EP1628274B1 - Procédé et système de fourniture des informations sur l'état du trafic routier et de regulation du trafic routier - Google Patents

Procédé et système de fourniture des informations sur l'état du trafic routier et de regulation du trafic routier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1628274B1
EP1628274B1 EP05107255A EP05107255A EP1628274B1 EP 1628274 B1 EP1628274 B1 EP 1628274B1 EP 05107255 A EP05107255 A EP 05107255A EP 05107255 A EP05107255 A EP 05107255A EP 1628274 B1 EP1628274 B1 EP 1628274B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traffic
vehicle
data
intersection
signal
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Not-in-force
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EP05107255A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1628274A1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Paul Mathias
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining traffic information in a road network with at least one intersection at which the traffic flow is controlled by means of a traffic signal having a control device for turning on signaling lights performing signal traffic correlated with the traffic flow and from this traffic information, in particular a traffic demand, for at least part of the road network.
  • the invention further relates to a method for controlling the traffic in a road network with at least one intersection at which the traffic flow is controlled by a traffic signal system in which vehicle-carrying road users are influenced by light signals represented by signal generators of the traffic signal system, wherein the signal transmitters according to a in a control unit of the traffic signal running signal schedule, which is calculated on the basis of determined traffic information.
  • the invention relates to a system for carrying out the method.
  • Traffic information in particular traffic demand data, is essential in order to make estimates about the current and future traffic conditions of a road network. Furthermore, they are necessary to be able to identify and apply traffic control procedures that are optimized with regard to the entire road network or to define appropriate traffic management strategies.
  • Traffic demand data has so far been derived, especially in offline planning processes, from archived historical values of traffic detectors of the road network.
  • demand matrices for various types of days such as working days, weekends, holidays, vacation periods and for different hour groups, such as morning and evening peak hours, daily traffic and night traffic are usually derived from a static demand matrix, which comes from a survey.
  • very little is known about the extent to which such derived traffic demand data is in line with reality.
  • traffic demand data can not reflect short-term changes in traffic demand arising from current events such as events, construction sites or incidents.
  • the document US 6654681 describes a method for obtaining traffic information and for dynamic route recommendation.
  • the Patent DE 100 18 562 C1 discloses a method for detecting and monitoring the traffic situation on a road network.
  • the reporting vehicles of a sampling fleet that are involved in traffic are usually referred to as so-called “floating cars” because they "swim" in traffic.
  • FCD floating car data
  • FCD-based method is the high expense of transmitting the traffic data from the vehicles of the sampling fleet to a traffic control center.
  • the communication links are established, for example, via route guidance systems of the vehicles, using fee-based telecommunications standards such as GMS or UMTS.
  • GMS Global System for Mobile communications
  • UMTS UMTS
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide methods and a system of the type mentioned, which work economically and thus find the necessary acceptance in user and operator circles.
  • a subtask is achieved according to the invention by a generic method for determining traffic information, wherein vehicle-specific traffic data is detected by the intersection approaching vehicles of a sampling fleet vehicle-specific traffic data locally limited to the intersection, wireless transmission from the vehicle to the control unit of the traffic signal.
  • vehicle-specific traffic data is detected by the intersection approaching vehicles of a sampling fleet vehicle-specific traffic data locally limited to the intersection, wireless transmission from the vehicle to the control unit of the traffic signal.
  • FCD uses a fleet of selected vehicles to track the traffic flow in the road network as a carrier of traffic data.
  • Anonymized vehicle-specific data are transmitted directly to the control unit of a traffic signal system using a local communication while avoiding the costly telecommunications standards (GSM, UMTS), which regulates the traffic of the intersection to which the respective vehicle is currently approaching.
  • GSM costly telecommunications standards
  • the traffic data acquired in this way could be termed a local FCD, around which the data base for traffic demand information is enriched.
  • the current position and speed of a vehicle are transmitted as vehicle-specific traffic data. If this traffic data is recorded with the respective transmission time and an identifier identifying the sampling vehicle, the travel of this vehicle with regard to route and travel time can be tracked at points along such road intersections which can receive these vehicle-specific traffic data.
  • route data of a vehicle are transmitted as vehicle-specific traffic data. For example, all data available via a vehicle's route guidance system could be sent to the upcoming intersection controller.
  • route data of a vehicle Preferably, as route data of a vehicle, source-destination information and / or previous travel times and / or turn decisions for the approached road intersection are transmitted. On the basis of this data, based on the entire recorded road network, traffic forecasts can be derived promptly and reliably.
  • count values of road-side traffic detectors are detected as further traffic data describing the traffic state in the area of the road intersection and transmitted to the control device.
  • the data base for traffic demand estimates is also extended by traffic data, the vehicles not belonging to the sample fleet. For example, these data could serve to verify the validity of the data limited to sample fleet vehicles.
  • traffic detectors can also obtain traffic data around intersections outside the short-range reception area.
  • the traffic data recorded in the control unit are aggregated and transmitted to a central traffic computer for further processing.
  • a traffic control center or traffic management center the traffic data of all in the road network locally around their crossing area receiving control units are processed.
  • the central traffic computer for the considered road network from the historical data as well as from the currently transmitted data define new traffic strategies that can satisfy the current transport demand.
  • Such a traffic strategy for the road network is implemented in signal plans for the control devices of the individual intersections, which are each optimally matched to each other.
  • Another sub-problem is solved by a method for controlling the traffic of the type mentioned, in which the traffic information is determined according to a method of the type described above.
  • the locally recorded traffic data can be processed directly in the control unit of the traffic signal system. This is done essentially by influencing the running in the control unit signal time schedule, according to which the signal generator of the traffic signal system are turned on, wherein within a predetermined frame signal plan, the duration of release and blocking phases are variable.
  • the traffic data in the control unit are converted into traffic-technical variables for controlling the traffic light system.
  • the vehicle-specific traffic data transmitted by vehicles of the sampling fleet - such as current positions, speeds and route data - can be converted into traffic volumes, average speeds and directional divisions of the traffic flows passing through the intersection.
  • queue lengths in the individual access roads to the intersection can also be determined.
  • a vehicle approaching a road intersection requires a release time in the signal time schedule.
  • a traffic data transmission interpreted as a request signal can cause an extension of the green time in the ongoing signal program.
  • release time requirements are prioritized according to vehicle types.
  • the sample fleet is extended to include vehicle types that log on to a light signal-controlled road intersection by data transmission at the light signal system control unit in order to request a preferential treatment - for example in the form of a free passage.
  • the prioritization can be staggered, so that, for example, public transport vehicles are preferred at a crossroads over private vehicles, while emergency vehicle, emergency services, fire brigade or police emergency vehicles enjoy the highest priority in the allocation of release times.
  • control units of neighboring traffic signals exchange traffic information.
  • the signal times can be optimally adapted to the current local traffic demand.
  • a final sub-problem is solved by a system for carrying out a traffic information determination method and a control method in which control units of traffic signals are each in communication with a road-side communication device, whereby vehicles of a sampling fleet are equipped with vehicle-side communication devices via the traffic data locally, respectively a close range around a road junction to the associated roadside communication device are wirelessly transferable.
  • the vehicles of the sampled fleet in question are each equipped with a destination guidance system.
  • Essential for a system according to the invention for carrying out a traffic information determination method and a traffic control method is the provision of cost-effective data transmission from vehicles 1 of a sampling fleet to a control unit 2 of a traffic signal system 3 FIG. 1
  • a traffic signal system 3 regulates the traffic flow at a road junction 4, which has four crossing arms in the illustrated example.
  • the vehicle 1 leading road user is influenced by light signals that are generated by signalers 5 of the traffic signal 3 or displayed.
  • signal generator 5 may be provided for different lanes of access roads to the intersection 4 and for pedestrians, cyclists or trams.
  • the light signals of the signal generator 5 are turned on by a programmable running in the control unit 2 Signal Schedule 6 according to specifiable release and blocking times.
  • a vehicle 1 of the sampling fleet has a vehicle-side communication device 7, via which traffic data can be transmitted wirelessly to a roadside communication device 8.
  • the roadside communication device 8 is connected to the control unit 2 of the traffic signal system 3 in connection.
  • the data transmission according to the invention is locally limited, namely within a short range 4R around the intersection 4.
  • vehicle-specific traffic data of vehicles 1 of a sampling fleet can be cost-effectively transmitted directly wirelessly to the control unit 2 of the traffic signal system 3 as soon as the vehicle 1 has entered the vicinity 4R.
  • the vehicles 1 of the sampling fleet may be equipped with navigating guidance systems 9 which operate by means of communication with a satellite system 10.
  • the control unit 2 of the traffic signal system 3 has according to FIG. 1 a number of other important connections.
  • the control device 2 as well as control devices, not shown, of further light signal installations installed in the road network are connected to a control center 11, which comprises a traffic computer 12.
  • the central unit 11 may be a traffic computer or traffic management center, which receives the traffic data received in the control unit 2 for further processing.
  • updated from such centers 11 by means of the traffic computer 12 updated traffic strategies and transmitted in the form of optimized signal time schedules 6 to the control units 2 in the road network.
  • the control unit 2 communicates via data lines 13 - or via radio links - with control units of traffic lights of adjacent intersections.
  • the control unit 2 is connected to roadside arranged traffic detectors 14, such as induction loops, radars, infrared sensors or video cameras, via which additional traffic data both within the near range 4R and outside can be detected.
  • traffic detectors 14 detect not only vehicles 1 of the sampling fleet, but all vehicles forming a traffic flow.
  • For short-range data transmission between the communication devices 7 and 8 are for example infrared, radio or microwave into consideration.
  • FIG. 2 the traffic information determination method according to the invention and the traffic control method in system levels are illustrated.
  • vehicles in particular vehicles 1 of a sampling fleet, interact with various sensors and actuators.
  • vehicle-specific traffic data are transmitted wirelessly locally within a vicinity around a road intersection to a roadside communication device 8.
  • These traffic data are anonymized vehicle-specific data, which originate, for example, from vehicle-side destination guidance devices with a GPS system and are transmitted to the traffic light control with a vehicle-specific identifier. Specifically, this may be current position, speed or route data - such as source-destination information, previous travel times or planned turn decisions - of a vehicle 1.
  • 14 counts are detected by roadside traffic detectors, which characterize the traffic flows at the considered road intersection in terms of traffic intensity and average speed.
  • control unit 2 receives the detected traffic data of the roadside communication device 8 and the traffic detectors 14.
  • the traffic data is aggregated in the control unit 2, ie accumulated and compressed and possibly to traffic technical parameters such as traffic volumes, average speeds, directional divisions and queue lengths in the access and possibly exits the considered intersection.
  • the traffic information determined in this way is forwarded by the control units 2 in the given road network to a superordinate traffic computer or traffic management center 11 of a third level. There, the traffic information obtained is evaluated and further processed to define traffic strategies for the road network. These pursue the goal of satisfying the currently ascertained traffic demand in the road network according to specific strategy specifications.
  • 11 archived historical traffic data are also used in the central office.
  • the method for determining traffic information described above can advantageously be used for a method for traffic control in a traffic-signal-controlled road network.
  • updated signal time schedules 6 for the various control devices 2 of the traffic signal systems in the road network can be calculated by a central traffic computer in the center 11 and transmitted to the control devices 2.
  • the control unit 2 such a signal time schedule 6 runs programmatically.
  • the signal transmitters 5 of the first described level are turned on. The influencing of the road users in this level takes place via light signals represented by the signal transmitters 5, in the signal phases of which vehicles are allowed to pass the intersection or are prevented from entering the intersection.
  • FIG. 2 However, another traffic control approach is possible.
  • data transmissions from vehicles 1 to the roadside communication device 8 are interpreted by the control unit 2 as a request signal for a green phase.
  • the controller can issue such request signals take into account, for example, a prolonged green phase is extended.
  • the controller may also prioritize. Such prioritization is done, for example, by types of vehicles, emergency vehicles such as police, fire or ambulance being given top priority, while public transport vehicles such as trams or buses are given medium priority and private cars are given the lowest priority.
  • control units 2 of adjacent road intersections exchange traffic information such as the detected traffic data or the instantaneous switching state in the running signal program with each other.
  • this control can control the traffic flows in the road network according to a network-wide predefinable destination function via exclusively locally performed calculations by communication with the next adjacent control unit, if it receives local traffic information about the destinations of the incoming vehicles.
  • a similar approach is published in the previously cited publication "Static and dynamic traffic sharing with recurrent neural networks".

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de déterminations d'informations de trafic dans un réseau de rues ayant au moins un croisement ( 4 ) de rues où le flux du trafic est réglé au moyen d'une installation ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse, qui a un appareil ( 2 ) de commande pour brancher des émetteurs ( 5 ) de signaux constituant des signes lumineux, dans lequel on relève des données de trafic se corrélant au flux du trafic et on en détermine des informations de trafic, notamment une demande de trafic, pour au moins une partie du réseau de rues,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on relève, par une transmission sans fil, limitée localement autour du croisement ( 4 ) de rues, du véhicule ( 1 ) à l'appareil ( 2 ) de commande de l'installation ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse, des données de trafic spécifiques au véhicule, de véhicules ( 1 ) d'une flotte échantillonnée au hasard se rapprochant du croisement ( 4 ) de rues, en ce que l'on transmet, comme autres données de trafic décrivant l'état du trafic dans la région du croisement ( 4 ) de rues, des valeurs de comptage de détecteurs ( 14 ) de trafic côté rue et on les transmet à l'appareil ( 2 ) de commande et en ce que l'on transmet de manière cumulée à un ordinateur ( 12 ) de trafic central les données de trafic relevées dans l'appareil ( 2 ) de commande, ordinateur dans lequel elles sont exploitées et sont retraitées pour la définition de stratégies de trafic pour le réseau de rues.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on transmet comme données de trafic spécifiques au véhicule la position instantanée et la vitesse d'un véhicule ( 1 ).
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on transmet comme données de trafic spécifiques à un véhicule des données d'itinéraire d'un véhicule.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on transmet comme données d'itinéraire d'un véhicule ( 1 ) des informations d'origines-destination et/ou des durées de voyage jusqu'ici et/ou des décisions de détournement pour le croisement ( 4 ) de routes, dont on s'approche.
  5. Procédé de régulation du trafic dans un réseau de rues ayant au moins un croisement ( 4 ) de rues ou le flux du trafic est régulé au moyen d'une installation ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse, en influant sur des participants au trafic conduisant un véhicule par des signes lumineux représentés par des émetteurs ( 5 ) de signal de l'installation ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse, les émetteurs ( 5 ) de signal étant mis en circuit suivant un plan ( 6 ) temporel du signal se déroulant dans un appareil ( 2 ) de commande de l'installation ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse, plan qui est calculé sur la base des informations de trafic déterminées,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on détermine les informations de trafic par un procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on recalcule les données de trafic dans l'appareil ( 2 ) de commande en des grandeurs de technique de trafic pour commander l'installation ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé en ce que avec la transmission de données de trafic un véhicule ( 1 ) qui s'approche exige un temps de libération dans le plan ( 6 ) temporel de signalisation.
  8. Procédé suivant la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que les exigences de temps de libération reçoivent des priorités suivant les types de véhicules.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que des informations de trafic déterminées par des appareils ( 2 ) de commande d'installations ( 3 ) voisines de signalisation lumineuse sont échangées.
  10. Système pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel des appareils ( 2 ) de commande d'installations ( 3 ) de signalisation lumineuse communiquent respectivement avec un dispositif ( 8 ) de communication côté rue, des véhicules d'une flotte échantillonnée au hasard étant équipés de dispositifs ( 7 ) de communication côté véhicule, dispositifs par lesquels des données de trafic peuvent être transmises sans fil localement, respectivement dans une zone ( 4R) proche autour d'un croisement ( 4 ) de rues, au dispositif ( 8 ) de communication associé côté rue.
  11. Système suivant la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que les véhicules de la flotte échantillonnée au hasard sont équipés respectivement d'un système ( 9 ) de guidage vers la destination.
EP05107255A 2004-08-17 2005-08-05 Procédé et système de fourniture des informations sur l'état du trafic routier et de regulation du trafic routier Not-in-force EP1628274B1 (fr)

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DE102004039854A DE102004039854A1 (de) 2004-08-17 2004-08-17 Verfahren zum Ermitteln von Verkehrsinformationen, Verfahren zum Steuern des Verkehrs, sowie System zum Durchführen der Verfahren

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EP1628274B1 true EP1628274B1 (fr) 2009-07-22

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CN107844856A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-03-27 东南大学 基于车载GPS和站点WiFi的公交车客流预测方法
CN107844856B (zh) * 2017-10-24 2021-05-11 东南大学 基于车载GPS和站点WiFi的公交车客流预测方法

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ATE437426T1 (de) 2009-08-15
EP1628274A1 (fr) 2006-02-22
DE102004039854A1 (de) 2006-03-09
DE502005007741D1 (de) 2009-09-03

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