EP0833988B1 - Lightweight embankment - Google Patents
Lightweight embankment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0833988B1 EP0833988B1 EP97920772A EP97920772A EP0833988B1 EP 0833988 B1 EP0833988 B1 EP 0833988B1 EP 97920772 A EP97920772 A EP 97920772A EP 97920772 A EP97920772 A EP 97920772A EP 0833988 B1 EP0833988 B1 EP 0833988B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blocks
- layer
- lightweight embankment
- embankment according
- embankment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/006—Foundations for pavings made of prefabricated single units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lightweight backfill and more particularly to the technique of construction of such an embankment.
- the object of the invention is to provide lightweight economic embankments and requiring little building materials, while having properties of improved stability.
- the invention relates to a light backfill according to the claim 1.
- the light backfill according to the invention may include one or more characteristics described in claims 2 to 18.
- the embankment 1 shown in Figure 1 is intended to support a roadway. Its width gradually decreases from its base towards its Mountain peak.
- the embankment 1 is constructed from building blocks 3 of elongated parallelepiped shape, stacked in successive layers on the others, the blocks 3 of the same layer being arranged in rows parallel.
- the first layer of backfill, base layer 5, rests on a bed 6 of quarry sand or crushed material, of approximately 0.1m thick on average.
- the blocks 3 of the other layers are laid with crossed with respect to blocks 3 of the adjacent lower layer.
- the blocks 3 of each layer are separated from each other. by free spaces 7.
- the width of free spaces 7 is constant and less than 1m, and preferably between 0.2m and 0.6m.
- the width of the free spaces of the lower layers may be greater than that of the open spaces of the upper layers.
- the cover layer 9 is however formed by blocks 3 placed contiguously to carry a reinforced concrete slab 11 supporting the wearing course 13 of the road.
- the height of the blocks 3 is between 0.17m and 1.1m.
- the blocks belonging to the same layer all have the same height. In the example shown, this height is uniform for all the embankment, but, alternatively, this may vary from layer to layer.
- the blocks 3 are made of light plastic material, in particular of expanded polystyrene.
- Light plastic material means a plastic material with a density less than 1000 kg / m 3 .
- the density of the material used is greater than 21 kg / m 3 , in particular greater than 23 kg / m 3 , and the compressive strength at 10% crushing is greater at 110 kPa, in particular greater than 130 kPa.
- the total weight of the structure remains approximately the same thanks to the free spaces between the blocks of a layer.
- At least one end, and preferably all the ends, of the free spaces 7 are closed by end caps 16 made of the same material as blocks 3, or by a geotextile membrane.
- At least some of the blocks 3 are provided with construction, during stacking, of joining means, for example those shown in Figure 2.
- These joining means are formed by at least a rod 17, and preferably by two rods 17.
- These are in particular vertical steel rods, longer than height of an associated building block 3, which pierce this block respectively near its ends and protrude on either side of the block.
- the parts protruding rods 17 are intended to sink into blocks of two adjacent layers and thus secure the blocks against lateral displacement.
- rods with a diameter of 8mm and a length are used 1.10m.
- Figure 3 shows a light embankment 1 to be built against an inclined slope 19.
- the laying bed 6 is here made of materials crushed with an average thickness of 0.15 m.
- elements corresponding to those of figure 1 will be identified by the numbers correspondents.
- This variant differs essentially from the embankment shown in Figure 1 by the fact that there are provided holding elements 21 of the embankment housed in certain free spaces 7 of the embankment 1.
- such a holding element 21 is produced in pouring concrete into a free space 7 forming lost formwork.
- the ends of the free space as well as the openings thereof which communicate with the free spaces of the lower layers are closed by plates, or alternatively, with regard to the ends of the spaces free, by blocks 22 of cut expanded polystyrene which are flush with the free surface of the embankment.
- Another solution could be to carry out the fillings in question using geotextile membranes.
- the elements holding 21 are preferably cast in a free space having a width less than 0.3m of a layer formed by blocks having a height less than 0.3m, so as not to make the embankment too heavy.
- this anchoring element 23 is also formed by poured concrete, together with the concrete forming elements of maintenance 21, in a free interval provided between the slope 19 and the embankment 1.
- the end 25 of the free space 7 forming lost formwork, opposite slope 19, is widened.
- the concrete poured into this the enlarged end thus forms a retaining element 26 having a shape in T.
- a light backfill 1 with free spaces 7 allows a considerable savings in the volume of material used for construction and, as a result, savings of around 20% in transport costs.
- Another advantage of the lightened backfill according to the invention relates to drainage thereof, especially when it is built on land flood.
- water enters, through the bed laying 6, in the free spaces 7 of the base layer 5, which communicate with free spaces 7 of the upper layers.
- the free spaces 7 of the different layers are gradually filled with water.
- Archimedes' push exerted over the entire embankment is reduced, so that the stability of the embankment 1 is only slightly affected by the flood.
- the layers can be formed blocks of SAUL material.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un remblai allégé et plus particulièrement à la technique de construction d'un tel remblai.The present invention relates to a lightweight backfill and more particularly to the technique of construction of such an embankment.
Les remblais routiers traditionnels sont réalisés à partir de matériaux d'excavation, dont la masse volumique est voisine de 2000 kg/m3.Traditional road embankments are made from excavation materials, whose density is close to 2000 kg / m 3 .
Dans certains cas, pour des problèmes spécifiques (sols compressibles, pentes instables...), il est intéressant d'avoir recours à des matériaux plus légers.In some cases, for specific problems (compressible soils, unstable slopes ...), it is interesting to use materials lighter.
C'est pourquoi de nombreux remblais ont été construits ces dernières années avec des blocs de construction réalisés à partir de matériaux extrêmement légers de masse volumique typiquement comprise entre 20 et 60 kg/m3 environ, par exemple du polystyrène expansé ou une autre matière plastique noble de type SAUL (Structure Alvéolaire Ultra-Légère). Actuellement, la technique utilisée consiste typiquement à empiler de façon jointive des blocs de polystyrène de catégorie EC ou EM d'après une norme française imposant une masse volumique comprise entre 19 et 20 kg/m3,This is why many embankments have been built in recent years with building blocks made from extremely light materials with a density typically between 20 and 60 kg / m 3 approximately, for example expanded polystyrene or another plastic material. noble type SAUL (Ultra-Light Alveolar Structure). Currently, the technique used typically consists of stacking contiguously blocks of polystyrene of category EC or EM according to a French standard imposing a density of between 19 and 20 kg / m 3 ,
Cependant, ces blocs fabriqués à partir de matériaux nobles, issus de l'industrie chimique, sont très coûteux, et la technique actuelle nécessite une quantité considérable de blocs de construction.However, these blocks made from noble materials, derived of the chemical industry, are very expensive, and the current technique requires a considerable amount of building blocks.
On connaít en outre du document CH-A-419 209 un remblai allégé suivant le préambule de la revendication 1, ce remblai comprenant des tranches verticales constituées de blocs en mousse de matière plastique.We also know from document CH-A-419 209 a light embankment according to the preamble of claim 1, this embankment comprising sections vertical blocks made of plastic foam blocks.
L'invention a pour but de fournir des remblais allégés économiques et nécessitant peu de matériaux de construction, tout en ayant des propriétés de stabilité améliorées.The object of the invention is to provide lightweight economic embankments and requiring little building materials, while having properties of improved stability.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un remblai allégé suivant la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a light backfill according to the claim 1.
Le remblai allégé suivant l'invention peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques décrites dans les revendications 2 à 18. The light backfill according to the invention may include one or more characteristics described in claims 2 to 18.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante donnée à titre d'exemple sans caractère limitatif en regard des dessins annexés, sur lesquels :
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un remblai allégé suivant l'invention ;
- La figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un bloc de construction du remblai allégé représenté sur la figure 1;
- La figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'une variante du remblai allégé, destinée à être construite contre un talus; et
- La figure 4 est une vue en coupe horizontale suivant la ligne 4-4 du remblai allégé représenté sur la figure 3.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a lightweight embankment according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of a building block of the lightweight backfill shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of a variant of the light backfill, intended to be built against an embankment; and
- FIG. 4 is a view in horizontal section on line 4-4 of the lightened embankment shown in FIG. 3.
Le remblai 1 représenté à la figure 1 est destiné à supporter une voie de chaussée. Sa largeur décroít progressivement de sa base vers son sommet.The embankment 1 shown in Figure 1 is intended to support a roadway. Its width gradually decreases from its base towards its Mountain peak.
Le remblai 1 est construit à partir de blocs 3 de construction de
forme parallélépipédique allongée, empilés par couches successives les uns
sur les autres, les blocs 3 d'une même couche étant disposés en rangées
parallèles.The embankment 1 is constructed from
La première couche du remblai, la couche de base 5, repose sur
un lit de pose 6 en sable de carrières ou en matériaux concassés, d'environ
0,1m d'épaisseur en moyenne. Les blocs 3 des autres couches sont posés de
façon croisée par rapport aux blocs 3 de la couche adjacente inférieure.The first layer of backfill,
Les blocs 3 de chaque couche sont séparés les uns des autres .
par des espaces libres 7. La largeur des espaces libres 7 est constante et
inférieure à 1m, et de préférence comprise entre 0,2m et 0,6m.The
En variante, la largeur des espaces libres des couches inférieures peut être supérieure à celle des espaces libres des couches supérieures.As a variant, the width of the free spaces of the lower layers may be greater than that of the open spaces of the upper layers.
Ce schéma d'empilage est observé jusqu'à l'avant-demière couche
du remblai allégé 1. La couche de couverture 9 est en revanche formée par
des blocs 3 posés de façon jointive pour porter une dalle en béton armé 11
supportant la couche de roulement 13 de la chaussée.This stacking pattern is observed up to the penultimate layer
of the light backfill 1. The
La hauteur des blocs 3 est comprise entre 0,17m et 1,1m. Les
blocs appartenant à la même couche ont tous la même hauteur. Dans
l'exemple représenté, cette hauteur est uniforme pour tout le remblai, mais,
en variante, celle-ci peut varier d'une couche à l'autre.The height of the
Les blocs 3 sont réalisés en matériau plastique léger, notamment
en polystyrène expansé. On entend par "matériau plastique léger" un matériau
plastique de masse volumique inférieure à 1000 kg/m3. Pour répondre aux
contraintes de compression auxquelles les blocs sont soumis, la masse
volumique du matériau utilisé est supérieure à 21 kg/m3, notamment
supérieure à 23 kg/m3, et la résistance à la compression à 10% d'écrasement
est supérieure à 110 kPa, notamment supérieure à 130 kPa. Malgré une
masse volumique supérieure des blocs de construction par rapport à celle des
blocs utilisés pour la construction des remblais connus, le poids total de
l'ouvrage reste à peu près le même grâce aux espaces libres entre les blocs
d'une couche.The
Afin d'empêcher la terre 15 qui est apportée latéralement au
remblai 1 pour stabiliser et masquer celui-ci, d'entrer dans les espaces libres
7, au moins une extrémité, et de préférence toutes les extrémités, des
espaces libres 7 sont fermées par des embouts 16 constitués du même
matériau que les blocs 3, ou par une membrane géotextile.In order to prevent the
Pour renforcer la stabilité du remblai et assurer les blocs contre
un déplacement latéral, on pourvoie au moins certains des blocs 3 de
construction, lors de l'empilage, de moyens de jonction, par exemple ceux
représentés sur la figure 2. Ces moyens de jonction sont formés par au moins
une tige 17, et de préférence par deux tiges 17. Celles-ci sont notamment des
tiges verticales en acier, ayant une longueur plus importante que la hauteur
d'un bloc 3 de construction associé, qui transpercent ce bloc respectivement
près de ses extrémités et font saillie de part et d'autre du bloc. Les parties
saillantes des tiges 17 sont destinées à s'enfoncer dans des blocs de deux
couches adjacentes et assurent ainsi les blocs contre un déplacement latéral.
Généralement, on utilise des tiges ayant un diamètre de 8mm et une longueur
de 1,10m.To reinforce the stability of the embankment and secure the blocks against
lateral displacement, at least some of the
Alternativement et en fonction des conditions climatiques, on envisage aussi de coller les blocs les uns sur les autres lors de l'empilage au moyen d'une matière adhésive, notamment de la colle.Alternatively and depending on the climatic conditions, we also consider sticking the blocks on top of each other when stacking at by means of an adhesive material, in particular glue.
La figure 3 montre un remblai allégé 1 destiné à être construit
contre un talus incliné 19. Le lit de pose 6 est ici réalisé en matériaux
concassés d'une épaisseur moyenne de 0,15m.Sur cette figure, des éléments
correspondant à ceux de la figure 1 seront identifiés par les numéros
correspondants.Figure 3 shows a light embankment 1 to be built
against an
Cette variante se distingue essentiellement du remblai représenté
sur la figure 1 par le fait qu'on prévoit des éléments de maintien 21 du remblai
logés dans certains espaces libres 7 du remblai 1.This variant differs essentially from the embankment shown
in Figure 1 by the fact that there are provided
Avantageusement, un tel élément de maintien 21 est réalisé en
coulant du béton dans un espace libre 7 formant coffrage perdu. Afin d'empêcher
que le béton se répande dans tout le remblai lors du coulage, les
extrémités de l'espace libre ainsi que les ouvertures de celui-ci qui communiquent
avec les espaces libres des couches inférieures sont fermées par des
plaques, ou altemativement, en ce qui concerne les extrémités des espaces
libres, par des blocs 22 de polystyrène expansé découpés qui affleurent la
surface libre du remblai. Une autre solution pourrait consister à réaliser les
obturations en question au moyen de membranes géotextiles. Les éléments
de maintien 21 sont, de préférence, coulés dans un espace libre ayant une
largeur inférieure à 0,3m d'une couche formée par des blocs ayant une hauteur
inférieure à 0,3m, pour ne pas trop alourdir le remblai.Advantageously, such a
Comme on le voit sur la figure 4, ces éléments de maintien 21
sont reliés par leur extrémité proche du talus 19 à un élément 23 d'ancrage
au talus 19. Avantageusement, cet élément d'ancrage 23 est également formé
par du béton coulé, en même temps que le béton formant des éléments de
maintien 21, dans un intervalle libre prévu entre le talus 19 et le remblai 1.As can be seen in FIG. 4, these
Avantageusement, l'extrémité 25 de l'espace libre 7 formant
coffrage perdu, opposée au talus 19, est élargie. Le béton coulé dans cette
extrémité élargie forme ainsi un élément de retenue 26 ayant une forme en
T.Advantageously, the
Un remblai allégé 1 ayant des espaces libres 7 permet une
économie considérable du volume de matériau utilisé pour la construction et,
de ce fait, une économie de l'ordre de 20% des coûts de transport.A light backfill 1 with
Un autre avantage du remblai allégé suivant l'invention est relatif
au drainage de celui-ci, en particulier quand celui-ci est construit sur un terrain
inondable. Dans le cas d'une montée des eaux, l'eau pénètre, à travers le lit
de pose 6, dans les espaces libres 7 de la couche de base 5, lesquels
communiquent avec des espaces libres 7 des couches supérieures. Au fur et
à mesure que l'eau monte, les espaces libres 7 des différentes couches sont
emplies progressivement d'eau. Par suite, la poussée d'Archimède exercée
sur l'ensemble du remblai est réduite, de sorte que la stabilité du remblai 1
n'est que faiblement affectée par l'inondation.Another advantage of the lightened backfill according to the invention relates to
drainage thereof, especially when it is built on land
flood. In the case of rising water, water enters, through the bed
laying 6, in the
En variante, on peut faire varier la nature et/ou la densité des blocs d'une couche à l'autre, pour réaliser une optimisation technico-économique dans chaque application particulière.Alternatively, the nature and / or the density of the blocks from one layer to another, to achieve technical and economic optimization in each particular application.
De plus, certaines au moins des couches peuvent être constituées de blocs de matière SAUL.In addition, at least some of the layers can be formed blocks of SAUL material.
Claims (18)
- Lightweight embankment (1) comprising blocks (3) stacked in successive layers, in which, in at least one layer, at least two blocks (3) adjacent to said layer are separated from each other by an open space (7), and in which the blocks (3) display a form which is generally more or less parallelepiped, characterised in that these blocks (3) of two adjacent layers are placed such that they are crosswise with respect to each other.
- Lightweight embankment according to claim 1, characterised in that the blocks (3) of any single layer are placed in parallel rows.
- Lightweight embankment according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the blocks (3) of any single layer have the same height, and in that the blocks (3) of at least two different layers display a different height.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the blocks (3) are manufactured from a plastic material, in particular from expanded polystyrene.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the blocks (3) are manufactured from a material with a density of greater than 21 kg /m3, in particular greater than 23 kg/m3, and with a compressive resistance at 10% crushing of more than 110 kPa, preferably of more than 130 kPa.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that at least one block (3) of at least one layer is connected to at least one other block (3) which forms part of at least one adjacent layer by means of jointing (17).
- Lightweight embankment according to claim 6, characterised in that the means of jointing are formed by an adhesive material, in particular glue.
- Lightweight embankment according to claim 6, characterised in that the means of jointing are formed by at least one rod (17), in particular a vertical steel rod, protruding above the block (3) and intended to engage in a block (3) of an adjacent layer.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the width of the open spaces (7) of the lower layers is greater than the width of the open spaces (7) of the upper layers.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 9 comprising a covering layer (9), characterised in that the blocks (3) of the covering layer (9) of the embankment are placed contiguously.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that at least one extremity of at least one open space (7) and preferably all the extremities of all the open spaces (7) are closed by end pieces (16).
- Lightweight embankment according to any of the claims 1 to 12, characterised in that at least one retaining element (21) of the embankment is housed in at least one open space (7).
- Lightweight embankment according to claim 12, characterised in that the width of the open spaces (7) which house a retaining element (21) is less than the width of the other open spaces (7) of the same layer, and in that the height of the blocks (3) of this layer is less than the height of at least one other layer of the embankment. (1).
- Lightweight embankment according to one of claims 12 and 13, constructed against a slope (19), characterised in that the retaining elements (21) of the embankment are connected by one extremity to an anchoring element in the slope (23), the anchoring element being in particular common to several retaining elements of any single layer.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 12 to 14, characterised in that the retaining element (2) of the embankment is formed by concrete poured into an open space (7) forming permanent formwork, the extremities of this open space (7), together with the openings thereof which communicate with an open space (7) of a lower layer being sealed off by sealing elements (22).
- Lightweight embankment according to claims 14 and 15 taken together, characterised in that the anchorage element in the slope (23) is formed from concrete poured into an empty area provided between the slope (19) and the embankment (1).
- Lightweight embankment according to one of claims 15 and 16, constructed against a slope, characterised in that at least one extremity of at least one open space (7) serving as permanent formwork comprises an enlarged part (25) in which the retaining element (21) forms a retaining element (26) for the blocks (3) of the embankment.
- Lightweight embankment according to any of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the type and/or the density of the blocks varies from one layer to another.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9604879 | 1996-04-18 | ||
FR9604879A FR2747705B1 (en) | 1996-04-18 | 1996-04-18 | LIGHT FILL |
PCT/FR1997/000689 WO1997039195A1 (en) | 1996-04-18 | 1997-04-16 | Lightweight embankment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0833988A1 EP0833988A1 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
EP0833988B1 true EP0833988B1 (en) | 2002-01-09 |
Family
ID=9491346
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97920772A Expired - Lifetime EP0833988B1 (en) | 1996-04-18 | 1997-04-16 | Lightweight embankment |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6146054A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0833988B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11508983A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE211788T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2225508A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69709517D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2747705B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO975908L (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997039195A1 (en) |
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GB0129718D0 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2002-01-30 | Vencel Resil Ltd | Retaining walls |
US7160052B2 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2007-01-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Paving system using arrays of vertically interlocking paving blocks |
CN100427686C (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2008-10-22 | 中铁四局集团第一工程有限公司 | Method for landfilling roadbed in high earth fill on groundwork of soft soil |
NL2001295C2 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Dura Vermeer Business Dev B V | Method for manufacturing a structure. |
PT104125B (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-05-28 | Manuel Filipe Lourenco Serro | MONOLITHIC SYSTEM OF FOUNDATION IN HOMOPOLÍMERO / PAVIMENTO IN RESISTANT AGGREGATES IN SEMI-CONTINUOUS CONFIGURATION |
NL2004245C2 (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-16 | Gemeentewerken Gemeente Rotterdam | FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION, AND INFRASTRUCTURE WITH SUCH FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION. |
CN102493303B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-03-19 | 何晓英 | Road bed embedding and broadening method |
FI20125201L (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-22 | Finnfoam Oy | Road structure and method for supporting the road structure |
NL1039945C2 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-17 | Milan Duå¡Kov | TALUDLESS SETTING LOW WEIGHT (RAIL) WEIGHT INCREASES AND EXTENSIONS OF EPS WITH VERTICAL SIDE (S). |
US8770886B1 (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-07-08 | Daniel Kotler | Modular flooring system |
US9783944B2 (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2017-10-10 | Larry Ragsdale, JR. | Berm or levee expansion system and method |
US10240310B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2019-03-26 | Larry J. Ragsdale, Jr. | Berm or levee expansion system and method |
JP6803135B2 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2020-12-23 | アキレス株式会社 | Lightweight embankment structure |
US10538889B2 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2020-01-21 | Larry J Ragsdale, Jr. | Berm or levee expansion system and method |
CN107245912B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2019-04-30 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of Foam lightweight soil railway bed structure and engineering method |
CN108677637B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-12-08 | 中交三航局第三工程有限公司 | Roadbed filling method for precast concrete pipe joint reinforced lightweight soil |
RU2747181C1 (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-04-28 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский горный университет» | Method for creating support structure of pavement |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US118216A (en) * | 1871-08-22 | Improvement in wooden pavements | ||
US238706A (en) * | 1881-03-08 | Pavement | ||
US777860A (en) * | 1903-06-12 | 1904-12-20 | Frederic J Nash | Road or pavement. |
US1402942A (en) * | 1917-03-07 | 1922-01-10 | Harry G Jennison | Pavement |
US1636113A (en) * | 1925-09-22 | 1927-07-19 | Henry D Streator | Pavement |
US1636114A (en) * | 1926-05-24 | 1927-07-19 | Henry D Streator | Pavement |
CH419209A (en) * | 1965-04-20 | 1966-08-31 | Cottier Roger | Method of constructing a road on bad ground and road obtained by the implementation of this method |
DE2106723C3 (en) * | 1971-02-12 | 1974-10-10 | Deutsche Schachtbau- U. Tiefbohrgesellschaft Mbh, 4450 Lingen | Method of making a makeshift pavement |
DE2415023C3 (en) * | 1974-03-28 | 1979-07-05 | Lindemann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf | Noise barrier |
FR2639663B1 (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1992-04-10 | Jacques Perrin | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING A LIGHTWEIGHT AND FLEXIBLE CONSTRUCTION MASS FROM ELEMENTARY BLOCKS OF FRAGMENTS OF COMPRESSED MATERIALS |
BE1005503A3 (en) * | 1990-11-16 | 1993-08-31 | Brock Jean Jacques | Pave the built for roads and other covering floors and highways and other coated floors paving of such. |
US5624211A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1997-04-29 | Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal | Modular block retaining wall construction and components |
EP0707117B1 (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 2002-07-10 | Société Civile des Brevets Henri Vidal | Modular block retaining wall construction |
FR2720088B1 (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1996-08-14 | Screg Routes & Travaux | Lightweight backfill using recycled materials. |
-
1996
- 1996-04-18 FR FR9604879A patent/FR2747705B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-04-16 WO PCT/FR1997/000689 patent/WO1997039195A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-16 AT AT97920772T patent/ATE211788T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-16 DE DE69709517T patent/DE69709517D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-16 EP EP97920772A patent/EP0833988B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-16 US US08/981,306 patent/US6146054A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-16 CA CA002225508A patent/CA2225508A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-16 JP JP9536819A patent/JPH11508983A/en active Pending
- 1997-12-16 NO NO975908A patent/NO975908L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997039195A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
ATE211788T1 (en) | 2002-01-15 |
US6146054A (en) | 2000-11-14 |
NO975908L (en) | 1998-02-18 |
FR2747705A1 (en) | 1997-10-24 |
CA2225508A1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
EP0833988A1 (en) | 1998-04-08 |
DE69709517D1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
NO975908D0 (en) | 1997-12-16 |
JPH11508983A (en) | 1999-08-03 |
FR2747705B1 (en) | 1998-05-29 |
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