EP0821332A1 - Détecteur de fumée - Google Patents

Détecteur de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0821332A1
EP0821332A1 EP96111753A EP96111753A EP0821332A1 EP 0821332 A1 EP0821332 A1 EP 0821332A1 EP 96111753 A EP96111753 A EP 96111753A EP 96111753 A EP96111753 A EP 96111753A EP 0821332 A1 EP0821332 A1 EP 0821332A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
smoke detector
detector according
peripheral
measuring chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96111753A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Urs Riedi
Bernhard Durrer
Kurt Dr. Hess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Priority to EP96111753A priority Critical patent/EP0821332A1/fr
Priority to ZA9705813A priority patent/ZA975813B/xx
Priority to AU33329/97A priority patent/AU725417B2/en
Priority to KR1019980701585A priority patent/KR20000064237A/ko
Priority to CN97190934A priority patent/CN1198237A/zh
Priority to PL97325923A priority patent/PL325923A1/xx
Priority to PCT/CH1997/000271 priority patent/WO1998003948A1/fr
Publication of EP0821332A1 publication Critical patent/EP0821332A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke detector with a detector insert which can be fastened in a base with an optics module, which is a light source, a light receiver, a Measuring chamber, a central diaphragm, a floor and a labyrinth system on the periphery the aperture arranged in the measuring chamber.
  • an optics module which is a light source, a light receiver, a Measuring chamber, a central diaphragm, a floor and a labyrinth system on the periphery the aperture arranged in the measuring chamber.
  • the optical module is known so designed that disturbing extraneous light and smoke can easily penetrate the measuring chamber.
  • Light source and light receiver are arranged so that no light rays on direct Can get away from the source to the receiver. In the presence of smoke particles In the beam path, the light from the light source is scattered at it and part of it this scattered light falls on the light receiver and causes an electrical signal.
  • the false alarm security of such scattered light smoke detectors depends, among other things, very significantly from the fact that light from the light source is actually only scattered on smoke particles the light receiver arrives, and that the so-called background light is extraneous light from the outside or on parts of the optical module or on other than smoke particles scattered light is suppressed.
  • the background light is suppressed at the known optical smoke detectors, for example also in DE-A-44 12 212 described by absorption of the background light at the peripheral diaphragms, these being arranged rotationally symmetrically relative to the center of the measuring chamber are. Nevertheless, the signal level caused by background light is the so-called Basic pulse, still relatively high, and there is a desire for a reduction of the basic pulse.
  • the invention now provides a smoke detector of the type mentioned the basic pulse is essential compared to the smoke detectors known today is reduced.
  • peripheral panels are arranged so that the angle of incidence emitted by the light source and of the light beam received by the light receiver is constant on the plurality of them is.
  • a preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is thereby characterized that the mentioned angle of incidence and the shape of the peripheral diaphragms are chosen so that the incident and non-absorbed light between as often as possible the peripheral diaphragm is reflected.
  • the scattered-light smoke detector shown consists in a known manner of a detector insert 1, which can be fastened in a base (not shown) which is preferably mounted on the ceiling of the room to be monitored, and a detector hood 2 which is placed over the detector insert 1 and which is in the area of its in the operating state of the Detector against the space to be monitored is provided with smoke inlet slots 3.
  • the detector insert 1 essentially comprises a box-like base body, on the side facing the tip of an optical module 5 surrounded by a side wall 4 and on the side facing the detector base a printed circuit board with evaluation electronics (not shown) are arranged. This detector structure is known and will not be described in more detail here. In this context, reference will be made, for example, to the detectors of the AlgoRex series ( AlgoRex - registered trademark of Cerberus AG) and to European patent application No. 95117405.1.
  • the optics module 5 essentially consists of a light source 6, a light receiver 7, a measuring chamber 8, a labyrinth system on the inside of the side wall 4 arranged peripheral panels 9, a central panel 10 and a bottom 11.
  • the optical axes of the light source formed by an infrared light emitting diode (IRED) 6 and the light receiver 7 are not on a common straight line, but are kinked, with the central one near the intersection Aperture 10 is arranged.
  • the side wall 4 and the bottom 11 shield the measuring chamber 8 against external light from the outside, and the peripheral panels 9 and the central Aperture 10 prevent light rays in a direct path from the light source 6 to Light receiver 7 can get.
  • the peripheral panels 9 also serve to suppress the so-called underground light, which is caused by unwanted scattering or reflections.
  • the intersection of that emitted by the light source 6 Beams and the field of view of the light receiver 7 form the following the actual measuring range referred to as the scattering space.
  • the light source 6 sends short, intense light pulses into the scattering space, the light receiver 7 indeed "sees” the scattering space, but not the light source 6.
  • the light of the Light source 6 is scattered by smoke entering the scattering space, and a part this scattered light falls on the light receiver 7.
  • the receiver signal generated thereby is processed by the electronics.
  • the smoke detector can be next to the optical sensor system contained in the optical module 5, further sensors, for example contain a temperature and / or a gas sensor.
  • the bottom 11 has a sieve or lattice-like structure and is on the outside with star-shaped ribs 12 provided, through which the smoke is brought to the floor. This flows the smoke in the vertical direction into the measuring chamber 8 and into the scattering space.
  • the bottom 11 of the measuring chamber has a funnel-shaped configuration larger distance than is the case with a flat floor.
  • the funnel-shaped area of the base 11 has the Form a pyramid or a truncated pyramid, with all side surfaces of the pyramid have the sieve-like or lattice-like structure already mentioned. 1 is off For the sake of clearer recognition, only one of the pyramid surfaces has one lattice-like structure 13 indicated schematically.
  • the ribs 12 on the outside of the Bottom 11 are preferably arranged along the edges of the pyramid side.
  • the probability of interference from dust particles deposited on the floor 11 is further reduced by special training of the soil.
  • the slats 14, 15 the light receiver 7 against external light from the outside.
  • not all pyramid surfaces are provided with lamellas, but only that of the light source 6 and that opposite the light receiver 7 and that between pyramid surface enclosed between these two surfaces. That of the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 opposite pyramid surfaces are parallel to Base edge of the pyramid oriented longitudinal lamella 14 and the between these surfaces enclosed pyramid surface is with at least one longitudinal lamella 14 and provided with several transverse lamellae 15 oriented perpendicular to this.
  • the longitudinal slats 14 run at least approximately perpendicular to the optical axis of the opposite one Light source or the opposite light receiver.
  • the cross slats 15 serve primarily for the optical decoupling of light source 6 and light receiver 7.
  • the optics module 5 for even better absorption of background light, at least certain parts have of the optics module 5, in particular the peripheral diaphragms 9, the central diaphragm 10 and the the floor of the measuring chamber 8 opposite the floor 11, instead of the previously usual matt surfaces shiny, i.e. reflective, surfaces on.
  • the optics module 5 can still other parts or the entire inner surface of the optical module 5 a shiny Have surface.
  • the production of the shiny surfaces is carried out by means of an injection mold, which at least on the surfaces which are to shine suitable, preferably polished, surface.
  • peripheral panels 9 or at least most of them are not rotationally symmetrical but are arranged so that the Angle of incidence of that emitted by the light source 6 and that of the light receiver 7 received light beam on these diaphragms is constant.
  • Arranged rotationally symmetrical Peripheral diaphragms 9 would be those that rotate by rotating an aperture around the center are formed.
  • Fig. 1 are the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 adjacent Four peripheral screens 9 are not rotationally symmetrical.
  • the angle of incidence is chosen so that the incident and not absorbed light as often as possible is reflected between the peripheral diaphragms 9.
  • the peripheral panels 9 each consist of two angled partial surfaces, their mutual inclination and the distance and the length of the peripheral diaphragms 9 are selected so that the light emitted to the peripheral diaphragms 9 can not get directly onto the inner surface of the side wall 4, but in any case meets a peripheral diaphragm 9 and from this to the adjacent peripheral diaphragm is reflected.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical arrangement of the majority of the peripheral diaphragms 9 leads to better absorption of the background light and thus less stringent requirements for the positioning and component accuracy of the light source 6 and light receiver 7 and a less pollution-prone detector.
  • the peripheral panels 9 are against their Central aperture 10 directed inner edge formed as sharp as possible. That has the The advantage is that little light falls on such a sharp edge and therefore less Light is reflected in a variety of directions.
  • the sharpness is an edge a limit is set by the thickness of the wire used, which meets the requirements to the inner edges of the peripheral panels 9 is not sufficient.
  • detector 1 the desired sharpness of the inner edges is achieved by using the injection molding tool a core is used, which is provided on its for forming the inner edges Periphery has a stepped (serrated or serrated) contour. The single ones Gradations of this contour lie on the inside to form the peripheral diaphragms 9 grooves formed in the injection mold and close them towards the center from. This allows between the grooves of the injection mold and the gradations very sharp edges are formed of the core.
  • peripheral shutters 9 with sharp inner edges and optical module parts (peripheral covers 9, Central aperture 10, ceiling of the measuring chamber 8) with a shiny surface to a striking Reduction of the basic pulse leads, and that the detector is less dusty and is prone to condensation.
  • the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 each arranged in a housing 16 or 17.
  • the two housings 16 and 17, which are worked on the ceiling of the measuring chamber 8, are open at the bottom and are covered on their open side by the floor 11.
  • the housing 16 and 17 At her the central aperture 10 facing front are the housing 16 and 17 each through a window with a Light exit or light entry opening completed.
  • these windows point to known scattered light smoke detectors the difference that they are made in one piece.
  • the windows consist of two parts, one of which is on the ceiling of the Measuring chamber and the other is worked on the floor. When putting on the floor pass problems occur again and again and there is the formation of a light gap between the two window halves and thus to undesirable interference in the transmission and of the reception light. With the one-piece housing windows there are faults of this type excluded and there can be no problems with the positioning accuracy of the two Window halves occur.
  • the top and bottom are Half of the one-piece windows in the manner of the two cutting edges of scissors against each other transferred.
  • the injection molding tool can be designed without side pull, that for each of the two mutually offset halves of the light and the Light entry opening a separate shaped element is provided, so that a precisely defined Shape and a clean surface of these openings is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP96111753A 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée Withdrawn EP0821332A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96111753A EP0821332A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée
ZA9705813A ZA975813B (en) 1996-07-22 1997-06-30 Smoke detector.
AU33329/97A AU725417B2 (en) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Smoke detector
KR1019980701585A KR20000064237A (ko) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 연기 경보 장치
CN97190934A CN1198237A (zh) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 烟感探测器
PL97325923A PL325923A1 (en) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Smoke detecting fire warning sensor
PCT/CH1997/000271 WO1998003948A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Detecteur de fumee

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96111753A EP0821332A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0821332A1 true EP0821332A1 (fr) 1998-01-28

Family

ID=8223021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96111753A Withdrawn EP0821332A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0821332A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20000064237A (fr)
CN (1) CN1198237A (fr)
AU (1) AU725417B2 (fr)
PL (1) PL325923A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998003948A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA975813B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1049060A2 (fr) * 1999-04-29 2000-11-02 Pittway Corporation Chambre miniature de détection optique

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1376504B1 (fr) 2002-06-20 2006-02-22 Siemens Schweiz AG Capteur de fumée par diffusion de lumière
CN104408863A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2015-03-11 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 一种双光路火灾烟雾探测烟室

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3345688A1 (de) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-04 Hartwig Dipl.-Ing. 2409 Scharbeutz Beyersdorf Streulicht - rauchmelder
DE4412212A1 (de) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-13 Hochiki Co Lichtstreuender Rauchdetektor mit reduziertem Nullpunkt-Wahrnehmungsniveau
US5400014A (en) * 1993-07-12 1995-03-21 Detection Systems, Inc. Smoke detector with dark chamber

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3345688A1 (de) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-04 Hartwig Dipl.-Ing. 2409 Scharbeutz Beyersdorf Streulicht - rauchmelder
DE4412212A1 (de) * 1993-04-09 1994-10-13 Hochiki Co Lichtstreuender Rauchdetektor mit reduziertem Nullpunkt-Wahrnehmungsniveau
US5400014A (en) * 1993-07-12 1995-03-21 Detection Systems, Inc. Smoke detector with dark chamber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1049060A2 (fr) * 1999-04-29 2000-11-02 Pittway Corporation Chambre miniature de détection optique
EP1049060A3 (fr) * 1999-04-29 2001-08-29 Pittway Corporation Chambre miniature de détection optique
US6521907B1 (en) 1999-04-29 2003-02-18 Pittway Corporation Miniature photoelectric sensing chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3332997A (en) 1998-02-10
KR20000064237A (ko) 2000-11-06
PL325923A1 (en) 1998-08-17
AU725417B2 (en) 2000-10-12
WO1998003948A1 (fr) 1998-01-29
CN1198237A (zh) 1998-11-04
ZA975813B (en) 1998-01-30

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