EP0819213B1 - Device for detecting a leak in a fuel-supply system - Google Patents
Device for detecting a leak in a fuel-supply system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0819213B1 EP0819213B1 EP96902879A EP96902879A EP0819213B1 EP 0819213 B1 EP0819213 B1 EP 0819213B1 EP 96902879 A EP96902879 A EP 96902879A EP 96902879 A EP96902879 A EP 96902879A EP 0819213 B1 EP0819213 B1 EP 0819213B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- pressure
- control unit
- leak
- supply system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
- F02M65/006—Measuring or detecting fuel leakage of fuel injection apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
- F02B77/088—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices relating to tightness
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0205—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
- F02M69/462—Arrangement of fuel conduits, e.g. with valves for maintaining pressure in the pipes after the engine being shut-down
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
- F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
- F02D2041/225—Leakage detection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2231/00—Fail safe
- F23N2231/18—Detecting fluid leaks
Definitions
- the invention is based on a device for detection a leak in a fuel supply system at one Internal combustion engine according to the type of the main claim (see e.g. JP-A-4 350 358).
- the Fuel with the help of an electric fuel pump from the Fuel tank promoted and via fuel lines fed to the injectors. Excess fuel usually gets into the via a return line Fuel tank back. So that is always sufficient Amount of fuel available is the fuel conveyed by the electric fuel pump with an overpressure, the electric fuel pump is regulated in a suitable manner, for example by the fuel pressure is measured and used for evaluation.
- DE-OS 40 40 896 or Device for checking the tightness of a tank ventilation system it is checked whether after opening the tank ventilation valve the negative pressure building up in the tank the predicted way changes. To do this, the entire facility monitored for functionality and there is a Assessment of the system as not working if the Vacuum build-up gradient below a predefinable threshold lies.
- the inventive device with the features of Main claim has the advantage that the entire Fuel supply system to be monitored for leaks can.
- the simplicity of the invention is particularly advantageous Facility that most conventional Fuel supply systems without the use of complex additional Components can be used.
- This advantage is achieved by using a pressure sensor the fuel pressure is measured and after switching off the electric fuel pump is checked whether the excess pressure in the fuel supply system in a predetermined Way changes. If not, you can immediately can be detected that a leak or a leak in the fuel supply system is available.
- the leak detection can advantageously also with special Operating conditions of the internal combustion engine take place, for example if the control unit detects an engine overrun phase, in which the engine during the fuel cut-off Injectors are no longer supplied with fuel. The electric fuel pump is then activated during overrun fuel cut-off switched off and then the leak diagnosis is carried out.
- Leak diagnosis during overrun operation has the advantages that it can be done more often, that during a trip is repeatable and that to carry out the Diagnosis no control unit overrun is required.
- the Fuel tank designated 10 in the fuel tank is the fuel pump 11, usually one Electric fuel pump and a check valve 12, the is integrated into the fuel pump 11, for example.
- the flow 13 leads from the fuel pump 11 to the fuel Distributor 14 through which the fuel to the injectors 15 is supplied.
- the regulation of the fuel pressure takes place with the help of the pressure regulator 16, which is used in a fuel supply system with a fuel return line or return 17 via the return 17 and, if appropriate a pressure maintaining valve 18 with the fuel tank 10 in Connection is established and possibly via a connection 28 with the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.
- the fuel tank 10 is via a line 19, in which a vent valve 20 is located connected to the intake manifold 21 of the internal combustion engine. Between the fuel tank 10 and the vent valve 20 still an adsorption filter 22 in which the fuel vapors to be caught.
- Control unit 23 This is used to control or regulate the internal combustion engine Control unit 23 to which the required sizes are supplied or which emits the required control signals.
- Control unit perform the necessary calculations.
- the Leakage detection according to the invention is also in the control unit performed.
- a pressure sensor 24 is shown, the pressure p of the Fuel in the distributor 14 measures.
- a differential pressure sensor 25 can be present, which via a line 26 is connected to the return 17 and measures the differential pressure ⁇ p.
- connections, via the controls take place, the connection is indicated in the figure between the control unit 23 and the fuel pump 11 and the connection between the control unit and the Vent valve 20, depending on the prevailing conditions is closed or open. Furthermore, a connection between the control unit 23 and the pressure regulator 16 his.
- the check valve 12 in the fuel circuit for example is integrated in the fuel pump 11 holds after switching off the fuel pump the system pressure p still upright for some time.
- the pressure sensor 24 which measures the fuel pressure p. Even after parking of the fuel pump 11, this pressure is measured and evaluated in the control unit. From the pressure curve obtained can the control unit or the one contained in the control unit Microprocessor determine the pressure gradient.
- This pressure gradient which serves as a measure of the change in pressure, can after one of the known gradient determination methods
- the pressure gradient can be two Pressure values are determined at a predeterminable time interval were determined from each other.
- the threshold SW to be determined is determined in the Control unit for the presence of a leak or one Leaks closed and, for example, a display 27 or warning signals can be given.
- a sensor with an analog output variable can be used as the pressure sensor 24 used, it is also possible to use a contact switch use, in which the pressure gradient gradp over the time between switching off the fuel pump and the switching time of the switch when falling below one predetermined system pressure is determined.
- the pressure sensor 24 is preferably on the in the figure shown position arranged, but it can also elsewhere. With return-free fuel supply systems can do the entire fuel system be monitored when the pressure sensor 24 on the in the Figure specified location is installed.
- Fuel supply systems with a fuel return 17 can also be completely monitored, that is to say also in the return area, provided that in addition to the check valve 12 on the fuel pump 11, a pressure control valve 18 is also attached to the outlet opening of the return line in the fuel tank. It is then possible to monitor not only the flow area, but also the return area until it exits the fuel tank.
- a differential pressure sensor 25 is used as the pressure sensor, which measures the differential pressure ⁇ p between the fuel supply and the return, for example on the fuel pressure regulator.
- a misfire detection can be performed from the combination of detection misfires on a particular injector and at the same time detected leak in the fuel system a leaky injector will be closed and thereby possible engine damage prevents or the leaky valve be localized right away.
- the control unit can detect the leak every time it is switched off the fuel pump, it is also possible that this detection only under predefinable conditions takes place, for example, only after long activation of the Fuel pump. Since the leak detection method in Control unit of the internal combustion engine runs, it is in the case of such a detection, an "on-board diagnosis". The Detection of an existing leak in the fuel supply system or directly in an injector can in one Memory of the control unit 23 are stored and is then the next time you visit the workshop as information.
- the leak detection after switching off the fuel pump and thus also takes place after the internal combustion engine has been switched off is a follow-up of the control unit sufficient Duration required, d. H. the control unit must be switched off the BKM can still be supplied with voltage the required functions can still run. If if the diagnosis is to be made in batches, it is necessary that the fuel pump from the control unit directly, i.e. independently can be controlled by the ignition lock.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Einrichtung zur Erkennung eines Lecks in einem Kraftstoffversorgungssystem bei einer Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs (siehe z.B. JP-A-4 350 358).The invention is based on a device for detection a leak in a fuel supply system at one Internal combustion engine according to the type of the main claim (see e.g. JP-A-4 350 358).
Bei Kraftfahrzeugen mit einer Brennkraftmaschine wird der Kraftstoff mit Hilfe einer Elektrokraftstoffpumpe aus dem Kraftstoffbehälter gefördert und über Kraftstoffleitungen den Einspritzventilen zugeführt. Überschüssiger Kraftstoff gelangt üblicherweise über eine Rücklaufleitung in den Kraftstoffbehälter zurück. Damit stets eine ausreichende Menge an Kraftstoff zur Verfügung steht, wird der Kraftstoff von der Elektrokraftstoffpumpe mit einem Überdruck gefördert, dabei erfolgt die Regelung der Elektrokraftstoffpumpe in geeigneter Weise, indem beispielsweise der Kraftstoffdruck gemessen und zur Auswertung verwendet wird.In motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine, the Fuel with the help of an electric fuel pump from the Fuel tank promoted and via fuel lines fed to the injectors. Excess fuel usually gets into the via a return line Fuel tank back. So that is always sufficient Amount of fuel available is the fuel conveyed by the electric fuel pump with an overpressure, the electric fuel pump is regulated in a suitable manner, for example by the fuel pressure is measured and used for evaluation.
Bei einigen Kraftstoffversorgungssystemen wird auf die Rücklaufleitung verzichtet, es erfolgt eine bedarfsorientierte Regelung der Kraftstoffördermenge. Bei beiden Kraftstoffversorgungssystemen ist es erforderlich, ein Leck bzw. eine Undichtheit im Kraftstoffkreislauf sicher und zuverlässig zu erkennen, da andernfalls austretender Kraftstoff oder austretende Kraftstoffdämpfe zum einen zu unzulässigen Emissionswerten führen könnten und da zum anderen bei undichten Einspritzventilen unter Umständen Motorschäden auftreten könnten, wenn infolge der undichten Einspritzventile ungewollt Kraftstoff in einen Motorzylinder gelangen könnte.Some fuel supply systems use the return line waived, there is a needs-based Regulation of the fuel flow. With both fuel supply systems there is a need for a leak or leak in the fuel circuit safely and reliably detect that otherwise escaping fuel or escaping On the one hand, fuel vapors are inadmissible Emission values could lead to leaks Injectors may experience engine damage could, if due to the leaky injection valves could accidentally get fuel into an engine cylinder.
Ausgehend von dieser Problemstellung sind bereits Verfahren bzw. Vorrichtungen bekannt, mit deren Hilfe undichte Einspritzventile erkannt werden können oder mit deren Hilfe im Zusammenhang mit einem Tankentlüftungssystem eine Leckerkennung durchgeführt wird. Solche Verfahren bzw. Vorrichtungen sind beispielsweise in der DE-OS 42 43 178 oder der DE-OS 40 40 896 beschrieben. Dabei wird in der DE-OS 42 43 178 ein Verfahren angegeben, bei dem undichte Einspritzventile erkannt werden, indem jeweils beim Start der Brennkraftmaschine auch Zylinder gezündet werden, in die noch kein Kraftstoff eingespritzt wurde. Führen solche Zündungen zu einem erkennbaren Anstieg der Drehzahl, muß das zugehörige Einspritzventil undicht sein, so daß Kraftstoff in den betreffenden Zylinder gelangen konnte.Based on this problem, there are already procedures or devices known, with the help of leaky injection valves can be recognized or with the help of Leak detection in connection with a tank ventilation system is carried out. Such methods or devices are for example in DE-OS 42 43 178 or DE-OS 40 40 896 described. It is in the DE-OS 42 43 178 specified a method in which leaks Injectors can be detected by starting each time the internal combustion engine can also be fired into cylinders no fuel has been injected yet. Lead such Ignitions to a noticeable increase in speed must be Associated injector leak, so that fuel could get into the cylinder in question.
Bei dem aus der DE-OS 40 40 896 bekannten Verfahren bzw. der Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen der Dichtheit eines Tankentlüftungssystems wird geprüft, ob nach dem Öffnen des Tankentlüftungsventils sich der im Tank aufbauende Unterdruck in der vorhergesagten Weise ändert. Dazu wird die gesamte Anlage auf Funktionsfähigkeit überwacht und es erfolgt eine Beurteilung der Anlage als nicht funktionsfähig, wenn der Unterdruckaufbaugradient unter einem vorgebbaren Schwellwert liegt.In the method known from DE-OS 40 40 896 or Device for checking the tightness of a tank ventilation system it is checked whether after opening the tank ventilation valve the negative pressure building up in the tank the predicted way changes. To do this, the entire facility monitored for functionality and there is a Assessment of the system as not working if the Vacuum build-up gradient below a predefinable threshold lies.
Beide bekannten Systeme zur Erkennung von Undichtheiten in einem Teilbereich des Kraftstoffversorgungssystems einer Brennkraftmaschine sind entweder ziemlich aufwendig oder gewährleisten nicht, daß eine Leckerkennung im gesamten Kraftstoffversorgungssystem möglich ist.Both known leak detection systems in a portion of the fuel supply system Internal combustion engines are either quite expensive or ensure not that leak detection in the entire fuel supply system is possible.
Die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß das gesamte Kraftstoffversorgungssystem auf Dichtheit überwacht werden kann. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Einfachheit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung, die bei den meisten herkömmlichen Kraftstoffversorgungssystemen ohne Einsatz aufwendiger zusätzlicher Bauelemente eingesetzt werden kann.The inventive device with the features of Main claim has the advantage that the entire Fuel supply system to be monitored for leaks can. The simplicity of the invention is particularly advantageous Facility that most conventional Fuel supply systems without the use of complex additional Components can be used.
Erzielt wird dieser Vorteil, indem mit Hilfe eines Drucksensors der Kraftstoffdruck gemessen wird und indem nach Abschalten der Elektrokraftstoffpumpe überprüft wird, ob sich der Überdruck im Kraftstoffversorgungssystem in einer vorgebbaren Weise ändert. Ist dies nicht der Fall, kann sofort erkannt werden, daß ein Leck bzw. eine Undichtheit im Kraftstoffversorgungssystem vorhanden ist.This advantage is achieved by using a pressure sensor the fuel pressure is measured and after switching off the electric fuel pump is checked whether the excess pressure in the fuel supply system in a predetermined Way changes. If not, you can immediately can be detected that a leak or a leak in the fuel supply system is available.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung werden durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen erzielt. Dabei ist besonders vorteilhaft, daß die Leckerkennung als sogenannte "on-board-Diagnose" durchführbar ist und beispielsweise im Steuergerät des Kraftfahrzeuges abläuft. Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, daß die Leckerkennung sowohl bei Kraftstoff Systemen mit Rücklauf als auch bei solchen ohne Rücklaufleitung eingesetzt werden kann.Further advantages of the invention are shown in the Measures listed in subclaims achieved. It is particularly advantageous that the leak detection as a so-called "on-board diagnosis" is feasible and, for example, in Control unit of the motor vehicle expires. It is also advantageous that leak detection in both fuel systems with return as well as those without return line can be used.
In Verbindung mit anderen Auswertungen und Fehlererkennungen, die im Steuergerät ablaufen, kann genau erkannt werden, welches Einspritzventil undicht ist. Dies ist beispielsweise möglich, indem die Leckerkennung mit einem Verfahren zur Verbrennungsaussetzererkennung kombiniert wird. In connection with other evaluations and error detection, that run in the control unit can be recognized exactly which injector is leaking. For example, this is possible by the leak detection with a method for Misfire detection is combined.
Die Leckerkennung kann vorteilhafterweise auch bei speziellen Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgen, beispielsweise wenn das Steuergerät eine Motorschubphase erkennt, in der dem Motor während der Schubabschaltung den Einspritzventilen kein Kraftstoff mehr zugeführt wird. Während der Schubabschaltung wird dann die Elektrokraftstoffpumpe abgeschaltet und danach die Leckdiagnose durchgeführt.The leak detection can advantageously also with special Operating conditions of the internal combustion engine take place, for example if the control unit detects an engine overrun phase, in which the engine during the fuel cut-off Injectors are no longer supplied with fuel. The electric fuel pump is then activated during overrun fuel cut-off switched off and then the leak diagnosis is carried out.
Eine Leckdiagnose während des Schubbetriebes hat die Vorteile, daß sie öfters durchgeführt werden kann, daß sie während einer Fahrt wiederholbar ist und daß zur Durchführung der Diagnose kein Steuergerätenachlauf erforderlich ist.Leak diagnosis during overrun operation has the advantages that it can be done more often, that during a trip is repeatable and that to carry out the Diagnosis no control unit overrun is required.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt die einzige Figur schematisch die wesentlichen Bestandteile eines Kraftstoffversorgungssystems, in dem die erfindungsgemäße Leckerkennung ablaufen kann.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and is described in more detail in the following description explained. The only figure shows schematically the essential components of a fuel supply system, in which the leak detection according to the invention take place can.
In der Figur sind die für das Verständnis der Erfindung erforderlichen
Bestandteile eines Kraftstoffversorgungssystemes
einer Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt. Dabei ist der
Kraftstoffbehälter mit 10 bezeichnet, im Kraftstoffbehälter
befindet sich die Kraftstoffpumpe 11, üblicherweise eine
Elektrokraftstoffpumpe sowie ein Rückschlagventil 12, das
beispielsweise in die Kraftstoffpumpe 11 integriert ist. In the figure are those necessary for understanding the invention
Components of a fuel supply system
an internal combustion engine shown. Here is the
Fuel tank designated 10 in the fuel tank
is the
Von der Kraftstoffpumpe 11 führt der Vorlauf 13 zum Kraftstoff
Verteiler 14, über den der Kraftstoff den Einspritzventilen
15 zugeführt wird. Die Regelung des Kraftstoffdruckes
erfolgt mit Hilfe des Druckreglers 16, der bei einem Kraftstoffversorgungssystem
mit einer Kraftstoffrückführleitung
bzw. Rücklauf 17 über den Rücklauf 17 sowie gegebenenfalls
ein Druckhalteventil 18 mit dem Kraftstoffbehälter 10 in
Verbindung steht und gegebenenfalls über eine Verbindung 28
mit dem Saugrohr der Brennkraftmaschine.The
Zur Entlüftung ist der Kraftstoffbehälter 10 über eine Leitung
19, in der sich ein Entlüftungsventil 20 befindet mit
dem Saugrohr 21 der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden. Zwischen
dem Kraftstoffbehälter 10 und dem Entlüftungsventil 20 ist
noch ein Adsorbtionsfilter 22 vorhanden, in dem die Kraftstoffdämpfe
aufgefangen werden.For ventilation, the
Zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Brennkraftmaschine dient das
Steuergerät 23, dem die erforderlichen Größen zugeführt werden
bzw. das die erforderlichen Ansteuersignale abgibt. Im
Steuergerät laufen die erforderlichen Berechnungen ab. Die
erfindungsgemäße Leckerkennung wird ebenfalls im Steuergerät
vorgenommen.This is used to control or regulate the internal combustion
Die Messung der zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung benötigten Größe
erfolgt mit Hilfe geeigneter Sensoren. In der Figur ist zum
einen ein Drucksensor 24 dargestellt, der den Druck p des
Kraftstoffs im Verteiler 14 mißt. Alternativ zum Drucksensor
24 kann ein Differenzdrucksensor 25 vorhanden sein, der über
eine Leitung 26 mit dem Rücklauf 17 in Verbindung steht und
den Differenzdruck δp mißt. Als Verbindungen, über die Ansteuerungen
erfolgen, sind in der Figur angegeben die Verbindung
zwischen dem Steuergerät 23 und der Kraftstoffpumpe
11 sowie die Verbindung zwischen dem Steuergerät und dem
Entlüftungsventil 20, das je nach herrschenden Bedingungen
geschlossen oder geöffnet ist. Weiterhin kann eine Verbindung
zwischen dem Steuergerät 23 und dem Druckregler 16 vorhanden
sein.The measurement of the size required for control
takes place with the help of suitable sensors. In the figure is for
Mit der in der Figur dargestellten Einrichtung kann die
Kraftstoffversorgungssystemleckdiagnose ablaufen. Die Leckdiagnose
kann unter folgenden Randbedingungen ablaufen:
Das Rückschlagventil 12 im Kraftstoffkreislauf, das beispielsweise
in der Kraftstoffpumpe 11 integriert ist, hält
nach dem Abschalten der Kraftstoffpumpe den Systemdruck p
noch einige Zeit aufrecht. Im Kraftstoffversorgungssystem
liegt auf der Druckseite des Rückschlagventils 12 der Drucksensor
24, der den Kraftstoffdruck p mißt. Auch nach dem Abstellen
des Kraftstoffpumpe 11 wird dieser Druck gemessen
und im Steuergerät ausgewertet. Aus dem erhaltenen Druckverlauf
kann das Steuergerät bzw. der im Steuergerät enthaltene
Mikroprozessor den Druckgradienten ermitteln. Dieser Druckgradient,
der als Maß für die Druckänderung dient, kann nach
einer der bekannten Gradientenermittlungsmethoden bestimmt
werden, beispielsweise kann der Druckgradient aus zwei
Druckwerten ermittelt werden, die in einem vorgebbaren Zeitabstand
voneinander ermittelt wurden.The
Ist der ermittelte Druckgradient steiler als eine in geeigneter
Weise festzulegende Schwelle SW, wird im
Steuergerät auf das Vorliegen einer Undichtheit bzw. eines
Lecks geschlossen und es kann beispielsweise eine Anzeige 27
erfolgen bzw. es können Warnsignale abgegeben werden.If the determined pressure gradient is steeper than an appropriate one
The threshold SW to be determined is determined in the
Control unit for the presence of a leak or one
Leaks closed and, for example, a
Als Drucksensor 24 kann ein Sensor mit analoger Ausgangsgröße
verwendet werden, es ist auch möglich, einen Kontaktschalter
einzusetzen, bei dem der Druckgradient gradp über
die Zeit zwischen dem Ausschalten der Kraftstoffpumpe und
dem Schaltzeitpunkt des Schalters bei Unterschreitung eines
vorzugebenden Systemsdrucks bestimmt wird.A sensor with an analog output variable can be used as the
Der Drucksensor 24 wird vorzugsweise an der in der Figur
dargestellten Stelle angeordnet, er kann sich aber auch an
anderer Stelle befinden. Bei rücklauffreien Kraftstoffversorgungssystemen
kann dabei das gesamte Kraftstoffsystem
überwacht werden, wenn der Drucksensor 24 an der in der
Figur angegebenen Stelle eingebaut wird.The
Kraftstoffversorgungssysteme mit Kraftstoffrücklauf 17 können
ebenfalls vollständig überwacht werden, also auch im
Rücklaufbereich, sofern zusätzlich zu dem Rückschlagventil
12 an der Kraftstoffpumpe 11 noch ein Druckhalteventil 18 an
der Austrittsöffnung der Rücklaufleitung im Kraftstoffbehälter
angebracht wird. Es ist dann möglich, nicht nur den Vorlauf-,
sondern auch den Rücklaufbereich bis zum Austritt in
den Kraftstoffbehälter zu überwachen. Als Drucksensor wird
in diesem Fall ein Differenzdrucksensor 25 verwendet, der
den Differenzdruck δp zwischen dem Kraftstoffvorlauf und dem
Rücklauf mißt, beispielsweise am Kraftstoffdruckregler. Bei
Undichtheiten im Vorlauf ist der Gradient des Differenzdrucks
grad δp (mit δp= [pVorlauf - pRücklauf]), welcher
wiederum im Steuergerät ermittelt wird, nach Abschalten der
Kraftstoffpumpe zunächst kleiner als bei dichten Systemen,
bei Undichtheiten im Rücklauf ist der Differenzdruckgradient
grad δp nach Abschalten der Kraftstoffpumpe zunächst größer
als bei dichten Systemen. Über die Auswertung des Differenzdruck-Gradienten
δp und Vergleich mit zwei anzupassenden
oberen und unteren Schwellwerten SWo und SWu kann im Steuergerät
die Leckerkennung erfolgen und eine entsprechende Anzeige
erfolgen.Fuel supply systems with a
Bei einem System mit einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei der im Steuergerät ohnehin eine Verbrennungsaussetzererkennung durchgeführt wird, kann aus der Kombination der Erkennung von Verbrennungsaussetzern an einem bestimmten Einspritzventil und gleichzeitig erkanntem Leck im Kraftstoffsystem auf ein undichtes Einspritzventil geschlossen werden und dadurch ein möglicher Motorschaden verhindert oder das undichte Ventil gleich richtig lokalisiert werden.In a system with an internal combustion engine, in which Control unit anyway a misfire detection can be performed from the combination of detection misfires on a particular injector and at the same time detected leak in the fuel system a leaky injector will be closed and thereby possible engine damage prevents or the leaky valve be localized right away.
Die Leckerkennung kann vom Steuergerät nach jedem Abschalten
der Kraftstoffpumpe durchgeführt werden, es ist auch möglich,
daß diese Erkennung nur unter vorgebbaren Bedingungen
erfolgt, beispielsweise nur nach längerer Einschaltung der
Kraftstoffpumpe. Da das Verfahren zur Leckerkennung im
Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine abläuft, handelt es sich
bei einer solchen Erkennung um eine "on-board-Diagnose". Die
Erkennung eines vorhandenen Lecks im Kraftstoffversorgungssystem
oder direkt in einem Einspritzventil kann in einem
Speicher des Steuergerätes 23 abgelegt werden und steht dann
beim nächsten Werkstattbesuch als Information zur Verfügung. The control unit can detect the leak every time it is switched off
the fuel pump, it is also possible
that this detection only under predefinable conditions
takes place, for example, only after long activation of the
Fuel pump. Since the leak detection method in
Control unit of the internal combustion engine runs, it is
in the case of such a detection, an "on-board diagnosis". The
Detection of an existing leak in the fuel supply system
or directly in an injector can in one
Memory of the
Falls die Leckerkennung nach Abschalten der Kraftstoffpumpe und damit auch nach Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt, ist ein Nachlauf des Steuergerätes von ausreichender Dauer erforderlich, d. h. das Steuergerät muß nach dem Abschalten der BKM noch mit Spannung versorgt werden, damit die erforderlichen Funktionen noch ablaufen können. Falls die Diagnose im Schub erfolgen soll, ist es erforderlich, daß die Kraftstoffpumpe vom Steuergerät direkt, also unabhängig vom Zündschloß angesteuert werden kann.If the leak detection after switching off the fuel pump and thus also takes place after the internal combustion engine has been switched off, is a follow-up of the control unit sufficient Duration required, d. H. the control unit must be switched off the BKM can still be supplied with voltage the required functions can still run. If if the diagnosis is to be made in batches, it is necessary that the fuel pump from the control unit directly, i.e. independently can be controlled by the ignition lock.
Claims (5)
- Device for detecting a leak in a fuel supply system in an internal combustion engine, with a control unit (23) for controlling and regulating the internal combustion engine, to which control unit the necessary quantities are supplied and which carries out the necessary calculations and forms corresponding trigger quantities, with a fuel supply system, in which the fuel is conveyed under pressure by a fuel pump (11) out of the fuel tank and passes via corresponding lines to the injection valves (15), and with a pressure sensor (24) which continuously measures the fuel pressure and supplies the measured quantities to the control unit (23), which determines the profile of the fuel pressure to the cut-off of the fuel pump (11), compares the profile with a predeterminable profile and, when deviations are detected, sets off a fault indication, characterized in that the control unit (23) carries out overrun detection, and in that, when the overrun condition is detected, the electric fuel pump (11) is cut off by means of triggering by the control unit (23) and leak detection is carried out.
- Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor used is a differential-pressure sensor which measures the differential pressure between a fuel forward run and fuel return run, and in that the gradient of the differential pressure (GRADδP) is determined after the shut-off of the fuel pump and this gradient is compared with at least one lower and upper threshold value (SWu and SWo), and a fault is detected when the gradient of the differential pressure is higher than the upper threshold value (SWo) or lower than the lower threshold value (SWu).
- Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the pressure sensor for measuring the fuel pressure p is arranged in the distributor (14), and in that a pressure-holding valve (18) is present at the outlet of the return-run line (17) into the fuel tank (10) .
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, to make it possible to detect a leak in the fuel return line, a pressure-holding valve is present at the outlet of the line into the fuel tank.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit additionally carries out misfire detection which detects in which cylinder combustion has not taken place, and misfire detection and leak detection are combined with one another in order to determine unequivocally which of the injection valves is leaking.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19513158 | 1995-04-07 | ||
| DE19513158A DE19513158A1 (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1995-04-07 | Device for detecting a leak in a fuel supply system |
| PCT/DE1996/000273 WO1996031693A1 (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1996-02-22 | Device for detecting a leak in a fuel-supply system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0819213A1 EP0819213A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| EP0819213B1 true EP0819213B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 |
Family
ID=7759114
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96902879A Expired - Lifetime EP0819213B1 (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1996-02-22 | Device for detecting a leak in a fuel-supply system |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5974865A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0819213B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3856827B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100413559B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1066242C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19513158A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996031693A1 (en) |
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-
1995
- 1995-04-07 DE DE19513158A patent/DE19513158A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-22 CN CN96193108A patent/CN1066242C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-22 KR KR1019970707035A patent/KR100413559B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-22 US US08/930,203 patent/US5974865A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-22 WO PCT/DE1996/000273 patent/WO1996031693A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-02-22 JP JP52983896A patent/JP3856827B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-22 EP EP96902879A patent/EP0819213B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-22 DE DE59605135T patent/DE59605135D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19513158A1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
| KR100413559B1 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
| US5974865A (en) | 1999-11-02 |
| JP3856827B2 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| DE59605135D1 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
| WO1996031693A1 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
| CN1181125A (en) | 1998-05-06 |
| JPH11503503A (en) | 1999-03-26 |
| EP0819213A1 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| CN1066242C (en) | 2001-05-23 |
| KR19980703636A (en) | 1998-12-05 |
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