Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
  • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
  • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
  • B02C18/145—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with knives spaced axially and circumferentially on the periphery of a cylindrical rotor unit

Definitions

• the invention relates to a comminution roller according to the preamble of claim 1 and a comminution machine with such.
• a rotor according to the preamble of claim 1 is known for example from DE-GM 89 15 534.
• the knife receptacles are V-shaped cross-sections with transverse grooves which are milled into circumferential ribs of the roller base body with a triangular cross-section. Knife carriers are welded into these grooves, to which the knife bodies are then attached using screws.
• the present invention is intended to develop a comminution roller according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that the knife bodies are attached directly to the roller base body.
• the knife bodies can be moved after their cutting edges have worn, in order to bring unused cutting edges to the point which is at the front and radially outside in the working direction.
• the development of the invention according to claim 3 is advantageous in terms of good positive support of the knife bodies and at the same time ensuring the just mentioned implementability of the knife bodies.
• the heads of the threaded bolts used for attaching the cutter bodies are each protected against mechanical wear, so that the cutter bodies can be loosened without problems even after the comminution roller has been in operation for a long time.
• the development of the invention according to claim 6 allows the comminution roller to be used even with a small amount of play between its knife bodies and the counter-knives cooperating with them. This is of advantage for the comminution, in particular of less dimensionally stable plastic materials such as film material.
• a comminution roller according to claim 12 there is good support for the knife body, and at the same time it is ensured that, viewed in the working direction of the comminution roller, there are no dead spaces behind the knife bodies in which material can get caught, which can get caught in the working memory between the roller surface and can jam the teeth of the counter knife.
• the supporting body protecting the threaded bolt from transverse loads is accommodated inside the clear contour of the knife body, which is advantageous with regard to a small-sized, resilient knife body attachment and with regard to the realization of a shredding roller working in both directions of rotation.
• a comminution machine has the same engagement geometry between the knife bodies and the teeth of the counter knife, as is the case with a conventional rotor, in which the end face of the knife bodies lie essentially in an axial plane of the comminution roller.
• Figure 1 a side schematic view of a Shredding machine for wood and plastic waste, whereby a front side wall of a storage and chip collection container is broken away;
• FIG. 2 a transverse section through a practical exemplary embodiment of a comminution roller for the machine according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows an axial partial section through the comminution roller according to FIG. 2 along the section line III-III there; such as
• FIGS. 4 to 7 sectional views similar to FIG. 2, in which modified comminution rollers are shown.
• a storage container for waste to be shredded such as wood or plastic residues, is designated by a total of 10. It has a rear wall 12, a front wall parallel to it, broken away in the drawing, a right wall 14 and a wall 16 on the left.
• the bottom of the storage container 10 consists of two inclined walls 18, 20 which converge towards one another and a horizontal bottom wall 22 .
• a comminution roller designated as a whole, runs around 24.
• This has a roller base body 26 with a plurality of axially successive circumferential ribs 28.
• two knife receptacles 30 are incorporated at diametrically opposite locations, the knife receptacles 30 of axially successive circumferential ribs in the circumferential direction being offset from one another by a constant angular amount, which during shown execution - 5 -
• Knife bodies 32 each sit in the knife receptacles 30. Details of the attachment of the knife bodies 32 will be described in more detail later.
• the roller base body 26 has stub shafts 34 formed on its two end faces, which run in bearings, not shown, which are carried by the rear and front walls of the storage container 10.
• the comminution roller 24 is driven counterclockwise by a geared motor 36, as indicated schematically in FIG.
• the center planes of the knife bodies 32 do not pass through the axis of the comminution roller 24, but rather lie in front of the roller axis as seen in the working direction of rotation of the comminution roller 24. This ensures that the cutting edges of the knife bodies 32 lying at the front run around the roller axis at a greater distance than the rear, non-active cutting edges of the knife bodies 32 when viewed in the working direction of rotation.
• the bottom wall 22 is offset downwards with respect to the axis of the comminution roller 24, and its free section on the right in the drawing is formed by a counter knife 38 which has teeth 40 at the free end between which spaces 42 remain.
• the entire arrangement is selected such that the knife bodies 32 can run through the spaces 42 with little play and that a space remains between the teeth 40 and the circumferential ribs 28 which is larger 'is as the working gap between the knife body 32 and counter knife 38, but so small that no material can jam there.
• a cylindrical perforated screen 44 is arranged around the comminution roller 24, over which the knife bodies 32 run with little play.
• a collecting channel 46 with a V-shaped cross section, in which a conveyor screw 48 runs, which is driven by a motor 50, as indicated schematically.
• the screw conveyor 48 thus conveys crushed material from the collecting trough 46 into a discharge nozzle 52.
• a box-shaped slide 54 can be moved over the bottom wall 22 by a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 56, which in turn is periodically acted upon by a hydraulic unit 58 in the sense of an extension or retraction of its piston rod with pressure oil.
• the slide 54 presses material lying on the bottom wall 22 into the engagement area between the comminution roller 24 and the counter knife 38.
• FIGS. 2 and 3 show a first type of fastening of the knife bodies 32 to the knife receptacles 30.
• the knife receptacles 30 are milled in the transverse direction centrally through a section of a circumferential rib and reach twice as deep as the normal height of the
• Circumferential rib The circumferential ribs have a triangular cross section with an external opening angle of 90 °.
• the knife receptacles 30 also have lateral boundary surfaces set at an angle of 90 °. In this way, the knife receptacles 30 at one Angular position represents a smooth continuation of the flanks of adjacent peripheral ribs.
• the knife bodies 32 are square prisms. Their end faces lying at the front or rear in the direction of rotation are referred to together as main faces in the present description and the claims.
• the distance between the main surfaces is also referred to as the thickness or length of the knife body, the edge length of the main surfaces for short also as the edge length of the knife body.
• a threaded bore 62 is provided in the bottom of the knife receptacle 30, and the knife bodies 32 are each screwed to a threaded bore 62 by a threaded bolt 64, the head 66 of the threaded bolt being completely in the enlarged bore section of the mounting bore 60, designated 68 Takes place.
• the knife bodies 32 are fixed but releasably connected to the roller base body 26.
• the edge length of the knife body 32 is greater than the length of the flanks of the circumferential ribs 28. In this way, the tip of the knife body 32 projects a corresponding distance d above the tip of the associated circumferential rib 28. This has the consequence that, if a small gap s is set between the counter knife 38 and the knife bodies 32, a correspondingly larger gap * S between the flanks of the circumferential ribs 28 and the
• the point at which the axis of the shredding roller 24 passes through the plane of the drawing is M draws. If one were to lay the axis of the threaded bore 62 so that it intersects the point M, the outermost tip of a knife body 32 lying in the working direction of rotation would revolve at the same distance around the roller axis as the rear outermost tip. In order to avoid this, the bottom of the knife receptacle 30 is tilted by an angle w compared to the case described above, so that the axis of the threaded bore 62 and thus the center plane of the knife body 32 seen in the direction of rotation in front of the axis of the shredding roller designated by M 24 lies.
• the knife body 32 has twice the thickness as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, and two mounting bores 60 and 60 'are provided in it spaced apart in the thickness direction.
• the bottom of the knife receptacle 30 also has two threaded bores 62, 62 ', the spacing of which corresponds to that of the mounting bores 60, 60'.
• the knife body 32 is now clamped to the bottom of the knife receptacle 30 by two threaded bolts 64, 64 'and is therefore particularly reliably secured against tilting moments and impact loads.
• the knife body according to FIG. 4 can be implemented four times in order to bring two new cutting edges into engagement with the teeth of the counter knife 38.
• the rear section of the thick knife body from FIG. 4 viewed in the direction of working direction, is replaced by a support body 70 which has an upper support section 72 designed as a square and a lower threaded section 74. The latter is screwed into the rear threaded bore 62 '. So that the support section 72 can run past the adjacent circumferential ribs and the side walls of the knife receptacle 30 when the support body 70 is screwed in, a cylindrical milling 76 of the adjacent circumferential ribs is provided coaxially with the threaded bore 62.
• the knife attachment according to FIG. 5 is essentially equivalent to the knife attachment according to FIG. 4 with regard to the support and anti-tipping of the knife body 32, but knife bodies having a smaller thickness can be used.
• Knife bodies having a small thickness are also used in the comminution roller according to FIG. 6.
• the support body 78 is complementary to the shape of the knife holder 30 in its underside and is a smooth continuation of the circumferential rib 28 in its upper section.
• FIG. 7 shows a support device integrated into the interior of the knife body, which in particular also allows knife bodies with concave main surfaces to be supported well with a support body having a simple geometry.
• the threaded bore 62 is provided with a counterbore 80, which has the same diameter and a slightly smaller depth as the counterbore 68 of the knife body 32.
• a support sleeve 82 is inserted into the aligned counterbores 68 and 80 without play, the length of which is approximately twice the length of the counterbore 80 corresponds. With this, the support sleeve 82 reliably keeps transverse impact loads and tilting moments away from the threaded bolt 64, but does not prevent the knife body 32 from being firmly clamped to the bottom of the knife holder 30.
• knife attachment according to FIG. 7 can also be used in connection with knife bodies 32 which have concave main surfaces, as shown at 84.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7755181

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1995
  • 1995-02-15 DE DE19506848A patent/DE19506848A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1996
  • 1996-02-12 DE DE59605250T patent/DE59605250D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-02-12 AT AT96904065T patent/ATE192946T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-02-12 WO PCT/EP1996/000588 patent/WO1996025231A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1996-02-12 EP EP96904065A patent/EP0809533B1/fr not_active Revoked

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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