EP0821330B1 - Rauchmelder - Google Patents

Rauchmelder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0821330B1
EP0821330B1 EP96111751A EP96111751A EP0821330B1 EP 0821330 B1 EP0821330 B1 EP 0821330B1 EP 96111751 A EP96111751 A EP 96111751A EP 96111751 A EP96111751 A EP 96111751A EP 0821330 B1 EP0821330 B1 EP 0821330B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
base
measuring chamber
smoke alarm
alarm according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96111751A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0821330A1 (de
Inventor
Urs Riedi
Bernhard Durrer
Kurt Dr. Hess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8223019&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0821330(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP96111751A priority Critical patent/EP0821330B1/de
Priority to ES96111751T priority patent/ES2183899T3/es
Priority to DE59609625T priority patent/DE59609625D1/de
Priority to AT96111751T priority patent/ATE223604T1/de
Priority to ZA9705811A priority patent/ZA975811B/xx
Priority to KR10-1998-0701678A priority patent/KR100467130B1/ko
Priority to PCT/CH1997/000269 priority patent/WO1998003946A1/de
Priority to PL97325921A priority patent/PL184244B1/pl
Priority to AU33327/97A priority patent/AU725418B2/en
Priority to RU98107584/09A priority patent/RU2189080C2/ru
Priority to CNB971909334A priority patent/CN1135511C/zh
Priority to UA98031427A priority patent/UA42086C2/ru
Publication of EP0821330A1 publication Critical patent/EP0821330A1/de
Publication of EP0821330B1 publication Critical patent/EP0821330B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke detector with a detector insert which can be fastened in a base and has an optical module which has a light source, a light receiver, a measuring chamber, a floor covering the measuring chamber and a labyrinth system with diaphragms arranged on the periphery of the measuring chamber.
  • smoke detectors of this type which are referred to as scattered-light smoke detectors, and which may optionally contain a further sensor, for example a temperature sensor
  • the optical module is designed in such a way that disturbing extraneous light cannot penetrate and smoke can very easily penetrate the measuring chamber.
  • the light source and light receiver are arranged in such a way that no light rays can get directly from the source to the receiver.
  • the light from the light source In the presence of smoke particles in the beam path, the light from the light source is scattered thereon and part of this scattered light falls on the light receiver and causes an electrical signal. It is obvious that the false alarm security of such scattered-light smoke detectors depends, among other things, on the fact that the light from the light source is only scattered on smoke particles, that is, with the exception of the smoke particles, no other particles can get into the measuring chamber, with the expression particles being the broadest Meaning is to be understood and includes insects, for example. The problem with the insects has been recognized for some time and is solved by an insect screen surrounding the measuring chamber.
  • a scattered light smoke detector known from DE-A-44 12 212 contains a measuring chamber in the form of a round box, which is attached with an end face to a plate connected to the ceiling of the room to be monitored and the side wall of which is formed by an insect screen.
  • the end of the measuring chamber facing away from the plate mentioned and facing the tip is covered by a flat bottom.
  • the base is funnel-shaped and has the shape of a cone or a pyramid.
  • the solution according to the invention brings about a drastic reduction in the interference of dust particles, because they are now much further away from the actual measuring zone than hitherto, as a result of which the probability that light scattered from dust particles reaches the measuring zone has become significantly lower.
  • the optical axes of the light source and light receiver intersect in the area of the center of the measuring chamber and thus also the center of the floor.
  • the base has a sieve or lattice structure and acts as an insect screen. This embodiment has the advantage that the smoke detector has one component less than before, which is associated with a corresponding cost advantage.
  • a second preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is characterized in that the bottom of its inner surface facing the measuring chamber is provided with a plurality of lamellae projecting vertically upwards, and in that the arrangement, number, height and mutual spacing of these lamellae are selected such that against light falling on the floor hits one of the slats before it hits it, and the light receiver only sees the slats from the floor.
  • the inventive design of the floor with the slats directed upward further reduces the probability that light from the beam path in the measuring chamber is scattered on dust particles deposited on the floor.
  • the dust particles will not be deposited on the lamellae, but rather on their base on the inner surface of the floor, and this is an area that is lamellarized from light from the measuring chamber.
  • the slats also act as a shield against external light from the outside, which further increases the measuring reliability of the smoke detector according to the invention.
  • the scattered-light smoke detector shown consists in a known manner of a detector insert 1, which can be fastened in a base (not shown) which is preferably mounted on the ceiling of the room to be monitored, and a detector hood 2 which is placed over the detector insert 1 and which is in the area of its in the operating state of the Detector against the space to be monitored is provided with smoke inlet slots 3.
  • the detector insert 1 essentially comprises a box-like base body, on the side facing the top of the detector an optical module 5 surrounded by a side wall 4 and on the side facing the detector base a printed circuit board with evaluation electronics (not shown) are arranged.
  • This detector structure is known and will not be described in more detail here. In this context, reference is made, for example, to the detectors of the AlgoRex series ( AlgoRex - registered trademark of Cerberus AG) and to European patent application No. 95117405.1.
  • the optics module 5 essentially consists of a light source 6, a light receiver 7, a measuring chamber 8, a labyrinth system on the inside of the side wall 4 arranged peripheral panels 9, a central panel 10 and a bottom 11.
  • the optical axes of the light source formed by an infrared light emitting diode (IRED) 6 and the light receiver 7 are not on a common straight line, but are kinked, with the central one near the intersection Aperture 10 is arranged.
  • the side wall 4 and the bottom 11 shield the measuring chamber 8 against external light from the outside, and the peripheral panels 9 and the central Aperture 10 prevent light rays in a direct path from the light source 6 to Light receiver 7 can get.
  • the peripheral diaphragms 9 are also used for suppression the so-called underground light, which is caused by undesirable scattering or reflections.
  • the intersection of that emitted by the light source 6 Beams and the field of view of the light receiver 7 form the following the actual measuring range referred to as the scattering space.
  • the light source 6 sends short, intense light pulses into the scattering space, the light receiver 7 indeed "sees” the scattering space, but not the light source 6.
  • the light of the Light source 6 is scattered by smoke entering the scattering space, and a part this scattered light falls on the light receiver 7.
  • the receiver signal generated thereby is processed by the electronics.
  • the smoke detector can be next to the optical sensor system contained in the optical module 5, further sensors, for example contain a temperature and / or a gas sensor.
  • the bottom 11 has a sieve or lattice-like structure and is on the outside with star-shaped ribs 12 provided, through which the smoke is brought to the floor. This flows the smoke in the vertical direction into the measuring chamber 8 and into the spreading space.
  • the base 11 has one from the measuring chamber much larger distance than is the case with a flat floor.
  • the Measuring chamber 8 penetrated dust particles that scatter the light from the light source 5 and therefore act like smoke particles, are deposited in the top of the bottom 11 and are are there outside the area of incidence of the radiation from the light source 6, whereby the interference of these smoke particles is drastically reduced.
  • the funnel-shaped area of the base 11 has the Form a pyramid or a truncated pyramid, with all side surfaces the pyramid have the sieve-like or lattice-like structure already mentioned. 1 is off For the sake of clearer recognition, only one of the pyramid surfaces lattice-like structure 13 schematically indicated.
  • the ribs 12 on the outside of the Bottom 11 are preferably arranged along the pyramid side edges.
  • the probability of interference from dust particles deposited on the floor 11 is further reduced by special training of the soil.
  • This increases the risk of scattering of light on dust particles much less, since the dust is much closer to the floor remains to adhere to the vertical walls of the slats.
  • additionally to shield the floor 11 against light from the measuring chamber 8 shield the slats 14, 15 the light receiver 7 against external light from the outside.
  • not all pyramid surfaces are provided with lamellas, but only that of the light source 6 and that opposite the light receiver 7 and that between pyramid surface enclosed between these two surfaces. That of the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 opposite pyramid surfaces are parallel to Base edge of the pyramid oriented longitudinal slats 14 and those between these surfaces enclosed pyramid surface is with at least one longitudinal lamella 14 and provided with several transverse lamellae 15 oriented perpendicular to this.
  • the longitudinal slats 14 run at least approximately perpendicular to the optical axis of the opposite one Light source or the opposite light receiver.
  • the cross slats 15 serve primarily for the optical decoupling of light source 6 and light receiver 7th
  • the optics module 5 For even better absorption of background light, at least certain parts have of the optics module 5, in particular the peripheral diaphragms 9, the central diaphragm 10 and the the floor of the measuring chamber 8 opposite the floor 11, instead of the previously usual matt surfaces shiny, i.e. reflective, surfaces on. Of course can still other parts or the entire inside of the optics module 5 a shiny Have surface.
  • peripheral panels 9 or at least most of them are not rotationally symmetrical but are arranged so that the Impact angle of that emitted by the light source 6 and that of the light receiver 7 received light beam on these diaphragms is constant.
  • Peripheral diaphragms 9 would be those that rotate by rotating an aperture around the center are formed.
  • those of the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 are adjacent Four peripheral diaphragms 9 each are not rotationally symmetrical.
  • the angle of incidence is chosen so that the incident and not absorbed light as often as possible is reflected between the peripheral diaphragms 9.
  • the peripheral panels 9 each consist of two angled partial surfaces, their mutual inclination and the distance and the length of the peripheral diaphragms 9 are selected so that the light emitted to the peripheral diaphragms 9 can not get directly onto the inner surface of the side wall 4, but in any case meets a peripheral panel 9 and from this to the adjacent peripheral panel is reflected.
  • the non-rotationally symmetrical arrangement of the majority of the peripheral diaphragms 9 leads to better absorption of the background light and thus less stringent requirements for the positioning and component accuracy of the light source 6 and light receiver 7 and a less pollution-prone detector.
  • the peripheral covers 9 are against their Central aperture 10 directed inner edge formed as sharp as possible. That has the The advantage that only a little light falls on such a sharp edge and therefore less light is reflected in a variety of directions.
  • the sharpness is an edge a limit is set by the thickness of the wire used, which meets the requirements to the inner edges of the peripheral panels 9 is not sufficient.
  • detector 1 the desired sharpness of the inner edges is achieved by using the injection mold a core is used, which is provided on its for forming the inner edges Periphery has a stepped (serrated or serrated) contour. The single ones Gradations of this contour lie on the inside to form the peripheral diaphragms 9 grooves formed in the injection mold and close them against the center from. This allows between the grooves of the injection mold and the gradations very sharp edges are formed of the core.
  • peripheral shutters 9 with sharp inner edges and optical module parts (peripheral covers 9, Central aperture 10, ceiling of the measuring chamber 8) with a shiny surface to a striking Reduction of the basic pulse leads and that the detector is less dusty and becomes susceptible to condensation.
  • the light source 6 and the light receiver 7 each arranged in a housing 16 or 17.
  • the two housings 16 and 17, which are worked on the ceiling of the measuring chamber 8, are open at the bottom and are covered on their open side by the floor 11.
  • the housing 16 and 17 At her the central aperture 10 facing front are the housing 16 and 17 each through a window with a Light exit or light entry opening completed. These windows face the Housing windows of known scattered-light smoke detectors make the difference that they are in one piece are trained.
  • the windows consist of two parts, from one worked on the ceiling of the measuring chamber and the other on the floor is.
  • the floor When fitting the floor, there are always problems with fitting and it comes to the formation of a light gap between the two halves of the window and thus unwanted interference in the transmitted and received light.
  • windows Disruptions of this kind are excluded and no problems can arise occur with the positioning accuracy of the two window halves.
  • the top and bottom are Half of the one-piece windows in the manner of the two cutting edges of scissors against each other added.
  • the injection molding tool can be designed without side pull, that for each of the two mutually offset halves of the light output and the Light entry opening a separate shaped element is provided, so that a precisely defined Shape and a clean surface of these openings is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP96111751A 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder Expired - Lifetime EP0821330B1 (de)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96111751A EP0821330B1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder
ES96111751T ES2183899T3 (es) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 .etector de humos
DE59609625T DE59609625D1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder
AT96111751T ATE223604T1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder
ZA9705811A ZA975811B (en) 1996-07-22 1997-06-30 Smoke detector.
PCT/CH1997/000269 WO1998003946A1 (de) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Rauchmelder
KR10-1998-0701678A KR100467130B1 (ko) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 연기경보장치
PL97325921A PL184244B1 (pl) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Czujka dymu
AU33327/97A AU725418B2 (en) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Smoke detector
RU98107584/09A RU2189080C2 (ru) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Сигнализатор дыма
CNB971909334A CN1135511C (zh) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 烟感探测器
UA98031427A UA42086C2 (ru) 1996-07-22 1997-07-15 Сигнализатор дыма

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96111751A EP0821330B1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0821330A1 EP0821330A1 (de) 1998-01-28
EP0821330B1 true EP0821330B1 (de) 2002-09-04

Family

ID=8223019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96111751A Expired - Lifetime EP0821330B1 (de) 1996-07-22 1996-07-22 Rauchmelder

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0821330B1 (ru)
KR (1) KR100467130B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN1135511C (ru)
AT (1) ATE223604T1 (ru)
AU (1) AU725418B2 (ru)
DE (1) DE59609625D1 (ru)
ES (1) ES2183899T3 (ru)
PL (1) PL184244B1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2189080C2 (ru)
UA (1) UA42086C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO1998003946A1 (ru)
ZA (1) ZA975811B (ru)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1376504B1 (de) * 2002-06-20 2006-02-22 Siemens Schweiz AG Streulichtrauchmelder
ES2260357T3 (es) 2002-06-20 2006-11-01 Siemens Schweiz Ag Detector de incendios.
EP1732049A1 (en) 2005-06-10 2006-12-13 Siemens S.A.S. Fire or smoke detector with high false alarm rejection performance
EP1768074A1 (de) 2005-09-21 2007-03-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Frühzeitige Detektion von Bränden
RU2340947C2 (ru) * 2007-06-15 2008-12-10 Валерий Васильевич Овчинников Пожарный дымовой оптико-электронный извещатель
CN101413889B (zh) * 2007-10-17 2010-08-11 同方泰德国际科技(北京)有限公司 一种对射型光电感烟探测器
US20110170261A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2011-07-14 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic apparatus, illuminating device, display device and television receiver
RU2509369C1 (ru) * 2012-07-05 2014-03-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Инженерно-техническая компания ИРСЭТ-Центр" Оптический датчик дыма
RU2646195C1 (ru) * 2014-07-14 2018-03-01 Фенвал Контролз Оф Джэпэн, Лтд. Фотоэлектрический детектор дыма
CN104459817B (zh) * 2014-12-16 2017-01-25 公安部沈阳消防研究所 一种火灾征兆探测装置及方法
EP3699882A1 (en) * 2015-05-15 2020-08-26 Google LLC Smoke detector chamber architecture and related methods
KR101772822B1 (ko) * 2016-09-26 2017-08-29 이병권 이중격벽 암실구조를 갖는 광전식 연기감지기
RU187749U1 (ru) * 2018-08-31 2019-03-18 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Элеста" Датчик дыма
DE102019110336A1 (de) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Jörg Flemming Rauchmelder
CN110443972B (zh) * 2019-09-12 2024-02-06 深圳市高新投三江电子股份有限公司 一种迷宫背景值控制方法
JP2023102460A (ja) * 2022-01-12 2023-07-25 ニデックプレシジョン株式会社 シャッター機構及び検査装置
RU210429U1 (ru) * 2022-01-31 2022-04-15 Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина Датчик дымовой оптико-электронный для условий, осложненных наличием внутри помещения взвешенных частиц цемента

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3727056A (en) * 1972-03-03 1973-04-10 Electro Signal Lab Photon couplers with solid state lamps
US4539556A (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-09-03 Pittway Corporation Combustion products detector with accelerated test
DE3334545A1 (de) * 1983-09-23 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Optischer rauchmelder
JP2648560B2 (ja) * 1993-04-09 1997-09-03 ホーチキ株式会社 散乱光式煙感知器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2183899T3 (es) 2003-04-01
ATE223604T1 (de) 2002-09-15
CN1135511C (zh) 2004-01-21
PL184244B1 (pl) 2002-09-30
WO1998003946A1 (de) 1998-01-29
PL325921A1 (en) 1998-08-17
CN1198236A (zh) 1998-11-04
ZA975811B (en) 1998-02-04
KR20000064238A (ko) 2000-11-06
DE59609625D1 (de) 2002-10-10
AU725418B2 (en) 2000-10-12
AU3332797A (en) 1998-02-10
KR100467130B1 (ko) 2005-06-02
EP0821330A1 (de) 1998-01-28
RU2189080C2 (ru) 2002-09-10
UA42086C2 (ru) 2001-10-15

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