EP0821331B1 - Détecteur de fumée - Google Patents

Détecteur de fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0821331B1
EP0821331B1 EP96111752A EP96111752A EP0821331B1 EP 0821331 B1 EP0821331 B1 EP 0821331B1 EP 96111752 A EP96111752 A EP 96111752A EP 96111752 A EP96111752 A EP 96111752A EP 0821331 B1 EP0821331 B1 EP 0821331B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
optical module
measuring chamber
smoke
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96111752A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0821331A1 (fr
Inventor
Urs Riedi
Bernhard Durrer
Kurt Dr. Hess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to ES96111752T priority Critical patent/ES2185728T3/es
Priority to DE59609838T priority patent/DE59609838D1/de
Priority to AT96111752T priority patent/ATE227041T1/de
Priority to EP96111752A priority patent/EP0821331B1/fr
Priority to ZA9705812A priority patent/ZA975812B/xx
Priority to AU33328/97A priority patent/AU725326B2/en
Priority to UA98031426A priority patent/UA52618C2/uk
Priority to RU98107635/09A priority patent/RU2189639C2/ru
Priority to PCT/CH1997/000270 priority patent/WO1998003947A1/fr
Priority to CN97190938A priority patent/CN1198238A/zh
Priority to PL97325922A priority patent/PL184227B1/pl
Priority to KR10-1998-0701679A priority patent/KR100467129B1/ko
Publication of EP0821331A1 publication Critical patent/EP0821331A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0821331B1 publication Critical patent/EP0821331B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke detector with a detector insert which can be fastened in a base with an optics module, which is a light source, a light receiver, a Measuring chamber, a central diaphragm, a floor and a labyrinth system on the periphery the aperture arranged in the measuring chamber.
  • an optics module which is a light source, a light receiver, a Measuring chamber, a central diaphragm, a floor and a labyrinth system on the periphery the aperture arranged in the measuring chamber.
  • the optical module is designed such that disturbing extraneous light and smoke can easily penetrate the measuring chamber.
  • Light source and light receiver are arranged so that no light rays on direct Can get away from the source to the receiver. In the presence of smoke particles In the beam path, the light from the light source is scattered at it and part of it this scattered light falls on the light receiver and causes an electrical signal.
  • the false alarm security of such scattered light smoke detectors depends, among other things, very significantly from the fact that light from the light source is actually only scattered on smoke particles the light receiver arrives, and that the so-called background light is extraneous light from the outside or on parts of the optical module or on other than smoke particles scattered light is suppressed.
  • the background light is suppressed at the known optical smoke detectors, for example also in DE-A-44 12 212 described, by absorption of the background light on matt surfaces, to which Purpose of the corresponding parts of the optical module made of a black plastic with a matt surface. Nevertheless, it is through underground light caused signal level, the so-called basic pulse, is still relatively high, and it exists the desire for a reduction in the basic pulse.
  • the invention now provides a smoke detector of the type mentioned in which the basic pulse is essential compared to the smoke detectors known today is reduced.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that certain, with respect critical to the emergence of background light, parts of the optics module a shiny Have surface and are designed so that the light not absorbed into a defined direction is reflected.
  • the solution according to the invention brings about a drastic reduction in the basic pulse, because the specified direction can be chosen so that it reflects into it Light certainly doesn't bother you. For example, you can choose this direction so that the light that has not been absorbed is reflected several times and thus practically completely destroyed becomes. Because of the shiny black surfaces only about 5% of the striking Light is not absorbed and reflected, it only takes a few reflections or only a fraction of the original underground light that is no longer disturbing is still present is.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is thereby characterized that the parts of the optics module mentioned the peripheral panels, include the central diaphragm and the ceiling of the measuring chamber opposite the floor.
  • a second preferred embodiment is characterized in that other parts or the entire inside of the optics module a glossy surface exhibit.
  • the scattered-light smoke detector shown consists in a known manner of a detector insert 1, which can be fastened in a base (not shown) which is preferably mounted on the ceiling of the room to be monitored, and a detector hood 2 which is placed over the detector insert 1 and which is in the area of its in the operating state of the Detector against the space to be monitored is provided with smoke inlet slots 3.
  • the detector insert 1 essentially comprises a box-like base body, on the side facing the top of the detector an optical module 5 surrounded by a side wall 4 and on the side facing the detector base a printed circuit board with evaluation electronics (not shown) are arranged.
  • This detector structure is known and will not be described in more detail here. In this context, reference is made, for example, to the detectors of the AlgoRex series ( AlgoRex - registered trademark of Cerberus AG) and to European patent application No. 95117405.1.
  • the optics module 5 essentially consists of a light source 6, a light receiver 7, a measuring chamber 8, a labyrinth system on the inside of the side wall 4 arranged peripheral panels 9, a central panel 10 and a bottom 11.
  • the optical axes of the light source formed by an infrared light emitting diode (IRED) 6 and the light receiver 7 are not on a common straight line, but are kinked, with the central one near the intersection Aperture 10 is arranged.
  • the side wall 4 and the bottom 11 shield the measuring chamber 8 against external light from the outside, and the peripheral panels 9 and the central Aperture 10 prevent light rays in a direct path from the light source 6 to Light receiver 7 can get.
  • the peripheral diaphragms 9 are also used for suppression the so-called underground light, which is caused by undesirable scattering or reflections.
  • the cutting area of the emitted by the light source 6 Beams and the field of view of the light receiver 7 form the following the actual measuring range referred to as the scattering space.
  • the light source 6 sends short, intense light pulses into the scattering space, the light receiver 7 indeed "sees” the scattering space, but not the light source 6.
  • the light of the Light source 6 is scattered by smoke entering the scattering space, and a part this scattered light falls on the light receiver 7.
  • the receiver signal generated thereby is processed by the electronics.
  • the smoke detector can be next to the optical sensor system contained in the optical module 5, further sensors, for example contain a temperature and / or a gas sensor.
  • the bottom 11 has a sieve or lattice-like structure and is on the outside with star-shaped ribs 12 provided, through which the smoke is brought to the floor. This flows the smoke in the vertical direction into the measuring chamber 8 and into the spreading space
  • the bottom 11 of the measuring chamber has a funnel-shaped configuration larger distance than is the case with a flat floor.
  • the funnel-shaped area of the base 11 has the Form a pyramid or a truncated pyramid, with all side surfaces the pyramid have the sieve-like or lattice-like structure already mentioned. 1 is off For the sake of clearer recognition, only one of the pyramid surfaces lattice-like structure 13 schematically indicated.
  • the ribs 12 on the outside of the Bottom 11 are preferably arranged along the pyramid side edges.
  • the probability of interference from dust particles deposited on the floor 11 is further reduced by special training of the soil.
  • additionally to shield the floor 11 against light from the measuring chamber 8 shield the slats 14, 15 the light receiver 7 against external light from the outside.
  • not all pyramid surfaces are provided with lamellas, but only that of the light source 6 and that opposite the light receiver 7 and that between pyramid surface enclosed between these two surfaces. That of the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 opposite pyramid surfaces are parallel to Base edge of the pyramid oriented longitudinal slats 14 and those between these surfaces enclosed pyramid surface is with at least one longitudinal lamella 14 and provided with several transverse lamellae 15 oriented perpendicular to this.
  • the longitudinal slats 14 run at least approximately perpendicular to the optical axis of the opposite one Light source or the opposite light receiver.
  • the cross slats 15 serve primarily for the optical decoupling of light source 6 and light receiver 7th
  • the optics module 5 For even better absorption of background light, at least certain parts have of the optics module 5, in particular the peripheral diaphragms 9, the central diaphragm 10 and the the floor of the measuring chamber 8 opposite the floor 11, instead of the previously usual matt surfaces shiny, i.e. reflective, surfaces on. Of course can still other parts or the entire inside of the optics module 5 a shiny Have surface.
  • peripheral panels 9 or at least most of them are not rotationally symmetrical but are arranged so that the Impact angle of that emitted by the light source 6 and that of the light receiver 7 received light beam on these diaphragms is constant.
  • Peripheral diaphragms 9 would be those that rotate by rotating an aperture around the center are formed.
  • those of the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 are adjacent Four peripheral diaphragms 9 each are not rotationally symmetrical.
  • the angle of incidence is chosen so that the incident and not absorbed light as often as possible is reflected between the peripheral diaphragms 9.
  • the peripheral panels 9 each consist of two angled partial surfaces, their mutual inclination and the distance and the length of the peripheral diaphragms 9 are selected so that the light emitted to the peripheral diaphragms 9 can not get directly onto the inner surface of the side wall 4, but in any case meets a peripheral panel 9 and from this to the adjacent peripheral panel is reflected.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical arrangement of the majority of the peripheral diaphragms 9 leads to better absorption of the background light and thus less stringent requirements for the positioning and component accuracy of the light source 6 and light receiver 7 and a less pollution-prone detector.
  • the peripheral covers 9 are against their Central aperture 10 directed inner edge formed as sharp as possible. That has the The advantage that only a little light falls on such a sharp edge and therefore less Light is reflected in a variety of directions.
  • the sharpness is an edge a limit is set by the thickness of the wire used, which meets the requirements to the inner edges of the peripheral panels 9 is not sufficient.
  • detector 1 the desired sharpness of the inner edges is achieved by using the injection mold a core is used, which is provided on its for forming the inner edges Periphery has a stepped (serrated or serrated) contour. The single ones Gradations of this contour lie on the inside to form the peripheral diaphragms 9 grooves formed in the injection mold and close them against the center from. This allows between the grooves of the injection mold and the gradations very sharp edges are formed of the core.
  • peripheral shutters 9 with sharp inner edges and optical module parts (peripheral covers 9, Central aperture 10, ceiling of the measuring chamber 8) with a shiny surface to a striking Reduction of the basic pulse leads and that the detector is less dusty and is prone to condensation.
  • the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 each arranged in a housing 16 or 17.
  • the two housings 16 and 17, which are worked on the ceiling of the measuring chamber 8, are open at the bottom and are covered on their open side by the floor 11.
  • the housing 16 and 17 At her the central aperture 10 facing front are the housing 16 and 17 each through a window with a Light exit or light entry opening completed.
  • these windows point to known scattered light smoke detectors the difference that they are made in one piece.
  • the windows consist of two parts, one of which is on the ceiling of the Measuring chamber and the other is worked on the floor. When putting on the floor pass problems occur again and again and there is the formation of a light gap between the two halves of the window and thus to undesired interference of the transmitter and of the reception light. With the one-piece housing windows there are faults of this type excluded and there can be no problems with the positioning accuracy of the two Window halves occur.
  • the top and bottom are Half of the one-piece windows in the manner of the two cutting edges of scissors against each other added.
  • the injection molding tool can be designed without side pull, that for each of the two mutually offset halves of the light output and the Light entry opening a separate shaped element is provided, so that a precisely defined Shape and a clean surface of these openings is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Détecteur de fumée comportant un insert (1) de détecteur pouvant être fixé dans un socle et pourvu d'un module (5) optique qui comprend une source (6) lumineuse, un récepteur (7) de lumière, une chambre (8) de mesure, un diaphragme (10) central, un fond (11) et un système à labyrinthe avec des diaphragmes (9) disposés sur la périphérie de la chambre (8) de mesure, caractérisé en ce que des parties données du module (5) optique, critiques pour la production de lumière ambiante, possèdent une surface brillante et sont conçues de telle sorte que la lumière non absorbée est réfléchie dans une direction définie.
  2. Détecteur de fumée suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parties précitées du module (5) optique comprennent les diaphragmes (9) périphériques, le diaphragme (10) central et le plafond, opposé au fond (11), de la chambre (8) de mesure.
  3. Détecteur de fumée suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que d'autres parties encore ou la totalité de la face intérieure du module (5) optique possèdent une surface brillante.
  4. Détecteur de fumée suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les diaphragmes (9) périphériques possèdent, à leur extrémité frontale tournée vers le diaphragme (10) central, une arête la plus vive possible.
EP96111752A 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée Expired - Lifetime EP0821331B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES96111752T ES2185728T3 (es) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Detector de humo.
DE59609838T DE59609838D1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder
AT96111752T ATE227041T1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder
EP96111752A EP0821331B1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée
ZA9705812A ZA975812B (en) 1996-07-22 1997-06-03 Smoke detector.
UA98031426A UA52618C2 (uk) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Сигналізатор диму
AU33328/97A AU725326B2 (en) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Smoke detector
RU98107635/09A RU2189639C2 (ru) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Сигнализатор дыма
PCT/CH1997/000270 WO1998003947A1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Detecteur de fumee
CN97190938A CN1198238A (zh) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 烟感探测器
PL97325922A PL184227B1 (pl) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Czujka dymu
KR10-1998-0701679A KR100467129B1 (ko) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 연기경보장치

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96111752A EP0821331B1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0821331A1 EP0821331A1 (fr) 1998-01-28
EP0821331B1 true EP0821331B1 (fr) 2002-10-30

Family

ID=8223020

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96111752A Expired - Lifetime EP0821331B1 (fr) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Détecteur de fumée

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0821331B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100467129B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1198238A (fr)
AT (1) ATE227041T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU725326B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE59609838D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2185728T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL184227B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2189639C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA52618C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998003947A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA975812B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11322006B2 (en) 2018-11-20 2022-05-03 Carrier Corporation Smoke detector

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101512781B (zh) 2006-08-29 2013-01-23 日立化成工业株式会社 导电性粘结薄膜和太阳能电池模块
EP2486553B1 (fr) * 2009-10-05 2015-04-15 Cavius APS Détecteur de fumée
DE202010006632U1 (de) 2010-05-10 2010-08-05 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Rauchmelder und Baueinheit und einem derartigen Rauchmelder
RU2510532C1 (ru) * 2012-07-27 2014-03-27 Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Кб "Света-Лед" Датчик дыма

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3345688C2 (de) * 1983-12-16 1986-06-19 Hartwig Dipl.-Ing. 2409 Scharbeutz Beyersdorf Streulicht - Rauchmelder
JP2648560B2 (ja) * 1993-04-09 1997-09-03 ホーチキ株式会社 散乱光式煙感知器
US5400014A (en) * 1993-07-12 1995-03-21 Detection Systems, Inc. Smoke detector with dark chamber

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11322006B2 (en) 2018-11-20 2022-05-03 Carrier Corporation Smoke detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE227041T1 (de) 2002-11-15
AU725326B2 (en) 2000-10-12
PL325922A1 (en) 1998-08-17
ES2185728T3 (es) 2003-05-01
KR100467129B1 (ko) 2005-05-03
PL184227B1 (pl) 2002-09-30
EP0821331A1 (fr) 1998-01-28
WO1998003947A1 (fr) 1998-01-29
CN1198238A (zh) 1998-11-04
AU3332897A (en) 1998-02-10
DE59609838D1 (de) 2002-12-05
UA52618C2 (uk) 2003-01-15
RU2189639C2 (ru) 2002-09-20
KR20000064239A (ko) 2000-11-06
ZA975812B (en) 1998-01-30

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