EP0805512A1 - Kompakt gedruckte Antenne mit geringer Strahlung in Elevationsrichtung - Google Patents

Kompakt gedruckte Antenne mit geringer Strahlung in Elevationsrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0805512A1
EP0805512A1 EP97460016A EP97460016A EP0805512A1 EP 0805512 A1 EP0805512 A1 EP 0805512A1 EP 97460016 A EP97460016 A EP 97460016A EP 97460016 A EP97460016 A EP 97460016A EP 0805512 A1 EP0805512 A1 EP 0805512A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
mode
radiating element
notches
antenna according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97460016A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0805512B1 (de
Inventor
Patrice Brachat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orange SA
Original Assignee
France Telecom SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Telecom SA filed Critical France Telecom SA
Publication of EP0805512A1 publication Critical patent/EP0805512A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0805512B1 publication Critical patent/EP0805512B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of planar printed antennas for transmitting and / or receiving microwave signals.
  • the invention relates to a planar antenna producing maximum radiation for low elevations.
  • the antenna of the invention has many applications. It can for example be used in a network placed on the roof of a private vehicle, in order to provide telecommunications by satellite. Indeed, some mobiles, and in particular those in connection with geostationary satellites in countries with medium or high latitude (Northern Europe for example), require flat antennas producing maximum radiation for low elevations.
  • a printed antenna comprises a dielectric substrate plate, a ground plane (constituted by a first conductive deposit deposited on a first face of the dielectric substrate plate), a radiating element (constituted by a second conductive deposit deposited on a second face of the dielectric substrate plate) and means for feeding the antenna.
  • these printed antennas In their current operation, that is to say when they operate in their fundamental mode, these printed antennas generate a radiation diagram having a maximum in the direction perpendicular to the plane containing the antenna.
  • the length of the radiating element is very close to the half-wavelength taking into account the permittivity of the dielectric substrate used.
  • the printed antennas To be able to generate a radiation having a maximum for low elevations, that is to say in directions distant from the axis perpendicular to the plane containing the antenna, the printed antennas must operate in a higher mode whose current distribution allows to create this type of radiation.
  • the major problem lies in the fact that the higher modes of interest appear for relatively high frequencies compared to those of fundamental mode. This means that in order to be able to use this type of mode (higher) for the desired frequency band (close to that corresponding to the fundamental mode), the antenna must be very oversized.
  • the invention particularly aims to overcome this major drawback of the state of the art.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a printed antenna making it possible to obtain radiation for low elevations while having a reduced bulk.
  • the invention also aims to provide such an antenna which retains all the advantages of printed antennas, and in particular a low manufacturing cost.
  • the higher mode chosen is the one in which the antenna is to be operated, so that the maximum radiation is generated for low elevations.
  • the general principle of the invention consists, for a given higher mode, in reducing the resonant frequency only by making notches on the radiating element, that is to say without modifying the overall size of the antenna.
  • the printed antenna of the invention has a smaller footprint than a conventional printed antenna.
  • the notch (s) are arranged substantially perpendicular to the streamlines of said selected upper mode.
  • the dimensions (length, width) of the notch (s) are determined from a calculation technique based on a finite element method.
  • said radiating element is in the form of a disc.
  • said upper mode chosen is mode TM21, the streamlines of which form a pattern which is repeated in each quarter of said disc, said radiating element having four radial notches, spaced two by two angularly by approximately 90 °, each of said notches being substantially perpendicular to the current lines in one of said quarters of the disc.
  • said mode higher selected is the mode TM01, whose currents are arranged radially, said radiating element having at least one circular notch, the one or more notches extending over at least part of the circumference of a circle contained in said disc and having the same center as the latter.
  • each notch cooperates with means for annihilating its effect, said antenna comprising means for activating / deactivating said annihilation means.
  • said means for annihilating the effect of a notch comprise a diode connecting the two edges of said notch.
  • This multimode operation makes it possible to cover a wide solid angle with a maximum of radiation.
  • the fundamental mode there is a maximum of radiation in the direction perpendicular to the plane containing the antenna, and in the chosen upper mode, there is a maximum of radiation for a low elevation.
  • said radiating element has a plurality of notches, said activation / deactivation means acting on a time-varying number of annihilation means associated with said plurality of notches, so as to allow multifrequency operation such that each distinct number of annihilation means activated at a given time corresponds to a particular resonant frequency of said selected upper mode.
  • the invention also relates to a dual-band antenna, characterized in that it comprises two superimposed antennas, called lower and upper antennas, of the type presented above, the radiating element of said lower antenna constituting the ground plane of said upper antenna.
  • the invention therefore relates to a flat printed antenna for transmitting and / or receiving microwave signals.
  • the antenna has a fundamental mode, in which it generates a radiation diagram having a maximum in the direction perpendicular to the plane containing the radiating element, and at least one higher mode, in which it generates a radiation diagram at low elevation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a curve of variation, as a function of frequency, of the standing wave ratio (ROS) of the conventional antenna of FIG. 1. This curve clearly shows the resonance frequencies F1 and F2.
  • ROS standing wave ratio
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of the first antenna according to the invention.
  • the radiating element 30 has four radial notches 31 to 34, spaced two by two angularly by about 90 °.
  • the current lines of the TM21 mode form a pattern which is repeated according to the quarter of the disc (the currents being represented in dotted lines).
  • the notches 31 to 34 are placed in order to obtain maximum interception of the currents on the radiating element 30. In other words, each notch is substantially perpendicular to the current lines in one of the quarters of the disc 30.
  • these values are preferably obtained using a calculation technique (implemented by software) based on a finite element method.
  • the purpose of the first antenna is to decrease the resonant frequency of the upper mode TM21.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to considerably reduce the size of the structure compared to a conventional antenna.
  • a solid disk would have to be had approximately a diameter of 119 mm instead of the diameter of 73.5 mm of the first antenna of the invention.
  • the invention allows a reduction in the size of the antenna of approximately 40%.
  • FIGS. 6 and 9 each present the complete radiation diagram, for the components Etheta and Ephi respectively, of the first antenna of the invention.
  • the radiation patterns were measured at the TM21 mode resonant frequency.
  • the directivity is 5.56 dB.
  • FIG. 12 shows a top view of the second antenna according to the invention.
  • the radiating element 40 has four circular notches 41 to 44, placed parallel to the circumference of the disc 40.
  • the current lines of the TM01 mode are circular (the currents, shown in dotted lines, being arranged radially).
  • the notches 41 to 44 are placed in order to obtain maximum interception of the currents on the radiating element 40. In other words, each notch is substantially perpendicular to the current lines in one of the quarters of the disc 40.
  • these values are preferably obtained using the abovementioned calculation technique based on a finite element method.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to considerably reduce the size of the structure compared to a conventional antenna.
  • a solid disk would have to be obtained with an approximate diameter of 117 mm instead of the diameter of 73.5 mm of the second antenna of the invention.
  • the invention again allows a reduction in the size of the antenna of approximately 40%.
  • Figures 15 and 18 each show the complete radiation pattern, for the Etheta and Ephi components respectively, of the second antenna of the invention.
  • the radiation patterns were measured at the resonance frequency of the TM01 mode.
  • the radiation patterns are presented in the same way as those in Figures 6 and 9.
  • the directivity obtained for this antenna is 6.31 dB.
  • FIG. 23 presents a top view of a particular embodiment of an antenna according to the invention, in which each notch cooperates with means 61 for annihilating its effect.
  • the antenna also includes means for activating / deactivating these means 61 of annihilation.
  • These activation / deactivation means are for example an electronic control device.
  • the means for annihilating the effect of a notch comprise a varactor diode 61 connecting the two edges of this notch.
  • the activation / deactivation means act on a time-varying number of diodes, so that each distinct number of diodes activated at a given instant corresponds to a particular resonant frequency of the higher mode selected.
  • Figures 24 and 25 each show a view, respectively from the side and from above, of a particular embodiment of a dual-band antenna according to the invention.
  • This dual band antenna comprises two antennas (lower 70 and upper 71) superimposed.
  • the radiating element (for example a disk) 72 of the lower antenna 71 constitutes the ground plane of the upper antenna 71.
  • the lower antenna 70 comprises a ground plane 73, a substrate plate (not shown), a radiating element 72 and a first coaxial supply 74.
  • the upper antenna 71 comprises a ground plane (constituted by the radiating element 72 of the lower antenna 70), a substrate plate (not shown) , a radiating element 75 and a second coaxial supply 76.
  • Each antenna 70, 71 operates independently.
  • the two discs 72, 75 are offset so that the attack of the upper disc 75 passes through the lower disc 72 in the middle, so as to minimize the disturbance thus provided.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP97460016A 1996-04-24 1997-04-17 Kompakt gedruckte Antenne mit geringer Strahlung in Elevationsrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0805512B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9605383 1996-04-24
FR9605383A FR2748162B1 (fr) 1996-04-24 1996-04-24 Antenne imprimee compacte pour rayonnement a faible elevation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0805512A1 true EP0805512A1 (de) 1997-11-05
EP0805512B1 EP0805512B1 (de) 2002-11-06

Family

ID=9491685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97460016A Expired - Lifetime EP0805512B1 (de) 1996-04-24 1997-04-17 Kompakt gedruckte Antenne mit geringer Strahlung in Elevationsrichtung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5966096A (de)
EP (1) EP0805512B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2203359A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69716807T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2748162B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999053568A1 (en) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-21 Harada Industries (Europe) Limited Patch antenna
FR2912266A1 (fr) * 2007-02-07 2008-08-08 Satimo Sa Antenne imprimee avec encoches dans le plan de masse

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EP1094542A3 (de) * 1999-10-18 2004-05-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Antenne für mobile Funkkommunikation und tragbares Funkgerät mit einer derartigen Antenne
DE10047903A1 (de) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-25 Siemens Ag Mobile Funksende-/Funkempfangseinrichtung mit abstimmbarer Antenne
US6646618B2 (en) 2001-04-10 2003-11-11 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Low-profile slot antenna for vehicular communications and methods of making and designing same
US6456243B1 (en) 2001-06-26 2002-09-24 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi frequency magnetic dipole antenna structures and methods of reusing the volume of an antenna
US6864848B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2005-03-08 Hrl Laboratories, Llc RF MEMs-tuned slot antenna and a method of making same
US6573867B1 (en) 2002-02-15 2003-06-03 Ethertronics, Inc. Small embedded multi frequency antenna for portable wireless communications
US6943730B2 (en) * 2002-04-25 2005-09-13 Ethertronics Inc. Low-profile, multi-frequency, multi-band, capacitively loaded magnetic dipole antenna
US6744410B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-06-01 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi-band, low-profile, capacitively loaded antennas with integrated filters
US6642889B1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-04 Raytheon Company Asymmetric-element reflect array antenna
US7276990B2 (en) 2002-05-15 2007-10-02 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Single-pole multi-throw switch having low parasitic reactance, and an antenna incorporating the same
US7298228B2 (en) 2002-05-15 2007-11-20 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Single-pole multi-throw switch having low parasitic reactance, and an antenna incorporating the same
US6911940B2 (en) * 2002-11-18 2005-06-28 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi-band reconfigurable capacitively loaded magnetic dipole
US6859175B2 (en) 2002-12-03 2005-02-22 Ethertronics, Inc. Multiple frequency antennas with reduced space and relative assembly
US7084813B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2006-08-01 Ethertronics, Inc. Antennas with reduced space and improved performance
US6919857B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2005-07-19 Ethertronics, Inc. Differential mode capacitively loaded magnetic dipole antenna
US7123209B1 (en) 2003-02-26 2006-10-17 Ethertronics, Inc. Low-profile, multi-frequency, differential antenna structures
US7164387B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2007-01-16 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Compact tunable antenna
US7456803B1 (en) 2003-05-12 2008-11-25 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Large aperture rectenna based on planar lens structures
US7071888B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2006-07-04 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Steerable leaky wave antenna capable of both forward and backward radiation
US7068234B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2006-06-27 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Meta-element antenna and array
US7253699B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2007-08-07 Hrl Laboratories, Llc RF MEMS switch with integrated impedance matching structure
US7245269B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2007-07-17 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Adaptive beam forming antenna system using a tunable impedance surface
US7154451B1 (en) 2004-09-17 2006-12-26 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Large aperture rectenna based on planar lens structures
FR2856846B1 (fr) * 2003-06-27 2005-10-21 Univ Rennes Antenne imprimee agile en frequence a tres large excursion continue ou discrete
US20060097922A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-11 The Mitre Corporation Method and system for a single-fed patch antenna having improved axial ratio performance
TWM284087U (en) * 2005-08-26 2005-12-21 Aonvision Technology Corp Broadband planar dipole antenna
TW200719518A (en) * 2005-11-15 2007-05-16 Ind Tech Res Inst An EMC metal-plate antenna and a communication system using the same
US7307589B1 (en) 2005-12-29 2007-12-11 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Large-scale adaptive surface sensor arrays
US7505002B2 (en) * 2006-12-04 2009-03-17 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Beam tilting patch antenna using higher order resonance mode
US20080129635A1 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-05 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Method of operating a patch antenna in a higher order mode
JP2008228094A (ja) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-25 Sansei Denki Kk マイクロストリップアンテナ装置
US7868829B1 (en) 2008-03-21 2011-01-11 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Reflectarray
CN101931126A (zh) * 2009-06-18 2010-12-29 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 槽孔天线
US8482475B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2013-07-09 Viasat, Inc. Method and apparatus for a compact modular phased array element
US8994609B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2015-03-31 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Conformal surface wave feed
US8436785B1 (en) 2010-11-03 2013-05-07 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Electrically tunable surface impedance structure with suppressed backward wave
US9466887B2 (en) 2010-11-03 2016-10-11 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Low cost, 2D, electronically-steerable, artificial-impedance-surface antenna
DE102011011494A1 (de) * 2011-02-17 2012-09-06 Kathrein-Werke Kg Patchantenne sowie Verfahren zur Frequenzabstimmung einer derartigen Patchantenne
US8982011B1 (en) 2011-09-23 2015-03-17 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Conformal antennas for mitigation of structural blockage
EP2712022A1 (de) * 2012-09-24 2014-03-26 Oticon A/s Ortsfestes Kommunikationsgerät mit Antenne
WO2014062513A1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-24 P-Wave Holdings, Llc Antenna element and devices thereof
CN107171068A (zh) * 2017-06-22 2017-09-15 天津职业技术师范大学 一种小型双频植入式医用柔性天线
GB2598131A (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-23 Univ Belfast Miniature antenna with omnidirectional radiation field

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EP0708492A1 (de) * 1994-10-19 1996-04-24 Asulab S.A. Mikrostreifenleitungsantenne insbesondere für Uhrenanwendung

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US4089003A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-05-09 Motorola, Inc. Multifrequency microstrip antenna
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EP0270209A2 (de) * 1986-11-29 1988-06-08 Nortel Networks Corporation Zirkular polarisierte Antenne für zwei Frequenzbänder mit halbkugelförmiger Richtcharakteristik
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999053568A1 (en) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-21 Harada Industries (Europe) Limited Patch antenna
US6480170B1 (en) 1998-04-15 2002-11-12 Harada Industries (Europe) Limited Patch antenna
FR2912266A1 (fr) * 2007-02-07 2008-08-08 Satimo Sa Antenne imprimee avec encoches dans le plan de masse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5966096A (en) 1999-10-12
EP0805512B1 (de) 2002-11-06
CA2203359A1 (en) 1997-10-24
DE69716807T2 (de) 2003-07-10
FR2748162B1 (fr) 1998-07-24
DE69716807D1 (de) 2002-12-12
FR2748162A1 (fr) 1997-10-31

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