corrosion test was performed in such a way that from the oil cooler a part that had no leakage defect was cut out, the end of the part was masked, the part was immersed for 5 months in a tap water to which Cu 2+ ions had been added to give a concentration 10 ppm, and cycles of 80 °C x 8 hours and room temperature x 16 hours were repeated. The state of formation of corrosion around the brazed section was examined in cross section.
  • the temperature reached at brazing was lower than 600 °C, that was 570 to 585 °C, the brazing of the oil cooler was good and no leakage defect occurred because of the use of the filler material for low-temperature at this part. Further, the potential difference between the brazing alloy and the core material alloy in any of these Examples was within 100 mV. As a result, through-hole corrosion did not occur in the corrosion test.
  • the heat exchanger produced in accordance with the present invention does not use a resin tank, the heat exchanger is characterized in that it is readily recycled, the corrosion resistance is excellent, and a step of caulking the tank is not required to produce the heat exchanger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
EP97918343A 1996-05-02 1997-04-30 Heat exchanger of aluminum alloy Expired - Lifetime EP0837296B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP111546/96 1996-05-02
JP11154696 1996-05-02
JP8111546A JPH09296996A (ja) 1996-05-02 1996-05-02 アルミニウム合金製熱交換器
PCT/JP1997/001491 WO1997042457A1 (fr) 1996-05-02 1997-04-30 Echangeur thermique en alliage d'aluminium

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0837296A1 EP0837296A1 (en) 1998-04-22
EP0837296A4 EP0837296A4 (en) 1999-04-28
EP0837296B1 true EP0837296B1 (en) 2003-04-09

Family

ID=14564128

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97918343A Expired - Lifetime EP0837296B1 (en) 1996-05-02 1997-04-30 Heat exchanger of aluminum alloy

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0837296B1 (ko)
JP (1) JPH09296996A (ko)
KR (1) KR100295587B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1131414C (ko)
DE (1) DE69720634T2 (ko)
WO (1) WO1997042457A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007101088A (ja) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-19 Calsonic Kansei Corp 熱交換器のタンク構造
JP5049488B2 (ja) * 2005-12-08 2012-10-17 古河スカイ株式会社 アルミニウム合金ブレージングシートの製造方法
JP4825507B2 (ja) * 2005-12-08 2011-11-30 古河スカイ株式会社 アルミニウム合金ブレージングシート
WO2008067970A1 (de) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-12 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Kasten zur aufnahme eines fluids für einen wärmeübertrager sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines derartigen kastens, wärmeübertrager
FR2991036B1 (fr) * 2012-05-22 2022-03-11 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Plaque collectrice pour une boite collectrice d'un echangeur de chaleur de vehicule automobile
DE102016116265A1 (de) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-01 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Lotwerkstoff auf Kupferbasis und Verwendung des Lotwerkstoffs
JP6711317B2 (ja) * 2017-06-13 2020-06-17 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器
CN108225427B (zh) * 2018-01-10 2020-07-28 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 一种油冷器在低真空条件下的钎焊评价系统
DE102018109233A1 (de) * 2018-04-18 2019-10-24 Hanon Systems System zum Verbinden von Gehäuseelementen einer Vorrichtung zur Wärmeübertragung

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4211827A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-07-08 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Al-Si-Sn Alloy clad composite
JP2875281B2 (ja) * 1989-05-15 1999-03-31 カルソニック株式会社 ラジエータタンクへのオイルクーラの取付方法
JPH04161798A (ja) * 1990-10-26 1992-06-05 Showa Alum Corp ２重管式熱交換器
JP3183523B2 (ja) * 1991-02-04 2001-07-09 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 オイルクーラを内蔵したアルミニウム製熱交換器のパイプタンク及びその製造方法
JPH0630689U (ja) * 1992-09-21 1994-04-22 カルソニック株式会社 オイルクーラの取付構造
JP2570381Y2 (ja) * 1992-09-21 1998-05-06 カルソニック株式会社 オイルクーラの取付構造
JPH0790442A (ja) 1993-09-06 1995-04-04 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 熱交換器用アルミニウム合金ブレージングシートおよびアルミニウム合金製熱交換器の製造方法
KR0184019B1 (ko) * 1993-08-03 1999-05-01 도모마쯔 겐고 알루미늄 합금 브레이징 재료, 열교환기용 알루미늄 합금 브레이징 박판 및 알루미늄 합금 열교환기 제조방법
US5422191A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-06-06 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Aluminum-lithium filler alloy for brazing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100295587B1 (ko) 2001-11-05
JPH09296996A (ja) 1997-11-18
EP0837296A1 (en) 1998-04-22
KR19990028645A (ko) 1999-04-15
WO1997042457A1 (fr) 1997-11-13
DE69720634T2 (de) 2003-12-18
DE69720634D1 (de) 2003-05-15
CN1190458A (zh) 1998-08-12
EP0837296A4 (en) 1999-04-28
CN1131414C (zh) 2003-12-17

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