EP0798684A1 - Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données - Google Patents

Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0798684A1
EP0798684A1 EP97250086A EP97250086A EP0798684A1 EP 0798684 A1 EP0798684 A1 EP 0798684A1 EP 97250086 A EP97250086 A EP 97250086A EP 97250086 A EP97250086 A EP 97250086A EP 0798684 A1 EP0798684 A1 EP 0798684A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traffic
detectors
detector
control center
results
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97250086A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0798684B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Fastenrath
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Vodafone GmbH
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Mannesmann AG
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for traffic situation detection by stationary data acquisition devices (detectors) installed at installation locations along a road network, which determine data about the traffic condition at the installation location of the respective detector in accordance with a set measurement behavior and information derived therefrom in accordance with a set reporting behavior to a control center for traffic situation detection forward to further evaluation.
  • detectors stationary data acquisition devices
  • An interactive dynamic route guidance system is known from EP 0 029 201 B1, in which specially equipped vehicles communicate with a traffic computer.
  • the two-way communication takes place via beacons, which are equipped with an infrared transceiver and are set up at all important nodes in the road network.
  • the vehicles, each equipped with a corresponding transceiver receive from this traffic beacon, among other things, current information about the shortest travel routes to a desired destination.
  • the main source of information for the traffic computer are "floating" test vehicles. These transmit to the traffic computer, in particular, their travel times between important traffic hubs and waiting times at traffic signal systems. This information is then used by the traffic computer for route guidance and traffic guidance, for example by transmitting corresponding traffic management information to the vehicles to be guided and outputting them on a display in the vehicle via a control unit.
  • a system for traffic situation detection with fixed installed detectors is known.
  • the detectors whose sensors are attached to bridge structures above the lanes of a motorway, measure them Average speed of passing vehicles and determine the number of vehicles passing in a time unit.
  • This information is transmitted to a control center for traffic situation detection using a data transmission channel (eg telephone line).
  • a data transmission channel eg telephone line.
  • the average speeds reported by the detectors are transmitted via corresponding transmission devices of the central office to vehicles that are equipped with corresponding reception devices and that graphically display this data on a display with a map section corresponding to the locations of the respective detectors.
  • the measurement behavior of the detectors is usually set so that the traffic situation is continuously scanned.
  • Such a threshold value can be, for example, around 50 km / h. This can significantly reduce the load on the communication channel for data transmission.
  • this is paid for by the fact that this system can only provide usable information about phases of the traffic situation in which there is a very high traffic load, ie a traffic jam situation or a situation similar to a traffic jam.
  • Given the restriction of the reporting behavior of the detectors it cannot be decided on the basis of the recorded data whether there is a moderate traffic load or completely free road traffic conditions. In the known system, this would only be possible if the restriction on the reporting behavior were lifted, which would have to be bought with a correspondingly sudden increase in the communication effort between the detectors and the traffic situation detection center.
  • a system for carrying out this method is also to be specified.
  • the present invention provides that, in contrast to the system known from US Pat. No. 5,317,311, not only the average speeds determined are simply passed on to the road users, but that the data determined by the detectors and, if appropriate, further information are passed on by appropriate evaluations the road users are obtained for traffic information to be transmitted. These evaluations consist in particular in deriving current and / or historical traffic information and / or in preparing traffic forecasts and / or in identifying events that characterize the traffic condition.
  • the invention provides that the control center transmits at least some of the results of the evaluation of the data received from the detectors to the detectors.
  • the detectors involved in the data acquisition set their measuring behavior and / or their reporting behavior in the sense of a learning system, that is to say anew, on the basis of these transmitted results.
  • the reporting behavior e.g. dependency of the data transmission on the existence of certain events or specification of certain time intervals between individual data transmissions
  • optimization is to be understood to mean that the head office is supplied with the objectively required information about the traffic situation at all times, the effort for the data transmission, that is to say in particular the load on the communication channels, being kept as small as possible.
  • RDS / TMC Radio Data System / Traffic Message Channel.
  • a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention includes that the control center from time to time determines a currently valid gait line for traffic-relevant measurement variables (e.g.
  • a further development proposes that a large number of such standardized hydrographs are stored in the detectors and that the control center prescribes a specific hydrography for the detector by only transmitting a code which is uniquely assigned to one of the stored hydrographs.
  • the various hydrographs are advantageously determined depending on classified weather conditions (e.g. dry weather, rain, black ice / snow) and / or on traffic-relevant events (e.g. setting up road construction sites, major events such as trade fairs or football games etc.).
  • the method according to the invention also offers the possibility of forwarding assumptions about the current traffic condition at an installation location from the control center to the respective detector for checking so that the detector can send a corresponding data message to the control center in the event of significant deviations in the actual traffic condition from these assumptions.
  • Solutions for the traffic situation detection are known in which the data acquisition devices have a reporting behavior that is dependent on the locally recognizable traffic condition, ie that falling below or exceeding certain threshold values can lead to individual reports or also periodic reports to the central office.
  • such solutions are not very sensitive to local peculiarities (e.g. on road sections with inclines or curves), for characteristics of the measured values that indicate user-relevant phenomena at a certain distance from the data acquisition device (e.g. in the event of traffic disturbances upstream of the measuring point), for temporary external ones (e.g. weather-related) influences and for differentiating characteristics differently but symptomatically similar traffic situations (e.g. congestion at structural bottlenecks and "immigration overload congestion").
  • the characteristics and influences mentioned are noticeable through characteristic movements or jumps in the working point in the fundamental diagram, which shows the relationship between speed, traffic flow (vehicles per hour) and traffic density (vehicles per route length).
  • Method can be achieved that the data acquisition devices "know what to look out for" after going through a learning phase, if they acquire data on the traffic situation and forward it to the central office.
  • the evaluations can be carried out according to conventional statistical methods, based on the training of neural networks or also according to fuzzy methods.
  • the data acquisition devices are enabled to recognize features in the traffic that have to lead to reports to the central office.
  • the data acquisition devices are, as it were, recipients of historical traffic information.
  • Knowledge of historical traffic information enables the detectors to identify early indicators that are user-relevant, ie events that are important for the assessment of the traffic situation, and to forward them to the head office.
  • knowledge of current traffic information can help avoid the transmission of redundant measurement data.
  • Information that is made available to a data acquisition device in this sense includes not only reports of traffic disruptions or fault resolutions, which can also originate from sources outside the method according to the invention and are checked by the detector in question, but also central forecasts, the previously known external ones Influences, such as weather conditions or construction site planning, can be used by the relevant detector to detect deviations and report them to the control center.
  • Deviations relevant to nuts are both unexpected faults and no expected faults.
  • the traffic information transmitted to a detector for checking does not necessarily have to be limited to the centrally recorded and completed current state, but can also include forecasts for a period that is short in comparison with a daily curve. It is particularly expedient if the control center ascertains characteristic properties that indicate an accident upstream of an installation location of a detector or an impending traffic jam at the installation location (early indicators) and transmits them to the respective detector.
  • FIG. 1 shows the essential functions of the method according to the invention for the two main components "traffic situation recording center” and "data recording devices".
  • the flow of information is symbolized by arrows.
  • the data acquisition devices are preferably attached to bridges that are stretched over the roadways to be observed, these devices have been referred to in FIG. 1 as bridge units.
  • measurement data e.g. the current speeds of the passing vehicles
  • preprocessing can consist, for example, of determining an arithmetic mean value for a specific observation period. It is also conceivable to subject the recorded raw data to compression.
  • the bridge unit can react to user-relevant events (event detection), which were previously defined by the traffic situation detection center, which is referred to in FIG.
  • Reference number 1 denotes a control center for recording the traffic situation, which is connected to a electronic data processing system 2 and a communication unit 3 is equipped.
  • a communication channel 9 which can be configured, for example, in the form of telephone lines, but preferably via a mobile radio network, that is to say implemented wirelessly, the control center 1 can establish a communication connection with a plurality of detectors 8 via the communication unit 3.
  • the detectors 8 are installed on the road side, for example on bridge structures over motorway routes, and are set up to record the relevant data for a traffic situation recording and to forward them to the control center 1. For this purpose, the detectors 8, of which a total of three are shown in FIG.
  • the detectors 8 are able not only to transmit the relevant data for the traffic situation detection to the control center 1 via the communication channel 9, but they can also receive at least some of the results of the data evaluation broadcast by the control center 1 via the communication channel 9, which is designed as a bidirectional communication channel.
  • this enables the detectors 8 to set their measuring behavior and / or their reporting behavior in the sense of a self-learning system on the basis of the results obtained from the control center 1, that is to say to change the previous setting if necessary.
  • standardized curve lines for traffic-relevant measurement variables are stored in the memory unit of the data processing unit 5 of the detectors 8, which is not shown separately, and can be identified by a unique code.
  • the control center 1 is thereby in a position to use a transmitted code to prescribe a particular gait line for the respective detector 8 without a large number of individual values which characterize the course of the gait line having to be transmitted in each case.
  • the data processing device 5 By programming it as a comparator, the data processing device 5 is designed in such a way that it can detect significant deviations in the currently recorded values of a measured variable from a curve indicated by the control center 1. This makes it possible To optimize the reporting behavior of the respective detector 8 in such a way that data transmissions via the communication channel 9 to the control center 1 only take place if such significant deviations are found. During the remaining time, such a data transmission can be prevented.
  • the detectors 8 are each provided with a filter for selecting results, which are transmitted from the control center 1 and are only intended for one or a group of detectors 8.
  • the detectors 8 themselves can recognize, based on their observation of the traffic information broadcast by the control center 1, whether the control center 1 has an impression of the traffic situation that corresponds to the current traffic situation at the installation location of the detectors 8. If this is not the case, a data transmission to the control center 1 can be triggered immediately in order to effect a corresponding correction.
  • the method according to the invention and the system for its implementation make it possible to drastically reduce the scope of the data transmission processes required for realistic traffic situation detection compared to the previously known possibilities.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
EP97250086A 1996-03-25 1997-03-20 Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données Expired - Lifetime EP0798684B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19613015 1996-03-25
DE19613015 1996-03-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0798684A1 true EP0798684A1 (fr) 1997-10-01
EP0798684B1 EP0798684B1 (fr) 2001-01-10

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EP97250086A Expired - Lifetime EP0798684B1 (fr) 1996-03-25 1997-03-20 Procédé et système de saisie de situation de la circulation par un dispositif fixe de saisie de données

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Country Link
US (1) US5889477A (fr)
EP (1) EP0798684B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE198674T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59702873D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2153159T3 (fr)

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ATE198674T1 (de) 2001-01-15
DE59702873D1 (de) 2001-02-15
US5889477A (en) 1999-03-30
ES2153159T3 (es) 2001-02-16
EP0798684B1 (fr) 2001-01-10

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