EP0798684B1 - Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données - Google Patents

Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0798684B1
EP0798684B1 EP97250086A EP97250086A EP0798684B1 EP 0798684 B1 EP0798684 B1 EP 0798684B1 EP 97250086 A EP97250086 A EP 97250086A EP 97250086 A EP97250086 A EP 97250086A EP 0798684 B1 EP0798684 B1 EP 0798684B1
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Prior art keywords
traffic
main frame
detectors
detector
data
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97250086A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0798684A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Fastenrath
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Vodafone GmbH
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Mannesmann AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for traffic situation detection by stationary Installation locations installed along a road network Data acquisition devices (detectors), the data on the traffic condition on Installation location of the respective detector according to a set measurement behavior determine and derived information according to a set Reporting behavior to a control center for traffic situation recording for further Forward evaluation.
  • An interactive dynamic route guidance system is known from EP 0 029 201 B1 known, in the specially equipped vehicles with a traffic computer communicate.
  • the two-way communication is carried out using beacons with a Infrared transmitter / receiver are equipped and at all important Nodes of the road network are set up.
  • Each with one appropriate transceiver equipped vehicles received via These beacons from the traffic computer include current information about the shortest travel routes to a desired destination.
  • the main information source of the traffic computer is in the traffic flow itself moving, "floating" test vehicles. These transmit the Traffic calculator especially their travel times between important Traffic hubs and waiting times at traffic lights.
  • This Information is then used by the traffic computer for route guidance and Traffic control used, for example, by appropriate Traffic control information is transmitted to the vehicles to be guided and via one Control unit can be output on a display in the vehicle.
  • US 5 317 311 is a system for traffic situation detection known with fixed installed detectors.
  • the detectors whose sensors e.g. on Bridge structures above the lanes of a motorway measure the Average speed of passing vehicles and represent the number of vehicles passing in one time unit. This information is obtained using a data transmission channel (e.g. telephone line) to a central office for the Transfer traffic situation recording.
  • a data transmission channel e.g. telephone line
  • those of the Detectors reported average speeds over corresponding Transmitters of the headquarters are transmitted to vehicles with corresponding Receiving devices are equipped with this data on a display a map section according to the locations of the respective detectors display graphically. In this way, road users can currently over problematic areas of the road network are informed.
  • the measuring behavior of the Detectors is usually set so that a continuous scan of the Traffic happens.
  • Traffic situation detection becomes the relevant in the generic system Data for the traffic situation recording not determined by test vehicles and on Detection stations (beacons) passed on, which in turn forward data to Central, but there is a data determination by the stationary installed sensors of the detectors themselves.
  • the acquired data from the detectors are however not completely transmitted to the traffic situation recording center. Rather, see the practical implementation of that described in US 5,317,311 Systems a limited reporting behavior of the detectors. This exists in that only then information is transmitted to the traffic situation recording center if the one determined by the detectors over a certain period of time Average speed of passing vehicles a given Falls below the threshold.
  • Such a threshold value can be around, for example 50 km / h. This can reduce the burden on the communication channel for the Data transmission can be significantly reduced.
  • this is bought with the fact that this system only usable information about phases of traffic can deliver in a very high traffic load, i.e. a traffic jam situation or there is a traffic jam-like situation. Whether about a medium traffic load or completely free road traffic conditions can exist under the given Restriction of the reporting behavior of the detectors not based on the recorded data be decided. In the known system, this would only be possible if the Restriction of reporting behavior would be lifted, which with a corresponding sudden increase in communication effort between the detectors and the traffic situation recording center would have to be bought.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore a method of the generic type Kind in such a way that with the least possible communication effort between the fixed detectors and the traffic situation detection center a comprehensive observation of the Traffic events with higher information gain is made possible. Furthermore, a System for performing this procedure can be specified.
  • the present invention provides that, in contrast to that from US Pat. No. 5,317,311 known system not simply determined average speeds to the Road users are passed on, but that from the primary of the Detectors determined data and possibly further information by appropriate Evaluations to be transmitted to road users Traffic information can be obtained. These evaluations exist especially in the derivation of current and / or historical traffic information and / or in the creation of traffic forecasts and / or in the identification of Events that characterize the state of traffic. In contrast to the previous one known methods of traffic situation detection by means of fixed installed Detectors is provided according to the invention that the center of the detectors at least part of the results of the evaluation of the Data received from the detectors transmitted.
  • Each at the data acquisition Detectors involved use this to convey their results Measuring behavior and / or their reporting behavior in the sense of a learning system, that is new one.
  • optimization means that the Central at all times with the objectively required information about the Traffic is supplied, the effort for data transmission, ie in particular, the load on the communication channels is kept as small as possible.
  • RDS / TMC Radio Data System / Traffic Message Channel.
  • a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention includes that the center from time to time a currently valid curve for traffic-relevant parameters (e.g.
  • the respective Installation location predicted traffic condition to the respective detector transmit in order to influence its measurement and / or reporting behavior.
  • the procedure is similar to the process variant in which the detectors have hydrographs be specified because in both cases the future expectations of the head office are based be placed.
  • the method according to the invention also offers the possibility of Assumptions about the current traffic condition at an installation location from the Forward the control center to the respective detector for checking so that the detector in the event of significant deviations from the actual traffic condition of can send a corresponding data message to the head office based on these assumptions.
  • Solutions for traffic situation detection are known in which the Data acquisition devices a from the locally recognizable traffic condition have dependent reporting behavior, i.e. that falling below or exceeding certain threshold values for individual reports or periodic reports can lead to the headquarters.
  • such solutions are not very sensitive to local ones Special features (e.g. on road sections with inclines or curves) for Characteristics of the measured values that refer to user-relevant phenomena in a certain Distance from the data acquisition device (e.g. at Traffic disturbances upstream of the measuring point), for temporary external (e.g. weather-related) influences and different for differentiators caused but symptomatically similar traffic situations (e.g. traffic jams structural bottlenecks and "immigration overload congestion").
  • Special features e.g. on road sections with inclines or curves
  • Characteristics of the measured values that refer to user-relevant phenomena in a certain Distance from the data acquisition device (e.g. at Traffic disturbances upstream of the measuring point), for temporary external (e.g. weather-related) influences and different for differentiators caused but
  • the data acquisition devices are, so to speak, recipients of historical traffic information.
  • Knowledge of historical traffic information enables the detectors to make leading indicators more user-relevant, i.e. for the Assessment of the traffic situation to recognize significant events and to the Forwarding headquarters.
  • knowledge of current Traffic information helps avoid the transmission of redundant measurement data.
  • Information available to a data collection device in this sense not only include reports of traffic disruptions or Disturbance resolutions that also come from sources outside of the invention Can originate from the method and be checked by the detector in question, but also forecasts made centrally, the previously known external Consider influences such as weather conditions or construction site planning, and from the detector in question to detect deviations and report them can be used to the headquarters.
  • the traffic information transmitted to a detector for checking does not necessarily have to refer to the centrally recorded and completed limit current state, but can also make predictions include for a period that is short compared to a daily course line. It is particularly expedient if the central characteristic features that to an incident upstream of a detector installation site or to a Indicate impending traffic jam at the installation site (early indicators) and identify the respective detector transmitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows the essential functions of the method according to the invention for the two main components "traffic situation recording center” and "Data acquisition devices” shown.
  • the flow of information is through arrows symbolizes.
  • the data acquisition devices are preferably on bridges that cross over the lanes to be observed are tense, these are Devices in Fig. 1 have been referred to as bridge units.
  • a Suitable sensors are measurement data (e.g. the current speeds of the passing vehicles) determined and subjected to preprocessing. This Preprocessing can be used, for example, to determine an arithmetic Mean values exist for a specific observation period. It is conceivable also to compress the acquired raw data.
  • the bridge unit can refer to user-relevant events (event detection) that were previously carried out by the Traffic situation detection center, which is referred to in FIG. 1 as the "center", have been defined, react and equalize the "sensor knowledge” (measured values from a certain period up to the present) with the "system knowledge” (current Traffic reports, traffic forecasts and historical information, such as in the Form of curve) and reports deviations that are either immediate Are important for the assessment of the current traffic situation or that Supplement or correct "system knowledge”.
  • the exchange of information between the Central for the traffic situation recording and the bridge units takes place over the two function blocks "communication" according to the conditions of one "Communication interface".
  • the one located in the headquarters on the evaluation of the function block for the information provided by the bridge units the data evaluation is generally referred to as "traffic model" in the illustration been.
  • Fig. 2 is an embodiment of a system for performing the The inventive method is shown in schematic form.
  • the Reference numeral 1 is a center for traffic situation detection, which with a electronic data processing system 2 and a communication unit 3 Is provided.
  • a communication channel 9 for example in the form of Telephone lines can be formed, but preferably via a mobile radio network, that is implemented wirelessly, the control center 1 can also use the communication unit 3 a plurality of detectors 8 come into communication connection.
  • the detectors 8 are on the street side e.g. installed and are on bridge structures over highway routes set up to record the relevant data for a traffic situation recording and forward it to headquarters 1.
  • the Power supply unit 7 is preferably a battery-buffered solar cell unit educated.
  • Known sensors are preferably used for the sensor system 6 used as active or passive infrared sensors or as microwave sensors are trained.
  • the simultaneous use of sensors is particularly advantageous different measuring principles within the same detector 8.
  • the detectors 8 are able, not only the relevant ones Data for the traffic situation detection to the control center 1 via the communication channel 9 to transmit, but they can also at least a part of the central 1 broadcast results of data evaluation via communication channel 9, which is designed as a bidirectional communication channel.
  • the detectors 8 based on a corresponding programming of the Data processing device 5 in the position, their measurement behavior and / or their Reporting behavior in the sense of a self-learning system based on that of the head office 1 results obtained, i.e. the previous setting if necessary to change.
  • the are not separate shown storage unit of the data processing unit 5 of the detectors 8 each standardized curve lines for traffic-relevant measurands are saved and saved a unique code can be identified.
  • the control center 1 is thus able to use of a transmitted code to the respective detector 8, a specific curve to specify without a large number of individual values that the course of the curve characterize, each must be transferred.
  • the data processing device 5 is trained by its programming as a comparator so that significant deviations of the currently recorded values of a measured variable from one the control center can recognize 1 predetermined curve. This makes it possible Optimizing the reporting behavior of the respective detector 8 so that only then Data is transmitted via the communication channel 9 to the control center 1, if such significant deviations are found. During the rest Such a data transmission can be prevented for a period of time.
  • the detectors 8 are each with a filter Selection of results transmitted by the head office 1 and only for one or a group of detectors 8 are provided. That’s it basically possible, the activities of a single detector 8 or a group from e.g.
  • the method according to the invention and the system for carrying it out enable the scope of for a realistic traffic situation detection required data transmission processes compared to the previously known Opportunities to drastically lower. This is made possible by the surprisingly simple Measure that the level of knowledge of the control center 1 can be continuously monitored by at least a part of the data from the control center 1 results of the traffic situation recording transmitted to the road users or targeted individual information can also be received and evaluated accordingly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de saisie de situation de trafic par des dispositifs de saisie de données installés de façon stationnaire en des endroits le long d'un réseau routier (détecteurs), qui déterminent des données sur l'état du trafic au lieu de l'installation du détecteur respectif suivant un comportement de mesure réglé et transmettent des informations dérivées de celles-ci suivant un comportement de signalisation réglé à une centrale pour la saisie de situation de trafic pour l'exploitation ultérieure,
    caractérisé en ce que l'exploitation de la centrale consiste à en déduire des messages de trafic actuels et/ou des informations de trafic historiques et/ou à établir des pronostics de trafic et/ou à identifier des événements, qui caractérisent l'état du trafic, en ce que la centrale transmet aux détecteurs au moins une partie des résultats de l'exploitation, et en ce que le détecteur respectif règle son comportement de mesure et/ou son comportement de signalisation, en référence à ces résultats transmis, dans le sens d'un système adaptatif.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que les résultats de l'exploitation sont sélectionnés relativement aux lieux d'installation d'un groupe de détecteurs.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que les résultats de l'exploitation sont sélectionnés relativement à l'emplacement de détecteurs individuels.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que la sélection est effectuée dans la centrale.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 2 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que la sélection est effectuée par un filtrage des résultats transmis dans le détecteur respectif.
  6. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans la centrale, de temps en temps, un régime actuellement valable pour des grandeurs de mesure pertinentes pour le trafic est déterminé et transmis à un détecteur, et en ce que le détecteur respectif signale à la centrale uniquement des écarts déterminés du régime actuellement valable.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que la transmission du régime est effectuée sous forme d'une suite de points d'une variation de fonction.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans le détecteur, il est mémorisé une pluralité de régimes standardisés et la centrale fournit au détecteur un régime par transmission d'un code qui est associé, à chaque fois, de façon univoque à l'un des régimes mémorisés.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 6 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que les régimes sont déterminés de façon dépendant de conditions météorologiques classifiées et/ou d'événements pertinents pour le trafic.
  10. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un état de trafic pronostiqué pour le lieu d'installation respectif est transmis au détecteur respectif.
  11. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que des hypothèses sur l'état actuel du trafic en un lieu d'installation sont transmises de la centrale au détecteur respectif pour vérification et des écarts déterminés sont retransmis du détecteur à la centrale.
  12. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que la centrale détermine des propriétés caractéristiques qui indiquent un incident en amont d'un lieu d'installation d'un détecteur ou un embouteillage imminent au lieu d'installation (indicateurs précoces), et les transmet au détecteur respectif.
  13. Système pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comportant une centrale (1), qui est équipée d'une installation de traitement de données électronique (2) pour la saisie de situation de trafic et d'une unité de communication (3), une pluralité de détecteurs (8) installés le long d'un réseau routier, qui, à chaque fois, présentent des capteurs (6) pour la détection de valeurs de mesure, une unité de traitement de données électronique (5), une unité de communication (4) et une alimentation en courant électrique (7), et un canal de communication (9) pour la transmission d'informations des détecteurs (8) vers la centrale (1), caractérisé en ce que le canal de communication (9) pour la transmission d'informations entre les détecteurs (8) et la centrale (1) est un canal de communication bidirectionnel, et en ce que le dispositif de traitement de données électronique (5) d'un détecteur (8) est programmé, à chaque fois, pour régler le comportement de mesure et/ou le comportement de signalisation du détecteur (8), dans le sens d'un système auto-adaptatif, en référence aux résultats qui ont été déterminés par la centrale (1) dans le cadre de la saisie de situation de trafic.
  14. Système selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans le dispositif de traitement de données (5) des détecteurs (8), sont mémorisés des régimes standardisés pour des grandeurs de mesure pertinentes pour le trafic, en ce que les régimes peuvent être identifiés, à chaque fois, dans le détecteur (8) par un code transmis par la centrale, et en ce que le dispositif de traitement de données (5) est prévu comme comparateur pour reconnaítre des écarts significatifs des valeurs actuelles d'une grandeur de mesure d'un régime prédéfini par la centrale (1).
  15. Système selon une des revendications 13 à 14,
    caractérisé en ce que les détecteurs (8) présentent, à chaque fois, un filtre pour sélectionner les résultats qui sont transmis par la centrale (1) et sont déterminés uniquement pour un ou un groupe de détecteurs (8).
EP97250086A 1996-03-25 1997-03-20 Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données Expired - Lifetime EP0798684B1 (fr)

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EP0798684B1 true EP0798684B1 (fr) 2001-01-10

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US (1) US5889477A (fr)
EP (1) EP0798684B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE198674T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59702873D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2153159T3 (fr)

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DE59702873D1 (de) 2001-02-15
EP0798684A1 (fr) 1997-10-01
ES2153159T3 (es) 2001-02-16
US5889477A (en) 1999-03-30

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